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2018

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Articles 6571 - 6600 of 8951

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Fast Direct Equivalence Principle Algorithm For Multi-Scale Electromagnetic Problems, Qin S. Liu, Qi Dai, Tian Xia, Ting Wan, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang, Sheng Sun, Weng Cho Chew Jan 2018

Fast Direct Equivalence Principle Algorithm For Multi-Scale Electromagnetic Problems, Qin S. Liu, Qi Dai, Tian Xia, Ting Wan, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang, Sheng Sun, Weng Cho Chew

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Equivalence principle algorithm is proposed to integrated with hierarchical matrix based fast direct solver in order to solve deep multi-scale problem accurately and efficiently. Additionally, model order reduction techniques are applied to the equivalence principle algorithm to further reduce the computational complexities.


Service Integration Design Patterns In Microservices, Meng Wang Jan 2018

Service Integration Design Patterns In Microservices, Meng Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

“Microservices” is a new term in software architecture that was defined in 2014 [1]. It is a method to build a software application with a set of small services. Each service has its process to serve a single purpose and communicates with other services through lightweight mechanisms. Because of a great deal of independently distributed services, it is a challenge to integrate the loose services fully. Too many trivial relationships can be messed up easily during deployment. Also, it is hard to modify the relationships if the services are updated as the source codes need to be re-edited and tested. …


Development Of An Indoor Multirotor Testbed For Experimentation On Autonomous Guidance Strategies, Kidus Guye Jan 2018

Development Of An Indoor Multirotor Testbed For Experimentation On Autonomous Guidance Strategies, Kidus Guye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the vast popularity of rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles and research centres that develop their guidance software, there are only a limited number of references that provide an exhaustive description of a step-by-step procedure to build-up a multirotor testbed. In response to such need, the first part of this thesis aims to describe, in detail, the complete procedure to establish and operate an autonomous multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle indoor experimental platform to test and validate guidance, navigation and control strategies. Both hardware and software aspects of the testbed are described to offer a complete understanding of the different aspects. …


Calibration Of Mine Ventilation Network Models Using The Non-Linear Optimization Algorithm, Guang Xu, Jinxin Huang, Baisheng Nie, Duncan Chalmers, Zhuoming Yang Jan 2018

Calibration Of Mine Ventilation Network Models Using The Non-Linear Optimization Algorithm, Guang Xu, Jinxin Huang, Baisheng Nie, Duncan Chalmers, Zhuoming Yang

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Effective ventilation planning is vital to underground mining. To ensure stable operation of the ventilation system and to avoid airflow disorder, mine ventilation network (MVN) models have been widely used in simulating and optimizing the mine ventilation system. However, one of the challenges for MVN model simulation is that the simulated airflow distribution results do not match the measured data. To solve this problem, a simple and effective calibration method is proposed based on the non-linear optimization algorithm. The calibrated model not only makes simulated airflow distribution results in accordance with the on-site measured data, but also controls the errors …


Development Of An Odor Management Plan For South Dakota, Suraiya Akter Jan 2018

Development Of An Odor Management Plan For South Dakota, Suraiya Akter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Odor from livestock operations is often a nuisance to the neighborhood stakeholders and is one of the major environmental and societal issues associated with livestock industries. An odor management plan is not a requirement during the state permitting process of any livestock operation in South Dakota, but may be required to varying degrees for county level approval. Some neighboring states have developed odor management planning guides or templates which help address odor issues. Adoption of an odor management plan in SD can help address concerns of odor for the continuously expanding livestock industry in this state. Hence, an odor management …


Lcd 3d Printing Of A Photocurable Elastomer For Tissue Engineering, Beatriz Luiza De Souza Jan 2018

Lcd 3d Printing Of A Photocurable Elastomer For Tissue Engineering, Beatriz Luiza De Souza

