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Articles 211 - 240 of 677
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Accounting For Temperature Effects On The Performance Of Soil Moisture Sensors In Sandy Soils, Michelle Schwartz, Zhen Li, Toshihiro Sakaki, Ali Moradi, Kathleen Smits
Accounting For Temperature Effects On The Performance Of Soil Moisture Sensors In Sandy Soils, Michelle Schwartz, Zhen Li, Toshihiro Sakaki, Ali Moradi, Kathleen Smits
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
Capacitance sensors are widely used to monitor volumetric water content in both field and lab settings due to their low cost, ease of use, and capability of providing continuous measurements. However, these sensors are sensitive to temperature variations. Previous attempts to develop calibration equations that negate thermal effects incorporate many empirical constants that vary based on soil and sensor type. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of temperature on sensor performance and develop an improved calibration equation for a widely used capacitance soil moisture/temperature sensor, the ECH2O 5TM. Small cell experiments were conducted with silica sands …
Optimized Rehabilitation Of Water Pipe Networks Subjected To Earthquakes, Binaya Pudasaini
Optimized Rehabilitation Of Water Pipe Networks Subjected To Earthquakes, Binaya Pudasaini
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Earthquakes in the past and in the recent times have demonstrated the extreme vulnerability of the water pipe networks. The impacts of such earthquakes on the water supply network can lead to significant direct and indirect losses. These losses highlight the critical need for seismic rehabilitation of water pipe network. Despite such criticality, water supply network managers are often constrained in what they can do with the limited rehabilitation budget that they have access to. Majority of current models dealing with seismic vulnerability assessment of water pipes do not provide actionable insights to the utility managers for the seismic rehabilitation …
Evaluation And Prediction Of Energy Potential Of Landfill Mined Solid Waste, Rakib Ahmed
Evaluation And Prediction Of Energy Potential Of Landfill Mined Solid Waste, Rakib Ahmed
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Landfilling is the most popular waste disposal system worldwide; however, with increasing scarcity of materials, increases in land values, and the presence of non-engineered landfill sites in both the developing and developed world, landfill mining has been the recipient of special interest in today’s waste management practices. Therefore, the motivation of the current study was to evaluate the energy potential of mined landfill waste and develop a statistically significant mathematical model to predict its energy potential (calorific value). The current study was conducted by using the municipal solid waste (MSW) samples collected from the City of Denton landfill and the …
Development Of Condition Prediction Models For Sanitary Sewer Pipes, Mohammadreza Malek Mohammadi
Development Of Condition Prediction Models For Sanitary Sewer Pipes, Mohammadreza Malek Mohammadi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Utility managers and owners have challenges when addressing appropriate intervals for inspection of gravity sanitary sewer pipelines and other underground pipeline systems. Frequent inspection of sewer network is not cost-effective due to large inventory of pipes and high cost of inspections, such as using closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveys. Therefore, it would be more beneficial to first predict critical sewers most likely needing maintenance and then perform inspections to optimize use of their limited budgets and target pipelines most in need of repairs, rehabilitation or renewal. Development of sewer condition prediction models is extremely vital for utilities to evaluate the short-term …
Laboratory Testing And Finite Element Modeling Of Invert Removed Corrugated Metal Culvert Buried Under Shallow Cover, Hiramani Raj Chimauriya
Laboratory Testing And Finite Element Modeling Of Invert Removed Corrugated Metal Culvert Buried Under Shallow Cover, Hiramani Raj Chimauriya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Ever since their advent in the 1800s, corrugated metal pipes (CMPs) have played a vital role in this nation’s infrastructure. The wide range of options on diameter and span have made these culverts more preferable over traditional concrete culverts. However, compared to concrete culverts, CMPs have a shorter design life and are only expected to last 10 to 30 years even under ideal conditions. Over the course of years, different open-cut and trenchless methods have been used to rehabilitate existing old and damaged culverts. In recent years, trenchless methods like sliplining, CIPP, spray-applied pipe linings, etc. have been gaining popularity …
Development Of Protocol For 100-Year Service Life Of Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Pipes, Maziar Mahdavi
Development Of Protocol For 100-Year Service Life Of Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Pipes, Maziar Mahdavi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Among different components of US highways and roads, concrete pipes are one of the most important parts of these infrastructures. Currently, most of the concrete pipes that are produced in the United States are made from steel reinforced concrete composite, and this system is prone to deterioration and steel corrosion during the service life of these pipelines. In this study, a newly developed composite at the Center for Structural Engineering Research/Simulation and Pipeline Inspection was studied for service life assessment with accelerated aging methods. This composite doesn’t contain any steel reinforcement, and it is reinforced by Polypropylene fibers. At the …
