Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Multiple Objective Structural Optimization With Genetic Algorithm And Fuzzy Logic, Franklin Y. Cheng, Dan Li, Jeffrey J.F. Ger

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a constrained multiobjecthe optimzation method in the form of a robust, practical, problem-independent algorithm, and investigates the effect of multiobjective optimization on structural design. The study includes properties and characteristics of multiobjective optimization and solutions. Design objectives, constraints, and design variables as well as their effect on structural design and behavior are investigated. Fuzzy set theory is also included to construct a fuzzy constrained environment. Two new genetic algorithm operators — multiobjective fitness function and niche method -- are proposed. A new genetic algorithm process, Pareto set filter, is added to genetic algorithms. A 10-story setback building …

The Effect Of Pipe Bursting On Nearby Utilities, Pavement, And Structures, Alan Atalah

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation has involved field and analytical studies of ground movements, ground vibrations and other design issues associated with trenchless pipe replacement (or pipe bursting, as it is commonly known). The process is used to replace an existing underground service pipe with a completely new pipe but without the disturbance and cost of excavating a trench from the surface. The process typically involves the insertion of a tool into the existing pipe that has a maximum diameter that is slightly larger than the existing pipe. This tool is used to break the existing pipe into pieces and to displace the …

Recent Research And Developments In Cold-Formed Steel Framing, Roger A. Laboube, Wei Wen Yu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent research studies at the University of Missouri-Rolla (UMR) have focused on developing a better understanding of the behavior of cold-formed steel members and truss assemblies. This research was initiated by the more widespread use of cold-formed steel in the residential construction market, and the need to provide structurally reliable, as well as highly economical design solutions. Steel trusses are commonly assembled using C-shaped sections and self-drilling screws. Based on UMR findings, appropriate design recommendations have been proposed for the web and chord members of a truss. Also of concern is the introduction of large holes in the webs of …

Evaluation Of Toxicity, Bioavailability And Speciation Of Lead, Zinc And Cadmium In Mine/Mill Wastewaters, Mujde Erten-Unal, Bobby G. Wixson, Nord L. Gale, Jerry L. Pitt

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The toxicity of common compounds of lead, cadmium and zinc was evaluated in waters similar to that found in the world's largest lead producing area in Missouri. Static, acute toxicity tests were performed using fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and water fleas (Daphnia magna) respectively. Test organisms were subjected to varying amounts of sulfide, carbonate, chloride and sulfate salts of lead, zinc and cadmium mixed in hard, alkaline waters typical to this region. Median lethal concentrations were calculated using nominal versus measured metal concentrations. Measured metal concentrations included four different metal fractionation (extraction/filtration) techniques at different pH levels which included "dissolved", …

Hybrid Control Of Seismic Structures With Optimal Placement Of Control Devices, Franklin Y. Cheng, Hongping Jiang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A theoretical study is carried out for optimal controller placement and effectiveness of a hybrid seismic response control system comprising a viscous fluid damper and a servovalve-controlled hydraulic actuator. A stochastic seismic response of controlled structures is first investigated with nonorthogonal damping and stiffness; then a statistical method for optimal placement of control devices on seismic-resistant structures is developed. With such placement, a hybrid system can achieve greater performance in that much less control force is required to reduce structural seismic response to a given level. This study also shows the hybrid system is superior to both active and passive …

Kentucky Traffic Accident Facts 1998 Report, Kentucky Transportation Center, Kentucky State Police

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

KENTUCKY’S TRAFFIC ACCIDENT FACTS report for 1998 is based on accident reports submitted to the Accident Unit housed in the Kentucky State Police Information Services Branch, Records Section. As required by Kentucky Revised statutes 189.635, “every law enforcement agency whose officers investigate a vehicle accident of which a report must be made...shall file a report of the accident...within ten days after investigation of the accident upon forms supplied by the bureau.” The stated purpose of this requirement is to utilize date on traffic accidents” for such purposes as will improve the traffic safety program in the Commonwealth.” Data contained in …

Biological Fixed-Film Systems, Mark W. Fitch, Natalie Pearson, Gene Richards, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Natural Treatment And On-Site Processes, Kevin D. White, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Contribution Of Externally Bonded Frp To Shear Capacity Of Rc Flexural Members, Ahmed Khalifa, William J. Gold, Antonio Nanni, M. I. Abdel Aziz

