Engineering Commons^™

Towards Digital Twins For Optimizing Metrics In Distributed Storage Systems - A Review, May Itani, Layal Abu Daher, Ahmad Hammoud

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

With the exponential data growth, there is a crucial need for highly available, scalable, reliable, and cost-effective Distributed Storage Systems (DSSs). To ensure such efficient and fault tolerant systems, replication and erasure coding techniques are typically used in traditional DSSs. However, these systems are prone to failure and require different failure prevention and recovery algorithms. Failure recovery of DSS and data reconstruction techniques take into consideration different performance metrics optimization in the recovery process. In this paper, DSS performance metrics are introduced. Several recent papers related to adopting erasure coding in DSSs are surveyed together with highlighting related performance metrics …

Molybdenum Versus Tungsten Based Polyoxometalates For Highly Effective Methylene Blue Removal, Roula Abi Saad, Ghassan Younes, Mohammad H. El- Dakdouki, Rami Al-Oweini

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

[SiW₁₂O₄₀]^4-(SiW₁₂) and [Mo₈O₂₆]^4- (Mo₈) were synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The prepared polyoxometalates were studied as potential adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution. Various operational parameters—contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, pH, and temperature— were meticulously assessed by UV/Vis spectrophotometry to study its impact on the adsorption efficacy. An inverse relationship was observed between the percentage dye removal and the initial dye concentration, highlighting the complexes' superior adsorption capabilities under lower dye loads. The …

The Effect Of Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates On The Mechanical And Durability Properties Of Concrete, Abbas Chour, Jamal Khatib

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The fast increase of construction and demolition (C&D) operations has resulted in the creation of massive amounts of garbage, which must be cleared. Reusing C&D waste is of significant importance for environmental conservation and resource utilization. One such alternative for structural concrete is recycled concrete aggregate obtained from building and demolition debris. In this context, the present study aims to comprehensively review the current state of the art in fine recycled concrete materials (fRCA), including their physical properties, technological advantages, mechanical properties, and durability characteristics. The study establishes a paradigm for evaluating the quality of fRCA, whether created in a …

Preliminary Water Quality Assessment Using Canadian Water Quality Index Of Ras El-Ain Ponds, South Lebanon, Hussien Ali Fayad, Safaa Baydoun, Mohamad Reda Soliman

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Water quality deterioration in Lebanon is a pressing national issue and there is a high need for continuous water quality assessment and monitoring of water bodies in the country. This study aims at assessing water quality of Ras El-Ain Ponds, a major natural water resource for domestic use in Tyre district, South Lebanon by using the widely applied Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI). Sampling was conducted during February-March, 2023 and physiochemical and microbiological water quality parameters were determined using standardized methods. Assessed parameters in our study are temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total …

Optimization Of The Bio-Synthesis Of Magnesium Nanoparticles From Staphylococcus Haemolyticus: A Pilot Study, Mariam Bassam, Malak Mezher, Mahmoud Khalil

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Nanotechnology is developing rapidly. This field has many influences in humans’ life. Nanoparticles (NPs) have many unique properties including the size, shape, morphology, and surface area. The synthesis of NPs could be achieved by three ways: physical, chemical, and biological. However, the biological synthesis of NPs has a priority on the other domains due to its safety and environmental friendship. In this regard, the main objective of this study was to synthesize magnesium (Mg) NPs from the bacterium S. haemolyticus which was isolated from the Lebanese wastewater. Different parameters were applied to detect the best conditions to produce the highest …

Volar V-Y Advancement Flaps In Reconstructing Fingertip Injuries, Sawsan Abiad

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Fingertip injuries with exposed bones and joints require immediate or early closure for the preservation of function and avoidance of complications. The ideal procedure should maintain the length of the finger and cover the defect with non-tender, well-padded skin with normal sensation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the different types of volar V-Y advancement flaps in reconstructing and resurfacing injuries of the fingertips at different levels and angles. Thirty patients (N=30) sustaining fingertip injuries of variable etiology and lost components, type III & IV according to Allen’s classification were divided into two groups (n=15) …

