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A Study Of The Effect Of Blended Coarse Aggregate On Air Entrained Concrete, S. T. Collier, L. E. Gregg

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This research with combined coarse aggregates in cement concrete was initiated at the request of the Director of Design as a direct result of the condition study made by the Division of Design in 1945. In the report on this study it was shown that on the basis of averages pertaining to 80 projects with crashed limestone totalling about 395 miles in length, and 70 projects with Ohio River Gravel totalling approximately 410 miles in length, the service record for pavements with the river gravel was far inferior to that of pavements containing limestone coarse aggregate.

Specifically, the summary of …

An Experiment With Expanded-Metal Integrating Mats In Bituminous Concrete Pavement, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This is an initial report of an experiment dealing with the use of expanded metal mats placed between the binder and surface courses of a Class I bituminous pavement at a location where a bituminous pavement of different design had shoved under heavy traffic. The purpose of the mats, of course, was to integrate the pavement in both longitudinal and transverse directions; the theory being that a small portion of the pavement, when subjected to a force that would ordinarily cause shoving, could actuelly shove only if an entire section of the embedded mat could be moved by that force. …

Interim Report On Experiments With Western Kentucky Bank Gravel In Bituminous Concrete, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Experiments with Western Kentucky Bank Gravel as an aggregate in bituminous concrete were started in 1944 with a reconstruction project on the Paducah-Smithland Road (R.P. 32-1 SA & R.P. 32-l-SB), U.S. 60 & U.S. 68, in NcCracken County. Eight sections containing four different bituminous materials two different thicknesses of binder course, and variations in the surface course only with regard to a single grade of bitumen applied to Sections 5 to 8 inclusive, were provided in the plans.

The pavement was inspected and photographs were taken in May, 1946, but no formal report was made on the experiment at that …

Study Of The Effect Of Blended Coarse Aggregate On Air Entrained Concrete Second Progress Report, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

When the first progress report on this study of blended aggregate was prepared in January, 1947, only three of the nine groups of samples in Series I had completed the durability tests, and specimens in four of the seven groups composing Series II had not even been prepared. In contrast, at the present all samples in Series I have completed the durability tests thus concluding the results pertaining to Ohio River gravel from Louisville, and specimens in three groups of Series II (applicable to glacial gravel) have finished the durability tests. Further than that, several additional groups of samples which …

Outline Of Proposed Research For "Study Of The Relationship Between Subgrade California Bearing Ratios And Pumping Of Rigid Pavements", Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The purpose of this investigation is to determine the relationship between the pumping of rigid pavements and the modified California Bearing Ratio of the subgrade soil beneath the pavement. Ultimately, the objective is to combine data from this research with those from other related studies and provide a design criteria for eliminating or minimizing, in the most economical way, pumping of rigid pavements, particularly when soils of uncertain quality are encountered.

Memo On Aberdeen And Brownsville Bridge, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

Research With Mulches For Roadside Grasses, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

At the January 27, meeting of our Research Board,experiments with mulches for roadside grasses as proposed by a committee of the Highway Research Board, National Research Council, was discussed. The matter – as noted in item 7 of the minutes of that meeting – was directed to Professor Shaver and me with a request by Mr. Cutler that we confer with men in the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, and at our next meeting report on the practicability of these experiments.

On the afternoon of March 7, Prof. N.R. Elliott, Acting Head of the Department of Horticulture at the …

Bond Characteristics Of Commercial And Prepared Reinforcing Bars, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Early in 1945 a request was made by the Bridge Division of the Kentucky Department of Highways that bond characteristics of certain reinforcing bars be analyzed by the Department's Materials Research Laboratory. Nothing extensive was contemplated, it being the intent of the Bridge Division to determine whether reinforcing steel commonly used on bridge projects at the time should develop bond stresses reasonably close to those that could be developed by the specially prepared bars; and if not, whether the special bars produced benefits commensurate with increased costs.

Five types of bars were selected, and pull-out tests in preference to beam …

Study Of The Properties Of Coarse Aggregates, James L. Young Jr.

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Research Project C-22 is an investigation of the geologic aspects of limestone aggregate that might cause failure if used in highway construction. This represents work being carried on at the Highway Materials Research Laboratory in Lexington. The end point of this work is to determine the cause or causes of failure and provide a test that will delete faulty materials from construction work.

In order to evaluate the engineering aspect of the author's work, a study ef the physical tests of these same aggregates is to be made. A correlation between Laboratory Analysis and performance Surveys of these same aggregates …

Experiments With Pressure Methods Of Air Content Determinations For Cement Concrete, L. E. Gregg

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In our report entitled "A Summary of Experiments With Air Entrainment in Cement Concrete" released last September, we recommended among other things that "The gravimetric method (A.S.T.M. Designation: C138-44) be used only as a temperary expedient for determining air contents until the pressure method or some method not dependent upon physical properties of aggregates and not influenced by other variables can be firmly established" (see item 3, page 66 of that report). At that time we were thinking of the pressure apparatus demonstrated by representatives of the Portland Cement Association during construction of the Lexington-Nicholasville Road (Project F 524 (1)-1; …

