Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Research On Pavement Crack Segmentation Based On Swin-U, Wang Hua, Wang Liangcai, Xiong Feng, Hu Jing

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To address the issues of overfitting,low computational speed,and insufficient target information extraction in pavement crack segmentation tasks,this study proposed a Swin-U network model based on the U-Net architecture.The model adopted the Swin-Transformer as the feature extraction module to enhance the model ’s fitting capability and enable more accurate crack feature extraction,thereby enhancing segmentation accuracy.Additionally,a stable loss function,Focal Loss,was introduced to improve the accuracy of target segmentation.Experiment results on a proprietary pavement crack dataset show that the Swin-U network model achieves pixel-level segmentation of crack images and significantly outperforms the traditional U-Net.On the test set,it improves the intersection over union and …

Long-Term Water P Ermeability Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Under Wide-Scope Void Ratio, Chen Sanxi, Guan Hongxin, Yao Ming, Mo Zhiwei, Jiang Wangheng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to compare the water pe rmeability performance of asphalt mixtures with different void ratios after scouring and clogging,self-developed equipment was adopted to conduct vertical water permeability tests,dynamic water scouring-based water permeability tests,water pressure tests,and simulated clogging tests on semi-open-graded DK- 13 mixtures with void ratios of 9%,11%,and 13%,as well as open-graded PA- 13 mixtures with void ratios of 15%,17%,and 19%.The experimental results show that:① The water permeability performance of the asphalt mixture becomes better as the void ratio increases.The water permeability coefficient changes relatively small after the void ratio of the asphalt mixture reaches 15%,which is attributed to …

Research On Key Construction Monitoring Technology Of Long-Span Skewed Arch And Curved Beam Bridge, Xu Yufeng, Zhang Zhantao, Xie Yunfei, Li Zihui

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

As a new structure with sloping arch ribs and curved main beams,a skewed arch and curved beam bridge markedly differs from the conventional bridge in construction monitoring technology due to its complex structure and prominent spatial effect.To investigate the key technology in construction monitoring,this study took a long-span skewed arch and curved beam bridge as the engineering background and discussed construction process simulation analysis,field monitoring,and parameter identification and adjustment of the bridge.The results show that the plate-shell unit model has higher calculation accuracy and can comprehensively show the stresses in all directions of the bridge compared with the beam element …

Study On Aerodynamic Optimization Of Π-Shaped Cable-Stayed Bridge With Vortex-Induced Vibration In Mountainous Areas, Zeng Min, Liu Hanyun, Mao Na, Chen Baixiang, Han Yan, Li Chunguang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Given vortex-induced vibrations of bridges caused by high wind attack angles in mountainous canyons,this study investigated the vortex-induced dynamic characteristics of a Π-shaped steel-concrete composite beam cable-stayed bridge in a mountainous canyon under high wind attack angles based on wind tunnel tests and examined aerodynamic measures for vortex suppression.Firstly,a finite element model of the bridge was established,and the dynamic characteristics of the bridge in both the completed and construction states were analyzed.Subsequently,a 1∶50 scale detailed segment model was designed based on similarity theory to analyze the vortex-induced vibration performance of the original main beam under conventional wind attack angles of …

Wind Tunnel Experiment On Wind-In Duced Vibration Performance Of Arch-Shaped Inclined Steel Bridge Tower In Construction Free-Standing State Using Ae Roelastic Model, Xu Peijun, Deng Fei Yun, Chen Shixuan, Zhang Jiren

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

This paper presented a wind tunnel experimental study on the wind-induced response characteristics of a rectangular-sectioned arch-shaped inclined steel bridge tower during the construction free-standing stage.A 1:50 scaled aeroelastic model was employed to conduct experiments at different wind yaw angles β (0°‒180°).The experimental results indicate:① under the uniform flow field,the tower in its free-standing state does not experience galloping when the bridge ’s wind speed reaches 60 m/s;② under the uniform flow field,the tower exhibits bending vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs ) along the bridge direction or transverse to the bridge direction.However,the amplitudes of the tower top displacements associated with these VIVs …

