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2008

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Articles 511 - 540 of 997

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

The Importance Of Field Tests And Monitoring Activity For The Remedial Measurements Coresponding To Some Old Buildings In Bucharest, Anton Chirica Aug 2008

The Importance Of Field Tests And Monitoring Activity For The Remedial Measurements Coresponding To Some Old Buildings In Bucharest, Anton Chirica

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The present paper shows the way in which by field tests such as light and standard dynamic penetrations, the effects of a deep excavation on the nearby constructions could be quantified. The consolidation works could be design taking into account the interpretation of the test results

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Time-Dependent Bearing Capacity Increase Of Uniformly Driven Tapered Piles- Field Load Test, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Hossein Ali Ahmadi Aug 2008

Time-Dependent Bearing Capacity Increase Of Uniformly Driven Tapered Piles- Field Load Test, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Hossein Ali Ahmadi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of field load tests on concrete tapered and straight-sided piles driven into a cohesive saturated ground. The piles were driven into a depth of 12 m at a close distance using diesel hammer machine. The soil profile consisted mainly of soft CL and ML in the Unified Soil Classification System. Two piles were tested initially after 35 days from the installation date using maintained load test procedure according to ASTM D1143-81. Then similar tests were performed on two piles after 289 days following the installation date. The results showed the capacities of both piles were …

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Numerical Analysis Of Drivability Of Non-Uniform Piles, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Omid Tavassoli Aug 2008

Numerical Analysis Of Drivability Of Non-Uniform Piles, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Omid Tavassoli

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents a numerical analysis of pile driving for tapered piles using FLAC software. The approach involves idealization of pile-soil system in pile drivability. The pile is assumed to be vertical and have elastic and linear behaviour. The soil is assumed to be elasto-plastic material which obeys the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. To allow slip between the pile and the soil in pile driving, interface elements are used at the pile-soil borders along the shaft and the toe. Quiet boundaries are considered in the lateral and vertical directions for the soil to absorb traveling waves. The obtained numerical results are …

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Investigation On The Liquefaction Of A Clayey-Sandy Soil During Changureh Earthquake, Mahmoud Ghahremani, Abbas Ghalandarzadeh, Kazuo Konagai Aug 2008

Investigation On The Liquefaction Of A Clayey-Sandy Soil During Changureh Earthquake, Mahmoud Ghahremani, Abbas Ghalandarzadeh, Kazuo Konagai

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An intense earthquake (MW = 6.4) occurred in western Iran, about 225 km west of Tehran at 7:28 local time, June 22, 2002. Surface soil in this area is mostly clay; however, clear traces of sand boiling, softening of soil, and consequent deformations were observed particularly in Hessar village. Some soil samples were prepared throughout an excavated pit from a depth of 2 m, the depth of the liquefied layer. The preliminary tests showed that the soil has a liquid limit of 38, a plasticity index of 18, and a < No. 200 fraction of 44%. These index characteristics would indicate a nonliquefiable soil according to the commonly used criteria. Analysis of cyclic triaxial test data suggests that the clayey sand deposit likely developed high residual excess pore pressures and significant shear strains during the earthquake and thus likely contributed to the observed lateral deformations. In this paper, different cases of observed liquefaction and consequent geotechnical phenomena are presented. Moreover, the results of laboratory tests on reconstituted samples are presented to prove how a soil with 44% of clay content could be liquefied.

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General Report — Session 4: Case Histories Of Engineering Vibrations, Vibration Control For Underground And Surface Constructions With Specific Emphasis On The Urban Environment; Predictions, Monitoring And Solutions; Blasting For Tunnels In Soft Ground And Rock, Discontinuous Rocks And Their Application To Water Resources Projects, Joel L. Volterra, Sami Arsoy Aug 2008

General Report — Session 4: Case Histories Of Engineering Vibrations, Vibration Control For Underground And Surface Constructions With Specific Emphasis On The Urban Environment; Predictions, Monitoring And Solutions; Blasting For Tunnels In Soft Ground And Rock, Discontinuous Rocks And Their Application To Water Resources Projects, Joel L. Volterra, Sami Arsoy

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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General Report — Session 11: Application Of Case Histories In Education And Practice, Sanjeev Kumar Aug 2008

