Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

In-Place Stabilization Of Waste Phosphatic Clays Using Lime Columns, B. L. Barnes, L. D. Madrid, W. A. Ericson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper will present the results of a laboratory testing program and field implementation of the lime column stabilization technique to waste phosphatic clays. Results show increases in clay shear strength by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude and reduce the time of primary consolidation by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.

Pneusol At The Bussang Pass, G. Esbelin, N. T. Long, P. Ursat

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The widening of National Road no. 66 at the Bussang Pass in southern Alsace is the first "major" job on a national road using the Pneusol technique, a combination of old tires and soils: 600 m of walls 2 to 7 m high; 55,000 passenger-car tires and 2,000 truck tires (a total of 500 tonnes!). Precious knowledge is gleaned from the diverse conditions of use.

General Report Session No. 13: Case Histories Of New Solutions To Traditional Geotechnical Problems, Bruce L. Kutter, Ross W. Boulanger

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Design Of Safe Slopes After Failure During An Earthquake, B. V. K. Lavania, A. D. Pandey, A. K. Singh, S. Singhal

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Four slope slides took place, during a major earthquake, on the slopes of hill that has a paper mill complex on its top. The subsoil condition and engineering parameters for the site were evaluated at the time of construction of this complex and again after the earthquake for the purpose of designing safe slopes. However, both times the variation in the numerical values of shear parameters obtained by different tests was very wide and it was difficult to arrive at some conclusion. Therefore, on the basis of failure surface geometries, these was assessed by back analysis and design of safe …

General Report Session No. 14: Geotechnical Aspects Of Recent Earthquakes, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, G. L. Hempen

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Geotechnical Aspects Of The Petrolia Earthquake, Robert K. Green, Thomas L. Sawyer

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Petrolia, California earthquake (M_S 6.9, M_L 6.4) occurred on April 25, 1992 and was followed by numerous aftershocks including two earthquakes over magnitude 6 that occurred on April 26, 1992. The earthquakes caused structural damage in Ferndale, Petrolia, Honeydew, Rio Dell, Fortuna, and Scotia. The earthquake also produced ground failures of liquefaction, lateral spreads, and landslides in the epicentral region. Liquefaction did not appear to be widespread, and occurred in locations where it would most likely be expected to occur (low lying areas with very recent alluvial deposits and high ground water). Scattered landslides were triggered by …

Ground Movements In Mexico City During Recent Earthquakes, E. Ovando, M. P. Romo, L. Díaz

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Acceleration records were obtained with a rather dense accelerographic array during three recent earthquakes in Mexico City. Following a purely observational approach, useful information about the nature and characteristics of seismic motions was derived from the analysis of these records. Broad regional studies indicate that the distribution of seismic motions in the city may be affected by directivity effects. From local site studies it is concluded that seismic movements at the base of the compressible clay deposits are fairly uniform and accelerograms recorded in vertical arrays suggest that soil strata in Mexico City respond to seismic movements according to established …

Liquefaction During 1988 Earthquakes And A Case Study, M. K. Gupta

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Several parts of north eastern India, Bangladesh and Burma were rocked by an earthquake on August 6, 1988. The author carried out earthquake damage survey due to liquefaction in Assam region. Wide spread liquefaction in the area was observed. Guide bunds and approach roads of a road bridge near Tezpur performed excellently against liquefaction during the earthquake for which they were designed. Another earthquake of magnitude 6.6 visited Nepal Bihar border region which shook northern Bihar and Nepal region and was felt as far as Jaipur in the west and Shillong in the east. Large scale liquefaction has also been …

Liquefaction During The October 12, 1992, Egyptian Dahshure Earthquake, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, Mohamed Amer, Korhan Adalier

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

On October 12, 1992 a moderate earthquake M_B = 5.9 (M_S = 5.2) occurred about 18 km southwest of the center of Cairo and resulted in significant damage to numerous poorly constructed structures. Soil liquefaction associated with the occurrence of large sand-boils was observed close to the epicenter. As a consequence, a main road suffered a maximum settlement of about 1.75 m. In this study, the earthquake characteristics, soil profiles and resulting liquefaction are discussed. The observed liquefaction mechanisms provide valuable information on the seismic response of Nile deposited alluvial soils. Such soils constitute much of the inhabited …

Nonlinear Dynamic Effective-Stress Analysis Of Two Case Histories, S. Inel, W. H. Roth, C. De Rubertis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two case histories were analyzed to determine the validity of using nonlinear numerical analysis methods together with simple and familiar descriptions of soil behavior to predict shaking-induced excess pore pressures and permanent deformations within soil. The first case focuses on the prediction of liquefaction during centrifuge testing of a silt layer underlain by sand. The second case involves the prediction of behavior of the Upper San Fernando Dam during the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. Results of both analyses show that consistent and reasonably accurate estimates may be made of the behavior of soil during seismic loading. The relative simplicity of …

Response Analyses Of Recorded Earthquake Motions, S. J. Serhan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Response analyses of three recorded earthquakes at a nuclear power plant have been conducted. The objective of the response analyses is to obtain frequency composition, assess damage potential, and simulate and explain the recorded soil and structural seismic motions. Two- and three-dimensional models for the soil/structure system have been developed by using the finite-element substructuring method. Results of the analyses show clear evidence of soil/structure interaction in terms of significant soil softening, strong rocking mode participation and unusual recorded high-frequency response inside the buildings.

