Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

The Role Of Academic Competitions In Promoting Architectural Education: Tamayouze Excellence Award In Iraqi Architectural Education - Case Study, Nairy Mugardich Krikor, Anwar Subhi Ramadan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The importance of architectural competitions has emerged in finding the best designs, upgrading and architectural advancement in both practice and thinking. Architectural competitions have become intellectual meetings that contribute to stimulating self-learning and encouraging creativity. They act as an educational tool that leads to competition, giving motivation to the development of skills and learning, in a way that enhances the integration between architectural theory and practical practice for both engineers and architecture students. The research was concerned with studying the effective role of academic competitions in architectural education as one of the ways to improve teaching and learning, and to …

Analysis And Mitigation Of Cyber-Attacks Targeting Infrastructures Operated By Iot Systems, Raja Salih Mohammed Hasan, Nadia Mahmood Ali, Ihsan Jabbar Hasan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Numerous countries have a high impact on providing the planet with critical infrastructures offering very important services employed in different fields such as water resources management, public services, power grids, telecoms, commercials, and transportation. The increasing solutions in IoT systems made it possible to exploit internet connection services for supporting the critical infrastructures. The latest are being targeted by various types of cyber-attacks due to the advancement in internet services. Therefore, improving the security systems and the ways to detect the threats is highly required. Meanwhile, protecting the critical infrastructures from hostile cyber-attacks is of high significance. This article examines …

Reliability Assessment Model Of Network Operating System Based On Convolution Neural Network, Jamal N. Hasoon, Sarah S. Qasim, Mohammed A. Alshomali, Jane J. Stephan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The paper's subject is one of the points of fundamental significance in improving the development of complex computer systems is the effect of errors since their probability of occurrence in a widely distributed system is exceptionally high. Thus, the computer system must be dependable and provide comprehensive support for fault tolerance, fault detection, signal recovery mechanisms, failure prediction, etc. The goal is to develop a way to evaluate the reliability of the Red Hat Linux operating system utilizing data sets of system failures obtained from system injection with error reports using the Fault Injection Benchmarking and Reliability) FIBR( (for a …

Investing Traditional Architecture That Fulfills The Supreme Human Needs With Its Spiritual Dimension In Reconstruction / The Architecture Of Old Mosul City, A Case Study, Sinan Mohammad Talee Al-Saffar, Anwar Subhi Ramdan Al - Qaraghuli

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Architecture has sought since time immemorial to meet multiple human needs, starting from the basic physiological needs for human survival, psychological needs (social and individual) to needs related to human progress, such as taking into account the aesthetic and spiritual aspects, which represent the highest levels of those needs, through a set of design aspects and characteristics. This research is based on the study of the spiritual dimension of higher human needs in general that architecture seeks to meet, by studying that in the architecture of traditional cities, in particular, to enhance architectural knowledge with regard to the importance of …

The Role Of Algorithms In Formulating The Architectural Formation, Ghada Ghalib Abdul Wahab, Younis Mahmood M. Salem

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Algorithms are mathematical processes that provide step-by-step instructions for solving a specific problem. They are commonly used in computer science and other technical fields to automate processes and solve complex problems. One great application of algorithms is the generation of shapes. Algorithms can be used to create complex shapes and patterns that are difficult or impossible to create manually. We will explore how algorithms can be used as a mechanism to generate shapes by adopting the Voronoi algorithm because it provides a wide environment for creativity through new intellectual processes that may not occur at all in the human mind …

The Detection Of Android Malwares Using The Features Selection Technique, Farah Rafid Salman, Amer Abdulmajeed Abdulrahman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The use of Android smartphones has been rising quickly as Internet-based services gain more popularity and develop. The Android operating system's enormous popularity has drawn malware attacks on these devices. It is difficult and ineffective to detect malware versions with features that modify their behavior in order to avoid detection by machine learning (ML) techniques. Effective feature selection plays a crucial role in detecting malware characteristics and reduces the dimensionality of a large dataset by removing unnecessary features that are not useful and keeping those relevant features that increase classification accuracy and detection rate. This helps to solve the problems …

A Review Of Polymer – Particles Composite Materials, Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon, Ayad Abbood Abdul Al-Hassan, Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