Human Gender Classification Using Kinect Sensor: A Review, Hesham Adnan Alabbasi, Florica Moldoveanu, Alin Moldoveanu

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Human Gender Classification using Kinect sensor aims to classifying people’s gender based on their outward appearance. Application areas of Kinect sensor technology includes security, marketing, healthcare, and gaming. However, because of the changes in pose, attire, and illumination, gender determination with the Kinect sensor is not a trivial task. It is based on a variety of characteristics, including biological, social network, face, and body aspects. In recent years, gender classification that utilizes the Kinect sensor became a popular and essential way for accurate gender classification. A variety of methods and approaches, like machine learning, convolutional neural networks, sport vector machine …

Behavior Of Concrete Mixes Using Recycled Aggregate Confined With Steel Sections, Latifa Sobhi Kassem, Adnan El-Masri, Nour Webhi

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RAC) is a form of recycled concrete that has been studied for green building for the past 50 years. It can be used to create strong structures, such as seismic retrofitting of earthquake-prone structures. Studies have attempted to experimentally study the effect of using recycled aggregate in concrete, but the literature lacks the use of recycled concrete aggregate rapped with steel rings. This study examines the behavior of circular concrete columns with different percentages of recycled aggregate. It examines the behavior of a column with different percentages of recycled aggregate, one without jacketing, one with partial jacketing, …

The Interaction Of The Cotton Piece With The Piles Of The Scrabble Cotton Drum, Fazliddin Egamberdiev, Ilkhom Abbazov, Oybek Kholmuratov, Rashid Kaldybaev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents the results of an analytical study of the process of loosening and cleaning raw cotton from small debris by pileging working bodies of purifiers, on the basis of which directions for further research were chosen to optimize the parameters of the developed pile drum with spherical piles and rubber strips. Cotton entering production contains impurities. The processes of loosening and cleaning the fiber shreds are key in the initial stages of ginning, as they prepare the raw cotton for ginning and directly affect the reliability, productivity of these processes and the quality of the resulting fiber. Weed …

Creating A 3d Model Of The Planned Construction Area Of The Npp In Autocad Civil, Аbduvali A. Abduazizov, Olimjon Raxmonovich Allanazarov, Anvarjon Pardaboy Ugli Pardaboyev, Xusnidin Abdushukurovich Qoraboyev, Kamolliddin Аbdishukurovich Qoraboyev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents the AutoCAD Civil of the area where a nuclear power plant is planned to be built. in a programme A 3D model has been created . AutoCAD Civil in article The program is considered a universal program for performing work in the field of geodesy, topography, general plans, as well as the design and reconstruction of linear objects (roads, railways, utility networks). The main feature of the program in this work is a dynamic design model, which allows you to quickly and without errors make changes to the project at any design stage and in any model …

Adaptation Algorithm For Self-Tuning Of Parameters Of Models Of Multi-Stage Flotation Processes, Nilufar Sharifzhanova, Maksadhan Yakubov, Francesco Gregoretti

Technical science and innovation

Modern methods for solving problems of planning the execution of batches of tasks in multi-stage systems are characterized by the presence of restrictions on their dimensionality, the impossibility of guaranteed obtaining better results in comparison with fixed packages for different values of the input parameters of the problem. In the article, the author solved the problem of optimizing the composition of job packages running in multi-stage systems using the branch and bound method. Research has been carried out on various ways to form package execution orders tasks in multi-stage systems (heuristic rules for ordering packages tasks in the sequence of …

Use Of Hydroelectric Power Plants In Regulation Of Daily Load Of The Electric Power System Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Boborakhim Urishev, Burkhon Donayevich Donayev,

