Civil Engineering Commons^™

Effect Of Leaching On The Strength Properties Of A Hydrated Lime-Cement Stabilized Soil., Yurdakul Osman Ulugonul

Masters Theses

"The stabilization of soil has been carried on since early historic times. The Romans used lime and volcanic ash as additives for this purpose. After the discovery of cement and its property of bonding soil particles it became one of the essential additives in the soil stabilization field. Many other kinds of additives have been developed and are being used today for soil stabilization.

A question that arises through the increasing use of stabilizers in soil is whether the changes that are effected are of a temporary or permanent nature. Changes may occur from the degradation of the stabilized soil …

Deflections Of Two-Way Slabs, Gerald C. Godzwon

Masters Theses

"A reinforced concrete member is by no means a truly elastic member, hence all ordinary deflection calculations relating to it, whichever method, are approximate. By the use of model study actual reinforced concrete slab models, of different end conditions, were built and tested for deflections under uniform loadings. Theoretical and actual deflection of reinforced concrete slabs are compared. The results of these tests indicate that the theoretical deflection equations may be 60 to 80 percent in error when applied to reinforced concrete slabs"--Abstract, page 2.

Effects Of Co2 On The Strength Of Lime Treated Clay Soil, Tuncer Karakurt

Masters Theses

“A large number of the difficulties encountered in highway work are due to the variable nature of soils. In addition to its variable nature, soil is a difficult material to deal with because of the complexity of its physical and chemical properties. From prehistoric times the construction of a satisfactory foundation has been one of the greatest problems facing the engineer and builder. Even though the needs of scientific methods were necessary far earlier, the study of soils as a construction material was scientifically given attention to only during the last three decades. Soil science being so young there are …

The Evaluation Of The Influence Of Large Aggregate On The Permeability Of Single-Grained Soils, Edward Clayton Grubbs

Masters Theses

"Each year many earth fill structures are designed and built with the primary purpose of impounding water. As these structures are only relatively impervious, engineers must consider the control of seepage in design. In order to predict seepage, the engineer must have knowledge of the potential flow or water through the earthen structure. He is, therefore, faced with the problem of determining a coefficient of permeability for use in design calculations.

The coefficient of permeability is easily enough determined for fine-grained materials. However, in construction it is very rare to find proper fill material which does not include quite a …

A Method Of Design For Spiral Reinforced, Eccentrically Loaded, Concrete Columns, Lloyd O. Senter

Masters Theses

"This thesis presents a method of designing spiral reinforced, eccentrically loaded, concrete columns on the basis of the 1957 American Association of State Highway Officials specifications.

Equations from AASHO, in conjunction with equations derived in this thesis, are programmed for and solved by the IBM 650 digital computer. The data obtained from the computer is plotted such that, given the normal load and moment on a column, the minimum required area or reinforcing steel may be read directly from the graph.

The derivation or equations, the computer program, and the graphs are included in the thesis"--Introduction, page 1.

A Study Of The Inlet Characteristics And Entrance Losses Of Pipe Culvert With A Flush Mounted, Sharp Edged Inlet, Luke Lea Callaway Jr.

Masters Theses

"Of all hydraulic structures, culverts are by far the most numerous. Lack of understanding of the functioning of culverts has resulted in many of them being implaced improperly and as a result, they function with less efficiency and at reduced capacity. Much has been written regarding the flow of water in open channels, culverts included, but little has been done regarding inlet conditions. It is necessary in the design of culverts, as with any other structure, that conditions which govern the operation of the structure be established. This paper is a study of the inlet conditions of a circular cross …

A Study Of The Feasibility Of Stabilizing Putman Soil With Hydrated Lime And Portland Cement In Combination, John Henry Kern

Masters Theses

"This paper is the report of a feasibility study of the combined use of hydrated lime and portland cement to stabilize the troublesome Putnam soil of northern Missouri. In its natural state, this soil is highly plastic, possesses great shrinkage and swell characteristics when the moisture content is changed and is classified as an A-7-5 soil by the A. A. S. H. O. Standards for the Classification of Highway Subgrade Materials.

