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Articles 61 - 90 of 151

Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering

Accelerated Aging Of Adhesively Bonded Composite Joints For Use In Material Screening And Selection During Development: A Review And Case Study, Marie Danielle Flanigan Dec 2022

Accelerated Aging Of Adhesively Bonded Composite Joints For Use In Material Screening And Selection During Development: A Review And Case Study, Marie Danielle Flanigan

Theses and Dissertations

Adhesively bonded structures are used in many high-tech industries such as aerospace, automotive, and defense. The application of these joints using composite adherends has increased in recent years because of improved strength-to-weight ratio, design flexibility, and lower concern for corrosion. Quality acceptance of these structures largely depends on reliability and durability which includes influence of environmental service conditions on long-term behavior. Characterization of long-term behavior presents a difficult challenge to those involved in material selection and design due to the long service life of the joint compared to the development time available and complexity of the degradation mechanisms. Therefore, different …


Characterizing Climb And Propeller Performance For A Fixed Pitch, Single-Engine, Electric Aircraft, Austin Lawrence Andwan Dec 2022

Characterizing Climb And Propeller Performance For A Fixed Pitch, Single-Engine, Electric Aircraft, Austin Lawrence Andwan

Theses and Dissertations

Electric aircraft are on the horizon. Both industry and regulators have an abundance of flight tests ahead to ensure safe operation of these new aircraft. Conventional performance standards regaurding edurance, climb performance and cruise conditions are largely not applicable to assessing an electrically propulsed aircraft. While battery technologies are the current barrier for electric aircraft, there also hasn’t been much flight testing to reveal their unique performance trends. This experiment focus’s on characterizing some of these performance trends obtained through a level flight and climb test in the Pipistrel Velis Electro. The rate-of-climb did not exhibit a decrease when the …


Comparison Of Stability And Control Characteristics Of The Pipistrel Virus Sw And Pipistrel Velis Electro, Sean Gregory Gunther Dec 2022

Comparison Of Stability And Control Characteristics Of The Pipistrel Virus Sw And Pipistrel Velis Electro, Sean Gregory Gunther

Theses and Dissertations

This document finds the stability and control affects of electric powerplant conversion on a pre-existing internal combustion powered Pipistrel Virus SW through comparison with the Pipistrel Velis Electro. Testing included analysis of both static and dynamic stability on the longitudinal and lateral-directional axes of the airplane. Due to the light sport airplane being used in testing, some of the intedended tests were unable to be performed, however, conclusions were still capable of being made. The primary conclusion is that electric conversion of an airframe has no significant negative consequences, with the airplane still exhibiting positive stability on all three axes. …


Numerical Study Of The Effects Of Injector Geometry On The Performance Of Rotating Detonation Engines, Xavier Roy Jul 2022

Numerical Study Of The Effects Of Injector Geometry On The Performance Of Rotating Detonation Engines, Xavier Roy

Theses and Dissertations

A study of the impact of injector geometry on the performance of rotating detonation engines is performed. A numerical scheme is developed to represent the rotating detonation engine physics. In order to simulate the interaction between the chamber and the injectors, a multizone capability is implemented inside the numerical tool. The model is calibrated to represent a hydrogen-air detonation. The rotating detonation engine annular chamber is unwrapped and studied as a two-dimensional planar domain with a periodic boundary condition. Several numerical experiments are conducted. In particular, injection parameters are examined, such as the injector inflow to channel area ratio, injection …


Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness Of A Layered System Consisting Of A Carbon Nano-Reinforced Polymer Composite Coated With Metal Oxide And Graphite, Veronica Montserrat Serrato Jul 2022

Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness Of A Layered System Consisting Of A Carbon Nano-Reinforced Polymer Composite Coated With Metal Oxide And Graphite, Veronica Montserrat Serrato

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of vapor grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) reinforced polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) composite and PVDF/VGCNF thermally sprayed with magnetite (Fe3O4) and graphite has been investigated. EMI SE evaluations were performed in the frequency range of 30 kHz-1.5 GHz. The developed nanocomposite (NC) system was fabricated by high shear mixing using a Banbury type mixer. The material was then subjected to compression molding. Subsequently, the films were thermally sprayed using Fe3O4/graphite powder. The NC and coated NC films had average thicknesses of 0.82 mm and 0.93 mm, respectively. The NC films were subjected …


