Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Parameters Study On Durability Of Substation Structure Of Multi-Tower Suspension Bridge, Qin Xiao, Pan Ji, Xiao Rucheng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Substation structures are important components of the bridge structure, and their durability will affect the service life of the overall bridge structure. Since the overall structure of a multi-tower suspension bridge is more flexible with larger deformation, and the cumulative displacement at the substation structure is also larger, the durability problem of the substation structure is more prominent under multi-tower suspension bridges. To qualitatively analyze the influence of the structural parameters of the bridge structure (including tower-beam connection and cable-beam connection methods) on the durability of the substation structure, this paper built a finite element model of a four-tower suspension …

Utilizing Waste Latex Paint Toward Improving The Performance Of Concrete, Mohamed Leithy, Eslam Gomaa, Ahmed A. Gheni, Mohamed Elgawady

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, incorporating the waste latex paint (WLP) into the conventional concrete as a partial replacement of sand to improve its durability was investigated. The fresh and hardened characterizations, in addition to the durability of concrete, were examined. The slump test was used to evaluate the fresh properties, while the hardened properties were evaluated through the volume of voids and absorption rate, in addition to the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths tests. The durability performance was evaluated by the surface resistivity, bulk electrical resistivity, as well as freeze and thaw resistance tests. The results showed a reduction in …

Evaluating The Permeability Of Porous Aggregate Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity-Based Measurements, Ariel Miguel Mendez Aragoncillo

Theses and Dissertations

Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and lightweight aggregates (LWA) are popular alternative aggregates for concrete. However, due to their highly porous structure, concrete with RCA and LWA shows a different microstructure and higher permeability than conventional concrete. Thus, the existing relationships used to evaluate the permeability and, consequently, the durability of concrete are not applicable in concretes with RCA and LWA. This research examined the permeation properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) and lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). The relationships between electrical resistivity-based measurements in RAC and LWAC and their permeation properties were determined and compared to that of normal weight aggregate …

Alkali-Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials, Craig Newtson, Judit M. Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad

Data

Over the past few decades, Class F fly ash has been widely used in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) due, in part, to its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry shifts towards renewable sources, resulting in the closure of coal-burning power plants. Therefore, there is a growing need to find alternatives to fly ash that are both cost effective and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), metakaolin, and a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite …

Accelerated Sulfate Attack Testing For Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo, Federico Aguayo

Data

Extensive research has been conducted on sulfate attack of concrete structures, however, the need to adopt use of more sustainable materials is driving a need for a quicker test method to assess sulfate resistance. Class F fly ash, which is a byproduct of coal combustion for electricity generation, has historically been used in concrete mixtures to improve sulfate resistance. However, environmental considerations and evolving energy industry has decreased its availability, requiring the identification of economically viable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. Another challenge in addressing sulfate attack durability issues in concrete is that the standard sulfate attack test …

Alkali-Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials, Craig Newtson, Judit M. Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad

Publications

Over the past few decades, Class F fly ash has been widely used in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) due, in part, to its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry shifts towards renewable sources, resulting in the closure of coal-burning power plants. Therefore, there is a growing need to find alternatives to fly ash that are both cost effective and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), metakaolin, and a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite …

Accelerated Sulfate Attack Testing For Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo, Federico Aguayo

Publications

Extensive research has been conducted on sulfate attack of concrete structures, however, the need to adopt use of more sustainable materials is driving a need for a quicker test method to assess sulfate resistance. Class F fly ash, which is a byproduct of coal combustion for electricity generation, has historically been used in concrete mixtures to improve sulfate resistance. However, environmental considerations and evolving energy industry has decreased its availability, requiring the identification of economically viable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. Another challenge in addressing sulfate attack durability issues in concrete is that the standard sulfate attack test …

A New Generation Of Dense-Graded Asphalt Mixtures With Superior Performance Against Stripping And Moisture Damage, Mostafa Elseifi, Zahid Hossain, Md. T.A Sarkar, Hossam Abohamer, Mohammad Oyan

Data

The presence of moisture beneath the pavement surface is a matter of great concerns as it is responsible for significant distresses such as asphalt concrete (AC) stripping, fatigue cracking, rutting, and poor durability of asphalt mixes. The objective of this study was to evaluate and recommend an asphalt mixture design that would provide superior performance against AC stripping and cracking. To achieve this objective, a laboratory test factorial was developed to evaluate the use of nanomaterials, emerging anti-stripping agents, warm-mix asphalt technologies, and adhesion promotors. In the experimental program, the modified Lottman test (AASHTO T 283) and the Indirect Tensile …

A New Generation Of Dense-Graded Asphalt Mixtures With Superior Performance Against Stripping And Moisture Damage, Mostafa Elseifi, Zahid Hossain, Md. T.A. Sarkar, Hossam Abohamer, Mohammad Oyan