Numerical Simulation Study On Scour Erosion Of Bridge Pile Foundations In Service, Wang Shang, Mi Jiangchuan, Chen Mingtao, Song Dan, Zhang Qiao, Zhang Yong, Wang Weixiao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Bridge pile foundations in servic e are subjected to long-term scour erosion caused by sediment-laden water flow,leading to a gradual expansion of the eroded and worn areas.This in turn results in varying degrees of damage to the pile foundation structure and reduces the durability and safety of the bridge.In order to study the impact of scour erosion on bridge pile foundations,this study took the Hanjiang No.1 Bridge in Ankang City as the research object.The ANSYS FLUENT software was used to conduct three-dimensional numerical simulations of the pile foundation and analyze the distribution characteristics and patterns of scour erosion under different …

Research On Influence Of Shield Synchronous Grouting Parameters On Surface Deformation, Luo Xu, Zhang Zhaofeng, Fu Helin, Cao Guiqian, Zhao Chuanming

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to determine reasonable grouting parameters,control surface settlement,and reduce the risk of excessive surface settlement caused by irrational synchronous grouting parameters,this study studied the shield tunnel project between maglev T 2 station and maglev T 3 station.A numerical simulation method was adopted to study the influence of grouting pressure,grouting volume,and the elastic modulus of slurry on surface deformation.The results show that the tunnel synchronous grouting has a significant effect on surface settlement control.A greater grouting pressure,equivalent grouting layer thickness,and elastic modulus of slurry mean a smaller surface settlement.As the three parameters increase,the variation range of surface settlement decreases and …

Intelligent Vehicle Path Tracking Control Integrating Road Adhesion Constraints, Zhang Zhiguo, Wang Pu, Zhang Xinglong, Wang Yan

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In the field of fault-tolerant control for intelligent vehicle path tracking,the existing methods based on model predictive control (MPC ) have limitations.They often assume that the vehicle model parameters are fixed and ignore the impact of dynamic changes in model parameters,which are caused by factors such as vehicle load changes and external environmental interference,on the path tracking accuracy.When the steering system fails,the front wheel steering angle commands calculated by MPC cannot be directly executed and need to be converted into yaw moment control.Although the existing sliding mode yaw moment control methods have strong robustness,the chattering problem affects the stability and …

Research On Parametric Method Of Highway Bim Based On Digital Delivery, Li Jinlong, Wang Xinnan

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

By analyzing the application points and the current situation of digital delivery in each stage of highway engineering construction,this study found that the lack of parameter management and definition in the modification and refinement process of building information modeling (BIM ) source files at each stage led to difficulties in the splitting and refinement of BIM at each stage and even the need for reconstruction.To this end,a method for strengthening the overall planning of the whole life cycle was proposed.By clarifying the demand for model parameters according to the application points of each stage,a mechanism for parameter reservation and classification …

Reconstruction Plan Of Small-Spacing Interchange Connection Sections On Expressway : A Case Study Of Xinlong‒Gangkou Interchange On Zhongshan‒Jiangmen Expressway, Jie Qiang, Fu Xinsha

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The plan design for the small-spacing interchange connection on the expressway directly affects operational efficiency and driving safety.To achieve the conversion of traffic flow between different expressways,this study explored the reconstruction plan of the connection section under the condition that the interchange spacing did not meet the Design Specification for Highway Alignment (JTG D20‒2017 ) and investigated two connection schemes,including auxiliary lane and collector-distributor lane by taking the Xinlong –Gangkou interchange of the Zhongshan‒Jiangmen Expressway reconstruction and expansion project as an example.The results show that the auxiliary lane is recommended in consideration of the long-term service level,speed coordination,operational efficiency,and engineering …

Design Of Champlain Bridge In Canada, Xie Yaning, Zhou Yanfeng, Marwan Nader

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The Champlain Bridge,an iconic gateway spanning the St.Lawrence River in Montreal,showcases not only the excellence of engineering but also becomes an integral part of the city ’s landscape.With a main span of 240 m,the bridge employs a unique single-pylon harp-shaped double-plane cable-stayed structure.The upper pylon is inspired by a tuning fork in its lateral design,while the upper crossbeam artfully mimics the shape of a bow tie,endowing the bridge with a visual beauty that harmoniously blends elegance and strength.The bridge deck,with a total width of 60 m,was the widest double-plane cable-stayed bridge in the world when it was completed.The typical spans …

Research On Bridge Jacking Decision Based On Carbon Emission Analysis, Zhang Xinmin, Hu Chengze, Gao Hongbo, Yang Yunping, Sun Zhihong, Cao Hongyou

