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Articles 31 - 60 of 147
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation
Development Of A Novel Bioactive Glass Suitable For Osteosarcoma-Related Bone Grafts, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
Development Of A Novel Bioactive Glass Suitable For Osteosarcoma-Related Bone Grafts, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this study, zinc borate-based glasses with increasing gallium content (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 wt % Ga) were synthesized and their effect on the viability and proliferation of preosteoblasts and osteosarcoma cancer cells were investigated. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) cell viability assays using glass degradation extracts revealed that the extracts from glasses with lower Ga contents could enhance the viability of preosteoblasts, while extracts from the glass composition with 15 wt % Ga caused statistically significant reduction of their viability. MTT cell viability assays using the extracts and osteosarcoma cells showed that only extracts from the glass composition …
Injectable Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: Evaluation Of Their Rheological And Mechanical Properties With And Without The Incorporation Of Lidocaine Hydrochloride, P. Niranjan, A. Alhalawani, S. Phull, I. Beniluz, B. Krishnan, P. Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Injectable Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: Evaluation Of Their Rheological And Mechanical Properties With And Without The Incorporation Of Lidocaine Hydrochloride, P. Niranjan, A. Alhalawani, S. Phull, I. Beniluz, B. Krishnan, P. Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Lidocaine hydrochloride is used as an anesthetic in many clinical applications. This short communication investigates the effect of complete substitution of lidocaine hydrochloride for deionized (DI) water on the physico-chemical properties of two novel glass polyalkenoate cements. Substituting DI water with lidocaine hydrochloride resulted in cements with shorter working times but comparable setting times and mechanical properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the setting reaction in cements containing DI water and lidocaine hydrochloride was completed within 24 h, post cement preparation and maturation. Further, it was explained that lidocaine hydrochloride binds to poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) due to electrostatic forces …
The Effect Of Mg²⁺ Incorporation Into The Glass Phase Of Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Basel A. Khader, Omar Rodriguez, Mark R. Towler
The Effect Of Mg²⁺ Incorporation Into The Glass Phase Of Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Basel A. Khader, Omar Rodriguez, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The suitability of glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) as injectable adhesives in orthopedics have been compromised by the presence of aluminum (Al), a component in the glass phase of all commercial GPCs. There has been considerable work on the development of Al-free GPCs which can be formulated based on calcium (Ca) zinc (Zn) silicate (Si) glasses. These materials, in terms of biocompatibility and mechanical properties, have potential for orthopedics. However, many of these experimental Al-free GPCs have setting times shorter than 60 s, restricting clinical applications. Here, the authors incorporate Magnesium (Mg) into the glass phase of Al-free GPCs in an …
Raman Spectroscopy Predicts The Link Between Claw Keratin And Bone Collagen Structure In A Rodent Model Of Oestrogen Deficiency, M. Clare Caraher, Antonia Sophocleous, J. Renwick Beattie, Olive O'Driscoll, Niamh M. Cummins, Orlaith Brennan, Fergal J. O'Brien, Stuart H. Ralston, Steven E.J. Bell, Mark R. Towler, Aymen I. Idris
Raman Spectroscopy Predicts The Link Between Claw Keratin And Bone Collagen Structure In A Rodent Model Of Oestrogen Deficiency, M. Clare Caraher, Antonia Sophocleous, J. Renwick Beattie, Olive O'Driscoll, Niamh M. Cummins, Orlaith Brennan, Fergal J. O'Brien, Stuart H. Ralston, Steven E.J. Bell, Mark R. Towler, Aymen I. Idris
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by reduced bone mass and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Low bone mineral density is known to significantly increase the risk of osteoporotic fractures; however, the majority of non-traumatic fractures occur in individuals with a bone mineral density too high to be classified as osteoporotic. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate aspects of bone health, other than bone mass, that can predict the risk of fracture. Here, we successfully predicted association between bone collagen and nail keratin in relation to bone loss due to oestrogen deficiency using Raman spectroscopy. Raman signal …
The Impact Of Gallium Content On Degradation, Bioactivity, And Antibacterial Potency Of Zinc Borate Bioactive Glass, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Wendy Stone, Mark R. Towler
The Impact Of Gallium Content On Degradation, Bioactivity, And Antibacterial Potency Of Zinc Borate Bioactive Glass, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Wendy Stone, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Zinc borate glasses with increasing gallium content (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 Wt % Ga) were synthesized and their degradation, bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF), and antibacterial properties were investigated. ICP measurements showed that increased gallium content in the glass resulted in increased gallium ion release and decreased release of other ions. Degradability declined with the addition of gallium, indicating the formation of more symmetric BO3 units with three bridging oxygens and asymmetric BO3 units with two bridging oxygens in the glass network as the gallium content in the series increased. The formation of amorphous Ca-P …