A New Design Methodology Of Reinforced Concrete Squat Shear Walls For Ductile Seismic Behavior And Predictable Shear Strength, Ghassan S. Almasabha
A New Design Methodology Of Reinforced Concrete Squat Shear Walls For Ductile Seismic Behavior And Predictable Shear Strength, Ghassan S. Almasabha
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Reinforced concrete (RC) squat walls (with a height-to-length ratio of 2.0 or less) have high strength and stiffness which makes them a popular seismic force-resistant system for buildings and nuclear power plants. However, extensive studies on squat shear walls showed that squat walls have limited drift ductility because a flexural yielding mechanism is difficult to achieve, thereby undermining the role of squat walls as structural fuse members in earthquake-resisting structures. This research proposes a new design methodology of squat walls for ductile seismic behavior. While ACI 318-19 requires a mesh of steel bars to reinforce squat walls, the proposed design …
Remaining Service Life Estimation And Probabilistic Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Sewer Pipeline Systems, Pardis Moamaei
Remaining Service Life Estimation And Probabilistic Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Sewer Pipeline Systems, Pardis Moamaei
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The serviceability and structural performance of reinforced concrete pipes could deteriorate for many reasons. The loss in structural capacity and other structural operations may drastically affect the surrounding environment, public health and the economy. This research is directed towards the estimation of remaining service life, and to evaluate the level of risk of failure of reinforced concrete sewer pipes (RCSP) that are subjected to continuing corrosion due to sulfide attack that in turn leads to loss of pipe thickness caused by excessive deterioration along the pipe’s interior wall. In order to estimate the remaining service life, reliability theory is used …
Improving Post Processing Of Ensemble Streamflow Forecast For Short-To-Long Ranges: A Multiscale Approach, Babak Alizadeh
Improving Post Processing Of Ensemble Streamflow Forecast For Short-To-Long Ranges: A Multiscale Approach, Babak Alizadeh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A novel multi-scale post-processor for ensemble streamflow prediction, MS-EnsPost, and a multiscale probability matching (MS-PM) technique for bias correction in streamflow simulation are developed and evaluated. The MS-PM successively applies probability matching (PM) across multiple time scales of aggregation to reduce scale-dependent biases in streamflow simulation. For evaluation of MS-PM, 34 basins in four National Weather Service (NWS) River Forecast Centers (RFC) in the US were used. The results indicate that MS-PM improves over PM for streamflow prediction at a daily time step, and that averaging the empirical cumulative distribution functions to reduce sampling uncertainty marginally improves performance. The performance …
Analytical And Numerical Modeling Of Externally Heated Geothermal Bridge Deck, Mandakini Chowdhury
Analytical And Numerical Modeling Of Externally Heated Geothermal Bridge Deck, Mandakini Chowdhury
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Bridge icing is a severe safety concern for travel during winter months in the United States. Ice on bridges form quicker than roads, as the bridge is exposed to wind on all its surfaces. The underlying problem of bridge icing is loss of friction between the vehicle wheel and the pavement surface due to slippery nature of ice. Hence, the solution is to increase the friction between the above-mentioned surfaces. The most commonly adopted solution is application of sand, salt or other granular materials on the roadway. However, due to corrosive nature of the salts, the durability of the infrastructure …
User Syndication Using Speech Rhythm, Faisal Z H Alnahhas
User Syndication Using Speech Rhythm, Faisal Z H Alnahhas
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
In recent years we have seen a variety of approaches to increase security on computers and mobile devices including fingerprint, and facial recognition. Such techniques while effective are very expensive. Voice biometrics, specifically speech rhythm, is a method that has been drawing attention and growing in recent years. Unlike other methods, it requires little to no additional hardware installed on a device for it to work accurately. Speech rhythm utilizes the device's built-in microphone, and analyzes speakers based on features of their speech. In this work we leverage the existing hardware and simply add an efficient layer of software to …
Effect Of Modified Moisture Barriers On Slopes Stabilized With Recycled Plastic Pins, Anuja Sapkota
Effect Of Modified Moisture Barriers On Slopes Stabilized With Recycled Plastic Pins, Anuja Sapkota
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
High plasticity expansive clayey soils are prone to repeated swelling and shrinkage due to cyclic climatic variations. These variations lead to desiccation cracks that act as pathways for rainfall intrusion into the slope, and lead to increased moisture content. The increase in the moisture content of the soil generates considerable hydrostatic pressure, which can cause pavement distress and shallow slope failure. Previously, failed slopes in North Texas were repaired by the UTA research team using only recycled plastic pins, which increase the stability of the slope but do not improve the performance of the pavement shoulder or limit the intrusion …
Chemical Stabilization Of Expansive Soils Using Liquid Ionic Soil Stabilizers (Liss), Shi He