In several engineering applications traditional materials are replacedby composite materials. Filled composite materials consist of the continuousmatrix and the filling particles. The primary purpose of introducing inorganicsolid particles into polymers is to essentially increase mechanical and physicalproperties. The wear properties of polymer composite can be changed to agreater degree by modifying the process of preparing the filled compositematerials. In the present review, a large-scale research has been conductedon the effect of wear on the composites of polymers. The effect of filler onthe polymer composites wear behavior has been thoroughly explained

Ability Of Replacing The Steel Strands By Cfrp In Pre-Stressed Concrete Girders: Art Review, Ahmed Salim Edan, Wael Shawky Abdulsahib

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are the modern,trustworthy alternatives to steel tendons and rebars. The bulk of currentresearch is devoted to establishing the feasibility of incorporating carbonfibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) into reinforced concrete girders byevaluating the strength and reliability of CFRP and concrete components.In order to improve fatigue and corrosion resistance, CFRPs are crucial.Comparing reinforced prestressed concrete bridge girders strengthenedwith conventional steel reinforcement to those reinforced with CFRPs offersthe possibility of greatly increasing service life. Also widely researchedand used in bridge engineering as a corrosion-resistant substitute for steelreinforcement is CFRP composite material. The use of carbon fiber-reinforcedplastic (CFRP) reinforcement for prestressing concrete …

A Review Article On The Performance Based Seismic Design Of Structures, Reem Hatem Ahmed, Sahar Elaiwi, Shelan Hameed Ameen

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

For the most part, seismic design builds complex structural systems using the same small number of essential structural components as non-seismic design projects. Based on the building regulations, structures are frequently designed to "withstand" the largest earthquake with a given likelihood that is projected to happen at their location. This means that by avoiding structures from collapsing, the number of fatalities must be maintained to a minimal. Seismic design involves knowing the many failure modes regarding a structure and giving it the right stiffness, strength, ductility, and layout for ensuring that these modes do not take place. In this essay, …

Assessment Of Spatial Variability Of Groundwater Potential Using Remote Sensing And Gis-Based-Criteria Evaluation For Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Augustina Alexander

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Groundwater is an important resource for the continuous provision of water supply in both urban and rural areas. Lack of enough knowledge about the spatial variability of groundwater potential zones (GWPZS) has a negative impact on groundwater extraction development and management and may result into over exploitation. In this study, analytic hierarchy approach (AHP)-coupled with multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and GIS techniques were employed to integrate hydrogeological, geological as well as topographical data to assess spatial variability of groundwater potential zones of Dar es Salaam city. Seven thematic layers such as lithology, slope, land-use, lineament, drainage, soil, and rainfall …

Challenges In Optimization For The Performance On Sustainability Dimensions In Reverse Logistics Social Responsibility, Sumarsono Sudarto, Katsuhiko Takahashi, Mochammad Dewo

Makara Journal of Technology

Reverse logistics social responsibility is preferred as the most acceptable solution for addressing the challenges in stakeholders’ debate regarding social responsibility in supply chains because it involves as many actors as possible in the supply chain to perform social responsibility to achieve sustainability. This paper explores the challenges in achieving optimal policies in sustainability dimensions for collection and recycling facilities in reverse logistics. Sustainability dimensions include economic, environmental, and social aspects. The reverse logistics is modeled on System Dynamics, and a simplified statistical analysis using a contour chart is employed in numerical experiments. Results show a narrow area of optimal …

Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Fluid Flow Behavior Through Fractured Wellbore Cement, Mahya Hatambeigi

Civil Engineering ETDs

Leakage from wellbores has been a major challenge in the energy industry, leading to groundwater contamination, reduced productivity, safety hazards, and increased operating costs. Cemented annulus fractures are a common type of leakage pathway in wellbores that can form due to various physical and chemical conditions. The number of wellbore leaks continues to increase globally, making it imperative to develop a better understanding of the complex mechanisms governing fluid flow through fractured wellbore cement. Understanding the behavior of fluid flow through a leaky cemented annulus is crucial for evaluating the leakage potential and risk assessments in wellbore systems, as well …