A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Ability Of Keratotic Tissue To Act As A Prognostic Indicator Of Hip Fracture Risk, J. Renwick Beattie, Diane Feskanich, M. Clare Caraher, Mark R. Towler
A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Ability Of Keratotic Tissue To Act As A Prognostic Indicator Of Hip Fracture Risk, J. Renwick Beattie, Diane Feskanich, M. Clare Caraher, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Studies have shown that Raman spectroscopic analysis of fingernail clippings can help differentiate between post-menopausal women who have and who have not suffered a fracture. However, all studies to date have been retrospective in nature, comparing the proteins in nails sourced from women, post-fracture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of a prospective test for hip fracture based on spectroscopic analysis of nail tissue. Archived toenail samples from post-menopausal women aged 50 to 63 years in the Nurses' Health Study were obtained and analysed by Raman spectroscopy. Nails were matched case-controls sourced from 161 women; 82 …
Titanium Addition Influences Antibacterial Activity Of Bioactive Glass Coatings On Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Wendy Stone, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Stephen Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Titanium Addition Influences Antibacterial Activity Of Bioactive Glass Coatings On Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Wendy Stone, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Stephen Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In an attempt to combat the possibility of bacterial infection and insufficient bone growth around metallic, surgical implants, bioactive glasses may be employed as coatings. In this work, silica-based and borate-based glass series were synthesized for this purpose and subsequently characterized in terms of antibacterial behavior, solubility and cytotoxicity. Borate-based glasses were found to exhibit significantly superior antibacterial properties and increased solubility compared to their silica-based counterparts, with BRT0 and BRT3 (borate-based glasses with 0 and 15 mol% of titanium dioxide incorporated, respectively) outperforming the remainder of the glasses, both borate and silicate based, in these respects. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy …
Potency And Cytotoxicity Of A Novel Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass/Chitosan Composite Scaffold As Hemostatic Agents, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Hassan Mahmood Jindal, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Potency And Cytotoxicity Of A Novel Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass/Chitosan Composite Scaffold As Hemostatic Agents, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Hassan Mahmood Jindal, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Chitosan-based hemostats are promising candidates for immediate hemorrhage control. However, they have some disadvantages and require further improvement to achieve the desired hemostatic efficiency. Here, a series of 1% Ga2O3-containing mesoporous bioactive glass-chitosan composite scaffolds (Ga-MBG/CHT) were constructed by the lyophilization process and the effect of various concentrations of Ga-MBG (10, 30, and 50 wt %) on the hemostatic function of the CHT scaffold was assessed as compared to that of Celox Rapid gauze (CXR), a current commercially available chitosan-coated hemostatic gauze. The prepared scaffolds exhibited >79% porosity and showed increased water uptake compared to that in CXR. The results …
Raman Spectral Variation For Human Fingernails Of Postmenopausal Women Is Dependent On Fracture Risk And Osteoporosis Status, J. R. Beattie, M. C. Caraher, N. M. Cummins, O. M. O'Driscoll, R. Eastell, S. H. Ralston, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectral Variation For Human Fingernails Of Postmenopausal Women Is Dependent On Fracture Risk And Osteoporosis Status, J. R. Beattie, M. C. Caraher, N. M. Cummins, O. M. O'Driscoll, R. Eastell, S. H. Ralston, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Patients diagnosed with osteoporosis have reported loss of fingernail resilience as the disease progresses. Keratin is the predominant protein in human nail tissue, and its structure has been postulated to be different in fingernails clipped from subjects who have sustained fragility fractures and those who have not, which may offer a window into the donor's bone health. This study was designed to qualify these differences, which may lead to the development of a novel screening tool for fracture risk. Raman spectroscopy was used to measure the fingernails of 633 postmenopausal women who presented at six fracture clinics located across the …
Common Treatments And Procedures Used For Fractures Of The Distal Radius And Scaphoid: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Common Treatments And Procedures Used For Fractures Of The Distal Radius And Scaphoid: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The distal radius and the scaphoid are the most commonly injured carpal bones among both active adults and the osteoporotic elderly. The purpose of surgical treatment is to restore form and function to the wrist. Depending on the nature of the fracture, either topical procedures or invasive surgery can be applied. This article critiques the treatments currently used for fixation of wrist fractures in order to drive the development of new materials to improve patient outcomes.