Publications

The presence of moisture beneath the pavement surface is a matter of great concerns as it is responsible for significant distresses such as asphalt concrete (AC) stripping, fatigue cracking, rutting, and poor durability of asphalt mixes. The objective of this study was to evaluate and recommend an asphalt mixture design that would provide superior performance against AC stripping and cracking. To achieve this objective, a laboratory test factorial was developed to evaluate the use of nanomaterials, emerging anti-stripping agents, warm-mix asphalt technologies, and adhesion promotors. In the experimental program, the modified Lottman test (AASHTO T 283) and the Indirect Tensile …

Corrosion Performance Of Carbon And Galvanized Steel In Calcium Silicate Cement, Maria Cardoso

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The concrete manufacturing industry has faced challenges with reducing carbon dioxide emissions as it currently produces about 8% of the world’s anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. With global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations being higher than ever, the solution is urgent. Due to this, a more sustainable type of concrete has been proposed.Calcium silicate cement (CSC) composed of essentially the same raw materials as ordinary portland cement (OPC) cures through the consumption of carbon dioxide rather than hydration like OPC. CSC is being explored as a potential alternative to OPC, however, there is little to no information on its corrosion related durability. …

Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials In Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, Gregory J, Gonzales, William K. Toledo, Judit M. Garcia

Data

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging material with remarkable mechanical and durability properties that contains large amounts of cementitious materials. Silica fume is a main supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in UHPC, however, it is more expensive than cement and other SCMs, so it is often substituted with inexpensive class F fly ash. Unfortunately, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry moves toward renewable energy. Fly ash shortages create an urgent need to find cost-effective and environmentally-friendly alternatives for fly ash. This study investigated replacing cement, fly ash, and silica fume in UHPC mixtures with ground …

Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials In Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, Gregory J. Gonzales, William K. Toledo, Judit M. Garcia

Publications

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging material with remarkable mechanical and durability properties that contains large amounts of cementitious materials. Silica fume is a main supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in UHPC, however, it is more expensive than cement and other SCMs, so it is often substituted with inexpensive class F fly ash. Unfortunately, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry moves toward renewable energy. Fly ash shortages create an urgent need to find cost-effective and environmentally-friendly alternatives for fly ash. This study investigated replacing cement, fly ash, and silica fume in UHPC mixtures with ground …

Evaluation Of The Chloride Ions Penetration Into Concrete Structure With The Surface Penetrants Served In Cold Marine Environment For 20 Years, Yanhua Kuang, Yuki Sakoi Associate Professor, Naoto Takashima Postgraduate, Minoru Aba Professor, Yoichi Tsukinaga Professor,

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The intrusion of chloride ions in concrete served in the marine environment is the leading cause of corrosion of steel bars. This paper examined the result of a long-term survey on the actual structure (the Tomakomai breakwater) treated with a set of penetrants partly. The survey was conducted twice, in the 12th and 20th years after construction.

The results showed that the penetrants could effectively reduce the penetration of chloride ions into concrete. After using the penetrants, the calculated surface chloride ion concentration was decreased by 5.04%/72.18% (the 12th year/the 20th year). As the service years increase, surface chloride ion …

Production Of Low-Cost Self-Consolidating Concrete (Scc) Using Manufactured Aggregates, Rabab Raydan, Farah Chamseddine, Ali Jahami, Oussama Baalbaki, Jamal Khatib, Adel Elkordi

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Limitations to the sources of aggregates and the unavailability of sand is becoming a problematic issue for concrete production. A novel technology of manufactured aggregates can produce well graded round aggregates that can substitute natural aggregates while maintaining the same characteristics needed and preserving the resources. Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) using manufactured aggregates is assessed in this experimental work to understand the variability of workability properties and mechanical properties with the changes in w/c ratio and percentages of Coarse Aggregates and Manufactured Sand to Natural Sand in order to choose the best mixture that satisfies an adequate overall performance. Targeting compressive …

Designs Of Abrasion Resistant And Durable Concrete Pavements Made With Scms For Cold Climates, Diane Murph, Jun Liu, Jenny Liu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Rutting from studded tire wear is a typical pavement distress in cold climates such as that of Alaska and other northern states. Current state-of-the-art advancements in material technology and concrete pavement design have allowed for implementation of improved materials and concrete pavement sections that are more resistant to rutting. The addition of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) has been identified as one effective way to produce concrete pavements with better abrasion resistance. The objective of this study was to identify and develop concrete pavement mix designs containing SCMs that can provide excellent abrasion resistance and durability to address rutting from studded …

Development, Characterization, And Modeling Of Physical, Mechanical, And Durability Properties Of Sustainable Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Tawsif M. Hasan