General Report — Session 11: Application Of Case Histories In Education And Practice, Sanjeev Kumar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical engineers frequently use information about subsurface conditions from other projects in the area to design new projects in the vicinity. However, this information is used more in a surfacial manner rather than an integral part of project design. This session on application of case histories in education and practice has been introduced for the first time in this conference to initiate formalization of the use case histories in engineering design and training of civil engineering students. This report summarizes the papers submitted by various civil engineering educators and professional practitioners. The readers are encouraged to review the complete papers …

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Lessons Learned From Slope And Trench Failures In Japan, Yasuo Toyosawa, Sahaphol Timpong, Kazuya Itoh Aug 2008

Lessons Learned From Slope And Trench Failures In Japan, Yasuo Toyosawa, Sahaphol Timpong, Kazuya Itoh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents case histories of slope and trench failure accidents in Japan during the period of 1989 to 2001 based on the database from construction industrial labor accident reports. The major risk factors of the failures are identified by considering the location of slope and trench failures, types of construction, slope and trench geometries, scale of slope failure, time of occurrence and characteristics of worker involved in the failures. It was found that it is necessary to improve the safety standards and provide more safety education and training especially in the small construction projects to prevent the slope and …

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Landslide Investigation At Phata Village On Rudraprayag-Kedarnath Road, Uttaranchal — A Case Study, A. Ghosh, S. Sarkar, D. P. Kanungo, S. K. Jain, Dalip Kumar, Zameer Ahmed, Ashish Patra Aug 2008

Landslide Investigation At Phata Village On Rudraprayag-Kedarnath Road, Uttaranchal — A Case Study, A. Ghosh, S. Sarkar, D. P. Kanungo, S. K. Jain, Dalip Kumar, Zameer Ahmed, Ashish Patra

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Phata village on the Guptakashi-Gaurikund road in the Mandakini valley of Garhwal Himalaya was affected by a major landslide on 16th July 2001 due to heavy rainfall. The debris flow not only swept away several houses but it also claimed 15 lives. A detailed landslide investigation was carried out to assess the present stability condition. Geotechnical investigation was carried out to determine the soil properties. Seismic refraction survey to determine the overburden thickness was also carried out using Engineering Seismograph. Slope stability analysis was carried out to ascertain the existing stability of the slope. It was found that with rise …

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Measurement Of Vibration And Noise During The Installation Of Rammed Aggregate Piers, Gregg L. Fiegel, Tom M. Farrell Aug 2008

Measurement Of Vibration And Noise During The Installation Of Rammed Aggregate Piers, Gregg L. Fiegel, Tom M. Farrell

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The objective of the study was to record and evaluate ground vibration and noise generated during the installation of rammed aggregate piers (RAPs). Summarized are ground vibration and noise induced by the ramming equipment (i.e. the hydraulic break hammer and rammer) during the installation of forty-five RAPs at a single site. Data were collected during the entire installation process for each pier, which allowed for the measurement of ground vibration and noise levels for periods when the ramming equipment was positioned at different depths within the RAP. Measurements were also taken at different horizontal distances from the ramming equipment and …

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Seismic Source And Its Effect On Site Response Observed In Chilean Subductive Environment, Ramón Verdugo, César Pastén Aug 2008

Seismic Source And Its Effect On Site Response Observed In Chilean Subductive Environment, Ramón Verdugo, César Pastén

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Among other factors that influence the seismic motion resulting at the ground surface are the characteristics of the seismic source. This factor has been recognized that would affect the frequency content of the resulting motion. In this context, Chilean subductive environment provides a considerable variety of seismogenic sources allowing the study of this factor. The analysis of spectrograms of recorded earthquakes originated by different seismogenic sources at different site conditions is presented. The results indicate that in the case of shallow thrust earthquakes a predominant frequency can be observed, which agrees with the predominant frequency obtained by the H/V spectral …

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The Simplified Kzp5 Method For Soil Nail Design In Granular Soils, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa Aug 2008

The Simplified Kzp5 Method For Soil Nail Design In Granular Soils, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A lot of soil nail retaining walls in southern California are under construction. Some of them will be used as shoring systems for bridge or other kind of retaining wall constructions. Design and design review process are very time consuming, and the possibility of mistakes encourages us to find a simplified method for designing the soil nail walls. The maximum height of the soil nail walls in that region were about 14m, including 9 rows of 25mm steel rods (nails) in 150mm diameter holes with different lengths. Whole length of the drilled holes will be filled with grout after setting …

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Empirical Correlations Of Longwall Subsidence Data For The Illinois Coal Basin, Gennaro G. Marino, Mohamed Gamal, Nagesh Malyala Aug 2008

Empirical Correlations Of Longwall Subsidence Data For The Illinois Coal Basin, Gennaro G. Marino, Mohamed Gamal, Nagesh Malyala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Subsidence, mining and site data has been collected over a number of longwall panels in the Illinois Basin. Using this data, empirical correlations are attempted to various subsidence parameters, including maximum vertical and horizontal displacement, subsidence slope and curvature and horizontal strain. Also, the corresponding locations of these various subsidence characteristics are correlated to the associated site conditions. An extensive list of definitions are provided for the various subsidence parameters utilized in the paper.