During the course of this investigation, the following tests were performed: (1) Moisture-Density Relationships for soil with admixtures; (2) Triaxial Compression Test; (3) Unconfined Compression Tests; (4) Freeze-Thaw Tests; …

A Study Of The Reaction Of Hydrated Lime With Pure Clay (Kaolin) In Clay Stabilization, Chiyyarath Velayudhan Girijavallabhan

Masters Theses

"The work presented is the investigation of the reaction of pure Kaolinite clay with hydrated lime in clay stabilization. Pure Kaolin clay, ranging from one micron to five microns in size, was mixed with calcium hydroxide in the form of a paste. These mixtures were permitted to react for varying periods of time. An attempt was made to separate the lime from clay lime mixture by density separation using a mixed solution of carbon tetrachloride and tetrabromoethane. Since the above method failed because of the formation of a yellow gelatinous suspension, the lime was removed by washing the clay lime …

Investigation Of Economic Design Procedure For A Rigid Frame, Richard S. Groner

Masters Theses

"This work presents an analysis of various arrangements of component parts of a rigid frame. From this analysis a procedure is indicated for a logical choice of member sizes for a first trial selection of a frame for given loading conditions. The first trial solution yields a frame which is in the range of an economical design"--Abstract, page 2.

The Conducting Sheet Analogy For Laplace And Poisson Equations, Ronald Edward Volker

Masters Theses

"This investigation determined the accuracy to be expected with conducting sheet analogy solutions for Laplace and Poisson equations using simple and relatively inexpensive instrumentation. Several problems were solved experimentally and compared to known theoretical solutions to check variables in the technique and the accuracy of the experimental solution. It was found that if proper procedures are followed, solutions can be obtained rather rapidly and with an error of less than 5% which compares favorably with accuracy obtained by other investigators with more complex, precise equipment"--Abstract, page 2.

Effect Of A Lime-Cement Additive On The Physical Properties Of A Podzolic Clay Soil, Raymond H. Frankenberg

Masters Theses

"The object of this research is to obtain data and information from laboratory tests concerning the effect of combined lime and cement additives on the physical properties of illitic clay soils"--Introduction, page 3.

Properties Of Air-Entrained Concrete At Early Ages, Ugur Ozoguz

Masters Theses

"This study, entitled "Properties of Air-Entrained Concrete at Early Ages" concerns a group of tests designed to provide quantitative information regarding the effect of entrained air on the strength and durability of concrete before it reaches its 28 day strength.

Experiences in the field and laboratories have demonstrated that the addition of a moderate amount of air to any concrete mix will bring a marked increase in resistance to the disintegrating effects of freezing and thawing.

There have been extensive studies made on the subject of durability of air entrained concrete. Most of these studies were based on the effect …

Design Of Vierendeel Trusses, Richard Denis Pearson

Masters Theses

"The Vierendeel Truss, or Rigid Frame Truss, was first introduced by Professor Arthur Vierendeel in Belgium at the beginning of the century. The Vierendeel Truss differs from the more common triangulated truss in that it contains no diagonal members. The members of the truss are joined rigidly together and each member is required to transmit bending, shear and direct stress.

Professor Vierendeel claimed that Vierendeel Trusses are 20 to 30 percent cheaper than the conventional type of truss. This statement has been challenged by many who believe that this type of truss is fundamentally inferior to the more conventional type. …

The Effects Of Fly-Ash On Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticity Of A Concrete Mortar, Bill L. Atchley

Masters Theses

"Over the last few years an increasing amount of interest has been shown in the use of prestressed concrete. As is true in many new methods of design or construction, the properties of existing materials to be used sometimes fail to meet all the desirable characteristics, and certain modifications might be advantageous. This is certainly true of prestressed concrete design and construction, in which a lower modulus of elasticity accompanied by a minimum loss in strength would be desirable. If a lower modulus of elasticity could be obtained for concrete, a lower prestressing load could be used and still maintain …

Stabilization Of Swelling Clay Soil By Additions Of Calcium Hydroxide And Calcium Oxide, Anthony Diler

Masters Theses

"As a study of all types of stabilization would be very lengthy, it was decided to make the object of this research the determination of the effect of the addition of different percentages of calcium oxide (CaO) and calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ on the physical characteristics of a silty swelling sodium montmorillionite clay. The purpose of this addition is to flocculate the clay by utilizing a base exchange between the sodium and calcium ions, and thus change the physical characteristics of the soil. The soil by itself has the characteristics of a fat clay, that is it can be broken …

Field Application Of The Membrane Filter Method For Bacteriological Quality Determination Of Water, Charles Liston Gambill

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the definite advantages to be realized when using the membrane filter method as an accepted procedure for the bacteriological analysis of a water; and specifically when used under emergency or field conditions such as military units in the field. These same advantages would apply to Civil Defense and other such agencies when operating under emergency or field conditions.