Soil Liquefaction During The 1991 Telire-Limón, Costa Rica, Earthquake, Susumu Yasuda, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Nozomu Yoshida, Sergio Mora

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The 1991 Telire-Limón Earthquake of magnitude 7.5 caused significant damage in Costa Rica and Panama. Soil liquefaction occurred widely in the low lying area in eastern Costa Rica, which caused severe damage to the embankment, bridges, and houses, etc. The liquefied sites are classified into three categories: 1) inland areas along rivers, 2) sand bars along beach, and 3) coastal areas along rivers. In inland area, road embankment of Route 32 was severely damaged due to liquefaction. Fissures parallel to the road and lateral spreading are occurred. At the sand bar and marsh, liquefaction occurred in the areas between the …

Case Histories Of Compacted Clay Liners And Covers For Waste Disposal Facilities, David E. Daniel

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Compacted clay liners and covers are widely used in waste containment units. Case histories in three categories are presented: (1) case histories illustrating compaction, construction, and quality assurance difficulties; (2) case histories involving field hydraulic conductivity testing of large-scale test pads; and (3) case histories involving final cover systems. The case histories illustrate that: (1) compaction criteria should be chosen carefully and with consideration given to how the compaction will be controlled in the field; (2) regulatory roadblocks may defeat sound technical approaches in terms of developing compaction criteria; (3) one can follow ASTM procedures and still get into difficulty …

Design And Observation Of Steep Reinforced Embankments, T. Yamanouchi, N. Fukuda

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Using the design method proposed by R. A. Jewell et al. numerous steep reinforced embankments have been constructed in the authors’ home country since the year 1984. In fact these soil structures are built with the reinforcement of polymer grids (the so-called geogrids invented by F. B. Mercer of U.K.) which have a unique structural composition with high-tensile and low-ductility characteristics. This paper deals with first the development of steep reinforced soil structures and their design method, and then introduces a well-documented case history of steep reinforced embankment. The authors propose a current design method developed on the basis of …

The Kettleman Hills Landfill Failure: A Retrospective View Of The Failure Investigations And Lessons Learned, James K. Mitchell, Mihsiung Chang, Raymond B. Seed

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The sliding stability failure of the Kettleman Hills waste landfill focused attention on several issues related to the safe design and filling of waste repositories, including low strengths between geosynthetic material interfaces in composite liner systems and low interface strength between compacted clay and smooth geomembranes. Waste placement plans must be carefully developed to insure an adequate factor of safety against sliding at all stages of filling. Because of assumptions and uncertainties that remained following the initial failure investigation, model tests, at a scale of 1:150, were done. These tests reproduced the field failure very well and provided insights into …

Man-Made Vibrations And Solutions, K. R. Massarsch

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The generation and propagation of man-made vibrations in the ground is discussed. Emphasis is placed a simplified approach which is used to assess the most important factors, such as wave attenuation, refraction focusing and vibration amplification as a result of resonance. Practical guidelines are presented which can be used to predict vibrations and settlements in the ground. A semi-empirical relationship for the assessment of permissible vibration levels for buildings is proposed. Finally, a new ground vibration isolation method, the gas cushion screen is presented.

Practical Studies Of The Seismic Response Of A Rockfill Dam And A Tailings Impoundment, W. D. Liam Finn

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two case studies from engineering practice are presented to demonstrate how useful a sophisticated finite element analysis can be in providing a comprehensive understanding of how dams behave during earthquakes. The first example involves determining, from the recorded performance of a rockfill dam, the volume change characteristics of the rockfill which cannot be measured directly. The second example covers the full range of current capability for analysis. It involves dynamic effective stress analysis of a tailings dam to check the triggering of liquefaction and the analysis of post-liquefaction flow deformations.

Discussions And Replies: State Of The Art Papers, Mohamad Hussein, Fred H. Held Iii, C. Mirza, T. M. Davisson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Third International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of 1991 Nehrp Provisions For Nonstructural Components And Recommended Revisions, Tsuteh Soong, Genda Chen, Z. Wu, R. H. Zhang, M. Grigoriu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

As one part of the 1994 update effort of the 1991 NEHRP provisions, the seismic design force formulas for nonstructural components as they exist in the 1991 provisions are critically assessed and some of their shortcomings are identified. Various levels of improvements to these formulas are then presented which, on the one hand, preserve the equivalent lateral force format for design applicability and, on the other, correct some of the deficiencies on the basis of analyses, experimental results and observation data from past earthquakes.

Based on different interpretations of the component seismic coefficients as well as different degrees of simplicity …

Ccfss Special Edition Technical Bulletin February 1993, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

Ccfss News February 1993, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)

No abstract provided.