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To lift the longitudinal section of existing bridges in highway reconstruction and expansion projects due to insufficient under-bridge clearance,this study took the reconstruction of a 32.5 m T-beam bridge in the reconstruction and expansion project of the Guangzhou‒Shenzhen Expressway as the research object.By using a carbon emission factor method,carbon emissions of three reconstruction schemes,including broken-column jacking,conversion of bearing pads into bridge piers,and demolition and reconstruction,were calculated under different lifting heights,and the corresponding construction and installation costs were compared.The results show that when the longitudinal section of the bridge is lifted to a certain height,the economic benefits of the broken-column jacking …

Research On Rc-Uhpc Composite Slab Frame Culvert Technology In Wave-Affected Areas, Qiu Junfeng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To address the problems in the construction of offshore bridges and culverts such as the structures susceptible to waves,limited layout,and high cost of soft foundation treatment,this paper proposed a new technical solution for reinforced concrete and ultra-high performance concrete (RC-UHPC ) composite slab frame culverts.With supporting engineering,the ordinary box culvert was selected as a comparison scheme for technical and economic analysis,and the design points and construction procedures of new structures were introduced.Based on the calculation results of the overall bearing force,the bearing performance of the top slab under different load conditions was analyzed,along with an investigation of the secondary internal …

Inverse Analysis Of Thermal Parameters Of Concrete Box Girder Based On De-Bp Neural Network, Yao Yong, Yan Yu, Sun Bo Wen, Wang Yuesong, Jiang Tianyong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In view of temperature cracks in concrete box girders easily occurring during construction,an inverse analysis method based on uniform design theory and differential evolution back propagation (DE-BP ) neural network was proposed to accurately obtain the thermal parameters of concrete box girders and ensure the reliability of temperature analysis of concrete box girders.This method established the nonlinear relationship between the temperature peak of characteristic points and the thermal parameters through the DE-BP neural network.By using the uniform design method and the Abaqus finite element numerical model,130 sets of sample data were generated.Based on the ratio of 12∶1 for training samples …

Field Test Research On Optimization Of Smooth Blasting Parameters Based On Drilling Speed, Wang Haitao, Lu Jianghua, Liu Yang, Huang Mingli, Wu Xuan

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

This study aims to address poor adaptability and timeliness in the design of smooth blasting hole parameters in t he past.With the drilling and blasting method-based construction of large cross-section tunnels in Botanggou and Tielugou along the Zunhua‒Qinhuangdao Expressway as the research background and Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade surrounding rocks of porphyritic granite as the research object,statistical regression analysis and theoretical derivation were conducted on the measured data during on-site drilling according to the rock solidity coefficient.Based on this,a simple parameter design method for a smooth blasting layer based on the drilling speed index of an air leg anchor rod …

Distribution Characteristics Of Internal Distress And Maintenance Decision-Making For Asphalt Pavement Based On Three-Dimensional Ground-Penetrating Radar, Li Xiaohua, Song Liang, Ye Wei, Xie Xiaodong, Yang Jiangang, Gao Jie

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The distribution characteristics of internal distress in pavement structures and the corresponding maintenance decisions are crucial for improving road performance and extending service life.Based on three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar (3D GPR ) technology,this study investigated the internal distress of a 12-kilometer section of both driving and overtaking lanes of an expressway in Hubei Province.High-resolution images of internal pavement distress were obtained,and milling maintenance decisions were optimized by employing these images and a modular decision-making model.Through an efficient and non-destructive technique,the distribution characteristics of internal pavement distress were analyzed,and potential distress types were identified,providing a scientific basis for maintenance decision-making.Data analysis revealed …

Treatment And Activation Effects On Kaolinite-Based Earth Concrete, Mojtaba Kohandelnia, Maroua Zerzouri, Ammar Yahia, Kamal H. Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Self-consolidating earth concrete (SCEC) addresses the long construction process of conventional earthen constructions and their structural limitations, while further efforts are needed to enhance its sustainability. This study explores the development of a kaolinite-based self-consolidating earth paste (SCEP) due to their blended powder system, incorporating raw and treated (calcined and ground-calcined) kaolinite under various activation techniques, such as water hydration, sodium hexametaphosphate (NaHMP), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) activation. The synergistic effect of calcination and mechanosynthesis on rheological, mechanical, structural, and microstructural properties of SCEP were investigated. Mechanically treated kaolinite increased yield stress, plastic viscosity, storage modulus evolution, and build-up index, …

Development Of A Health And Wellness Assessment For Kytc Personnel, Gabriel Dadi, Farshid Taherpour, Caitlin Pope