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part I. Structure And Solubility, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Mark R. Towler
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part I. Structure And Solubility, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bio glasses are employed for surgical augmentation in a range of hard tissue applications. Tantalum is a bioactive and biocompatible transition metal that has been used as an orthopedic medical device. It has a range of biological and physical properties that make its incorporation into ionic form into bioactive glass systems promising for various clinical applications. The work herein reports the characterization and properties of novel tantalum-containing glasses. A series of glasses based on the system 48SiO2-(36-X)ZnO-6CaO-8SrO-2P2O5-XTa2O5 with X varying from 0 mol% (TA0) to 0.5 mol% (TA2) were synthesized. The …
Characterization And Fracture Property Of Different Strontium-Containing Borate-Based Glass Coatings For Ti6al4v Substrates, Yiming Li, Ali Matinmanesh, Declan J. Curran, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Marcello Papini, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Characterization And Fracture Property Of Different Strontium-Containing Borate-Based Glass Coatings For Ti6al4v Substrates, Yiming Li, Ali Matinmanesh, Declan J. Curran, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Marcello Papini, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This work considered the effect of increasing Strontium ion (Sr2+) content on the structure of a series of glasses based on the B2O3-P2O5-CaCO3-Na2CO3-TiO2-SrCO3 series and their resultant fracture toughness when coated onto a surgical metal substrate. Six glasses with increasing Sr2+ content (0 to 25 mol%) were synthesized and subsequently characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and both Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) and Raman Spectroscopy. These techniques confirmed that increased Sr2+ content induced …
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part Ii. Development Of A Bioadhesive For Sternal Fixation And Repair, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Cina Mehrvar, Wendy Stone, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part Ii. Development Of A Bioadhesive For Sternal Fixation And Repair, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Cina Mehrvar, Wendy Stone, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
With over a million median sternotomy surgeries performed worldwide every year, sternal wound complications have posed a serious risk to the affected patients. A rigid therapeutic sternal fixation device has therefore become a necessity. In this work, the incorporation of up to 0.5 mol% of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), in exchange for zinc oxide (ZnO), into the SiO2-ZnO-CaO-SrO-P2O5 glass system is presented. The effect of Ta incorporation on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) prepared from them have been presented in this manuscript. The data obtained …
Surface Enabled Lab-On-A-Chip (Loc) Device For Protein Detection And Separation, Zhichao Wang
Surface Enabled Lab-On-A-Chip (Loc) Device For Protein Detection And Separation, Zhichao Wang
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Sensitive and selective chemical/biological detection/analysis for proteins is essential for applications such as disease diagnosis, species phenotype identification, product quality control, and sample examination. Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device provides advantages of fast analysis, reduced amount of sample requirements, and low cost, to magnificently facilitate protein detection research. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a strong and reliable electrophoretic technique capable of discerning proteins from complex mixtures based on the isoelectric point (pI) differences. It has experienced plenty of fruitful developments during previous decades which has given it the capability of performing with highly robust and reproducible analysis. This progress has made IEF devices …
Materials And Techniques Used In Cranioplasty Fixation: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Materials And Techniques Used In Cranioplasty Fixation: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Cranioplasty is the surgical repair of a deficiency or deformity of the skull. The purpose of cranioplasty is to provide protection for the brain following cranial surgery, and to offer relief to psychological disadvantages while increasing social performance. There are several materials that had been used for cranioplasty, but an ideal product has yet to be developed, hence the ongoing research into biologic and non-biologic alternatives to the existing materials. This article critiques the products currently used for cranioplasty in order to facilitate the development of new materials, which can improve patient outcomes.