Chemical Stabilization Of Expansive Soils Using Liquid Ionic Soil Stabilizers (Liss), Shi He
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Traditional soil stabilizers such as lime and cement are widely used to reduce swell and shrinkage behavior and enhance strength properties of expansive soils through the formation of cementitious products. However, the manufacturing process of these calcium-based stabilizers, such as lime and cement, need large amounts of water and emit gases such as CO, CO2, NOx, and SO2 that are harmful to the environment. Hence, environmentally-friendly techniques are often sought out by the civil infrastructure industry (Puppala et al. 2018a, 2019b, George et al. 2019a, Congress and Puppala 2019). In this research, an alternative stabilizer termed as liquid ionic soil …
Performance Of Precast Concrete Bridge Girders With Externally Bonded Anchored Cfrp, Tariq Tariq Al Jaafreh
Performance Of Precast Concrete Bridge Girders With Externally Bonded Anchored Cfrp, Tariq Tariq Al Jaafreh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Repair with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has become a topic of great interest to engineers in the last two decades. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is considered as one of the most popular and practical solutions for strengthening and retrofitting civil structures, including bridge girders. Several past studies indicated that a significant increase in strength and stiffness can be achieved by using this technology; however, the major drawback of this repairing method is debonding. This research investigated the flexural behavior of simulated lateral damaged pre-stressed concrete bridge girders. Five Tx28 girders were tested up to failure, where 4 of them …
Evaluation Of Model Uncertainties In Lrfd Calibration Process Of Drilled Shaft Axial Design, Mohammad Rakib Hasan
Evaluation Of Model Uncertainties In Lrfd Calibration Process Of Drilled Shaft Axial Design, Mohammad Rakib Hasan
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) released a policy in 2000 that required all new federally funded bridges to be designed using the AASHTO LRFD specifications by October 2007. The transition from ASD to LRFD posed a challenge due to the lack of area specific resistance factors. Though several studies were performed to calibrate area specific resistance factors, they did not improve from the resistance factors suggested in AASHTO 2012. The objective of this study is to analyze the uncertainties in LRFD calibration and to calibrate more accurate and improved resistance factors. A drilled shaft load test database from Mississippi and …
Comparison Of Environmental And Social Costs Of Trenchless Cured-In-Place Pipe Renewal Method With Open-Cut Pipeline Replacement For Sanitary Sewers, Vinayak Kaushal
Comparison Of Environmental And Social Costs Of Trenchless Cured-In-Place Pipe Renewal Method With Open-Cut Pipeline Replacement For Sanitary Sewers, Vinayak Kaushal
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The development of underground infrastructure, environmental concerns, and economic trends is influencing society, resulting in the advancement of technology for more efficient, environment-friendly, and cost-effective pipeline installation and renewal. Comparison of environmental and social costs of a pipeline renewal and replacement is an essential element when considering sustainable development of underground infrastructure. Project owners, decision makers, design and consulting and contractors commonly take into consideration the construction costs only, and overlook the environmental and social cost aspects while making a choice between trenchless and open-cut pipeline installation. Trenchless Cured-in-Place Pipe (CIPP) involves a liquid thermoset resin saturated material that is …
Investment Valuation Of Underground Freight Transportation (Uft) Systems Under Uncertainty, Seyed Ehsan Zahedzahedani
Investment Valuation Of Underground Freight Transportation (Uft) Systems Under Uncertainty, Seyed Ehsan Zahedzahedani
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A reliable, safe, and efficient freight transportation system is one of the most essential rudiments supporting the continuous economic growth of a nation. The United States (U.S.), as the world’s largest economy relies heavily on its transportation and freight movement systems. Population growth and economic activity have created a critical need for freight transportation services. E-commerce and online retailing have effectively challenged conventional freight transportation services, increasing the demand for faster delivery. Underground freight transportation (UFT) systems are an innovative technology that can be a viable solution to satisfy the growing demand for freight transportation services. UFT systems are automated …
Effect Of Mixing On Monochloramine Formation Through In-Line Injection Of Chemicals In Water Disinfection Process, Farhikhteh Samadi
Effect Of Mixing On Monochloramine Formation Through In-Line Injection Of Chemicals In Water Disinfection Process, Farhikhteh Samadi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Addition of chlorine and ammonia to water for monochloramine formation in the secondary disinfection process in treatment plants has some challenges. Monochloramine formation as the only desirable product of the chloramination process is affected by several factors. These factors are pH, chlorine to nitrogen ratio and chemical mixing. In this study an investigation was conducted to measure the effect of mixing on monochloramine formation through direct injection of chemicals in a pipeline when keeping the other factors constant. In this study two sets of experiments were conducted. In the first study a tracer salt testing was used to find a …
