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Articles 151 - 180 of 360
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Polyurethane Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthening Of Shear Deficient Reinforced Concrete Beams, Yasir Al-Lebban
Polyurethane Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthening Of Shear Deficient Reinforced Concrete Beams, Yasir Al-Lebban
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The use of externally-bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has been established as an effective means for the strengthening of shear-deficient reinforced concrete (RC) flexural members. Epoxy-based wet layup systems were predominantly employed in previous studies. In this study, carbon FRP pre-impregnated with polyurethane resin is utilized in strengthening shear-deficient RC beams and compared to an epoxy resin. Fourteen small-scale (96 in span, 6 in width, and 12 in height) and five large-scale (132 in span, 12 in width, and 17 in height) flexural specimens were tested, considering FRP system type (polyurethane versus epoxy), size effect, shear span-to-depth ratio, FRP configuration …
A Comprehensive Assessment Of Vehicle-To-Grid Systems And Their Impact To The Sustainability Of Current Energy And Water Nexus, Yang Zhao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation aims to explore the feasibility of incorporating electric vehicles into the electric power grid and develop a comprehensive assessment framework to predict and evaluate the life cycle environmental, economic and social impact of the integration of Vehicle-to-Grid systems and the transportation-water-energy nexus. Based on the fact that electric vehicles of different classes have been widely adopted by both fleet operators and individual car owners, the following questions are investigated: 1. Will the life cycle environmental impacts due to vehicle operation be reduced? 2. Will the implementation of Vehicle-to-Grid systems bring environmental and economic benefits? 3. Will there be …
The Effectiveness Of Child Restraint And Bicycle Helmet Policies To Improve Road Safety, Claudia Bustamante
The Effectiveness Of Child Restraint And Bicycle Helmet Policies To Improve Road Safety, Claudia Bustamante
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Analyzing the effect of legislation in children's safety when they travel as motor-vehicle passengers and bicycle riders can allow us to evaluate the effectiveness in transportation policies. The Child Restraint Laws (CRL) and Bicycle Helmet Laws (BHL) were studied by analyzing the nationwide Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) to estimate the fatality reduction as well as drivers' decisions to use Child Restraint Systems (CRS) and bicycle helmets respectively. Differences in legislation could have different effects on traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study presents multiple methodologies to study these effects. In the evaluation of traffic safety issues, several proven statistical models have …
Physical Hydrogeological Modeling Of Florida's Sinkhole Hazard, Adam Perez
Physical Hydrogeological Modeling Of Florida's Sinkhole Hazard, Adam Perez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sinkholes are one of the major geohazards in karst terrain and pose a social, economic, and environmental risk. In Florida, sinkhole-related insurance claims between 2006 and the third quarter of 2010 amounted to $1.4 billion. Approximately 20 % of the United States is underlain by karst terrain formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks and is susceptible to a sinkhole hazard. Particularly, Texas, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Missouri, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania are known as sinkhole states. The scope of this study is to develop a physical model to simulate sinkholes (referred to as a sinkhole simulator), which can assess the qualitative …
Hydrologic Controls On The Natural Drainage Networks Extracted From High-Resolution Topographic Data, Milad Hooshyar
Hydrologic Controls On The Natural Drainage Networks Extracted From High-Resolution Topographic Data, Milad Hooshyar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Drainage networks are important geomorphologic and hydrologic features which significantly control runoff generation. Drainage networks are composed of unchannelized valleys and channels. At valley heads, flow changes from unconfined sheet flow on the hillslope to confined flow in valley. Localized confined flow dominates in valleys as a result of convergent topography with positive curvature. Channels initiate at some distance down from the valley head, and the transition from unchannelized valley to channel is referred to as the channel head. Channel heads occur at a point where fluvial transport dominates over diffusive transport. From the hydrologic perspective, channels are categorized as …
Hydro-Thermo-Mechanical Behavior Of Concrete At Elevated Temperatures, Manar Al Fadul
Hydro-Thermo-Mechanical Behavior Of Concrete At Elevated Temperatures, Manar Al Fadul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the light of recent tragic events, such as, natural disasters, arson and terrorism, studying the thermo mechanical behavior of concrete at elevated temperatures has become of special concern. In addition, the fact that concrete has been widely used as a structural material in many critical applications, such as high rise buildings, pressure vessels, and nuclear plants, enhances the potential risk of exposing concrete to high temperatures. Accordingly, the potential damage to large-scale structures during the course of the fire, besides the possible loss of human life, emphasizes the necessity to better understand the thermo-structural behavior and failure mechanism of …