Data from actual tests showing techniques, equipment and procedures used and augmented by other data available from research papers will be utilized"--Introduction, page 2.

Design Of Plain Concrete Runways And Taxiways Of A Class 4 Airport, Erkmen Erkmen

Masters Theses

"This thesis is a study for determining the most economical design for the pavements of Adana Airport. It is a study of redesigning efficient and safe runways and necessary taxiways for a future service life of thirty years.

Adana is Turkey’s 6th largest city. It is a growing city. An airport in Adana also serves tor industrial purposes, serves for transcontinental airway systems. In Adana there is an important Nato Base and in a future war such an airport can be used for military purposes. For these reasons, it was decided to construct a class 4 airport* for the city. …

Structural Analysis By Minimum Strain Energy Methods, John B. Heagler

Professional Degree Theses

"Analysis of structure has its conception for the engineer early in his formal education and follows a set sequency from solving for equilibrium in simple beams and free bodies to more complicated solutions for stresses and deflections in multiply redundant structures.

Difficulty arises for the engineer when he loses the sequence of the subject and finds himself memorizing formulas and methods of solution without a clear and concise understanding of the underlying fundamental principles involved in arriving at these formulae and methods of solution.

The Aircraft Structural Analyst finds himself in a relatively new field of engineering structural design. Here …

Effect Of Concrete Shrinkage On Stresses In Reinforcing Steel, C. Raymond Nowacki

Masters Theses

"Shrinkage is one of four phenomena that are considered as causing volume changes in concrete, the other three being creep, temperature change effects, and possible chemical disintegration. While all four are interrelated, the volume change due to loss of moisture is associated with the term shrinkage. Creep is the time-dependent change in volume resulting from external loads. A rise or fall of temperature will produce an expansion or contraction of concrete but also will affect the rate of shrinkage by increasing or decreasing the rate of moisture evaporation from the surface of the concrete.

In the design of concrete structures, …

Effect Of Hydrated Lime And Portland Cement On The Physical Properties Of Clay Soil For Highway Base Construction, Judson Leong

Masters Theses

"The intent of this research is to determine the change in physical properties of a clay soil caused by the addition of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 percent of hydrated lime and portland cement. The effects of these admixtures on the physical properties of the soil were observed by comparing the results of various laboratory tests. The properties chosen for comparison were: (1) liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index; (2) shrinkage limit and shrinkage ratio; (3) density and optimum moisture; (4) resistance to penetration; (5) compressive strength and (6) cohesion and angle of internal friction. In order to …

Physical Properties Of Concrete At Early Ages, Karl H. Dunn

Masters Theses

"There are well over 100,000 miles of concrete pavements existing today on our United States highway system. The development of these pavements during the first half of this century has been a process of learning from construction applications and mistakes. However, the unexpected increase in traffic load has brought highway designers to experiment with relatively new types and designs of concrete pavement construction.

Some designers, in an effort to reduce temperature warping stresses, have used short slabs 10 to 15 feet in length, generally unreinforced. Another type of construction is the definitely jointed slabs, the slabs being from 20 to …

A Determination Of The Sonic Modulus Of Early Age Concrete, William Dale Nelson

Masters Theses

"The problem which the writer is analyzing in this thesis was suggested by Professor E. W. Carlton of the Civil Engineering Department. It is a determination, by use of sonic testing equipment, of the growth in the sonic modulus of early age concrete.

Since 1938 when T. C. Powers published his paper, "Measuring Young's Modulus of Elasticity by Means of Sonic Vibrations", in the proceedings of the American Society of Testing Materials, Vol. 38, Part II, a great deal of work has been done on the applications of sonic testing of concrete. It began a new era in concrete testing, …

A Comparative Determination Of Weld Shearing Values In Welded Wire Reinforcement Fabric, Ernest Charles Kobs

Masters Theses

"At the suggestion of Professor E. W. Carlton, Chairman, Civil Engineering Department, Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, the author selected as subject for research thesis, “A Comparative Determination of Weld Shear Values in Welded Wire Reinforcement Fabric”.