Assessments Of The Application Of Earned Value Management System For Construction Project Performance Measurement In Zanzibar, Juma M. Matindana

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Many construction projects in developing countries including in Zanzibar suffer from time and budget overruns. The Revolution Government of Zanzibar established different bodies such as Zanzibar Contractors Registration Board (ZCRB), Zanzibar Architects, Engineers and Quantity Surveyors Registration Board (ZAEQRB), Zanzibar Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Asset Authority (ZPPDA), among others with the aim of controlling the performance of project. Often scope creep, time and cost overruns are very common problems in construction projects. This study aims at addressing those problems by assessing the use of Earned Value Management (EVM) methodology in measuring construction industry performance in Zanzibar. The study …

Gold Thin Film Electrodes For High Sensitivity & Selectivity Electrochemical Detection Of Arsenite In Water, Tybur Q. Casuse Driovínto

Civil Engineering ETDs

This is partial fulfillment of a dissertation defense on electrochemical detection of Arsenic (As) in water using gold (Au) nanofilms as sensing electrodes. The maximum contaminant level of Arsenic in drinking water is set at 10 g L^-1 by the WHO and USEPA. Electrochemical detection by linear stripping voltammetry has comparable detection limits to more expensive laboratory-based methods but with added benefits of being portable and manufacturable. The work has developed sputtered and crystallographically oriented nanofilms for detection of trace As (III). Ultraflat Au(111) oriented thin films, Au(UTF), were compared to single crystal model electrodes to identify the impacts …

Evaluating The Feasibility Of Bioenergy Production From Single And Mixed Beverage Waste And Sewage Sludge Through An Integrated Hydrothermal Liquefaction-Anaerobic Digestion System, Oluwayinka Michael Adedeji

Theses and Dissertations

Beverage waste and sewage sludge are two of the most generated waste-based biomasses. Recent interest in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of these wastes pointed to the generation of a byproduct of high dissolved organic carbon [also called aqueous co-product (ACP)]. However, ACP is being discarded which not only increases the environmental footprints of the HTL process but also results in reduced bioenergy potential. Hence, anaerobic digestion (AD) is touted as an effective utilization process of ACP for further bioenergy recovery. This study evaluated the feasibility of producing bioenergy (biocrude and biomethane) from the combination of beverage waste and sewage sludge …

Devices And Methods For Removing Perflourinated Compounds From Contaminted Water, Dibakar Bhattacharyya Phd, Anthony Saad Phd, Rollie Mills Phd, L. E. Ormsbee Phd, M Abdul Mottaleb Phd

Civil Engineering Faculty Patents

PFAS compounds have emerged as a persistent and harmful environmental pollutant that present significant challenges to health and remediation. This patent describes a new technology that employs membrane technology along with thermo-responsive adsorption-desorption processes to remove perfluorinated compounds from contaminate water.

Removal Of Hexavalent Chromium From Water By Chitosan-Enhanced Ultrafiltration, Putu A. Y. Indiasih, Anindita D. Syaifudin, Nurul Faiqotul Himma, Bambang Ismuyanto

Makara Journal of Technology

Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration has gained increasing attention as a selective separation process to remove small solutes, such as metal ions, from water or wastewater. Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is one of the metal ions in wastewater that has received considerable attention because of its toxicity. Chitosan was used in this study as the polymer to bind Cr(VI) to enhance its removal by ultrafiltration. The effects of chitosan-to-Cr(VI) ratio on Cr(VI) rejection and permeate flux were investigated. In addition, the fouling tendency was evaluated. Results showed that the addition of chitosan with a mass ratio of 12.5 increased the Cr (VI) rejection from …

Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production Through Molten Salt Electrolysis (Lisap-Mse), Jacob Ortega, Jeffrey D. Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William P. Schonberg, Daniel S. Stutts, Daoru Frank Han

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

The goal of Artemis is to establish a sustained presence on the Moon. To achieve so, numerous resources are necessary. The Moon contains several essential elements needed to sustain human presence. Most of those elements are trapped in the form of minerals. To refine those minerals into useful materials, reduction methods are needed. Most reduction methods on Earth require large amounts of mass and power which is unrealistic for early stages of building a lunar base. To solve this problem, we are developing a concept of Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production through Molten Salt Electrolysis (LISAP-MSE).