In-Plane/Out-Of-Plane Dynamic Racking Tests Of Curtain Wall Glass Elements, James H. Culp

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

This report describes a research project that was conducted to examine architectural glass behavior as curtain wall components subjected to earthquake-like dynamic motions. The project was an extension of an earlier pilot study conducted in 1991. The 1991 pilot study dealt only with dynamic racking of the curtain wall in its own plane.

The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of adding out-of-plane motions to the previous in-plane motions and to observe the resulting structural performance of various types of architectural glass. Thus, the curtain wall specimens in the current study were racked with motion components both …

Flexural Behavior Of Web Elements With Openings, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu, Ming-Yang Shan

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

No abstract provided.

Simulation De L'Interaction Entre Le Voilement Local Et Les Modes Globaux D'Instabilite Des Profils A Froid Par Une Combinaison De La Methode Des Largeurs Effectives Et De L'Element Fini Non-Lineaire De Poutre Spatiale, Luiz Felippe Estrella Jr.

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

The objective of this thesis is the study of the stability of cold-formed thin-walled steel members. The interaction between global instability and local buckling of the profile walls has a reducing effect on the collapse load. The aim is to develop a numerical tool able to predict not only the collapse load, but also the equilibrium path. With this aim in view, the non-linear spatial beam tinite element recently developed by Vincent de Ville in Liege University was chosen for this purpose. The steel member is considered as an association of flat plates and corners. Local buckling is modeled by …

Structural Behavior Of Architectural Laminated Glass, R. A. Belir, Joseph E. Minor, H. S. Norville

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental and theoretical investigations conducted over a 20-year time period by several investigators provide sufficient data and information to define, for practical engineering purposes, the behavior of architectural laminated glass under lateral pressures. Investigations included definitions of material properties, theoretical stress analyses, experimental stress analyses, and destructive tests involving monolithic, laminated, and "layered" glass plates of several geometries. The preponderance of data and information indicate that: (1) Architectural laminated glass behaves in a manner similar to monolithic glass of the same nominal thickness under short-term lateral pressures (representative of wind loads) at and below room temperature; (2) the temperature at …

Phenotypic Characterization Of Copper-Resistant Mutants Of Methylosinus Trichosporium Ob3b, M. (Mark) W. Fitch, D. W. Graham, R. G. Arnold, S. K. Agarwal, P. Phelps, G. E. Speitel, G. Georgiou

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cultures of Methylosinus Trichosporium OB3b Grown in the Presence of Very Low Concentrations of Copper Synthesize a Soluble Methane Monooxygenase (SMMO) that Efficiently Catalyzes the Oxidation of Trichloroethylene and Other Organic Pollutants. Recently, We Isolated Five M. Trichosporium OB3b Mutants that Express SMMO Activity When Grown in the Presence of Elevated Copper Concentrations (P. A. Phelps, S. K. Agarwal, G. E. Speitel, Jr., and G. Georgiou, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:3701-3708, 1992). Here We Show that, in Contrast to the Results for the Wild-Type Cells, the Addition of Copper to Mutant Cultures Grown on Methane and Nitrate as the Nitrogen Source …

Assessment Of Environmental Implications Of Abandoned Oil And Gas Wells, Donald L. Warner, Cary L. Mcconnell

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A detailed study was made of the potential for abandoned oil and gas wells in the Lower Tuscaloosa sand of Mississippi and Louisiana to act as conduits for movement of saline water from the Lower Tuscaloosa into underground sources of drinking water (USDW's). Finite-difference numerical modeling determined the extent that water might be forced from the Lower Tuscaloosa sand into a USDW as a result of injection into the Lower Tuscaloosa. Within the range of conditions modeled, water from the Lower Tuscaloosa never traveled into a USDW. On the basis of the modeling, we concluded that it is unlikely that …

Postbuckling And Hysteresis Models Of Open-Web Girders, Jeng Fuh Ger, Franklin Y. Cheng

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The paper presents analytical studies of hysteretic behavior of open-web girders with angle web members. The partial inelasticity of the member cross section is traced using finite segment formulation with stress-strain control. A member is divided into a number of segments, and, for each segment, the cross section is divided into many small elements, which allows the inelastic deformation of the member to be modeled. Therefore, member stiffness is established for various inelastic deformation stages. The eccentricities and initial imperfections of web members are considered in the analysis. Good agreement between experimental and present analytical results was found for individual …

Behavior Of Arc Spot Weld Connections In Tension, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Arc spot welds, commonly called puddle welds, are widely used for connecting cold-formed steel roof decks to their supporting members. These support members are typically hot-rolled steel beams or girders, or the top chord of open-web steel joists. A comprehensive experimental study of the tension strength of arc spot weld connections used to affix a cold-formed steel roof deck to its support member was conducted. The study investigated the key parameters that influence the connection strength: Steel thickness, tensile strength, and ductility; type of weld process, automatic or manual; cross section of the roof deck; loading condition, symmetrical or eccentric …