In 1948, the Wire Reinforcement Institute initiated a research program to measure the actual stresses, including weld shear stresses, that occur in Welded Wire Fabric when used as reinforcement in a concrete slab. A great majority of this research was under the supervision of Professor Carlton.

The results of these investigations indicated a wide variation in strength of welds. As a means …

Investigation Of Plastic Deformation In Prestressed Concrete Slabs From Long Time Loading, Joe B. Roberts

Masters Theses

"It is the purpose of this research to investigate the creep in a thin concrete slab under a long-time prestress load with the compressive load being applied to the edge of the slab through a bearing plate of small dimensions.

Seven plain concrete slabs, 3' x 4' x 4", approximately one year old, made of normal cement and approved aggregate were subjected to the following loading conditions: (1) Three slabs loaded at the center of the greater dimension with a prestress load or 20,000 pounds applied over an area of eight square inches, (2) Three slabs loaded symmetrically at six …

Filter Materials For Emergency Use In Diatomite Type Water Filters, Robert Wassell Mcleane

Masters Theses

"A completely different type of filter, using diatomaceous earth as the filter media, had been in use for many years for filtration of industrial liquids, however, the use of diatomaceous earth for water filtration purposes had been discouraged due to the rapid clogging of the filter material. "As late as 1930 it was reported that the very excellence of filtration with diatomite prevented its extensive use in water filtration except where complete elimination of bacteria and suspended matter is essential.”

Diatomaceous earth, however, seemed to exhibit the general properties the research groups were seeking; in the refined state it exhibited …

Investigation Of Length Changes And Warping In Thin Prestressed Pavements, Wilbur D. Stites

Masters Theses

"The present growth of the American highway system presents a staggering problem to the highway designer. The increased and urgent demand for more highways, capable of accommodating traffic loads that are constantly increasing, combined with the increased construction cost of highways, behooves the present day highway designer to envision future highway problems that will arise. These future problems are numerous and complex; however, it seems the primary problem is the selection of a surfacing material that will withstand projected traffic loads with a maximum economy of construction and future maintenance costs. Concrete at the present time is the most satisfactory …

Creep Characteristics Of Thin Prestressed Concrete Slabs, Wayne F. Alch

Masters Theses

"Prestressed concrete as a structural material is finding wider usage in the United States today. Until recently, economic factors have precluded the use of prestressed concrete in this country, while Europe became the leader in discovering new uses and applications in construction for the material. As new methods are developed in this country, more engineers and contractors are discovering that prestressed concrete is, in many ways, far superior to plain or reinforced concrete. In line with this awakening the Missouri Highway Department is carrying on research to determine the feasibility of prestressed concrete for highway slabs. This study is a …

Physical Properties Of Concrete At Early Ages, Curtis E. Weddle Jr.

Masters Theses

"The introduction of the motor vehicle and the subsequent rapid expansion of the highway systems of the United States have brought with them many problems.

The Civil Engineer, in his attempts to provide adequate safe avenues of travel for the populace, has been faced with many problems. Handicapped by the need for speed in design and lack of information of the trends in motor vehicle design, the engineer has been forced at times to utilize design methods inconsistent with good engineering practices.

Of the many types of pavement sections which have been designed in an effort to provide structurally and …

Investigation Of Length Changes In Prestressed Concrete Slabs With Outside Exposures, John Best

Masters Theses

"In general, pavements may be classed as being either rigid or flexible. The term “rigid pavement”, as commonly used in the United States, is applied only to wearing surfaces constructed of portland-cement concrete. All other types of pavements are classed as “flexible”. A pavement constructed of portland-cement concrete is assumed to possess considerable flexural strength which will permit it to act as a beam and allow it to bridge any minor irregularities which may occur in the base on which it rests, hence the term “rigid”….

In view of the experience and information gathered in over 50 years of road …

The Correlation Of Kelly Ball Penetration Readings With Standard Slump Cone Readings For Concrete Made From Missouri Aggregates, James Claude Rives

Masters Theses

"The ASTM standard slump test as set forth in ASTM Designation: C143-52, has been used for many years in concrete construction tor measuring the consistency of plastic concrete. Slump tests taken in the laboratory are considered reasonably accurate; however, there are numerous disadvantages in performing these tests in the field; the most serious being the time required to make a test on pavement work. The standard slump cone method is also subject to personal differences in sampling, rigidity and smoothness of base, dampening the apparatus, filling the cone, rodding, raising the cone, freedom from jarring and selection of point to …