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Highway construction workers operate in high-stress, hazardous settings where they have to perform physically taxing labor in environments where exposure to variable weather conditions, heavy equipment, high volumes of vehicle traffic, and other conditions that induce stress and anxiety are the norm. Up to 70% of workers in this industry have reported experiencing mental health issues, including secondary traumatic stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders. Few state departments of transportation, however, offer adequate resources staff can draw on to effectively manage their psychological well-being. To help Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) roadway maintenance and construction workers develop …

Key Determinants In Electric Vehicle Charging Station Locations, Sania Pirouzi

Theses (2016-Present)

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) requires metropolitan areas to strategically plan the placement of charging infrastructure to support accessibility, efficiency, and sustainability. This study investigates key determinants for the optimal siting of EV charging stations, using Houston, Texas, as a case study. Through a comprehensive literature review and expert consultation, eight critical criteria were identified: land use type, population density, median income level of residents in the area, vehicle ownership rate in the area, young and middle-aged residents share in the area, flood risk, traffic density and proximity to major roads, and educational attainment of the residents in …

Research Into Job Classifications For Kentucky Department Of Vehicle Regulation Employees, Mallory Brown, Andrew Martin, Jeeyen Koo, Jennifer Walton

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Kentucky Department of Vehicle Regulation (DVR) faces persistent challenges with employee recruitment, retention, and workforce alignment due to outdated job classifications and compensation structures. This study investigates if DVR’s reliance on the general Administrative Specialist job series is warranted given the duties performed by its staff. Through a job task analysis, financial modeling, and personnel data review, researchers assessed the feasibility of introducing a new DVR-specific job series based on the Vehicle Regulation Specialist (VRS) position currently being used by the Division of Motor Carriers. The proposed VRS series includes two levels — VRS I (Grade 13) and VRS …

Nebraska Balanced Mix Design - Phase Ii, Farzad Yazdipanah, Mahdieh Khedmati, Jamilla Teixeira, Hamzeh Haghshenas

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

This study aimed to propose a performance-based framework to evaluate highly recycled asphalt mixtures containing polymer-modified binders for potential use in a balanced mix design (BMD) specification in the state of Nebraska. For that, loose and compacted mixtures were directly collected from plant and field projects within a benchmarking study, subjected to an extensive experimental program. The laboratory investigation employed different monotonic tests recommended in BMD Phase 1, as well as the dynamic modulus test. Three long-term aging protocols were investigated in terms of their impact on the mechanical, rheological, and chemical characteristics of asphalt mixtures and binders. Moreover, field …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Various Types Of Inert And Active Fillers On Asphalt Mixture Performance, Mohammad Hadizadeh Pirbasti

LSU Master's Theses

Abstract:

The performance of asphalt mixtures is significantly influenced by the type and characteristics of fillers used as a replacement for filler part of the aggregates’ batching. According to this research investigation the performance along with durability characteristics of asphalt mixtures are evaluated through different inert and active fillers. The fillers used include Fly Ash, Cement, steel slag powder, and additional filler. These fillers incorporate into two types of asphalt mix design of Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) and a surface mix. Fillers are categorized according to their reactive properties alongside their physical attributes leading to active fillers strengthening bond formation …

Airfield Pavement Management Framework Using Advanced Modeling Techniques, Heena Dhasmana, Marwa Hassan, Elise Mansour

Publications

Airport authorities constantly collect pavement condition data and utilize life-cycle cost analysis to select construction and maintenance alternatives. The current Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5380-7B recommends using Pavement Condition Index (PCI) to assess airfield pavement condition for planning of Maintenance and Rehabilitation (M&R) treatments. However, structural and functional performance might not be fairly represented by solely one indicator, the PCI. The latter might mask the root cause of the pavement deterioration and lead to inadequate M&R recommendations. Furthermore, the regression nature of the existing airfield pavement assessment models is not adequate for establishing pavement performance prediction as a …

Optimizing The Sustainability Of Asphalt Pavements Through Incorporating Crumb Rubber In High-Modulus Asphalt Concrete (Hmac) Mixtures In Louisiana, Heena Dhasmana, Marwa Hassan, Mohamed Abdelmageed

Publications

Asphalt mixtures are traditionally produced using the Superpave mix design method, which emphasizes volumetric properties; however, current research is shifting toward performance-based and sustainable approaches. Within this context, the French High Modulus Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) design focuses on achieving specific performance criteria for workability, stiffness, rutting resistance, and fatigue behavior, employing a hard binder with higher asphalt content and fewer air voids than Superpave mixes. In this study, HMAC mixtures were developed using crumb rubber and locally sourced Louisiana materials. Five HMAC mixes using PG 76-22 and PG 67-22 binders with 10% and 20% crumb rubber were prepared, along with …