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are continuing to show great promise for use in strengthening reinforced concrete structures. These materials are an excellent option for use as external reinforcing because of their light weight, resistance to corrosion, and high strength. Externally bonded FRP sheets have been used to increase moment capacity of flexural members and to improve confinement in compression members. Investigations into the use of externally bonded FRP sheets for shear strengthening have also been conducted and have been shown to be viable. The objectives of this study were to review the current research on shear strengthening with FRP …

1998 Highway Cost Allocation Update: Technical Report, Samantha S. Jones, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This update of the highway cost allocation study is the eighth in a recent series begun in the early 1980's by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet and the Kentucky Transportation Center. The primary objectives were to determine the level of revenue contribution and cost responsibility for each class of highway user. The base year of the study is FY 97; the most recent time period for which revenue and cost data were available. Highway user or travel activity for calender year 1996 was the most recent available. A basic premise of the study was that only state maintained highways were of …

Truck Route Access Evaluation: Medusa Aggregates, Warren County, Site #2628, Brian Aldridge, Kenneth R. Agent, Lisa Aultman-Hall, David Cain, Nikiforos Stamatiadis, Joel M. Weber

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Freight Movement and Intermodal Access in Kentucky Study (SPR 98-189), undertaken by the Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) on behalf of the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC), has two main objectives. These objectives include the evaluation of access for trucks between intermodal or other truck generating sites and the National Highway System (NHS) and furthering the understanding of freight commodity flows throughout the state. This report summarizes the access evaluation for one facility located in Warren County in the Barren River Area Development District (ADD) and KYTC Highway District #3. The location of the site is shown in Figure 1 while …

Making Concrete Less Abstract, David Newton Richardson

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

CE 3 13 is a second level properties of concrete lecture course. In an effort to make it appear less abstract to the students, over the course of several semesters several learning strategies were tried, including journaling, muddiest point, entering the academy, role playing, bookends-on-a-lecture, and hands-on lab projects. Most recently, an emphasis on short writing-to-learn papers, a problems-based stance, and an integrated lab project was used. Student evaluations indicated that the lab projects and the increased writing was of significant benefit in promotion of learning.

The Structural Behavior Of Homogeneous And Hybrid Stub Columns Under Dynamic Loading Conditions, Chi Ling Pan, Wei Wen Yu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

It has been recognized that the mechanical properties of sheet steels and the structural strength of cold-formed steel members can be influenced by strain rate. For studying the local and postbuckling behavior of the stiffened and unstiffened compression elements under dynamic loading condition, 97 stub columns which were assembled from the same material have been tested under different strain rates. In order to study the structural behavior of hybrid cold-formed stub columns, a total of 144 specimens were investigated. In addition, 52 drop silo tests of stub columns were conducted at General Motors Corporation (GM). The results showed that the …

Acid Characteristics Of Dissolved Organic Matter In Wastewater, Jianmin Wang, C. P. Huang, Herbert E. Allen, Luis R. Takiyama, Ira Poesponegoro, Haryanto Poesponegoro, Dan Pirestani

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a wastewater treatment system can significantly affect the uptake of heavy metals by sludge particulates. The characteristics of DOM, its concentration, and the solution pH are important parameters governing the heavy metals uptake reaction. The characteristics of DOM of various wastewater and sludge (primary, secondary, and tertiary) samples collected from four municipal wastewater treatment plants were investigated. Results showed that the dissolution of DOM from sludge is significantly affected by pH and suspended solids concentration. Results also showed that DOM contains two discrete acid groups that are available for metals complexation. The …

Effects Of Temperature, Water Hardness, And Recirculation On Copper Corrosion, Brian R. Weiss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In previous work, the effects of water quality have been shown to influence the formation of scale from copper corrosion. A general understanding of the effects of water quality on copper corrosion have been difficult to obtain because of complex interactions of water quality variables on copper corrosion in different water supply systems. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of temperature and water hardness on copper corrosion occurring in a household water supply system. The effects of recirculation were also studied in concurrence with the above water quality parameters. Electrochemical corrosion testing and corrosion by -product …

Gaseous Cah Removal By Biofiltration In Presence And Absence Of A Nonionic Surfactant, J. O. Kim, Purush K. Terkonda, S. D. Lee

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The objectives of this study were to investigate the biodegradation of gaseous trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in an activated carbon biofilter inoculated with phenol-oxidizing microorganisms and to study the effect of surfactant concentration below its critical micelle concentration (CMC) on the removal efficiency of TCE or PCE. For the enhanced biofiltration, a biodegradable nonionic surfactant was added to biofilters. The investigation was conducted using two specially built stainless steel biofilters, one for TCE and the other for PCE. The removal efficiency of gaseous TCE was 100% at a residence time of 7 min and its average inlet concentration of …

Euroconstruction Report 1, Louis Gunnigan, Trevor Orr

Reports

This report was prepared on behalf of the Construction Industry Federation as Ireland’s initial contribution to the Leonardo da Vinci Project: Euroconstruction.