Site Specific Sinkhole Risk Assessment In Central Florida Using Cone Penetrometer Testing, Ryan Shamet
Site Specific Sinkhole Risk Assessment In Central Florida Using Cone Penetrometer Testing, Ryan Shamet
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As Florida's population is expanding and greater fluctuations in groundwater levels are being recorded, Central Florida has been experiencing a higher frequency of sinkhole occurrences than ever before in recorded history. Sinkholes in Central Florida are formed by a combination of bedrock weathering and overburden soil erosion due to the groundwater recharge and are a part of Florida's past and future geology. The initial stage of a sinkhole is referred to as soil raveling and is the most effective time to perform soil improvement measures, such as grouting, to mitigate further expansion of a subterranean void. Subsurface exploration tests, commonly …
Pedestrian Safety Analysis Through Effective Exposure Measures And Examination Of Injury Severity, Md Imran Shah
Pedestrian Safety Analysis Through Effective Exposure Measures And Examination Of Injury Severity, Md Imran Shah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pedestrians are considered the most vulnerable road users who are directly exposed to traffic crashes. In 2014, there were 4,884 pedestrians killed and 65,000 injured in the United States. Pedestrian safety is a growing concern in the development of sustainable transportation system. But often it is found that safety analysis suffers from lack of accurate pedestrian trip information. In such cases, determining effective exposure measures is the most appropriate safety analysis approach. Also it is very important to clearly understand the relationship between pedestrian injury severity and the factors contributing to higher injury severity. Accurate safety analysis can play a …
Water And Energy Costs Of Landfilled Food Waste, Tonmoy Sarker
Water And Energy Costs Of Landfilled Food Waste, Tonmoy Sarker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Energy and water are consumed or contaminated during both the production and disposal of wasted food. To date, evaluations of water and energy resources associated with food waste have considered only resources used in food production. To allow for the full characterization of food waste within a Food Energy Water (FEW) nexus framework, this study addresses a fundamental knowledge gap related to the energy and water impacts of food waste after disposal. Fluxes of water and energy related to disposal of wasted food in landfills within the state of Florida were characterized. It is estimated that each metric ton (Mg) …
Investigating And Modeling The Impacts Of Illegal U-Turn Violations At Medials Located On Florida's Limited Access Highways, Omar Al-Sahili
Investigating And Modeling The Impacts Of Illegal U-Turn Violations At Medials Located On Florida's Limited Access Highways, Omar Al-Sahili
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Illegal U-turn violations are considered part of the Wrong-Way Driving (WWD) maneuvers that could result in head-on crashes and severe injuries, which are often severe because of the high speed of the approaching traffic and limited time to avoid such crash. Therefore, reviewing this type of violation and understanding the contributing factors that may lead drivers to commit such illegal maneuver would help officials foresee and consequently minimize the potential risks that could lead to WWD crashes. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the illegal U-turn maneuvers on limited access facilities and find the significant contributing factors that …
Analysis Of Pedestrian Safety Using Micro-Simulation And Driving Simulator, Jiawei Wu
Analysis Of Pedestrian Safety Using Micro-Simulation And Driving Simulator, Jiawei Wu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, traffic agencies have begun to place emphasis on the importance of pedestrian safety. In the United States, nearly 70,000 pedestrians were reported injured in 2015. Although the number only account for 3% of all the people injured in traffic crashes, the number of pedestrian fatalities is still around 15% of total traffic fatalities. Furthermore, the state of Florida has consistently ranked as one of the worst states in terms of pedestrian crashes, injuries and fatalities. Therefore, it is befitting to focus on the pedestrian safety. This dissertation mainly focused on pedestrian safety at both midblock crossings and …
Understanding Hydroclimatic Controls On Stream Network Dynamics Using Lidar Data, Seoyoung Kim
Understanding Hydroclimatic Controls On Stream Network Dynamics Using Lidar Data, Seoyoung Kim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation investigates the hydroclimatic controls on drainage network dynamics and characterizes the variation of drainage density in various climate regions. The methods were developed to extract the valley and wet channel networks based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data including the elevation and intensity of laser returns. The study watersheds were selected based on the availability of streamflow observations and LiDAR data. Climate aridity index was used as a quantitative indicator for climate. The climate controls on drainage density were re-visited using watersheds with minimal anthropogenic interferences and compared with the U-shape relationship reported in the previous studies. …