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three-dimensional scaffolding is an emerging research area in biomedical and tissue engineering. Scaffolds provide the possibility of growing tissues in a controlled environment, with desired characteristics and properties towards a specific application. A new method to 3D print biodegradable and biocompatible material called Polyglycerol Sebacate Acrylate (PGSA) is demonstrated. PGSA is essentially an acrylated form of PGS using photoinitiator to become a photocurable resin suitable for liquid crystal display (LCD) 3D printing. PGSA was selected because its rheological and crosslinking behavior (and hence its mechanical properties) can be controlled by changes in curing time, temperature, and pressure. This material has …


Optimization Of Microfluidic Particle Separator Geometry Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Joseph Petersen Jan 2018

Optimization Of Microfluidic Particle Separator Geometry Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Joseph Petersen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Computational fluid dynamics software was used to simulate the motion of circulating tumor cells in a variety of microfluidic cell isolation devices. Design of several novel microfluidic cell isolation devices was aided by viewing streamlines of fluid in devices in simulation. Devices that performed best in simulation used 5-micrometer wide guiding channels to guide cells to the capture location in the device. While these devices performed better than other devices in simulation and captured all particles regardless of position along inlet, experimental results differ from simulation.


Nonlinear Stochastic Filtering For Online State Of Charge And Remaining Useful Life Estimation Of Lithium-Ion Battery, Suresh Daravath Jan 2018

Nonlinear Stochastic Filtering For Online State Of Charge And Remaining Useful Life Estimation Of Lithium-Ion Battery, Suresh Daravath

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Battery state monitoring is one of the key techniques in Battery Management System (BMS). Accurate estimation can help to improve the system performance and to prolong the battery lifetime. The main challenges for the state online estimation of Li-ion batteries are the flat characteristic of open circuit voltage (OCV) with the function of the state of charge. Hence, the focus of this thesis study is to estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of Li-ion with high accuracy, more robustness. A 2nd order RC equivalent circuit model is adapted to battery model for simulation, mathematical model analysis, and dynamics characteristic …


Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties Of 3d Printed Carbon Fiber Composites, Max James Sauer Jan 2018

Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties Of 3d Printed Carbon Fiber Composites, Max James Sauer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Studies have been done involving the use of carbon fiber as a reinforcement for three dimensional (3D) printed parts. The Markforged Mark Two is a commercial grade 3D printer capable of printing parts reinforced with continuous fibers such as carbon fiber, Kevlar, and fiberglass. Short Carbon Fiber Composite tensile specimen were printed on both a Markforged Mark Two and Flashforge Creator Pro using Markforged Onyx filament. The results of these parts were compared for their tensile properties, dimensional accuracy, and mass estimates. The Creator Pro was capable of producing stronger parts on average, while the Mark Two produced more dimensionally …


Topology Optimization Of Lightweight Structural Composites Inspired By Cuttlefish Bone, Varun Kumar Gadipudi Jan 2018

Topology Optimization Of Lightweight Structural Composites Inspired By Cuttlefish Bone, Varun Kumar Gadipudi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lightweight material structure is a crucial subject in product design. The lightweight material has high strength to weight proportion which turns into an immense fascination and a territory of investigation for the researchers as its application is wide and expanding consistently. Lightweight composite material design is accomplished by choice of the cellular structure and its optimization. Cellular structure is utilized as it has wide multifunctional properties with lightweight characteristics. Unless it has been topologically optimized, each part in a assembly most likely weighs more than it needs to. Additional weight implies abundance materials are being utilized, loads on moving parts …


Bio-Mimetic Design With 3d Printable Composites, Ramya Mitra Patnam Damodaram Jan 2018

Bio-Mimetic Design With 3d Printable Composites, Ramya Mitra Patnam Damodaram

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Weight and stiffness are key factors in the advancement of materials and parts for use in numerous industries. Lightweight cellular structures are broadly utilized for this reason. However, these structures must satisfy several key constraints: they should be light yet structurally safe, sustainable in different loading conditions, resource efficient and easy to maintain. Bio-inspired materials/structures which results in desirable material features are a significant inspiration for engineered cellular structures. Cellular structures can be designed to have multifunctional properties along with lightweight characteristics. Currently, these structures with high strength to weight ratio are widely applied in many fields such as automotive, …