ETD Archive

Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is an advanced concrete material with superior mechanical strength, high tensile ductility, and exceptional durability, including negligible permeability. Despite these excellent material properties, the use of UHPC in structural applications is limited because of the high cost of commercially available UHPC products. Therefore, developing non-proprietary UHPC mixtures using local materials is a viable way to reduce the initial cost of UHPC. In this research, sustainable and cost-effective UHPC mixtures were developed using locally sourced materials so that UHPC may be more affordable to a wider variety of applications. Specifically, locally available Type I-II cement, local sand …

Durability Properties Of Concrete With 100 Percent Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates, Tasnia Tarannum Khan

Theses and Dissertations

The supplies of concrete aggregates from natural sources are rapidly reducing. Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) are produced by crushing the concrete obtained from demolished concrete structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the durability properties of concrete with 100% recycled concrete coarse aggregates and relate the durability of such concrete to the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of RCA and the RCA parent concrete. The correlations of several properties are determined by developing model equations to predict RCA properties. The parent concrete is crushed and graded at two nominal maximum sizes, 1" and 0.75", to determine the RCA …

Durability Of Concrete Produced With Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Material, Craig Newtson, Brad Weldon, Judit Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo

Data

Historically, Class F fly ash has been chosen as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete for its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain because the energy industry has been investing in renewable energy production and removing coal burning generating stations from operation. Consequently, there is a growing need to find new, cost effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. This study investigated a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite deposit near Espanola, NM for its ability to mediate ASR. Concrete and mortar mixtures included SCM contents ranging from …

Durability Of Concrete Produced With Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Material, Craig Newtson, Brad Weldon, Judit Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo

Publications

Historically, Class F fly ash has been chosen as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete for its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain because the energy industry has been investing in renewable energy production and removing coal burning generating stations from operation. Consequently, there is a growing need to find new, cost effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. This study investigated a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite deposit near Espanola, NM for its ability to mediate ASR. Concrete and mortar mixtures included SCM contents ranging from …

Evaluation Of Alternative Sources Of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (Scms) For Concrete Materials In Transportation Infrastructure, Gabriel A. Arce, Miladin Radovic, Zahid Hossain, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi

Data

Fly ash is the most utilized supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in the US. Nonetheless, rapid decline in coal-fired power generation threatens its supply. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative SCMs for concrete transportation infrastructure in Region 6. SCMs investigated included reclaimed fly ash (RFA), reclaimed ground bottom ash (GBA), metakaolin (MK), and conventional Class F fly ash (FA) as a reference. SCMs were characterized and the fresh and hardened properties of concrete incorporating different dosages (i.e., 10, 20, and 30% cement replacement by mass) of the individual SCMs (i.e., binary systems) and blended SCM systems of RFA-MK …

Evaluation Of Alternative Sources Of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (Scms) For Concrete Materials In Transportation Infrastructure, Gabriel A. Arce, Miladin Radovic, Zahid Hossain, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi

Publications

Fly ash is the most utilized supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in the US. Nonetheless, rapid decline in coal-fired power generation threatens its supply. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative SCMs for concrete transportation infrastructure in Region 6. SCMs investigated included reclaimed fly ash (RFA), reclaimed ground bottom ash (GBA), metakaolin (MK), and conventional Class F fly ash (FA) as a reference. SCMs were characterized and the fresh and hardened properties of concrete incorporating different dosages (i.e., 10, 20, and 30% cement replacement by mass) of the individual SCMs (i.e., binary systems) and blended SCM systems of RFA-MK …

Corrosion Propagation Of Stainless Steel Reinforced Concrete, Nelly Sofía Orozco Martínez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Structural durability is a growing concern in global infrastructure. The infrastructure report card released by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) indicates that approximately 9.1% of the total bridges in the United States were structurally deficient in 2016. In addition, it suggests that about 40% of the total bridges in the country are now 50 years or older. This issue becomes even more critical in structures exposed to aggressive environments such as marine structures. Thus, federal and regional efforts are now being directed towards infrastructural durability improvement to improve the long-term cost-efficiency of civil infrastructure.

Corrosion prevention strategies may …

Corrosion Durability Service Life Of Calcium Silicate-Based Reinforced Concrete, Carolina Páez Jiménez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Corrosion of reinforcing steel is a major area of study for assessing durability of reinforced concrete infrastructure. Conventional concrete infrastructure designs use ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as the primary cementitious material. However, the world's current challenge to achieve sustainable development requires the cement industry to reduce its environmental impact, as it is responsible for 8% of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Hence, a new type of cement has been developed. This novel calcium silicate cement (CSC) reduces the carbon dioxide emissions during its manufacturing process as compared to OPC, providing an environmentally-sound alternative for reinforced concrete fabrication.