Impact Of Dynamic Message Signs On Driver Behavior Under Reduced Visibility Conditions, Ryan Selby
Impact Of Dynamic Message Signs On Driver Behavior Under Reduced Visibility Conditions, Ryan Selby
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fog along roadways is a dangerous hazard that leads to crashes resulting from limited visibility. Low visibility gives drivers less time to react to potential obstacles that can suddenly appear and require immediate action. To solve this issue, early warning systems involving Dynamic Message Signs or other types of devices are used to alert drivers of the impending visibility condition so that they are prepared. This research focuses on testing the effectiveness of one form of warning systems to investigate how it impacts driver behavior in foggy conditions. To accomplish this objective, a simulation study is developed to test variables …
Experimental Study Of Sinkhole Failure Related To Groundwater Level Drops, Mohamed Alrowaimi
Experimental Study Of Sinkhole Failure Related To Groundwater Level Drops, Mohamed Alrowaimi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sinkholes are natural geohazard phenomena that cause damage to property and may lead to loss of life. They can also cause added pollution to the aquifer by draining unfiltered water from streams, wetland, and lakes into the aquifer. Sinkholes occur in a very distinctive karst geology where carbonate, limestone, dolomite, or gypsum, are encountered as the bedrock that can naturally be dissolved by groundwater circulating through them. Sinkholes can occur gradually or suddenly with catastrophic impact depending on the geology and hydrology of the area. Predicting the formation and the collapse of a sinkhole based on the current ground investigation …
Dynamic Modeling Approach To Quantify Change Orders Impact On Labor Productivity, Zain Al-Kofahi
Dynamic Modeling Approach To Quantify Change Orders Impact On Labor Productivity, Zain Al-Kofahi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In construction projects, change orders are commonly faced. These change orders, which are issued by the owner, may cause interruption to the contractor's work, resulting in damages such as loss of labor productivity, delay damages, and cost overruns which may lead to claims. The relationship between change orders and loss of labor productivity is not well understood because of the difficulty in linking the cause of the productivity loss to the change order. So, to receive compensation, the contractor needs to prove with a credible calculation that the productivity loss was a result of the change order issued by the …
Joint Modeling Of Traffic Related Crashes: A Copula Based Approch, Tammam Nashad
Joint Modeling Of Traffic Related Crashes: A Copula Based Approch, Tammam Nashad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The study contributes to safety literature on transportation safety by employing copula based models for count frequency analysis at a macro-level. Most studies in the transportation safety area identify a single count variable (such as vehicular, pedestrian or bicycle crash counts) for a spatial unit and study the impact of exogenous variables. While the traditional count models perform adequately in the presence of a single count variable, it is necessary to modify these approaches to examine multiple dependent variables for each study unit. To that extent, the current research effort contributes to literature by developing two multivariate models based on …
Analysis Of Driving Behavior At Expressway Toll Plazas Using Driving Simulator, Moatz Saad
Analysis Of Driving Behavior At Expressway Toll Plazas Using Driving Simulator, Moatz Saad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study is to analyze the driving behavior at toll plazas by examining multiple scenarios using a driving simulator to study the effect of different options including different path decisions, various signs, arrow markings, traffic conditions, and extending auxiliary lanes before and after the toll plaza on the driving behavior. Also, this study focuses on investigating the effect of drivers' characteristics on the dangerous driving behavior (e.g. speed variation, sudden lane change, drivers' confusion). Safety and efficiency are the fundamental goals that transportation engineering is always seeking for the design of highways. Transportation agencies have a crucial …
An Integrated Hydrodynamic-Marsh Model With Applications In Fluvial, Marine, And Mixed Estuarine Systems, Karim Alizad
An Integrated Hydrodynamic-Marsh Model With Applications In Fluvial, Marine, And Mixed Estuarine Systems, Karim Alizad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Coastal wetlands experience fluctuating productivity when subjected to various stressors. One of the most impactful stressors is sea level rise (SLR) associated with global warming. Research has shown that under SLR, salt marshes may not have time to establish an equilibrium with sea level and may migrate landward or become open water. Salt marsh systems play an important role in the coastal ecosystem by providing intertidal habitats and food for birds, fish, crabs, mussels, and other animals. They also protect shorelines by dissipating flow and damping wave energy through an increase in drag forces. Due to the serious consequences of …