Technical science and innovation

The necessity of optimal regulation of power generation and consumption in the energy system of the Republic of Uzbekistan by highly manoeuvrable hydro- and hydro-storage power plants has been substantiated, their participation in the regulation of energy production process has been analysed on the example of the daily load schedule of the energy system. The method of determining the energy characteristics of power plants by solving the problem of optimal distribution of loads between hydro- and thermoelectric power plants during the day, taking into account the maximum use of limited water resources. The results of calculations of load distribution between …

Potential Applications Of Encoders, Erkin Uljaev, Utkirjon Murodillayevich Ubaydullaev

Technical science and innovation

This article explores the applicability of diverse sensor types—such as optical, magnetic incremental encoder and potentiometric sensors—for controlling the turning angle of tractor steering wheels, specifically addressing the control challenges faced by semi-mounted cotton pickers. The discussion encompasses fundamental principles, operational aspects, advantages, and limitations of turning angle sensors prevalent in the industry. Emphasizing advancements in sensor technology, the article recommends sensor options for controlling the steering wheel's turning angle, crucial for enhanced maneuverability and operational efficiency of semi-mounted cotton pickers. Various sensor types, including optical and magnetic encoders and potentiometers, are evaluated for their suitability in this context. Optical …

An Experimental Investigation Of The New Vibration Viscometer, Jamshidbek Ulugbek Ugli Shamuratov

Technical science and innovation

The characteristics of the new oscillating-plate viscometer have been investigated experimentally. The results obtained are as follows: the resonant frequency of plate oscillation decreases with increasing viscosity; the apparatus constant 𝐾 determined experimentally includes the end and slip effects; the dimensions of the plate should be determined by referring to empirical relations between 𝜌𝜇 and Λ(≡{(𝐸𝑎𝐸)−1}𝑛) for various dimensions of the plate; where 𝜌 is the density, 𝜇 is the viscosity; 𝐸𝑎 the resonant amplitude of plate in the air; E the amplitude of plate in a liquid, and 𝑛 a constant. If the distance between the plate and the …

Indicators Affecting Passenger Service Processes And Their Scientific Interpretation, Maxliyoxon Madaminova Maxamatjon Qizi, Saidazim Amanullayevich Ganihodjayev

Technical science and innovation

Many traffic flow parameters affect the performance of the road network at high voltage. These are low vehicle speeds, high vehicle distances relative to road capacity, and density per unit time (lane occupancy). In turn, a number of factors affect the decrease in traffic speed: the presence of slow-moving vehicles in the stream; pedestrians crossing the road irregularly; increase in traffic flow, etc. The issues of public transportation depend on many factors, each of which requires a separate approach and a complex solution. In large cities around the world, the quality indicators of public transport services, including the issues of …

Classification Of Oil Products According To The Nomenclature Of Goods, Kurbankul Mavlankulovych Karimkulov Profesor, Azoda Abdurahmanova

Technical science and innovation

The article analyzes types of vegetable oils. Simple methods of determining their quality using liquid gas chromatography have been developed. Recommendations for improving the classification of foreign economic activity based on commodity nomenclature were developed and recommended for customs operations. “Fats and oils of animal, vegetable or microbiological origin and products of their breakdown; prepared edible fats; waxes of animal or vegetable origin” was called. Animal fats, including pork, beef, sheep, goat, fish and oils of animals such as marine mammals are classified according to the Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activities of the Republic of Uzbekistan in commodity headings 1501-1506 …

Programming A Numerical Model Of Spherical Propagation Of Electric Discharge In Liquid, Mukhiddin Kushshaevich Khudjaev

Technical science and innovation

The subject of research is the determination of the hydrodynamic parameters of a liquid in the process of an electric discharge in a liquid. A numerical algorithm was constructed and a program was drawn up to determine the hydrodynamic parameters of a liquid in the process of an electric discharge in a liquid for a spherical problem. In the numerical solution of the problem, a uniform rectangular grid was used. Some results of computational experiments are presented.