Outline Of Research For Adhesion Of Bituminous Materials To Mineral Aggregates, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The primary object of this proposed research is to investigate existing procedures or develop new means for evaluating the adhesive capacity of bituminous materials when applied to mineral aggregates. This includes bituminous materials in combination with additives or so-called anti-stripping agents; hence, the scope of the project includes:

1. A study of aggregates for hydrophyllic or hydrophobic properties as related to different types of bitumen, and the selection of a standard aggregate by which the adhesion of bituminous materials themselves may be judged.
2. Comparison of grades and sources of bituminous materials with respect to power of adhesion to (or tendencies to …

Study Of The Effect Of Blended Coarse Aggregate On Air Entrained Concrete, S. T. Collier, L. E. Gregg

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This research with combined coarse aggregates in cement concrete was initiated at the request of the Director of Design as a direct result of the condition study made by the Division of Design in 1945. In the report on this study it was shown that on the basis of averages pertaining to 80 projects with crushed limestone totalling about 395 miles in length, and 70 projects with Ohio River Gravel totalling approximately 410 miles in length, the service record for pavements with the river gravel was far inferior to that of pavements containing limestone coarse aggregate.

Specifically, the summary of …

A Traffic Survey Report And Limited Access Highway Plan Of The Tampa Metropolitan Area, Division Of Research And Records Of The State Road Department Of Florida In Cooperation With The Public Roads Administration, Federal Works Agency

City and Regional Planning -- Florida

A traffic survey report and suggested recommendations for a limited access street plan 1946-1947

A Summary Of Experiments With Air Entrainment In Cement Concrete, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Field and laboratory experiments designed to show the merits of air-entrainment in cement concrete have been conducted by the Department of Highways since 1940. During that time six laboratory projects with many variables have been completed, and most of these were directly related to the four experimental roads which have been in service from four to six years. Collectively these experiments form a moderately comprehensive analysis of the features of air-entrainment, still there are many points which have not been fully covered either because of limitations in time and personnel or because of new developments which render some of the …

Porous Backfill, Robert F. Baker

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Until the late 1930's, the accepted practice for the construction of drainage installation included the use of a large, approximately No. 2 size, aggregate as porous backfill. However, a lage number of drains ceased to function as result of clogging or "silting"*, and many highway departments practically eliminated sub-surface and intercepting drainage.

The following report summarizes some of the more important studies that have dealt with "filter" (backfill material) to be used in drainage construction. The scope of it is limited, dealing primarily with the questions of proper gradation.

At present Kentucky Specifications (1) require that the gradations of the …

A Study Of The Effect Of Blended Cements On The Durability Of Concrete Incorporating An Inferior Coarse Aggregate, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Research Project C-13 was set up for the purpose of studying the effect of blended cement, with air-entraining properties, on the durability of concrete incorporating an inferior grade of limestone as the coarse aggregate. This investigation is not correlated with any Department of Highways field project, being entirely a laboratory study. The tests were begun April 12, 1945, and were completed February 6, 1946.

Durability Of Concrete As Affected By Absorbed Moisture In Tennessee River Gravel Aggregate, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This project is more or less a preliminary investigation of Tennessee River gravel relative to the effect of the moisture condition of the aggregates upon the durability of concrete. Certain observations made in the field indicated that absorbed moisture in the aggregate could have a marked effect on concrete, so this study was made in an attempt to give quantitative significance to the observation.

Proposed Field And Laboratory Study Of Flexible Pavements, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Research into the problem of the design and control of flexible pavement construction has resulted in the use of empirical and arbitrary solutions consisting of general theories for determining pavement thickness, gradation of aggregate, percent of bitumen, base requirements, etc. A desirable method would be one that is applicable to all aggregate, bitumen, and subgrade conditions. Until such a procedure is available, a determination of existing procedures are the immediate problems of highway engineers.

A Proposed Study Of Soils As Related To The Pumping Of Rigid Pavements, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Pumping has been described as, "The process of ejecting the water-suspended subgrade soil from joints, cracks, and the edges of pavement caused by the deflection of the pavement slab under the action of traffic"(4)*. Obviously, the action is limited to rigid or semi-rigid pavements. Hence, the problem is largely concerned with soil and is almost entirely dependent upon properties of the subgrade. During the past five or six years pumping has become the most discussed if not the most important element of highway soils engineering largely because of the increase in heavily loaded vehicles resulting from wartime traffic requirements.

A Survey And Pedological Classification Of Kentucky Soils, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

At the meeting of the Highway Research Board in Oklahoma City this year the Department of Soils Investigations devoted the major part of one session to a discussion of the pedological method of classifying soils. This was marked departure from past policies for heretofore pedology in soil classification was largely a matter for research, and incidentally, a controversial matter.

Study Of Proposed Specifications For Bituminous Coated Corrugated Metal Pipe, Robert F. Baker

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

On February 27 and 28, the author visited the Research Laboratories of the American Rolling Mills Company at Middletown, Ohio. The purpose of the visit was to investigate the technique and background of the new specifications for bituminous coated corrugated metal pipe as proposed by Armco with a view to changing the Kentucky Specifications (throughout this report "proposed specifications" will refer to the specifications recommended by the American Rolling Mills Company).