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Improvement Of Soil And Rock Properties For Foundation Support For Missouri Interchange Project, Timothy J. Myers, Hristo K. Dobrev, John Szturo R. G., Wayne Duryee Aug 2008

Improvement Of Soil And Rock Properties For Foundation Support For Missouri Interchange Project, Timothy J. Myers, Hristo K. Dobrev, John Szturo R. G., Wayne Duryee

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Expansion and growth in the southwestern region of Missouri necessitated the expansion of State Route 249 and the construction of a new interchange to provide service to the Joplin, Missouri area. The project is located above a former lead and zinc mine in Jasper County, Missouri and includes a five bridge interchange connecting State Route 249 and US Route 171. The variable subsurface conditions, both natural and manmade prompted the design team to use ground improvement via grouting and small diameter micropiles to provide support for several of the bridge foundations on the project. The scope of work included mine …

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An “Unexpected” Rock Failure In A Limestone Open Pit Mine, D. Lo Presti, M. Cravero, G. Iabichino Aug 2008

An “Unexpected” Rock Failure In A Limestone Open Pit Mine, D. Lo Presti, M. Cravero, G. Iabichino

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

On 28th October 2004 a rock failure occurred in a limestone open pit quarry in Tuscany (Italy). The phenomenon evolved slowly with the collapse of about 1000 cubic meters. The complex failure mechanism mainly involved plane sliding along stratifications with rotation and block toppling. The phenomenon continued to evolve slowly and on 3rd November failure extended to the neighbouring portion of rock with a total collapse of about 5000 cubic meters of rock. Failure analysis took advantage of an accurate characterization of geology, geometry and mechanical properties of the collapsed rock mass. Such analysis led to the conclusion that the …

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Some Interesting Results About Behaviour Of Granular Media, Francesco Di Credico, P. Signanini, P. Torrese Aug 2008

Some Interesting Results About Behaviour Of Granular Media, Francesco Di Credico, P. Signanini, P. Torrese

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This study represents an attempt to clarify some anomalous behaviour found in alluvional terrains when subjected to an earthquake. Our approach to the study of granular media has been bibliographic and experimental. Despite many studies carried on this topic, this behaviour is still little understood because of the complex nature of granular media. The goal to the experimental research was at least to confirm the „anomalous“ behaviour reported in previous studies (e.g., chain of force, not-uniform distribution of pressure, etc.). In particular, this study is focused on pressure distributions and their quantification with respect to the pure granular media, and …

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The Design And Construction Of A Reinforced Embankment On Soft Compressible Soil, Gareth Swift, Russell Jones Aug 2008

The Design And Construction Of A Reinforced Embankment On Soft Compressible Soil, Gareth Swift, Russell Jones

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper centres on the design and construction of a leachate lagoon at a landfill site located in Essex, United Kingdom (UK). The lagoon is to be used for the storage of between 150,000m3 and 200,000m3 of leachate generated by the adjacent landfill site as part of its treatment process. The location of the lagoon is on the southern boundary of the site, and is bounded to the north by the landfill itself, to the east by an existing leachate treatment lagoon and to the south and west by a flood defence bund for an adjacent creek and the Thames …

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Excavation Support For The Newseum Development At 555 Pennsylvania Avenue In Washington Dc, Usa, Victor Omelchenko, Mamoud Hosseini Aug 2008

Excavation Support For The Newseum Development At 555 Pennsylvania Avenue In Washington Dc, Usa, Victor Omelchenko, Mamoud Hosseini

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Newseum consists of a 650,000 square-foot development that includes a six-level, 215,000 square-foot interactive museum of news. Also included is office space for the Newseum and Freedom Forum staff, a 9,000 square-foot conference center, more than 30,000 square feet of retail space and approximately 100 condominiums. The Newseum is located on Pennsylvania Avenue, between the U.S. Capital and the White House next to the Washington, D.C. mall and its museums and monuments. The building is supported on a mat foundation. The project is located just north of the Old Tiber Creek that was filled in the early 1800’s. Soft …