Volumetric Three-Component Velocimetry Two-Phase Flow Measurements Of Sediment Suspension Under Regular Plunging Waves, Deryn Ann Beck Jan 2018

Volumetric Three-Component Velocimetry Two-Phase Flow Measurements Of Sediment Suspension Under Regular Plunging Waves, Deryn Ann Beck

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Breaking waves suspend and transport large amounts of sediment particles in the surf zone. Two important aspects of the problem are the mechanism of sediment suspension and the distribution of the suspended sediment. One approach to solving this problem is to measure the sediment particles’ position and movement simultaneously with the characteristics of the flow field. Previous studies have found that sediment suspension events are related to a number of flow parameters including the vertical velocity, vorticity, horizontal velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, total shear stress, and turbulent shear stress. The objective of this study was to design and conduct an …


Modeling Water Availability, Risk And Resilience In A Semi-Arid Basin In Southern Africa, Esther N. Mosase Jan 2018

Modeling Water Availability, Risk And Resilience In A Semi-Arid Basin In Southern Africa, Esther N. Mosase

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Climate variability need to be incorporated into the management and planning of water resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, where water availability is more sensitive to rainfall and air temperature. This study used modified Man-Kendall trend analysis test and ArcGIS to process data. Annual means of rainfall, minimum temperature and maximum temperature in the Limpopo River Basin (LRB) varied between 160 and 1109 mm, 8 °C to 20 °C and 23 °C to 32 °C respectively. The spatial pattern is generally increasing from west to east for rainfall and minimum temperature while maximum temperature increases from south to north …


Novel Technique Of Fabrication Of Porous Copper And Copper Oxide To Improve The Lithium Ion Battery Performance, Raju Prasad Ghimire Jan 2018

Novel Technique Of Fabrication Of Porous Copper And Copper Oxide To Improve The Lithium Ion Battery Performance, Raju Prasad Ghimire

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to widespread and long-term application, Lithium-ion batteries are considered as promising power sources for portable devices, satellites, medical instruments, computers, electric vehicles and grid application. It started to occupy the market once Sony commercialized in 1991. Rechargeable lithium ion batteries drawing people attention due to their peculiar properties such as high energy density and low self-discharge compared to other alkali metals. However, these widespread and long-term applications still require better batteries in terms of performance, safety and cost, which can be achieved by better utilization of anode materials and/or an optimized design of battery configuration. There are several challenges …


Study Of Seasonal Change And Water Stress Condition In Plant Leaf Using Polarimetric Lidar Measurement, Prabeen Kattel Jan 2018

Study Of Seasonal Change And Water Stress Condition In Plant Leaf Using Polarimetric Lidar Measurement, Prabeen Kattel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Study of vegetation is of great importance to the improvement of agriculture and forest management. Although there have been various attempts to characterize vegetation using remote sensing techniques, polarimetric lidar is a novel remote sensing tool that has shown potential in vegetation remote sensing. In this thesis, a near-infrared polarimetric lidar at 1064 nm was used to investigate the effects of seasonal change and water stress condition on plant leaves. Two variables, time and water content, affected the plant leaf laser depolarization ratio measurement. The first study focused on the maple tree in order to figure out how seasonal change …


Effect Of Poisson’S Ratio On Young's Modulus Characterization Using Ultrasonic Technique By Modeling, Michael Onyetube Jan 2018

Effect Of Poisson’S Ratio On Young's Modulus Characterization Using Ultrasonic Technique By Modeling, Michael Onyetube