On The Concept Of Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Thin-Walled Concrete Pipes, Arash Emami Saleh
On The Concept Of Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Thin-Walled Concrete Pipes, Arash Emami Saleh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
This research investigates the structural and industrial possibility to create a new type of concrete pipes called synthetic fiber reinforced thin-walled concrete pipes, which would be lighter, cheaper, and more durable than what is currently in use while still providing a pipe product much less dependent upon installation conditions than the very flexible metal and plastic pipes in the American market. The idea is to reduce the thickness and reinforcement of the current reinforced concrete pipes to increase their deflection before failure and control the crack formation and width by using synthetic fibers. The flexibility of these pipes will enable …
Development Of A Framework For Design And Installation Of Cementitious Spray Applied Pipe Linings In Renewal Of Corrugated Metal Culverts, Seyedmohammadsadegh Jalalediny Korky
Development Of A Framework For Design And Installation Of Cementitious Spray Applied Pipe Linings In Renewal Of Corrugated Metal Culverts, Seyedmohammadsadegh Jalalediny Korky
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Millions of culverts under road embankments provide drainage for U.S. transportation network system and are in need of maintenance, repair, and renewal. Over time culverts, like any other asset, deteriorate due to many factors. Spray applied pipe lining (SAPL) is one of the trenchless technology methods applicable for culverts renewal. In the SAPL method, polymers or cementitious materials are sprayed by machine or manually in different lifts to achieve required thickness based on the design criteria. The scope of this dissertation includes reinforced concrete pipe and corrugated metal pipe (RCP and CMP) culverts renewal with cementitious and polymer SAPLs. The …
Rainfall Simulation For Investigating Hydrologic Responses To Storm Characteristics And Facilitating Frequency Analysis, Shang Gao
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Hydrologic and Hydraulic practices depend on the characterization of extreme precipitation that is rare in nature. Despite the advancement in sensing technology, the observation record of extreme rainfall with good spatio-temporal resolution has not reached a sufficient length. Furthermore, rainfall observation may never be sufficient in a non-stationary climate. Towards solutions to these issues, rainfall simulation was explored in this study (1) to investigate hydrologic responses to storm characteristics and (2) to facilitate rainfall frequency analysis. To that end, this study initially employed storm transposition plus hydrologic simulation for generating possible rainfall-runoff scenarios which further reveal relationships between storm characteristics …
Utilizing The State Of Art Technologies To Assess And Address Urban Flooding, Daniel Li
Utilizing The State Of Art Technologies To Assess And Address Urban Flooding, Daniel Li
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Today, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban area, a proportion that is expected to increase to 60% by 2050. Projections show that urbanization, the gradual shift in residence of the human population from rural to urban areas, combined with the overall growth of the world’s population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban areas by 2050. With growing opportunities, there are great challenges. One of the challenges that urban communities are facing is the increasing flood risks. In U.S., over the past decade, extreme storm events have wreaked havoc on many urban areas. Aging and inadequate infrastructure, …
Enhancing Anaerobic Oxidation Of Methane In Landfill Cover Soil, Niloofar Parsaeifard
Enhancing Anaerobic Oxidation Of Methane In Landfill Cover Soil, Niloofar Parsaeifard
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Methane (CH4) is one of the major greenhouse gases (GHG) generated in landfills and has a global warming effect 28 times more than carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, decreasing methane emissions into the atmosphere from landfills is critically important. In the upper portions of a landfill cover, methane is exposed to oxygen and oxidized aerobically to carbon dioxide while passing through the cover soil; this lowers the overall contribution of the landfill to climate change. However, because of the low permeability of the landfill cover, no aerobic oxidation occurs in the bottom of the cover because oxygen cannot penetrate to those …
Performance Of Concrete Slabs With Embedded Hydronic Loops For Geothermally Based Bridge De-Icing Applications, Mark Hurley
Performance Of Concrete Slabs With Embedded Hydronic Loops For Geothermally Based Bridge De-Icing Applications, Mark Hurley
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Geothermal energy has always been available as a renewable thermal reserve, however, only recently has it been unlocked as a potential source of energy to de-ice bridges and roadways. The ability to efficiently extract the geothermal reserves has been accomplished with the advent of new technology. Each progressing year, the refinement of technology has led to a reduction in the input required to achieve a desired output. For the case of bridge de-icing, the extracted input of thermal energy must exceed the required demands to permit de-icing. The conventional approach to de-icing (using chemicals, salt, and sand) works as a …
Service Life Prediction And Risk Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Gravity Flow Pipes Using Reliability Theory, Khaled Saleh Abuhishmeh