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Laboratory Seismic Wave Investigations On Improved Loess Soils As Engineered Barriers In The Radioactive Waste Repository Case, Dimitar Antonov Aug 2008

Laboratory Seismic Wave Investigations On Improved Loess Soils As Engineered Barriers In The Radioactive Waste Repository Case, Dimitar Antonov

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In connection with the operation of the Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant and the eventual start of the Belene NPP building, a construction of a National radioactive waste repository is forthcoming. The loess terrain in the Kozloduy region is among the areas considered as a prospective medium for the disposal facility. In the world radioactive waste management practice, the “multibarrier approach” for similar kind of facilities is widely spread. One of the loess soil advantages is its easy stabilization with hydraulic binders. The paper deals with the laboratory seismic waves investigations on mixtures made on the base of loess with a …

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Cratering And Blowing Soil By Rocket Engines During Lunar Landings, Philip T. Metzger, John E. Lane, Christopher D. Immer, Sandra Clements Aug 2008

Cratering And Blowing Soil By Rocket Engines During Lunar Landings, Philip T. Metzger, John E. Lane, Christopher D. Immer, Sandra Clements

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper is a summary compilation of work accomplished over the past decade at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center to understand the interactions between rocket exhaust gases and the soil of the Moon or Mars. This research is applied to a case study of the Apollo 12 landing, in which the blowing soil peppered the nearby Surveyor III spacecraft producing measurable surface damage, and to the Apollo 15 landing, in which the Lunar Module tilted backwards after landing in a crater that was obscured from sight by the blowing dust. The modeling coupled with empirical observations is generally adequate to predict …

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Underground Facilities In Loess, Dimcho Evstatiev, Yordan Evlogiev Aug 2008

Underground Facilities In Loess, Dimcho Evstatiev, Yordan Evlogiev

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The underground facilities in loess in Bulgaria have a long history. The loess represents one of the best studied geological formations, its stratigraphic and engineering geological properties being well explored. It is characterized by a thick aeration zone, reaching up to 80-100 m. After the depth of 3-4 m from the surface, low humidity and constant temperature (15-160) are maintained in it. The composition of sandy and silty loess, is dominated by quartz, while the clayey fraction contains high amount of Са2+, which determines the relatively low hydrophilicity. Moreover, loess is easily excavated, keeps vertical slopes …

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Spouse Program, Sally Prakash Aug 2008

Spouse Program, Sally Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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New Pile Instrumentation Technique For Driven And Jacked –In Prestressed Spun Concrete Piles, Haji Ali Faisal, Sieng Kai Lee Aug 2008

New Pile Instrumentation Technique For Driven And Jacked –In Prestressed Spun Concrete Piles, Haji Ali Faisal, Sieng Kai Lee

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Currently, strain gauges are normally used to monitor the shortening or compression of pile during static pile load test. For concrete spun pile, the technique used either by incorporating high temperature-resistant strain gauges into the heat-cured production process of the spun piles or by installing an instrumented steel pipe into the hollow core of the spun piles followed by cement grout infilling. The former is extremely unpopular due to high cost of these gauges and the uncertainty over their ability to survive the pile production and driving processes. The shortcoming of the other technique is the infilling of cement grout …

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Impact Of Climate Change On Irrigation Water Availability, Crop Water Requirements And Soil Salinity In The Sjv, Ca, Jan Hopmans, Edwin P. Maurer Aug 2008

Impact Of Climate Change On Irrigation Water Availability, Crop Water Requirements And Soil Salinity In The Sjv, Ca, Jan Hopmans, Edwin P. Maurer

Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering

We examine potential regional-scale impacts of global climate change on sustainability of irrigated agriculture, focusing on the western San Joaquin Valley in California. We consider potential changes in irrigation water demand and supply, and quantify impacts on cropping patterns, groundwater pumping, groundwater levels, soil salinity, and crop yields. Our analysis is based on archived output from General Circulation Model (GCM) climate projections through 2100, which are downscaled here to the scale of the study area (~30 km across). We account for uncertainty in GCM climate projections by considering output from two different GCM's, each using three greenhouse gas emission scenarios. …

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Crumb Rubber As A Sorption Medium For Ethylbenzene In Aqueous Solution, Carmen Grayson Aug 2008

Crumb Rubber As A Sorption Medium For Ethylbenzene In Aqueous Solution, Carmen Grayson