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The past 27 years has witnessed a revolutionary growth in the progress of material development and application in almost all industry and business sectors, and this seems to be continuing even today. So many material-driven innovations have enabled the global spread in technology and improvements in capability, ranging from communications to aerospace and healthcare, to automotive and agriculture. Mechanical behavior of elastic materials is modeled by two main independent constants; Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. An accurate measurement of both constants is necessary in most engineering applications, for example, the standard materials used for the calibration of some equipment, quality …


Repairable Precast Buildings And Bridges, Abdullah Boudaqa Jan 2018

Repairable Precast Buildings And Bridges, Abdullah Boudaqa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A new moment-resisting precast connection is developed in the present work through experimental and analytical studies to accelerate construction of bridges and buildings, to improve their seismic performance, and to quickly repair them through replacement of exposed reinforcement. The new precast joint detailing incorporates (1) detachable external reinforcing steel bars restrained against buckling, which is referred to as buckling restrained reinforcement (BRR), to develop plastic bending moments, (2) a steel pipe connecting the precast members through a pin connection to resist plastic shear forces, and (3) detachable mechanical bar splices to assemble and disassemble BRR at any time specifically after …


Chronic Risk And Disease Management Model Using Structured Query Language And Predictive Analysis, Mamata Ojha Jan 2018

Chronic Risk And Disease Management Model Using Structured Query Language And Predictive Analysis, Mamata Ojha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Individuals with chronic conditions are the ones who use health care most frequently and more than 50% of top ten causes of death are chronic diseases in United States and these members always have health high risk scores. In the field of population health management, identifying high risk members is very important in terms of patient health care, disease management and cost management. Disease management program is very effective way of monitoring and preventing chronic disease and health related complications and risk management allows physicians and healthcare companies to reduce patient’s health risk, help identifying members for care/disease management along …


Location Optimization Of A Coal Power Plant To Balance Coal Supply And Electric Transmission Costs Against Plant’S Emission Exposure, Najam Khan Jan 2018

Location Optimization Of A Coal Power Plant To Balance Coal Supply And Electric Transmission Costs Against Plant’S Emission Exposure, Najam Khan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research is focused on developing a location analysis methodology that can minimize the pollutant exposure to the public while ensuring that the combined costs of electric transmission losses and coal logistics are minimized. Coal power plants will provide a critical contribution towards meeting electricity demands for various nations in the foreseeable future. The site selection for a new coal power plant is extremely important from an investment point of view. The operational costs for running a coal power plant can be minimized by a combined emphasis on placing a coal power plant near coal mines as well as customers. …


Compaction Testing Of Granular Material, Jason Jerome Weber Jan 2018

Compaction Testing Of Granular Material, Jason Jerome Weber

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The South Dakota Department of Transportation SDDOT uses the Ohio Highway Department’s Typical Moisture Density Curves for preforming compaction quality control on granular soil materials in junction with standard moisture density relations. The SDDOT also uses the Nuclear Density Gauge NDG, Sand Cone, and Rubber Balloon methods to conduct in-situ density tests. Compaction quality control of recycled pavements is conducted using test strips. The test strip method works well for large areas but becomes problematic for small areas. The ODOT Materials Manual states “Moisture-Density proctor curves and controls were originally developed to be used on cohesive (clays and silts) soils. …


A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Ability Of Keratotic Tissue To Act As A Prognostic Indicator Of Hip Fracture Risk, J. Renwick Beattie, Diane Feskanich, M. Clare Caraher, Mark R. Towler Jan 2018

A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Ability Of Keratotic Tissue To Act As A Prognostic Indicator Of Hip Fracture Risk, J. Renwick Beattie, Diane Feskanich, M. Clare Caraher, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Studies have shown that Raman spectroscopic analysis of fingernail clippings can help differentiate between post-menopausal women who have and who have not suffered a fracture. However, all studies to date have been retrospective in nature, comparing the proteins in nails sourced from women, post-fracture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of a prospective test for hip fracture based on spectroscopic analysis of nail tissue. Archived toenail samples from post-menopausal women aged 50 to 63 years in the Nurses' Health Study were obtained and analysed by Raman spectroscopy. Nails were matched case-controls sourced from 161 women; 82 …