Corrosion of steel reinforcement …

An Experimental Study On Concrete’S Durability And Mechanical Characteristics Subjected To Different Curing Regimes, Edgar L.S. Borrero, Visar Farhangi, Kazem Jadidi, Moses Karakouzian

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

Considering a constant demand in construction of concrete structures to develop novel approaches for predicting the concert’s properties, a host of investigations were performed on concrete’s mechanical properties and durability under various curing regimes. However, few studies were concerned with evaluating the concrete’s durability using non-destructive concrete surface resistivity tests by applying various curing conditions. The present study compares the influence of different curing regimes on durability and compressive strength of concrete to recommend the most effective curing conditions on concrete’s characteristics. Five curing conditions including ambient, laboratory, dry oven, wet oven and 7-days were analyzed. Accordingly, a non-destructive concrete …

Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bar Investigation: Long-Term In-Situ Durability And Bond Strength Assessment In Conventional And Sustainable Concrete, Ali Fadhil Al-Khafaji

Doctoral Dissertations

"Corrosion of steel reinforcement and carbon dioxide emissions are two major global problems. Different methods, techniques, and materials have been implemented to mitigate these problems. Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar presents itself as a solid alternative to replace conventional steel reinforcement owing to its fantastic features in resisting corrosion. Its demand is progressively increasing. Cement-based concrete, on the other hand, is not eco-friendly due to the excessive amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions yielded from its cement production. One of the alternatives used to mitigate the use of cement in concrete is fly ash. Fly ash is considered …

The Impact Of Grinding Time On Properties Of Cement Mortar Incorporated High Volume Waste Paper Sludge Ash, Ali A. Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Mohammed S. Nasr, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Khalid S. Hashim

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cement is considered a base material in preparing blending mixtures that applying in various projects in the civil engineering field. Nevertheless, the cement production process cause indubitable negative environmental influences such as emitting CO₂. The production of cement produces around 7% of the global CO₂ emissions. Thus, searching for alternate binders in building processes to minimise or substitute cement has been one of the social problems. A by-product or waste products are among the potential alternatives to the mentioned problem. The present investigation involves the consumption of paper sludge ash (PSA) waste as cement replacement to produce …

Moisture Monitoring Of A Clt Structure In A Southern Climate, Elizabeth Poblete

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Understanding of moisture behavior in cross laminated timber (CLT) is critical to the widespread use of CLT in construction in the United States. Currently, very little data exists on the long-term impact of moisture on CLT. The objective of this research is to collect data regarding the long-term moisture variation in the CLT panel at the University of Arkansas Adohi Hall residence hall. The climate of Northwest Arkansas is different from previously monitored buildings, as they were in the Pacific Northwest. Comparatively, Northwest Arkansas has a warmer climate with higher average annual precipitation. Waterproofing efforts are usually employed to prevent …

Evaluation Of Bagasse Ash As Cement And Sand Replacement For The Production Of Engineered Cementitious Composites (Ecc), Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi, Ana Rivas, Samantha Hidalgo, Hugo Eguez

Data

The objective of this study was to develop novel Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) materials implementing sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). To this end, the effects on the mechanical and physical properties of ECC materials of: (1) Louisiana raw SCBA (RBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S mixtures); (2) Louisiana post-processed SCBA (PBA) as a partial replacement of cement (i.e., class C mixtures); and (3) Ecuador raw SCBA (EBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S-E mixtures) were studied. Sand replacement levels with RBA and EBA evaluated were 25, 50, 75, and 100% …

Evaluation Of Bagasse Ash As Cement And Sand Replacement For The Production Of Engineered Cementitious Composites (Ecc), Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi, Ana Rivas, Samantha Hidalgo, Hugo Eguez

Publications

The objective of this study was to develop novel Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) materials implementing sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). To this end, the effects on the mechanical and physical properties of ECC materials of: (1) Louisiana raw SCBA (RBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S mixtures); (2) Louisiana post-processed SCBA (PBA) as a partial replacement of cement (i.e., class C mixtures); and (3) Ecuador raw SCBA (EBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S-E mixtures) were studied. Sand replacement levels with RBA and EBA evaluated were 25, 50, 75, and 100% …

Durability And Prediction Of Long-Term Performance Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Cfrp) Laminates Under Environmental Conditions, Eyad Alsuhaibani

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Strengthening deteriorated concrete structures with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been widely validated through laboratory experiments and field tests. Questions and concerns persist related to the CFRP’s long-term performance and service life, however, thus the main objective of this research was to evaluate its durability under various environmental conditions. This research is divided into four distinct phases. In the first phase, the deterioration trends of CFRP laminate under environmental regimes were evaluated after immersion in water at 23, 45, and 60 °C for periods up to 32 weeks. In the second phase, four prediction models of the long-term performance …