Hydrothermal Synthesis And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass-Ceramic Nanorods, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Seyed Farid Seyed Shirazi, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Hydrothermal Synthesis And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass-Ceramic Nanorods, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Seyed Farid Seyed Shirazi, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this study fabrication of rod-like bioactive glass-ceramics (BGCs) using hydrothermal treatment based on a sol-gel precursor is reported for the first time. BGCs with composition 58 wt% SiO2, 33 wt% CaO and 9 wt% P2O5 were synthesized in different thermal conditions (200 and 220 °C) and characterised with regard to morphology, chemical composition and crystallinity. The bioactivity of the materials was assessed by immersion in simulated body fluid for up to 7 days. The results revealed that as the reaction temperature increased from 200 to 220 °C, the diameter of rods was reduced from …
Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Fingernail Clippings Can Help Differentiate Between Postmenopausal Women Who Have And Have Not Suffered A Fracture, James R. Beattie, Niamh M. Cummins, Clare Caraher, Olive M. O'Driscoll, Aruna T. Bansal, Richard Eastell, Stuart H. Ralston, Michael D. Stone, Gill Pearson, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Fingernail Clippings Can Help Differentiate Between Postmenopausal Women Who Have And Have Not Suffered A Fracture, James R. Beattie, Niamh M. Cummins, Clare Caraher, Olive M. O'Driscoll, Aruna T. Bansal, Richard Eastell, Stuart H. Ralston, Michael D. Stone, Gill Pearson, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Raman spectroscopy was applied to nail clippings from 633 postmenopausal British and Irish women, from six clinical sites, of whom 42% had experienced a fragility fracture. The objective was to build a prediction algorithm for fracture using data from four sites (known as the calibration set) and test its performance using data from the other two sites (known as the validation set). Results from the validation set showed that a novel algorithm, combining spectroscopy data with clinical data, provided area under the curve (AUC) of 74% compared to an AUC of 60% from a reduced QFracture score (a clinically accepted …
The Role Of Poly(Acrylic Acid) In Conventional Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Declan J. Curran, Daniel Boyd, Mark R. Towler
The Role Of Poly(Acrylic Acid) In Conventional Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Declan J. Curran, Daniel Boyd, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have been used in dentistry for over 40 years. These novel bioactive materials are the result of a reaction between a finely ground glass (base) and a polymer (acid), usually poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), in the presence of water. This article reviews the types of PAA used as reagents (including how they vary by molar mass, molecular weight, concentration, polydispersity and content) and the way that they control the properties of the conventional GPCs (CGPCs) formulated from them. The article also considers the effect of PAA on the clinical performance of CGPCs, including biocompatibility, rheological and …
Characterization Of Silica-Based And Borate-Based, Titanium-Containing Bioactive Glasses For Coating Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Marcello Papini, Lana M. Placek, Anthony W. Wren, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Characterization Of Silica-Based And Borate-Based, Titanium-Containing Bioactive Glasses For Coating Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Marcello Papini, Lana M. Placek, Anthony W. Wren, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bioactive glasses have found applications in diverse fields, including orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the fixation of bone and teeth and as scaffolds for drug delivery. The present work outlines the characterization of two novel titanium-containing glass series, one silica-based and one borate-based. For the silica-based series, titanium is added at the expense of silicon dioxide whereas for the borate-based series, it is added at the expense of boron oxide as confirmed by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Amorphous structures are obtained for silica-based glass at 15 mol% TiO2 and for borate-based glasses at 0 mol% and …
Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass With Potent Hemostatic Activity And Antibacterial Efficacy, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Shani Samuel, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass With Potent Hemostatic Activity And Antibacterial Efficacy, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Shani Samuel, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Haemorrhage remains the leading cause of potentially survivable death in both military and civilian populations. Although a large variety of hemostatic agents have been developed, many of them have an inadequate capacity to induce hemostasis and are not effective in killing bacteria. In recent years, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were found to be effective in inducing hemostasis. However, the materials may not be considered as ideal hemostats since they do not offer antimicrobial activity. The gallium ion (Ga+3) not only exhibits antibacterial properties but also accelerates the blood coagulation cascade. The aim of this study was to develop …
Relating Ion Release And Ph To In Vitro Cell Viability For Gallium-Inclusive Bioactive Glasses, Timothy J. Keenan, L. M. Placek, T. L. Mcginnity, Mark R. Towler, M. M. Hall, A. W. Wren