The report is divided into 3 sections.

Section 1 concentrates on the recent and likely future changes in the structure of the Irish construction market and the impact of these changes on project management and project financing. The recent growth of the industry is documented and predictions for the future of the industry in Ireland are summarised. The conclusions reached show that an increased involvement in the financing of public projects is required from the private sector if …

Embankment Construction Using Shale, Tommy C. Hopkins, Tony L. Beckham

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Shales have been used extensively in the construction of highway embankments, and other earthen structures, because of the vast amounts of these materials located in many areas of the country and the lack of economical and alternate available materials. Because shales exhibit a wide range of engineering properties and behaviors, many problems have occurred. Numerous shale embankment failures have occurred generally some 1 to 10 years after construction. Settlements of 1 to 3 feet (0.3 - 0.9 m) have been observed in many old embankments and required numerous asphaltic overlays. Shale embankments that settle continuously have been observed to fail …

Expedient Method To Determine Active Zone Depth For Expansive Soils In The St. Louis, Missouri Area, Robert Allen Abbott

Masters Theses

"A laboratory testing program was developed to formulate a relationship which could be used to estimate the active zone depth at a given site with the index properties of the potentially expansive soils at the site. The testing program utilized standard consolidometers to incrementally add moisture to soil specimens to determine a swell versus soil suction index. Tests were performed on laboratory manufactured soil specimens of commercial clay to validate the testing methodology.

A QUATTRO PRO computer spreadsheet was developed to perform the calculations to determine the potential field surface heave for the soils tested provided they were at a …

An Integrated Transportation Use Modeling System For Indiana; Implementation Report And User's Manual, Andrew Ying-Ming Yen, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The principle objective of this research was to develop an integrated model to represent the interrelationships between land use and transportation, subject to the requirements of the ISTEA of 1991 and the CAAA of 1990. The integrated model includes two major parts: a land-use allocation module and a travel demand module. An interface module has also been built to transform data between these two modules. The land-use allocation module consists of a residential location model, an employment location model, a land use potential model, and a land consumption model. One unique feature of the residential and employment location models is …

An Integrated Transportation Use Modeling System For Indiana, Andrew Ying-Ming Yen, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The principle objective of this research was to develop an integrated model to represent the interrelationships between land use and transportation, subject to the requirements of the ISTEA of 1991 and the CAAA of 1990. The integrated model includes two major parts: a land-use allocation module and a travel demand module. An interface module has also been built to transform data between these two modules. The land-use allocation module consists of a residential location model, an employment location model, a land use potential model, and a land consumption model. One unique feature of the residential and employment location models is …

Assessing And Updating Indot's Traffic Monitoring System For Highways (2 Volumes), Samuel Labi, Jon Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

This study evaluates the existing resources and procedures of INDOT’s current traffic monitoring program, with the objective of transforming this program into a comprehensive Traffic Monitoring System for Highways (TMS/H). Reliable traffic data is a valuable input for studies and decision-making at various levels and in various phases of highway management including planning and design, finance and taxation, legislation and safety. The nature and scope of the various components comprising a TMS/H for any state were identified in available literature such as the Federal Register and Traffic Monitoring Guide. A complete inventory of the existing resources (personnel and equipment) and …

Automation And Standardization Of Measuring Moisture Content And Density Of Soil Using The Technique Of Time Domain Reflectometry, Wei Feng, Chih-Ping Lin, Richard J. Deschamps, Vincent P. Drnevich

JTRP Technical Reports

The methodology developed by Siddiqui and Drnevich (1995) for measuring soil water content and density using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) was extended for routine use in the quality control testing of compacted soils. The objectives of the study were to develop computer software to automate data interpretation and data reduction, develop prototype equipment for field use, compare the results of the TDR method with the sand cone and nuclear density methods on actual construction sites and develop draft specifications for ASTM and AASHTO. New prototype equipment was developed for compaction quality control testing. Waveform interpretation and data reduction were automated …