Propellant Optimization For A Pulsed Solid Propellant Thruster System For Small Satellites, Timothy Aaron Blackman Jul 2022

Propellant Optimization For A Pulsed Solid Propellant Thruster System For Small Satellites, Timothy Aaron Blackman

Theses and Dissertations

CubeSats have historically been used mostly for education, technology demonstration, remote sensing, and amateur radio relay applications. Yet with increased maneuvering capability, they can become effective tools in on-orbit servicing and space debris removal. To make this a reality, CubeSats must be enabled to perform effective rendezvous and proximity operations with non-cooperative client objects, requiring a high-thrust propulsion system. As CubeSats are inherently constrained in their volume and mass, any propulsion system must feature a high specific impulse to minimize the propellant mass requirement. As CubeSats are commonly launched as secondary payload, the use of pressurized propellant tanks is typically …


Flight Test Of A Floatplane Modification To The C-130j Aircraft, Daniel Jacob Kulp May 2022

Flight Test Of A Floatplane Modification To The C-130j Aircraft, Daniel Jacob Kulp

Theses and Dissertations

This report details the future flight test of a potential amphibious modification to the C-130J Super Hercules. The goal of the project is to enable an amphibious capability through the installation of dual floats via a truss structure attached to the fuselage. This project uses an iterative design process which leans heavily on digital engineering and subscale testing. Through the iterative design process, several float and truss versions underwent 6-degree of freedom aerodynamic simulation and finite element analyses to validate landing load limits and stability and control parameters. These simulators informed subsequent versions which underwent subscale physical testing in a …


Flight Test Evaluation Of Piper Seminole, Brian-Emmanuel Hopeton Walters May 2022

Flight Test Evaluation Of Piper Seminole, Brian-Emmanuel Hopeton Walters

Theses and Dissertations

After taking FTE 5702 – Stability and Control class, taught by Dr.Kimberlin, I understood the concept of using an aircraft and then testing how it handles in the air. Almost all flight tests done on aircraft are done by the manufacturer. Some aircraft may have a lot of comprehensive information available, while others have little to no information. It can also be hard to find the specific data that a pilot or owner desires. These various tests allow a greater understanding of aircraft stability and performance available for analysis and relating. The aircraft I flew during FTE 5702 class was …


Computer Vision Of Analog Gauges As An Alternative To Digital Flight Test Instrumentation, Michael William James May 2022

Computer Vision Of Analog Gauges As An Alternative To Digital Flight Test Instrumentation, Michael William James

Theses and Dissertations

Currently, there are a couple of options to gather stick force data from flight test aircraft. Either the aircraft is instrumented with costly piezoelectric force sensors and recorders integrated into the aircraft stick, or the test pilot must use a traditional analog stick force gauge with a pointer and telltale. The conventional stick force gauge works well when the pilot has the mental and physical bandwidth to read and remember, or record, the stick force values throughout the maneuver but does not suffice when in a task saturated, high g force maneuver such as the windup turn. This project proposes …


Carbon Fiber Interleaved Polyester Laminate Strength Testing With Correlation In Finite Element Simulations, Hieu Le Huynh May 2022

Carbon Fiber Interleaved Polyester Laminate Strength Testing With Correlation In Finite Element Simulations, Hieu Le Huynh

Theses and Dissertations

Delamination of composite structures under impact conditions has been a catastrophic and economic issue in the past and is still a problem today. Many techniques have been used to improve the toughness in composite laminates. An example of a previous dissertation was performed by Adnan Gheryani titled: “Analysis of Polyester Interleafs for Toughness Enhancement in Composite Structures.” Gheryani’s study shows that adding in polyester interleafs into composite laminates made primarily from carbon fiber fabric adds ductility and resists crack growth after delamination, which leads to improvement of the overall toughness of the laminate. However, improvements in toughness, strength, and stiffness …