Relating Ion Release And Ph To In Vitro Cell Viability For Gallium-Inclusive Bioactive Glasses, Timothy J. Keenan, L. M. Placek, T. L. Mcginnity, Mark R. Towler, M. M. Hall, A. W. Wren
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A bioactive glass (BG) in which Ga was substituted for Zn was formulated to investigate whether the ionic form of Ga can elicit effects similar to gallium nitrate. The ion release and pH of BG extracts were evaluated, as well as the in vitro cytocompatibility of extracts in contact with mouse fibroblasts and human osteoblasts. After incubation times of 1 year, the glass (TGa-1) containing the smaller Ga-addition (8 mol%) released the most sodium (Na) (1420 mg/L), silicon (Si) (221 mg/L), and Ga (1295 mg/L), while the glass (TGa-2) containing the larger Ga-addition (16 mol%), exhibited release levels between TGa-1, …
Antibacterial Properties Of Poly (Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Composite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Antibacterial Properties Of Poly (Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Composite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bioactive glasses may function as antimicrobial delivery systems through the incorporation and subsequent release of therapeutic ions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of a series of composite scaffolds composed of poly (octanediol citrate) with increased loads of a bioactive glass that releases zinc (Zn2+) and gallium (Ga3+) ions in a controlled manner. The antibacterial activity of these scaffolds was investigated against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. The ability of the scaffolds to release ions and the subsequent ingress of these ions into hard tissue was evaluated …
Inorganic Hemostats: The State-Of-The-Art And Recent Advances, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Ivan Djordjevic, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Inorganic Hemostats: The State-Of-The-Art And Recent Advances, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Ivan Djordjevic, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Hemorrhage is the most common cause of death both in hospitals and on the battlefield. The need for an effective hemostatic agent remains, since all injuries are not amenable to tourniquet use. There are many topical hemostatic agents and dressings available to control severe bleeding. This article reviews the most commonly used inorganic hemostats, subcategorized as zeolite and clay-based hemostats. Their hemostatic functions as well as their structural properties that are believed to induce hemostasis are discussed. The most important findings from in vitro and in vivo experiments are also covered.
Raman Spectroscopy Applied To The Noninvasive Detection Of Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposits, Declan J. Curran, Laurence Rubin, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectroscopy Applied To The Noninvasive Detection Of Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposits, Declan J. Curran, Laurence Rubin, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
An off-the-shelf Raman Spectrometer (RS) was used to noninvasively determine the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals on the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) of a single gout sufferer. The spectrum sourced from the clinically diagnosed gout sufferer was compared to that sourced from an age-matched healthy subject scanned using the same protocol. Minimal signal processing was conducted on both spectra. Peaks characteristic of MSU crystals were evident on the spectrum sourced from the gout sufferer and not on the spectrum from the healthy control.
Silver Nanoparticle Coated Bioactive Glasses - Composites With Dex/Cmc Hydrogels: Characterization, Solubility, And In Vitro Biological Studies, Anthony W. Wren, Pegah Hassanzadeh, Lana M. Placek, Timothy J. Keenan, Aisling Coughlan, Lydia R. Boutelle, Mark R. Towler
Silver Nanoparticle Coated Bioactive Glasses - Composites With Dex/Cmc Hydrogels: Characterization, Solubility, And In Vitro Biological Studies, Anthony W. Wren, Pegah Hassanzadeh, Lana M. Placek, Timothy J. Keenan, Aisling Coughlan, Lydia R. Boutelle, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Silver (Ag) coated bioactive glass particles (Ag-BG) were formulated and compared to uncoated controls (BG) in relation to glass characterization, solubility and microbiology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed a crystalline AgNP surface coating while ion release studies determined low Ag release (/L). Cell culture studies presented increased cell viability (127 and 102%) with lower liquid extract (50 and 100 ml/ml) concentrations. Antibacterial testing of Ag-BG in E. coli, S. epidermidis and S. aureus significantly reduced bacterial cell viability by 60-90%. Composites of Ag-BG/CMC-Dex Hydrogels were formulated and characterized. Agar diffusion testing was conducted where Ag-BG/hydrogel composites produced the largest inhibition zones …
Bioactive Glass Reinforced Elastomer Composites For Skeletal Regeneration: A Review, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Bioactive Glass Reinforced Elastomer Composites For Skeletal Regeneration: A Review, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Biodegradable elastomers have clinical applicability due to their biocompatibility, tunable degradation and elasticity. The addition of bioactive glasses to these elastomers can impart mechanical properties sufficient for hard tissue replacement. Hence, a composite with a biodegradable polymer matrix and a bio glass filler can offer a method of augmenting existing tissue. This article reviews the applications of such composites for skeletal augmentation.