The LISAP-MSE project, if successful, …

Beirut Arab University - Faculty Of Engineering - Newsletter Issue 0, Faculty Of Engineering, Beirut Arab University

Engineering Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Molecular And Cellular Level Characterization Of Cytoskeletal Mechanics Using A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Emily M. Kerivan, Lyle Tobin, Mihir Basil, Dana N. Reinemann

Faculty and Student Publications

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is an instrument that has the ability to measure nanogram-level changes in mass on a quartz sensor and is traditionally used to probe surface interactions and assembly kinetics of synthetic systems. The addition of dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) facilitates the study of viscoelastic systems, such as those relevant to molecular and cellular mechanics. Due to real-time recording of frequency and dissipation changes and single protein-level precision, the QCM-D is effective in interrogating the viscoelastic properties of cell surfaces and in vitro cellular components. However, few studies focus on the application of this instrument to cytoskeletal systems, …

Current And Future Trends Of Construction Project Performance Models: A Review, Method Mtana

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The construction industry (CI) has experienced outstanding growth and contributed to economic growth for many countries, with enormous foreign investments that require quality projects. High pressure to reduce the construction cost and time commonly put the industry at risk of lower quality and safety of the construction facilities. Like many other developing countries, Tanzania needs more stringent quality control measures in the construction sector to contribute positively to sustainable growth. This study thus reviews current and future trends in construction industry performance in Tanzania. The literature review on construction projects (CPs) performance is based on information on time overruns from …

Exploring Current And Future Research Trends On Safety Climate In Construction Projects, Kamugisha Joseph Kajumulo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Clients, consultants, and contractors in the construction industry can benefit from a safety climate by obtaining knowledge of attitudes and perceptions for better safety outcomes. However, the current and future research trends for safety climate in construction projects have not yet been fully examined. In order to solve this problem, a systematic review of previous research findings using a social network approach must be conducted, and future trends for the safety climate in building projects must be identified. Sixty-three peer reviewed articles were gathered to study the literature on safety climate in construction projects. A social network approach was employed …

Effect Of Class C And Class F Fly Ash On Early-Age And Mature-Age Properties Of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Paste, Sukanta K. Mondal, Carrie Clinton, Hongyan Ma, Aditya Kumar, Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To Promote the Sustainable Development of Eco-Efficient Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) Cements through the Partial Replacement of the CSA Clinker with Supplementary Cementitious Waste Products, the Effects of Coal Fly Ashes on the Early-Age and Mature-Age Properties of a Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA)-Based Cement Paste Were Investigated. the Impacts of Both Class C and Class F Fly Ashes on the Rheological Properties, Hydration Kinetics, and Compressive Strength Development of CSA Cement Paste Were Studied. Rheology-Based Workability Parameters, Representing the Rate of Loss of Flowability, the Rate of Hardening, and the Placement Limit, Were Characterized for the Pastes Prepared with Fixed Water-To-Cement (W/c) …

Measurement Of Volumetric Deformation, Strain Localization, And Shear Band Characterization During Triaxial Testing Using A Photogrammetry-Based Method, Sara Fayek, Xiong Zhang, Xiaolong Xia, Qingqing Fu, Jeffrey D. Cawlfield

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Triaxial Testing Has Been Routinely Used as a Standard Laboratory Test that Allows Correct Determination of Soil Characteristics. Previously the Volumetric Strain of the Triaxial Specimen Was Considered to Be Uniformly Distributed Along with the Specimen during the Isotropic and Deviatoric Loading. Although This Assumption Might Hold True under Isotropic Loading, the Effects of Restrained Ends and Disturbance during the Procedures of Specimen Installation and Testing Can Cause Nonuniform Strains throughout the Whole Specimen. This Paper Investigates the Effects of Specimen Preparation and Misalignment on the Strain Uniformity Along with the Soil Specimen during Triaxial Testing. a Series of Consolidated …

Point Density For Soil Specimen Volume Measurements In Image-Based Methods During Triaxial Testing, Sara Fayek, Xiong Zhang, Javad Galinmoghadam, Jeffrey D. Cawlfield