Residual Strength Estimation Of Degraded Bonded Joints Based On Non-Destructive Evaluations, Guilherme Garcia Momm May 2022

Residual Strength Estimation Of Degraded Bonded Joints Based On Non-Destructive Evaluations, Guilherme Garcia Momm

Theses and Dissertations

Pioneer designers acknowledged structural bonding advantages over other joining methods, sparking many aerospace applications. Nonetheless, durability issues, weak bonds, and the inability to non-destructively interrogate bond quality after-the-fact hindered widespread bonding use. These challenges also contributed to several aircraft accidents, fostering extensive related research. Firstly, we examined the bonding operational history in aviation. The challenge to simulate or experimentally reproduce bonded joints’ long-term behavior under real-life conditions magnifies the value of in-service data. Since 1944 the International Civil Aviation Organization has recommended investigating aircraft incidents/accidents. Among numerous investigation reports publicly available, we identified 73 bond-related occurrences involving type-certified aircraft registered …


Autonomous Feature Detection For Capture Path Planning For Rendezvous And Docking With Non-Cooperative Spacecraft, Trupti Mahendrakar Dec 2021

Autonomous Feature Detection For Capture Path Planning For Rendezvous And Docking With Non-Cooperative Spacecraft, Trupti Mahendrakar

Theses and Dissertations

With the increasing risk of collisions with space debris and the growing interest in on-orbit servicing, the ability to autonomously capture non-cooperative, tumbling target objects remains an unresolved challenge. This thesis provides an autonomous and artificial intelligence solution to either inspect, avoid, or perform on-orbit spacecraft servicing of an uncooperative resident space object (RSO). The solution is built on the fundamentals of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is used to classify the four most targeted features of a spacecraft essential for docking and collision avoidance during rendezvous, such as solar panels, antennas, spacecraft bodies, and thrusters. The solution was then …


Numerical Validation Of A Cryogenic Thermo-Fluid Mixing Model, Sean William Bowman Dec 2021

Numerical Validation Of A Cryogenic Thermo-Fluid Mixing Model, Sean William Bowman

Theses and Dissertations

Thermal management of a hot convective gaseous flow can be achieved by the injection of a cold liquid stream. This cooling effect is constrained by the amount of liquid injected, the rate of evaporation of the liquid, and the length of the domain. In this study, such a domain is referred to as a “mixer”. The mixer used to facilitate this process is designed with a venturi geometry, such that the throat of the pipe creates a drop in the static pressure of the gaseous crossflow. Liquid coolant can thereby be passively entrained from a central pipe (plenum) by the …


Crashworthiness Of Metallic Tubes Under Off-Axial Loading, Victor Manuel Bautista Katsalukha Dec 2021

Crashworthiness Of Metallic Tubes Under Off-Axial Loading, Victor Manuel Bautista Katsalukha

Theses and Dissertations

Energy absorbing structures (EAS) are structures used to make the frame of a vehicle absorb energy during an impact scenario and keep the deceleration forces within survivable limits for the occupant(s). These structures are found in all sorts of vehicles, such as cars, helicopters, airplanes, etc., and come in many types of shapes (circular, square, triangular tubes and flat or curved plates) and materials (metals and composites). In this thesis, 304 Stainless Steel tubes with circular and square cross-sections are investigated when subject to off-axis loading at angles at 0, 5, 15 and 25°. The square tubes had two different …


Helicopter Flight Energy Modeling And Scaling For Urban Air Mobility Applications, Nolan Gene Hopkins Dec 2021

Helicopter Flight Energy Modeling And Scaling For Urban Air Mobility Applications, Nolan Gene Hopkins

Theses and Dissertations

The costs associated with conducting full-scale helicopter flight tests in terms of both time and money beg to question the validity of using small-scale model helicopters in order to predict full-scale performance. To do this, the energy change for a small time interval is determined throughout a full-scale helicopter’s flight of a given profile, and the overall energy use compared to model results. The profile is then scaled based on a variety of factors, and the accuracy of energy scaling compared for each. Scaling dimensions based off helicopter weight and energy reserve modeling show promising results, but comparison of relative …