The Impact Of Gallium Content On Degradation, Bioactivity, And Antibacterial Potency Of Zinc Borate Bioactive Glass, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Wendy Stone, Mark R. Towler Jan 2018

The Impact Of Gallium Content On Degradation, Bioactivity, And Antibacterial Potency Of Zinc Borate Bioactive Glass, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Lawrence Torkan, Wendy Stone, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Zinc borate glasses with increasing gallium content (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 Wt % Ga) were synthesized and their degradation, bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF), and antibacterial properties were investigated. ICP measurements showed that increased gallium content in the glass resulted in increased gallium ion release and decreased release of other ions. Degradability declined with the addition of gallium, indicating the formation of more symmetric BO3 units with three bridging oxygens and asymmetric BO3 units with two bridging oxygens in the glass network as the gallium content in the series increased. The formation of amorphous Ca-P …


Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties, In Vitro Biodegradability And Cytocompatibility Of Natural Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Nano-Fe3o4 Composite, Fatemeh Heidari, Mehdi Razavi, Mohammad E. Bahrololoom, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Hari Kotturi, Lobat Tayebi Jan 2018

Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties, In Vitro Biodegradability And Cytocompatibility Of Natural Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Nano-Fe3o4 Composite, Fatemeh Heidari, Mehdi Razavi, Mohammad E. Bahrololoom, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Hari Kotturi, Lobat Tayebi

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The main goal of this research was the preparation and evaluation of the mechanical properties, in vitro biodegradability and cytocompatibility, of natural chitosan/hydroxyapatite/nano magnetite (nano-Fe3O4) composite. Different ratios of these components were investigated, including chitosan/hydroxyapatite: 4/4 (S1), chitosan/hydroxyapatite: 4/6 (S2), and chitosan/hydroxyapatite: 6/4 (S3). Mechanical properties of fabricated composites were examined using bending and compression tests before immersion, and after 2 and 9 weeks of immersion in the Ringer's solution. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed for observing the bending fracture surface and analyzing the degradation morphology. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) were also cultured on the samples in order …


Efficient Inverse Design Of Transonic Airfoils Using Variable-Resolution Models And Manifold Mapping, Xiaosong Du, Leifur Leifsson, Slawomir Koziel Jan 2018

Efficient Inverse Design Of Transonic Airfoils Using Variable-Resolution Models And Manifold Mapping, Xiaosong Du, Leifur Leifsson, Slawomir Koziel

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents an efficient approach for simulation-based inverse design of airfoil shapes using variable-fidelity computational fluid dynamics models and manifold mapping (MM). Inverse design involves determining an airfoil shape fulfilling a given target performance characteristic. In particular, the pressure coefficient distribution is typically used in aerodynamic inverse design. Such a task can be challenging when using computationally expensive simulations. In the context of local optimization, the MM technique searches for a new design in the vicinity of the current design by constructing a fast multi-fidelity model, which is setup by the available evaluations of each of the high- and …


Review Of Metal Am Simulation Validation Techniques, Aaron Flood, Frank W. Liou Jan 2018

Review Of Metal Am Simulation Validation Techniques, Aaron Flood, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Due to the complexity of metal AM (additive manufacturing), it can require many trial runs to obtain processing parameters which produce a quality build. Because of this trial and error process, the drive for simulations of AM has grown significantly. A simulation only becomes useful to researchers if it can be shown that it is a true representation of the physical process being simulated. Each process being simulated has a different method of validation to show it is an accurate representation of the process. This paper explores the various methodologies for validation of laser-based metal AM simulations, focusing mainly on …