Getting To Net Zero Energy Buildings: A Holistic Techno-Ecological Modeling Approach, Mehdi Alirezaei
Getting To Net Zero Energy Buildings: A Holistic Techno-Ecological Modeling Approach, Mehdi Alirezaei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Buildings in the United States are responsible for more than 40% of the primary energy and 70% of electricity usage and greatly in CO2 emission by about 39%, more than any other sector including transportation and industry sectors. This energy consumption is expected to grow mainly due to increasing trends in new buildings construction. Rising energy prices alongside with energy independencies, limited resources, and climate change have made the current situation even worse. An Energy Efficient (EE) building is able to reduce the heating and cooling load significantly compared with a code compliant building. Furthermore, integrating renewable energy sources in …
Estimating A Freight Mode Choice Model: A Case Study Of Commodity Flow Survey 2012, Nowreen Keya
Estimating A Freight Mode Choice Model: A Case Study Of Commodity Flow Survey 2012, Nowreen Keya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research effort develops a national freight mode choice model employing data from the 2012 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS). While several research efforts have developed mode choice model with multiple modes in the passenger travel context, the literature is sparse in the freight context. The primary reasons being unavailability and/or the high cost associated with the acquisition of mode choice and level of service (LOS) measures – such as travel time and travel cost. The first contribution of the research effort is to develop travel time and cost measures for various modes reported in the CFS. The study considers five …
Structural Health Monitoring Of Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels, Luca Letizia
Structural Health Monitoring Of Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels, Luca Letizia
Honors Undergraduate Theses
This work is focusing to study the structural behavior of Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPVs). These COPVs are found in many engineering applications. In the aerospace field, they are installed onto spaceships and aid the reorientation of the spacecraft in very far and airless, therefore frictionless, orbits to save energy and fuel. The intent of this research is to analyze the difference in performance of both perfectly intact and purposely damaged tanks. Understanding both the source and location of a structural fault will help NASA engineers predict the performance of COPVs subject to similar conditions, which could prevent failures of …
Evaluation Of Real World Toll Plazas Using Driving Simulation, Kali Carroll
Evaluation Of Real World Toll Plazas Using Driving Simulation, Kali Carroll
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Toll plazas are becoming an essential part of the highway system, especially within the state of Florida. Many crashes reported on highways occur at toll plazas. A primary reason for many vehicle collisions happening at these facilities is the fact that each toll plaza agency has different design, signage and marking criteria. This, in turn, causes driver confusion and possible last minute weaving maneuvers. Even though the varying design of toll plazas is a clear highway safety factor, research in the field is very limited but expanding. This study focuses on one toll plaza, in particular the Dean Mainline Toll …
Impact Of The Longer Change And Clearance Intervals On Signalized Intersections And Corridors, Mohammed Alfawzan
Impact Of The Longer Change And Clearance Intervals On Signalized Intersections And Corridors, Mohammed Alfawzan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Evaluating the impact of longer change and clearance intervals on signalized intersections and corridors is the main goal of this study. In fact, the Florida department of Transportation (FDOT) has adopted a new signal retiming effort in a number of signalized intersections along several corridors. The Orange County started implementing the new signal timing from December, 2013 and completed it in June, 2015. The other objective of this new signal timing is to minimize the red light running rate. This study is dedicated to investigate the signal retiming effort adopted by the FDOT and how the new signal timing might …
The Effect Of Building Information Modeling On Design And Construction Industry, Yahya Alassaf
The Effect Of Building Information Modeling On Design And Construction Industry, Yahya Alassaf
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Construction industry's evolution is, historically, in the lowest level, if compared to other industries, such as auto manufacturing. Construction is a multidisciplinary industry, considering that designers, contractors, and owners are all involved in the same project, each one seeking their own interests. The complex environment surrounding design and construction makes the decision-makers hesitate about adopting new methodology. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a new method and technology, which can improve both the design and the construction processes. The adoption of BIM is increasing significantly over the last years, and its effects can be seen on real life projects. In order …