Flight Test Evaluation Of Elevator Stick Force Gradients On General Aviation Aircraft, Isaac Lee Faust Dec 2021

Flight Test Evaluation Of Elevator Stick Force Gradients On General Aviation Aircraft, Isaac Lee Faust

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to establish a suitable method of changing elevator stick force gradients on a Piper Warrior II. After finding a range of stick force gradients, the gradients will later be evaluated to get handling qualities ratings. A stick force gradient is the change in stick force as the airspeed deviates from trim condition. An aircraft’s yoke force gives pilots haptic feedback which improves their situational awareness without the need to assess instrument readings. A high stick force gradient will give the pilots a lot of feedback but will require more physical exertion to fly the …


Experimental Study Of Progressive Crushing Behaviour In Pultruded E-Glass Tubes Using Crown Triggers And A New Perforated Trigger, Chirag Mohan Dodani Dec 2021

Experimental Study Of Progressive Crushing Behaviour In Pultruded E-Glass Tubes Using Crown Triggers And A New Perforated Trigger, Chirag Mohan Dodani

Theses and Dissertations

An experimental study is conducted on the progressive crushing behavior and the energy absorption during crushing of pultruded fiberglass tubes, initiated by two types of crush triggers, a previously tested crown trigger, and a new perforated trigger. These crush triggers are introduced at the loading end of a pultruded E-Glass/vinyl-ester, circular tube coupon. Coupons with various trigger diameters and number of holes are crushed under quasi-static compression, to evaluate the trigger effectiveness, crushing response, and energy absorption during sustained crushing. It is observed that all trigger types induced progressive crushing in the splaying mode, characterized by the formation of a …


Exploration Of Simplified Vehicle Operations For Electric Vertical Takeoff And Landing Through A Garmin Autopilot On A Piper Warrior, William Stefan Dietrich Dec 2021

Exploration Of Simplified Vehicle Operations For Electric Vertical Takeoff And Landing Through A Garmin Autopilot On A Piper Warrior, William Stefan Dietrich

Theses and Dissertations

Urban Air Mobility is an emerging concept that would allow urban transportation of both people and cargo through the air in large metropolitan cities. Because of new propulsion methods like distributed electrical propulsion, the Urban Air Mobility is concentrating on Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing aircraft to implement its concept. Controlling and maneuvering these aircraft are very different than piloting traditional general aviation even through Electric Vertical Take and Landing aircraft aim to be in the same size category. Because of the more complex controls needed for Electric Takeoff and Landing aircraft, Simplified Vehicle Operation schemes are being developed in …


Feasibility Analysis And Performance Study Of A Pulsed Solid Propellant Integrated Propulsion System For Small Satellites, Tahir Kanchwala Dec 2021

Feasibility Analysis And Performance Study Of A Pulsed Solid Propellant Integrated Propulsion System For Small Satellites, Tahir Kanchwala

Theses and Dissertations

Solid propellant has come a long way since the 13th century when gunpowder was widely used as the go-to means in rocket propulsion. Of course, back then, rockets were not intended to carry humanity out of the atmosphere. Untill the introduction of liquid propellants in the mid-20th century, solid propellants were the foundation. Still, liquid propellants aimed to add more stability and controllability to rocketry and thus were preferred over their solid counterparts. This thesis seeks to analyze a novel type of propulsive device that aims to eliminate challenges faced by both types of fuels and instead utilize the advantages …


Reduced Sample Minimum Strength Estimates For Novel Material Systems: Effects On Confidence And Structural Risk, Andrew Carl Ollikainen Jul 2021

Reduced Sample Minimum Strength Estimates For Novel Material Systems: Effects On Confidence And Structural Risk, Andrew Carl Ollikainen

Theses and Dissertations

There are ongoing efforts to standardize the materials, methods and process controls used in additive manufacturing. To support the broader use of additive manufacturing (AM) in the aerospace industry, the statistics working group of the Composite Materials Handbook (CMH-17) is evaluating whether its current methods of calculating minimum strength values are suitable for these new materials. The work presented in this dissertation investigates methods for determining minimum strength estimates in a way that will benefit application of AM materials in engineering practice. The greatest challenge in conducting such an assessment is accounting for the many variables in material, processing, and …