Implementation Of Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement (2 Volumes), A. G. Altschaeffl, Ross A. Duckworth, M. K. Clough

JTRP Technical Reports

This Implementation Project had two purposes: 1) to update the INDOT Division of Materials and Tests’ laboratory equipment and train personnel to properly conduct the testing for subgrade resilient modulus in accordance with new AASHTO testing protocol (AASHTO T0294-94(; 2) to educate and train the geotechnical engineering section in the procedures for determining the design resilient modulus with minimum required testing, while using the database of the previous report on this subject, FHWA/IN/JHRP-92/23, “Subgrade Resilient Modulus for Pavement Design and Evaluation,” Part I of the Final Report, the detailed “Laboratory Procedures Manual,” has been written for use by laboratory technicians …

Implementation Of Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement: Laboratory Procedures Manual (2 Volumes), A. G. Altschaeffl, Ross A. Duckworth, M. K. Clough

JTRP Technical Reports

This Implementation Project had two purposes: 1) to update the INDOT Division of Materials and Tests’ laboratory equipment and train personnel to properly conduct the testing for subgrade resilient modulus in accordance with new AASHTO testing protocol (AASHTO T0294-94(; 2) to educate and train the geotechnical engineering section in the procedures for determining the design resilient modulus with minimum required testing, while using the database of the previous report on this subject, FHWA/IN/JHRP-92/23, “Subgrade Resilient Modulus for Pavement Design and Evaluation,” Part I of the Final Report, the detailed “Laboratory Procedures Manual,” has been written for use by laboratory technicians …

Geotechnical Performance Of Highway Embankment Constructed Using Waste Foundry Sand, Patrick J. Fox, David G. Mast

JTRP Technical Reports

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of waste foundry sand (WFS) as a highway embankment material in a fullscale field demonstration project. This evaluation included geotechnical concerns, such as deformation, strength, hydraulic conductivity, and ease of construction. The report presents an introduction and previous research concerning WFS use in highway construction. A geotechnical laboratory testing program characterized the WFS used in the project, which was a waste product of Auburn Foundry, Inc., located in Auburn, Indiana. This study was also a part of the FHWA Priorities Technology Program. The project site was a 275 m section …

Performance Evaluation Of A Highway Embankment Constructed Using Waste Foundry Sand, Barry K. Partridge, James E. Alleman

JTRP Technical Reports

Over 9 million Mg of waste foundry sands (WFS) are produced annually in the United States as a by-product of the metal casting industry. The majority of WFS are deposited in restricted or sanitary waste landfills. Considerable savings is available to the metal casting industry through the development of reuse applications for their WFS and generators are often willing to provide WFS to a job site at no cost to the end user. Laboratory investigations have indicated that WFS from ferrous foundries can provide the necessary engineering properties for a highway embankment and that the MicrotoxTM bioassay test can be …

Assessing And Updating Indot's Traffic Monitoring System For Highways, Volume 1 - Main Report, Samuel Labi, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Modeling And Optimization Of The Indiana Lane Merge Control System On Approaches To Freeway Work Zones, Part I, Andrzej P. Tarko, Sreenivasulu R. Kanipakapatnam, Jason S. Wasson

JTRP Technical Reports

Severe traffic turbulence on entry sections of freeway work zones increases the delays and risk of crash. A new Indiana Department of Transportation system called Indiana Merge Lane System (IMLS) creates a dynamic no passing zone on the approach to the freeway work zone through the sequence of DO NOT PASS signs. The system is thought to encourage drivers to switch lanes well upstream of the discontinuous lane taper where the merging maneuver is safer and less intrusive. The IMLS is expected to impact drivers’ behavior, their perception of the traffic conditions, and traffic safety.

This research is focused on: …

A Tool For Evaluating Access Control On High Speed Urban Arterials, Part I, Henry C. Brown, Samuel Labi, Andrzej P. Tarko, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

A highway system serves two needs: mobility and accessibility. Access control techniques are used to restrict access to the highway and improve vehicle flow. The objective of this research was to develop a comprehensive procedure to evaluate access control alternatives. The procedure includes the design and quantitative evaluation of alternatives to select the best one. Evaluation of each alternative includes prediction of turning volumes, delays, crash rates, and economic effectiveness. Several existing models predict traffic delays for signalized intersections and for minor streams at unsignalized intersections. Models are needed to predict delays of arterial streams caused by minor streams at …