Sinkhole Monitoring Using Groundwater Table Data, Ton Tu
Sinkhole Monitoring Using Groundwater Table Data, Ton Tu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Florida might be one of the most sinkhole-active areas on the earth. Due to its unpredictability and significance of occurrence, the development of sinkhole monitoring techniques is imperative to minimize sinkhole-induced hazards. Several methods have been used to evaluate sinkhole risks, including destructive methods, such as Standard Penetrating Tests (SPT) and Cone Penetrating Tests (CPT), geophysical method, and sensor-based groundwater monitoring method. However, few studies are available for comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal sinkhole mechanism by combining different exploration methods under realistic experimental conditions. The objective of this study is to understand spatiotemporal sinkhole mechanism, using SPT, CPT, ground penetrating radar …
Mechanistic Behavior Of Uhpc And Uhpc Composite Structural Components, Munaf Al-Ramahee
Mechanistic Behavior Of Uhpc And Uhpc Composite Structural Components, Munaf Al-Ramahee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The resistance of reinforced concrete is mobilized through the composite action of two materials with different mechanical behaviors and physical features. Enabling the composite action requires a transfer mechanism between the concrete and the reinforcement which is referred to as bond. The bond model can be defined as a traction-slip relation tangent to the interface. The bond strength between different types of concrete, internal reinforcement, and external reinforcement has been of interest to structural engineers for decades. Experimental tests have been carried out to validate the existing bond models and introduce new bond models for special cases of concrete or …
Microscopic Safety Evaluation And Prediction For Special Expressway Facilities, Ling Wang
Microscopic Safety Evaluation And Prediction For Special Expressway Facilities, Ling Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Expressways are of great importance and serve as the backbone of a roadway system. One of the reasons why expressways increase travel speeds and provide high level of services is that limited access is provided to permit vehicles to enter or exit expressways. Entering and exiting of vehicles are accomplished through interchanges, which consist of several ramps, thus the spacing between ramps is important. A weaving segment might form when an on-ramp is closely followed by an off-ramp. The geometric design of ramps and the traffic behavior of weaving segments are different from other expressway segments. These differences result in …
Evaluating Wrong-Way Driving For Florida Interstates And Toll Road Facilities: A Risk-Based Investigation, And Countermeasure Development, John Rogers
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this dissertation was to examine wrong-way driving (WWD) events on Florida toll roads and Interstates. The universe of WWD data contains many sources of WWD events or incidents. Most of the previous research focused only on WWD crashes without considering other data such as WWD citations and 911 calls related to WWD incidents. While WWD citations and 911 calls data is abundant, this data has been largely overlooked in other studies. This dissertation provides a novel and holistic approach for evaluating WWD risk, which considers other risk factors such as WWD citations and 911 calls in addition …
Evaluation Of Crash Modification Factors And Functions Including Time Trends At Intersections, Jung-Han Wang
Evaluation Of Crash Modification Factors And Functions Including Time Trends At Intersections, Jung-Han Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traffic demand has increased as population increased. The US population reached 313,914,040 in 2012 (US Census Bureau, 2015). Increased travel demand may have potential impact on roadway safety and the operational characteristics of roadways. Total crashes and injury crashes at intersections accounted for 40% and 44% of traffic crashes, respectively, on US roadways in 2007 according to the Intersection Safety Issue Brief (FHWA, 2009). Traffic researchers and engineers have developed a quantitative measure of the safety effectiveness of treatments in the form of crash modification factors (CMF). Based on CMFs from multiple studies, the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) Part D …
Investigation Of Infrared Thermography For Subsurface Damage Detection Of Concrete Structures, Shuhei Hiasa
Investigation Of Infrared Thermography For Subsurface Damage Detection Of Concrete Structures, Shuhei Hiasa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Deterioration of road infrastructure arises from aging and various other factors. Consequently, inspection and maintenance have been a serious worldwide problem. In the United States, degradation of concrete bridge decks is a widespread problem among several bridge components. In order to prevent the impending degradation of bridges, periodic inspection and proper maintenance are indispensable. However, the transportation system faces unprecedented challenges because the number of aging bridges is increasing under limited resources, both in terms of budget and personnel. Therefore, innovative technologies and processes that enable bridge owners to inspect and evaluate bridge conditions more effectively and efficiently with less …