Scaling Flight Test Data Between A Scaled Aircraft And A Cessna 172 For Use In Trajectory Energy Model Validation, Cody William Nettleton Jul 2021

Scaling Flight Test Data Between A Scaled Aircraft And A Cessna 172 For Use In Trajectory Energy Model Validation, Cody William Nettleton

Theses and Dissertations

Currently in the general aviation sector, a new type of aircraft is rising to prominence. It is known as Urban Air Mobility (UAM) and takes many shapes and sizes. The goal of UAM is to produce aircraft that can be used to travel into and out of the city in an efficient manner through the sky. This may cut down on many people’s commutes and lower the amount of ground traffic in cities. One core component of UAM research is to determine the fuel consumption during phases of flight such as conventional takeoff and landing, as well as cruise travel …


Stability And Control Flight Testing Of The Dassault Falcon 10/100, Andres Mauricio Alarcon Vega May 2021

Stability And Control Flight Testing Of The Dassault Falcon 10/100, Andres Mauricio Alarcon Vega

Theses and Dissertations

The Falcon 10/100 is a transport category aircraft developed by Dassault Aviation in 1971. Production of the aircraft ceased in 1989, but it remains available on the secondhand market. Certification for these types of aircraft follow FAR Part 25 of the code of federal regulations. Aircraft stability and control flying qualities are dependent on the mission profile and intended use case of the aircraft. External factors, such as turbulence, are relevant for transport category aircraft because poor stability could affect the flying characteristics and result in an unpleasant ride. On the other hand, in a trimmed condition, an aircraft with …


Scaling Laws For Fixed-Wing Single-Engine Electric Propulsion Systems, Fnu Hem Lata May 2021

Scaling Laws For Fixed-Wing Single-Engine Electric Propulsion Systems, Fnu Hem Lata

Theses and Dissertations

The rise of new aircraft propulsion methods (e.g., powered by batteries, fuel cells, or hybrid electric systems), the increased use of automated and integrated flight control systems, and the envisioned use of personal Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL) vehicles in urban environments (urban aerial mobility) lead to novel technical and regulatory challenges for aircraft manufacturers, certification authorities and operators. Of primary concern are operational safety and closely connected pilot situation awareness and workload. The Trajectory Energy Management task involves manipulating flight and propulsion controls to achieve a planned flight profile. The key areas to focus on in Trajectory Energy Management …


Design And Evaluation Of A Variable Camber Morphing Wing With Compliant Flex Core And Retractable Wing Skin, Ferruccio Rossi May 2021

Design And Evaluation Of A Variable Camber Morphing Wing With Compliant Flex Core And Retractable Wing Skin, Ferruccio Rossi

Theses and Dissertations

Wing morphing was investigated as an alternative to conventional discrete flight control surfaces to provide aircraft attitude control, performance, and to enhance wing aerodynamic efficiency. A variable camber morphing wing design with 100 cm span and 34 cm chord was proposed for small UAVs operated at low velocity. The proposed morphing wing design generated trailing edge deflections via the combined action of an inner complaint flex core structure and a retractable wing skin. Wing morphing was produced by linear servos that extended and retracted the upper and lower wing skin and produced a controlled deformation of the inner complaint flex …


Performance Profile Testing Of The Dassault Falcon 10/100, Thomas Henry Bolek Roman May 2021

Performance Profile Testing Of The Dassault Falcon 10/100, Thomas Henry Bolek Roman

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of the performance profile and flight testing comparison is to practice flight test theory on a turbofan-powered aircraft, compare results to Dassault published parameters, and give insight on how this may become a module for the flight test engineering program at Florida Tech. The performance experiments conducted were takeoff performance, level acceleration, level flight performance, stall speed, and roll performance. Takeoff distance was observed using the data from the Stratus ADSB receiver, which gave GPS coordinates; additionally, takeoff distance was measured via Google Earth from the start and the takeoff location observed by the co-pilot. The takeoff field …