Industrial Robot Trajectory Accuracy Evaluation Maps For Hybrid Manufacturing Process Based On Joint Angle Error Analysis, Zhiyuan Wang, Renwei Liu, Todd E. Sparks, Xueyang Chen, Frank W. Liou Jan 2018

Industrial Robot Trajectory Accuracy Evaluation Maps For Hybrid Manufacturing Process Based On Joint Angle Error Analysis, Zhiyuan Wang, Renwei Liu, Todd E. Sparks, Xueyang Chen, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Industrial robots have been widely used in various fields. The joint angle error is the main factor that affects the accuracy performance of the robot. It is important to notice that these kinematic parameters error cannot be eliminated from the robot system completely. Even after calibration, these errors still exist and will be fluctuated during the robot system running. This paper proposed a new method of finding the best position and orientation to perform a specific working path based on the current accuracy capacity of the robot system. By analyzing the robot forward/inverse kinematic and the angle error sensitivity of …


Development Of Material For 3d Printed Habitats With Extraplanetary Applications, Taylor Wait Jan 2018

Development Of Material For 3d Printed Habitats With Extraplanetary Applications, Taylor Wait

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

3D printing, also called Additive Manufacturing, has increasingly become a focus for research because of the potential to replace complicated assemblies or complex parts with a single printed item. The space industry is very interesting in studying 3d printing with parts being tested and used on rockets, a 3D printer being installed at the International Space Station and is being developed for use in manned exploration of extraplanetary bodies to build habitats. To encourage teams from around the world to develop technologies and materials for autonomous habitat construction using minimal Earth exports, NASA created the 3D Printed Habitat Challenge. NASA …


Design, Implementation And A Pilot Study Of Mobile Framework For Pedestrian Safety Using Smartphone Sensors, Aawesh Man Shrestha Jan 2018

Design, Implementation And A Pilot Study Of Mobile Framework For Pedestrian Safety Using Smartphone Sensors, Aawesh Man Shrestha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pedestrian distraction from smartphones is a serious social problem that caused an ever increasing number of fatalities especially as virtual reality (VR) games have gained popularity recently. In this thesis, we present the design, implementation, and a pilot study of WiPedCross, a WiFi direct-based pedestrian safety system that senses and evaluates a risk, and alerts accordingly the user to prevent traffic accidents. In order to develop a non-intrusive, accurate, and energy-efficient pedestrian safety system, a number of technical challenges are addressed: to enhance the positioning accuracy of the user for precise risk assessment, a map-matching algorithm based on a Hidden …


Techno-Economic Analysis Of Pv Inverter Based Controllers On Low Voltage Distribution Networks, Rupak Mahat Jan 2018

Techno-Economic Analysis Of Pv Inverter Based Controllers On Low Voltage Distribution Networks, Rupak Mahat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Voltage-rise due to increasing installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems is a major technical issue in low voltage distribution networks. A cost-effective approach to address the overvoltage problem is to control the active and reactive power provided by the existing PV inverters. Prior research used electro-magnetic transient (EMT) simulation tools to develop inverter control strategies for overvoltage prevention. These type of simulation requires high computational resources and simulation time, and is therefore not suitable for long time period studies (e.g., annual) with many inverters. With the anticipated high penetration of PV, there is a desire for a suitable tool for long …


Simulation Of Gas Dynamic Cold Spray Process, Sai Rajkumar Vadla Jan 2018

Simulation Of Gas Dynamic Cold Spray Process, Sai Rajkumar Vadla

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The utilization of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a study tool in the aerodynamics and turbomachinery industry reinforces efficiency in the design of aircraft or for understanding the flow through pipes. CFD offer tools to model different geometries and perform a more extensive study of the flow phenomena. This gives the opportunity to model a variety of geometries and analyze their behavior under different operating conditions. A similar approach can be applied to coating technologies. Coating technologies play an essential role in the manufacturing industry. Their ability to form layers of specific materials onto engineering components to enhance mechanical and …