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Discrete Measurement Targets Were Frequently Utilized in Image-Based Methods on the Specimen's Surface to Monitor the Soil Specimen during Triaxial Testing. However, the Required Density of Measurement Targets that Should Be Used in Triaxial Testing to Achieve Highly Accurate Volume Measurement Has Not Been Investigated. to overcome This Limitation, This Paper Presents a Parametric Study to Determine the Optimum Target/point Densities to Be Utilized on the Triaxial Soil Specimen Surface to Achieve the Desired Level of Volume Measurement Accuracy in Image-Based Methods. LiDAR Scanning Was Applied to Establish the "Ground Truth" Volume of the Specimen. the Effects of Deformation and …

Treating Contaminated Water: Predicting Reactivities Of Aqueous Organic Contaminants With Hydrated Electrons, And Development Of A Biogarden To Manage Greywater Discharge In Monteverde, Costa Rica, Rose C. Daily

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Advanced reduction processes (ARPs) that generate highly reactive solvated electrons (e^-_aq) are a promising method for the destruction of conventional and emerging aqueous organic contaminants. While there is a large database of contaminant reactivity with e^-_aq in the literature, there is little information on the detailed elementary mechanisms for reduction of multifunctional group compounds and the impact of those functional groups on reactivity. As it is difficult to determine specific mechanisms through experiments and time consuming to measure reactivity, the development of computational approaches to elucidate mechanisms and predict reactivity is becoming increasingly important. In …

Development Of Polymeric Sorbents As Reusable Filtration Systems For Remediation Of Pfas Contaminated Water, E. Molly Frazar

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Decades of use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a multitude of consumer and industry-based products have led to a devastating amount of soil and water contamination. Although these chemicals and compounds possess advantageous qualities – such as that of PFAS in the role of fire-fighting foams that have no doubt saved countless lives and homes, we must take responsibility for the anthropogenic hazards that threaten our global health. This entails being able to cost-effectively remediate problems created in the past from overuse of toxic substances that could negatively impact our future, and in this case, the future of …

Phosphorus Release And Recovery From Simulated Ferric Wastewater Sludge, Aseel Alnimer

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Phosphorus (P) is a fundamental element necessary for all life forms and a key component in the fertilizer industry. Meanwhile, the excessive load of P to water bodies due to human activities has the potential to promote eutrophication. Wastewater treatment plants remove P either biologically or chemically and produce P rich sludge which could be a potential renewable source for P. At present, commercial technologies exist for P recovery from biological wastewater sludge. However, P recovery from chemical sludge particularly iron(III)-phosphate (Fe-P) sludge generated in chemical P removal plants that use iron(III) salts remains a challenge.

This study explored, in …

Faceted Nanomaterial Synthesis, Characterizations And Applications In Reactive Electrochemical Membrane Filtration, Qingquan Ma

Dissertations

Facet engineering of nanomaterials, especially metals and metal oxides has become an important strategy for tuning catalytic properties and functions from heterogeneous catalysis to electrochemical catalysis, photocatalysis, biomedicine, fuel cells, and gas sensors. The catalytic properties are highly related to the surface electronic structures, surface electron transport characteristics, and active center structures of catalysts, which can be tailored by surface facet control. The aim of this doctoral dissertation research is to study the facet-dependent properties of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles using multiple advanced characterization techniques. Specifically, the novel atomic force microscope-scanning electrochemical microscope (AFM-SECM) and density functional theory (DFT) …

A Chemical Study Of Archaeometallurgical Ceramics From Southwestern Tanzania, Edwinus Lyaya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Archaeometallurgical ceramics, including furnaces, tuyères, and potteries, were required for successful pre-industrial iron smelting and refining. However, there are limited chemical studies on archaeometallurgical ceramics in Tanzania. This paper examined the nature of clay source in terms of refractoriness, determined whether there were multiple clay sources, and verified the refractoriness of the archaeometallurgical ceramics. An x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analytical technique and experimental re-firing of the archaeometallurgical ceramics were employed. The chemical data clustered in the mullite region on the Al2O3-SiO2-FeO ternary system indicate that iron smelters and refiners chose refractory clay sources for making archaeometallurgical ceramics. Small range and standard …