Multi-Mode Regulation Of The Drying Process Of Industrial Gas, Isamidin Xakimovich Sidikov Pr, Nashvandova Gulruxsor Murot Qizi Phd

Technical science and innovation

Currently, much attention is paid to the issue of energy efficiency of gas processing enterprises. The continuous growth of world prices for energy resources requires constant improvement of the management system, providing the most optimal conditions for the flow of technological processes. A conceptual model of the heat-mass transfer process occurring in the absorber as an object of research has been developed, which characterizes the relationship of the variables involved in the drying process of natural gas, control, measurable and immeasurable, as well as controlled parameters have been selected, which are used to develop and study a mathematical model of …

Advancing Polymer Sustainability Through Custom Interpenetrating Polymer Network Synthesis, Processing, And Design, Alexandra Maria Lehman-Chong

Theses and Dissertations

The need for improving polymer sustainability is as ubiquitous as the role of polymers in modern society. Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) design flexibility offers opportunities for improved polymer sustainability while balancing desired polymer properties for various applications. This work investigates the structure-property-processing relationships of IPNs judiciously designed under the framework of the polymer life cycle. Sustainable polymer design was largely considered at the feedstock and manufacturing stages while considering overall polymer performance. Chemicals from bio-based feedstocks were used to design a full simultaneous polybenzoxazine-epoxy IPN, focusing on the effects of monomer and polymer structure on polymer properties. Processing-property relationships were …

Airport Operational Efficiency Evaluation Based On Combined Weighting-Topsis Model, Jie Hu, Fan Bao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to improve the scientificity and comprehensiveness of the airport operational efficiency evaluation, a new method based on the combined weighting-TOPSIS model is proposed. From 4 dimensions of stand operational efficiency, passenger boarding efficiency, aircraft taxiing efficiency, and coordination efficiency, a new airport operational efficiency evaluation system consisting of 11 indicators, such as flight approach rate, corridor bridge turnover rate, stand change ratio, etc., are constructed. G1 method and entropy weight method are implemented respectively to calculate the subjective and objective weights of the evaluation indicators, and the combined weights are calculated by minimizing the deviation of subjective …

Automatic Target Recognition Of Substation 3d Scene For Digital Twin, Qian Tu, Jun Li, Dongliang Fan, Qi Kong, Jie Shen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of automatic target recognition and promote the effect on substation operation and maintenance, automatic target recognition of substation 3D scene for digital twin is proposed. The automatic target recognition model for the three dimensional scene of the substation is constructed. The perception module of the model is used to collect the real-time status data of substation, and the communication module is used to transmit the data to digital twin modules. This module, based on the received data information, realizes the deep fusion and panoramic mapping of substation information through the knowledge base constructed …

Research On 3d Object Detection Method With Cross-Module Attention, Renjie Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Chen Wang, Peng Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To address the issue of feature loss that occurs during the extraction and transmission of target features in 3D object detection tasks using point cloud data, this study proposes an object detection method based on cross-module attention. This method incorporates a channel attention module and a spatial attention module to enhance the crucial feature information. Through feature transformation, the features from different stages of the attention module are connected to mitigate the loss of features during the extraction and transmission process. To tackle the problem of inadequate detection performance in target detection networks for objects of different scales, a …

Improvement Of Calorimetric Quality Analyzers For Substances, Makhfuza Azimovna Radjabova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

It is noted that the development of intelligent means of measuring qualitative indices is of topical importance. Since the quality of many substances is determined by optical methods, an algorithm for spectrophotometric data processing has been developed, which consists of primary data processing (stage I) and determination of qualitative indices of liquid products (stage II). Since the task of numerical determination of colour characteristics of transmittance coefficients of liquid samples is incorrectly set, it is recommended to use regularization methods of A.N.Tikhonov to improve metrological characteristics of the device. On the basis of regularization methods for solving incorrect problems, algorithms …