All Theses

Scrap tires have always been an environmental concern. In 2005, more than 299 million scrap tires were generated in the U.S., 259 million of which were utilized in the end-use scrap tire markets such as: tire-derived fuel generation, civil engineering applications, and ground rubber applications. The different applications and usages in the scrap tire market have helped utilize up to 87% of annually generated scrap tires in the U.S. Sixteen percent of the scrap tires were utilized in civil engineering applications in 2005 because of their beneficial properties for vibration and sound control, lightweight fill, drainage and collection for underground …

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Ccfss Technical Bulletin Fall 2008, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Aug 2008

Ccfss Technical Bulletin Fall 2008, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

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Flexural Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened With Cfrp Sheets And Epoxy Mortar, Byong Y. Bahn, Ronald S. Harichandran Aug 2008

Flexural Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened With Cfrp Sheets And Epoxy Mortar, Byong Y. Bahn, Ronald S. Harichandran

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of using epoxy mortar patch end anchorages on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. More specifically, the effect of the end anchorage on strength, deflection, flexural strain, and interfacial shear stress was examined. The test results show that premature debonding failure of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheet can be delayed or prevented by using epoxy mortar patch end anchorages. A modified analytical procedure for evaluating the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets and epoxy mortar end anchorage is developed …

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Development Of The Soil Moisture Index To Quantify Agricultural Drought And Its “User Friendliness” In Severity-Area-Duration Assessment, Venkataramana Sridhar, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Jinsheng You, Eric D. Hunt Aug 2008

Development Of The Soil Moisture Index To Quantify Agricultural Drought And Its “User Friendliness” In Severity-Area-Duration Assessment, Venkataramana Sridhar, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Jinsheng You, Eric D. Hunt

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper examines the role of soil moisture in quantifying drought through the development of a drought index using observed and modeled soil moisture. In Nebraska, rainfall is received primarily during the crop-growing season and the supply of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico determines if the impending crop year is either normal or anomalous and any deficit of rain leads to a lack of soil moisture storage. Using observed soil moisture from the Automated Weather Data Network (AWDN), the actual available water content for plants is calculated as the difference between observed or modeled soil moisture and wilting point, …

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Development Of A Freeway Incident Rating System, Jose Javier Lopez Aug 2008

Development Of A Freeway Incident Rating System, Jose Javier Lopez

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

A freeway incident rating system is proposed to classify incidents in terms of their disruptive potential to cause delays, fuel wastage, secondary accidents, and other adverse operational impacts. A two-dimensional rating scale is used which classifies incidents in terms of their severity and the number of agencies required to respond and clear incidents. Variables used in characterizing the severity include number of vehicles involved, number of lanes and shoulders blocked, time of incident occurrence, duration of incident until full clearance, and weather conditions at the time of the incident. The objective behind the development of such a rating system is …

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Studies On Volume Change Movements In High Pi Clays For Better Design Of Low Volume Pavements, Thammanoon Manosuthikij Aug 2008

Studies On Volume Change Movements In High Pi Clays For Better Design Of Low Volume Pavements, Thammanoon Manosuthikij

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Numerous low- to medium-volume roads such as Farm Market (FM) roads constructed on expansive clay subgrades, especially in the eastern and central Texas, encounter severe pavement cracking and premature loss of serviceability. The maintenance costs, in some cases, are greater than the initial construction costs. The roads built on problematic expansive soils often become distressed due to volume changes associated with seasonal moisture content fluctuations. This dissertation research was attempted to evaluate models that predict volume changes movements of the expansive or highly plastic soils and also develop new models that could provide better prediction of volume change movements in …

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Building Pressure Tests Of Fiber-Reinforced Foam-Based Lightweight Concrete Precast Wall Panels, Francheska Enid Seijo Aug 2008

Building Pressure Tests Of Fiber-Reinforced Foam-Based Lightweight Concrete Precast Wall Panels, Francheska Enid Seijo

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Instrumentation and procedures for building pressure tests were designed as a means of providing new wind pressure test methods for full-scale building models. Fiber-reinforced foam-based lightweight concrete precast wall panels were studied in this investigation. Three (3) full-scale prototype buildings were tested for this purpose. To determine the material properties and design parameters for this targeted 90 pcf (1,446 kg/m3) cellular lightweight concrete and to gain overall knowledge of its behavior, some tests such as compressive strength test, pull-out strength test, and flexural strength test were performed. The wind pressure tests performed provided results for strength, maximum wind pressure the …

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