Effects Of Strontium Substitution On Bioactivity Of Hydroxyapatite, Chokchai Yatongchai, Lana M. Placek, Mark R. Towler, Anthony W. Wren
Effects Of Strontium Substitution On Bioactivity Of Hydroxyapatite, Chokchai Yatongchai, Lana M. Placek, Mark R. Towler, Anthony W. Wren
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Effect of strontium (Sr) substitution on bioactivity of hydroxyapatite (HA) was investigated. The substitution of Sr2+ for Ca2+ in the HA lattice increases biodegradability of Sr-substituted HA (Sr-HA) and accelerates the formation of apatite crystals on the Sr-HA surface. Moreover, the dissolution products from HA and Sr-HA samples are not cyto-toxic.
Fabrication And Characterization Of Poly(Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Microcomposite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Hussin A. Rothan, Rohana Yusof, Mark R. Towler, Ivan Djordjevic
Fabrication And Characterization Of Poly(Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Microcomposite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Hussin A. Rothan, Rohana Yusof, Mark R. Towler, Ivan Djordjevic
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bone can be affected by osteosarcomae requiring surgical excision of the tumor as part of the treatment regime. Complete removal of cancerous cells is difficult and conventionally requires the removal of a margin of safety around the tumor to offer improved patient prognosis. This work considers a novel series of composite scaffolds based on poly (octanediol citrate) (POC) impregnated with gallium-based bioglass microparticles for possible incorporation into bone following tumor removal. The objective of this research was to fabricate and characterize these scaffolds and subsequently report on their mechanical and biological properties. The porous micro composite scaffolds with various concentrations …
A Glass Polyalkenoate Cement Carrier For Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Russell Co, Sean Kieran, Saad Arshad, Timothy J. Keenan, Anthony W. Wren, Gazelle Crasto, Sean A.F. Peel, Mark R. Towler
A Glass Polyalkenoate Cement Carrier For Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Russell Co, Sean Kieran, Saad Arshad, Timothy J. Keenan, Anthony W. Wren, Gazelle Crasto, Sean A.F. Peel, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This work considers a glass polyalkenoate cement (GPC)-based carrier for the effective delivery of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) at an implantation site. A 0.12 CaO–0.04 SrO–0.36 ZnO–0.48 SiO2 based glass and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, Mw 213,000) were employed for the fabrication of the GPC. The media used for the water source in the GPC reaction was altered to produce a series of GPCs. The GPC liquid media was either 100 % distilled water with additions of albumin at 0, 2, 5 and 8 wt% of the glass content, 100 % formulation buffer (IFB), and 100 % BMP (150 µg …
Investigating The Solubility And Cytocompatibility Of Cao-Na2o-Sio2/Tio2 Bioactive Glasses, Anthony W. Wren, Aisling Coughlan, Courtney M. Smith, Sarah P. Hudson, Fathima R. Laffir, Mark R. Towler
Investigating The Solubility And Cytocompatibility Of Cao-Na2o-Sio2/Tio2 Bioactive Glasses, Anthony W. Wren, Aisling Coughlan, Courtney M. Smith, Sarah P. Hudson, Fathima R. Laffir, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study aims to investigate the solubility of a series of titanium (TiO2)-containing bioactive glasses and their subsequent effect on cell viability. Five glasses were synthesized in the composition range SiO2-Na2O-CaO with 5 mol % of increments TiO2 substituted for SiO2. Glass solubility was investigated with respect to (1) exposed surface area, (2) particle size, (3) incubation time, and (4) compositional effects. Ion release profiles showed that sodium (Na+) presented high release rates after 1 day and were unchanged between 7 and 14 days. Calcium (Ca2+) release …