Hickory Street Square Revitalization, Spencer Knight, Grace Dungan, Tim Kula, Evan Lauritsen, Lindsey Mennenga

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The Hickory Street Square Revitalization Project seeks to transform a central public space in Sidney, Nebraska into a dynamic, community-oriented area that supports local events, economic activity, and cultural heritage. The project addresses six core objectives: 1) convertible street design, 2) parking lot reconfiguration, 3) public amenities, 4) event flexibility, 5) lighting and signage, and 6) old electric plant renovation. A conceptual design was developed by the design team (S.T.E.E.L. Sentinel Solutions) by synthesizing the most effective features of three preliminary alternatives, shaped further through community feedback and evolving project constraints. The final project design minimizes disruption to existing activity …

Stop Design: Rethinking The Approach To Public Transit's Architecture, Elizabeth M. Nielsen

Architecture Masters of Science Program: Theses

Public spaces are the foundation of our social health and wellbeing, but are often designed without considering the needs of the public, creating spaces that people do not feel encouraged to use. Just as public space design as a whole often falls short of serving the public, the same can be said for a subset of public space design, public transit stops. While they are public spaces created for the purpose of waiting, their design rarely reflects this.

Well-designed public transit stops are capable of both maintaining existing ridership and drawing in new riders. Most commonly, this design occurs at …

Impacts Of Cognitive Workload On Veteran Driver Reaction Time: Predictive Modeling Using Bayesian And Machine Learning Methods, Kenneth Ofosu-Kwabe

All Theses

In high-demand environments, the ability to manage cognitive workload can mean the difference between optimal or safe performance and critical failure or accidents. Veterans face an elevated risk of fatal motor vehicle accidents due to post-deployment stress, combat-related injuries, and challenges readjusting to civilian driving. This study explores how cognitive workload affects reaction time performance using a driving simulator by collecting and analyzing subjective workload ratings (using the NASA-TLX survey), physiological signals from eye-tracking and performance data from a sample of 28 Veterans.

We examined how task difficulty, cognitive indicators and personal attributes influence reaction times across an interactive driving …

Drainage Area Limitations Of Single Watershed, Peak Flow Estimates From Nrcs Methods, Timothy A. Maughan, Rollin H. Hotchkiss, Riley Hales

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

Most state Department of Transportation roadway design sections predict peak flow for culvert design using, amongst other approaches, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) TR-20 technology. Even though this technology is more than 50 years old, there are no clear guidelines for how large a single watershed drainage area may be while remaining appropriate for predicting peak discharge with this method. Our objective was to identify the drainage area where TR-20 peak flow predictions significantly deviate from flow frequency predictions. We developed flow frequency estimates for 130 small-area stream gage sites in rural Nebraska and compared the calculated return period discharges …

Vibration-Based Algorithm For Diagnostic And Prognostic Condition Monitoring Of Railroad Bearings And Wheels, Jeffery Ray Pams

Theses and Dissertations

Bearing and wheel failure accounts for the majority of equipment-related train derailments on US railroads. Current wayside monitoring systems have been insufficient in the prevention of catastrophic derailments prompting the rail industry to explore the possible integration of onboard condition monitoring systems into their rail operations. The University Transportation Center for Railway Safety (UTCRS) in partnership with Hum Industrial Technology, Inc., has developed a wireless onboard system intended for the condition monitoring of railroad bearings and wheels. This thesis presents the development, evaluation, and implementation of an algorithm designed to be used in conjunction with these systems to provide railroad …

False Information Attack Detection In A Connected Vehicle Environment With Quantum Inspired Long Short-Term Memory, Jean Michel M. Tine

All Theses

Wireless communication Systems enabling Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) data exchange, supported by technologies such as Cellular-V2X (C-V2X), has introduced significant cybersecurity challenges, particularly the threat of false information attacks that can compromise traffic safety and efficiency. In this thesis, the author focuses on identifying false information cyber-attack on V2I, in which vehicles are sending Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) to a Roadside Unit (RSU) and RSUs are collecting, processing and communicating data back to Connected Vehicles (CVs) to support different CV applications. Despite advances in anomaly detection using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, these models often struggle with computational efficiency …