Analytical Airflow Solution Of A Helicopter Engine Bay And Novel Bay Cooling Cowling Design, Daniel Evan Yastishock May 2021

Analytical Airflow Solution Of A Helicopter Engine Bay And Novel Bay Cooling Cowling Design, Daniel Evan Yastishock

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to develop an analytical-numerical solution for the engine bay cooling airflow in a representative helicopter based on the Augusta-Westland 101, and evaluate the performance of a novel rotating scoop cowling on the airflow. The methodology was created in PythonTM. Results obtained via the analytical method were compared against a CFD model constructed with Ansys® at a hover, 50 fps forward flight, and 250 feet per second forward flight using a k−ε turbulence model. Performance of the rotating scoop was compared to that of a conventional inlet orifice and fixed scoop in a similar airspeed …


Testing And Performance Analysis Of A New Wireless Sensors Network (Wsn) System For Hurricane Monitoring, Jianing Wang May 2021

Testing And Performance Analysis Of A New Wireless Sensors Network (Wsn) System For Hurricane Monitoring, Jianing Wang

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) have developed the wireless sensor network system for the field measurement of hurricane wind and pressure on residential structures. A new version of the system is developed using the latest state-of-the-art technologies which performance is tested during the passing of hurricane Isaias (2020) and the Wall of Wind (WOW) at Florida International University (FIU). The old version system sensors were applied during hurricane Dorian (2019). For the three events, 25 pressure sensors and one anemometer were placed on the roof of a single-story house. Hurricane Dorian data was collected for 72 hours …


Hydrogen/Diesel Co-Combustion In Compression Ignition Engines Through Hydrogen Ingestion And Direct Hydrogen Injection, Helge Hening Von Helldorff-Garn May 2021

Hydrogen/Diesel Co-Combustion In Compression Ignition Engines Through Hydrogen Ingestion And Direct Hydrogen Injection, Helge Hening Von Helldorff-Garn

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation develops, implements, and validates the computational tools necessary for the computational simulation of hydrogen-enhanced Diesel combustion for premixed hydrogen charges ingested into the intake air and for direct injected hydrogen pilot charges into the cylinder. This includes a dual-fuel mechanism, a Lagrangian gaseous injection scheme, an improved spray particle breakup model, an advanced chemical kinetic reaction solver, as well as a complex n-heptane chemical kinetic reaction mechanism consisting of 35 species and 119 reversible reactions capable of describing both premixed and mixing controlled hydrogen/Diesel co-combustion at various fuel concentrations. The results showed that low levels of either hydrogen …


Extraction Of Pendulum Model Parameters From Steady-State Slosh Data With Adaptive Gradient Descending Optimization Method For Spacecraft Propellant Tanks, Tengjie Gao May 2021

Extraction Of Pendulum Model Parameters From Steady-State Slosh Data With Adaptive Gradient Descending Optimization Method For Spacecraft Propellant Tanks, Tengjie Gao

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis proposes a new experimental approach to extract pendulum model parameters from spacecraft propellant tank slosh data. The novelty of the approach is in the utilization of steady-state triaxial force measurements at the support points of the tank under sinusoidal excitation, which enables repeatable and accurate determination of pendulum model parameters in contrast to the single-axis force sensing and multiple repetitions averaging techniques associated with the more common decay approach. This approach may be used for tanks with free slosh; however, this thesis considers a diagram tank with three different diaphragm configurations under translational oscillatory lateral excitation. With the …


Test And Evaluation Of An Artec Leo 3d Scanner, Chelsea Alexis Reichard Dec 2020

Test And Evaluation Of An Artec Leo 3d Scanner, Chelsea Alexis Reichard

Theses and Dissertations

With new and innovative technologies, companies have begun utilizing 3-Dimensional Scanners to reverse engineer objects of virtually any size or complexity. These scanners increase efficiency, allowing companies to import physical items into the computer without the hassle of modeling it themselves in Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Although these highly advanced devices can be very fast and effective, we will be studying the surfaces that are incompatible to these scanners. The study performed in this research will test the limitations of a new, highly advanced, wireless 3D Scanner; The Artec Leo. For many scanners, including the one used in this …