It is a rather evident fact, but the author wishes to point out that the short visit could furnish only an indication rather than a positive solution to the …

Outline Of Proposed Study Of Sands Used As Concrete Fine Aggregates, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This investigation is being made for the purpose of evaluating fine aggregates for concrete in which the percentages of fines, finer than the No. 50 and the No. sieves, are increased over that in the normal commercial sands meeting the present specifications for Class "A" concrete. It is a continuation of the studies made in Research Projects C-14 and C-15 (Reports submitted January, 1946), but enlarged to include physical tests on sand, and tests on mortar specimens, as well as the usual tests on concrete specimens.

An Evaluation Of Density And Stability Tests On Bituminous Mixes, Cary Burns, L. E. Gregg

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

During the past three years the Highway Materials Research Laboratory has experimented with bituminous aggregate mixes in an attempt to determine the densities that can be obtained through certain methods of compaction and the stability of the resulting mixes. The several investigations have resulted in the preparation and testing of approximately six hundred individual samples, most of which were designed to provide information as a guide for specification on particular field projects.

Proposed Working Plan For A Study Of The Properties Of Coarse Aggregates, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Among the numerous materials used in the construction of highways probably none is more important or perplexing than coarse aggregate. Through past research and experience a group of procedures and specifications for selecting aggregates suitable for pavements has been developed. These acceptance tests deal almost entirely with physical properties such as gradation, soundness, absorption, abrasion, etc. However, recent data accumulated by field observations and surveys (1), (7), (8)* have indicated that some materials passing the specifications have undesirable properties which cause difficulties over a long period of time. Consequently, research directed toward a more thorough investigation of aggregates has become …

A Study Of The Effect Of Fine Aggregates On The Durability Of Concrete, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Research Projects C-14 and C-15 were set up as purely laboratory studies with the same objective; that is, to study the affect upon the strength and durability of normal portland cement concrete by supplementing portions of standard concrete sand with variable amounts of "Fine" sand (sands passing Size No. 30 sieve). This investigation is not correlated with any Highway Department field projects. Project C-14 was begun June 16, 1944 and test completed April 20, 1945. Project C-15 was begun August 2, 1944 and tests were completed August 1, 1945.

Bond Characteristics Of Commercial And Prepared Reinforcing Bars, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Research Project C-18 was designed for the purpose of making comparisons of the bond characteristics of commercial and prepared bars of reinforcing steel for horizontal and vertical positions of casting. The data includes tests made for bars cast in concretes of bot low and high slumps. The project was started March 26, 1945, but is not complete to the extent as was originally planned, since only two of the five types of bars employed have been cast in high slump concrete.

The data presented in this report includes test results for eight sets of specimens designated as Series A through …

An Outline Of Prospective Research For The Highway Materials Research Laboratory, L. E. Gregg

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The following outline and comments are intended to serve as a general guide for future endeavors of the Highway Materials Research Laboratory, and as a basis for discussion among Members of the Research Board. For the most part these will provide a structure within which the details of individual projects may be classified and from which the subject matter for separate studies may be drawn. By preparing such a plan, but recognizing the need for deviation when unforeseen situations arise, it is hoped that the possibilities for maintaining a comprehensive but well integrated research program may be enhanced.

Summary Report Of Concrete Investigations In Research Projects C-1, C-2, C-3, And C-17, S. T. Collier

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The data presented in this report were obtained in laboratory investigations of concrete mixes, the majority of which were correlated with Highway Department field projects. Practically all of this information has been recorded in vast reports on individual studies, but here these are combined and summarized in order to facilitate comnarisons between the results from tests similar in nature, and to provide wider distribution of these results.

Of the four research projects considered three were devoted to tests on beam specimens prepared in the field and sent to the Research Laboratory for analyses. The fourth was purely a laboratory study …

Stability Investigation Of Bituminous Pavements, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This stability investigation was started by the Bituminous Division of the Highway Materials Research Laboratory, Lexington, Kentucky during the month of October, 1944, and was completed the first of March 1945. The purpose of this investigation was to develop information on the design and control of asphalt pavements. The data presented may be used to compare mixes made from commercial aggregates with mixes containing local aggregates. It is believed that sufficient amount of reliable data is presented in this report to enable the design engineer to use the Marshall stability equipment and testing procedure to select the best available aggregate …

Stability Investigation Of Bituminous Pavements, Kentucky Highway Materials Research Laboratory

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This stability investigation was started by the Bituminous Division of the Highway Materials Research Laboratory, Lexington, Kentucky, during the month of October, 1944, and was completed thee first of March, 1945. The purpose of this investigation was to develop information on the design and control of asphalt pavements. The data presented may be used to compare mixes made from commercial aggregates with mixes containing local aggregates. It is believed that sufficient amount of reliable data is presented in this report to enable the design engineer to use the Marshall stability equipment and testing procedure to select the best available aggregate …