Task Scheduling For Internet Of Vehicles Based On Deep Reinforcement Learning In Edge Computing, Xiang Ju, Shengchao Su, Chaojie Xu, Beibei He

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the offloading and execution of delay-constrained computing tasks for internet of vehicles in edge computing, a task scheduling method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. In multi-edge server scenario, a software-defined network-aided internet of vehicles task offloading system is built. On this basis, the task scheduling model of vehicle computation offloading is given. According to the characteristics of task scheduling, a scheduling method based on an improved pointer network is designed. Considering the complexity of task scheduling and computing resource allocation, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm is used to train the pointer network. The vehicle offloading …

Research On Digital Twin Data Modeling And Evaluation Method Of Automated Container Terminal, Guoxuan Xu, Daofang Chang, Jiaqi Li, Qiang Ling

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To make full use of the massive operation data of automated container terminals and further realize the digital and intelligent transformation of terminals driven by digital twin, a method for digital twin data modeling and effect verification and evaluation of automated container terminals is proposed. The application framework and operation mechanism based on digital twin are studied. Based on the data processing logic of digital twin framework, a method of terminal operation process evolution and dynamic data modeling based on digital twin is proposed. To verify whether the data could meet the effective operation of the digital twin, a …

Modeling And Simulation On Production Logistics Of Intelligent Workshop Manufacturing System Based On Efsm, Liuzhen Li, Chao Jin, Tingyu Lin, Yaoqin Zhu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The production logistics mode of manufacturing industry is developing rapidly, on which the modeling and simulation can provide the decision support for the design, analysis and transformation of manufacturing system. A description of the entity elements in intelligent workshop manufacturing system is given according to the classification of "human machine material environment rule". A production and logistics componentized EFSM model is created on the basis of EFSM and componentized modeling ideas. The modeling process for multi-job production in smart shop and the component model instantiation methodology are elaborated. The simulation running through the automatic conversion of EFSM-DEVS model and …

Fabrication & Characterization Of Hybrid Piezoelectric/Triboelectric Nanocomposite Nanogenerators Via Fusion Deposition Modeling, Khaled El Toukhy

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis aims to discuss the potential of using piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators (PTENGs) for energy harvesting, particularly in the sportswear industry. PTENG's main advantage is that it offers good flexibility making it suitable for high-strain applications. The piezoelectric effect is induced by embedding piezoelectric nanofillers into one of the two triboelectric layers. PTENGs can generate both piezoelectric and triboelectric signals when strained resulting in an enhanced output compared to regular piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). TPU was adopted as the matrix for PTENGs advantageous due to their flexibility, low electrical resistivity, and compatibility with additive manufacturing techniques. …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Modeling Of Amine-Based Co2 Capture Process, Zafar Safarovich Turakulov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A significant factor influencing climate change is the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere as a consequence of human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels. Climate change can be slowed down by taking action to mitigate industrial-scale CO₂ emissions. Currently, the most advanced technology for capturing CO₂ from industrial flue gases is the post-combustion CO₂ capture based on amine absorption. However, due to the high energy penalties of existing CO₂ capture technologies and insufficient carbon markets, it is necessary to develop methods that compete with these technologies or minimize their …

Smart System For Wheat Diseases Early Detection, Rustam Baratov, Himola Sunnatillayeva, Almardon Mamatovich Mustafoqulov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This paper presents a smart system for early detection of wheat plant diseases in the vegetation period. The proposed smart system allows detecting three types of wheat diseases, particularly yellow rust, powdery mildew and septoria at early stage and significantly improves the soil and ecology by locally spraying harmful chemicals just to sickness plants. The proposed diagnostic program is created in the C++ programming language. The basic structure of the smart system consists of Raspberry PI 4 MODULE, Logitech HD Pro Webcam C920, buzzer, HC-SR04 distance sensor, DC motor driver, AC motor, power supply, relay and some digital devices.