Service Life Prediction And Risk Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Gravity Flow Pipes Using Reliability Theory, Khaled Saleh Abuhishmeh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reinforced concrete pipes are susceptible to different types of deteriorations that threaten their structural capacity and serviceability. Failure of these structures or losing parts of their operational capabilities may cause undesirable consequences that affect the surrounding environment, public health and the economy. The main objectives of this research are to estimate the service life, and to evaluate the level of risk of reinforced concrete sewer pipes (RCP) that are under persistent chemical deterioration caused by the sulfide attack that leads to excessive erosion along the pipe’s interior wall. In order to estimate the service life, reliability theory is used by …
Flexural Behavior Of Preflex Sfrc-Encased Steel Joist Composite Beams, Nancy Thazhampallatu Varughese
Flexural Behavior Of Preflex Sfrc-Encased Steel Joist Composite Beams, Nancy Thazhampallatu Varughese
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research investigates the behavior of encased steel composite beams within steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) in straight and preflex beams, using nonlinear analysis. ABAQUS FEA software has been adopted. Composite steel beams encased in fiber reinforced concrete are analyzed and a comparison is made with available experimental results. Good agreement with the experimental results is observed. Upwards camber of the steel section is introduced on the steel joist. It’s found that the preflex section can increase the ultimate load capacity by 10% and decrease midspan displacement by 13% of the same beams without the preflex steel section. Steel fiber …
Experimental Investigation Of Concrete Breakout Strength Of Anchors In Shear Within Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Mohammad Akram Khanfar
Experimental Investigation Of Concrete Breakout Strength Of Anchors In Shear Within Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Mohammad Akram Khanfar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study investigates the effects of Polypropylene fibers on the concrete breakout strength of cast in place anchors in shear under different loading rates. The steel headed anchors were cast within concrete specimens of different amounts of Polypropylene fibers. Four differing mixtures were produced using, 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5% fibers by volume of the mixture. Their physical properties were calculated through testing at the Civil Engineering Laboratory Building. In total, 16 cylindrical specimens, 4” in diameter and 8” in height, and 6 beam specimens, 6”x6”x20” were produced and tested. After 28 days of curing, the specimens were tested for …
Effect Of Termite Gut Microorganism Tav5 Ratios On Lignin Degradation And Methane Generation From Paper, Yard, And Wood Waste, Hoda Rahimi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Methane from anaerobic processes is being increasingly utilized as an alternative energy source in developed countries, via large projects that extract methane from landfills or wastewater treatment plants. Anaerobic degradation of organic material (biomass) involves decomposition by bacteria under humid conditions without any oxygen. Organic carbon deposited in landfills is converted by microbes to carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). If the methane is not captured, it contributes to climate change (28 times more effectively than CO2 on a per-mass basis). If the methane is captured, it can be used as a renewable energy resource. Lignocellulose comprises a significant portion …
Investigation Of Gas- And Liquid-Phase Sewer Environmental Factors Leading To Microbially-Induced Concrete Corrosion, Aiswarya Acharath Mohanakrishnan
Investigation Of Gas- And Liquid-Phase Sewer Environmental Factors Leading To Microbially-Induced Concrete Corrosion, Aiswarya Acharath Mohanakrishnan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Sewer systems are a principal element of infrastructure in modern cities, accounting for massive amounts of public investments made over many decades and can be considered as an asset of the nation. Many concrete manholes in the sewer system are deteriorating due to the attack of sulfuric acid produced by microorganisms in a process termed as Microbial Induced Concrete Corrosion (MICC). The life span of concrete sewer elements significantly reduces from 100 years to 30–50 years, in extreme cases even down to 10 years. The primary aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of the correlation between gas-phase …
Use Of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Uhp-Frc) For Fast And Sustainable Repair Of Pavement And A New Sustainable Structural Member With Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Uhp-Frc) And Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Reinforcement, Ashish Karmacharya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The first part of this research presents a new methodology, which enables streets, roads, highways, bridges, and airfields to use an advanced fiber-reinforced concrete material, which can delay or prevent the deterioration of these transportation infrastructure when subjected to traffic and environmental loadings. The major problem of concrete is its considerable deterioration and limited service life due to its brittleness and limited durability. As a result, it requires frequent repair and eventual replacement, which consumes more natural resources. Ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) introduces significant enhancement in the sustainability of concrete structures due to its dense microstructure and damage-tolerance characteristics. These …