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2017

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Articles 7801 - 7830 of 8353

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Osteogenic Potential Of Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Scaffolds Prepared By Thermally Controlled Methods On Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells, Harish Chinnasami Shanmugam Jan 2017

Osteogenic Potential Of Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Scaffolds Prepared By Thermally Controlled Methods On Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells, Harish Chinnasami Shanmugam

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) method was used to make porous three-dimensional PLLA scaffolds. The effect of imposed thermal profile during freezing of the PLLA in dioxane solution on the scaffold was characterized by their micro-structure, porosity (%), pore-sizes distribution and mechanical strength. The porosity (%) decreased considerably with increasing concentrations of PLLA in the solution, while a decreasing trend was observed with increasing cooling rates. The mechanical strength increases with increase in PLLA concentration and also with increase in the cooling rate for both types of solvents. Therefore, mechanical strength was increased by higher cooling rates while the porosity …

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Microcavity Enhanced Beaming And Magneto-Optical Switching Of Light, Ali Haddadpour Jan 2017

Microcavity Enhanced Beaming And Magneto-Optical Switching Of Light, Ali Haddadpour

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In this dissertation, we show numerically that a compact structure, consisting of multiple optical microcavities at both the entrance and exit sides of a subwavelength plasmonic slit, can lead to greatly enhanced directional transmission through the slit. The microcavities increase the resonant enhancement of the emission in the normal direction and/or the coupling between free space waves and the slit mode. An optimized structure with two microcavities on both the entrance and exit sides of the slit leads to ~ 16 times larger transmission cross section per unit angle in the normal direction compared to the optimized reference slit without …

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The Formation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From The Pyrolysis Of Model 1-Alkene Fuels, Eva Christine Caspary Jan 2017

The Formation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From The Pyrolysis Of Model 1-Alkene Fuels, Eva Christine Caspary

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

To understand the role of 1-alkenes and allylic radicals in the reaction pathways leading to the formation and growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pyrolysis experiments have been performed with three 1-alkene fuels—propylene (CH₂=CH–CH₃), 1-butene (CH₂=CH–CH₂–CH₃), and 1-pentene (CH₂=CH–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃)—at temperatures of 600 – 1000 °C and a fixed residence time of 0.31 s. The experiments are carried out in an isothermal laminar-flow quartz-tube reactor. Analyses of the pyrolysis products by gas-chromatographic and high-pressure liquid-chromatographic techniques reveal that the three fuels differ in: 1) their conversion behavior, 2) the relative amounts of the major C₂ – C₄ species produced, and 3) …

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Modeling Of Size Effects In Metallic Samples Of Confined Volumes, Mohammadreza Yaghoobi Jan 2017

Modeling Of Size Effects In Metallic Samples Of Confined Volumes, Mohammadreza Yaghoobi

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In material science, size effects is described as the variation of material properties as the sample size changes. In this dissertation, the size dependency of the material strength is addressed as size effects. The size effects underlying mechanisms depend on the nature of the considered material. In the case of crystalline metals, size effects in crystalline metals are governed by the dislocations, as the primary deformation mechanism, and their interactions with one another and other defects such as grain boundaries. In this dissertation, the size and strain rate effects of fcc metallic samples of confined volumes are investigated during the …

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Computational Studies On Fluid And Particle Dynamics, Chenguang Zhang Jan 2017

Computational Studies On Fluid And Particle Dynamics, Chenguang Zhang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first part includes chapter 2 to 4, which focus on development and application of numerical algorithm on particle and fluid simulation. Starting with a pure granular system in a driven cavity setup (Chapter 2), we move on to the immersed boundary simulation of fluid solid interaction (Chapter 3). This part ends with a coupled immersed boundary-discrete particle implementation. The second part includes Chapter 5 and Appendix A, each deals with an independent problem and focuses more on the theoretical aspects. Chapter 5 deals with a classic fluid dynamics problem of thermal wave …

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Characterization Of Dehalogenimonas Strains From A Louisiana Superfund Site That Reductively Dehalogenate Polychlorinated Alkanes, Trent Anthony Key Jan 2017

Characterization Of Dehalogenimonas Strains From A Louisiana Superfund Site That Reductively Dehalogenate Polychlorinated Alkanes, Trent Anthony Key

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The research described in this dissertation was aimed at expanding understanding of the diversity and functional roles of microorganisms able to anaerobically transform chlorinated compounds. During the course of the research, a novel strictly anaerobic bacterial isolate originating from chlorinated solvent contaminated groundwater at a Superfund Site in south Louisiana (USA) was characterized. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing placed the newly isolated strain, designated as NSZ-14 T, within the genus Dehalogenimonas but within a separate lineage from previously described species. Like previously described species within the genus Dehalogenimonas (i.e., D. lykanthroporepellens and D. alkenigignens), strain NSZ-14T was …

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Tribological And Dynamical Study Of An Automotive Transmission System, Meng Li Jan 2017

Tribological And Dynamical Study Of An Automotive Transmission System, Meng Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The transmission system is critical for automotive and heavy duty equipment due to its prominent role in the powertrain system, which is often challenged with degraded torque capacity and harsh dynamic response. Simulation-guided design can provide appropriate guidelines to resolve these problems with virtual analyses. In current study, the tribological and dynamical study of an automatic transmission is performed at two levels: a wet clutch and powertrain. In this dissertation, tribological study is performed for a wet clutch based on the thermohydrodynamic (THD) analysis that takes the following factors into account. • The groove effect (depth, area, and pattern) is …

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Healing Mechanism Investigation Of Self-Healing Concrete By Microencapsulated Calcium Nitrate, Gabriel Andres Arce Amador Jan 2017

Healing Mechanism Investigation Of Self-Healing Concrete By Microencapsulated Calcium Nitrate, Gabriel Andres Arce Amador

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Durability of reinforced concrete structures depends highly on the integrity of the concrete which protects the structure from the environment. However, concrete is a brittle material and as such it is prone to cracking which allows for detrimental agents to penetrate the structure and produce early deterioration. Embedding microcapsules with chemical healing agents in concrete materials for self-healing applications as well as implementing SMAs as reinforcement of concrete structures for self-closing of cracks are both state-of-the-art techniques with enormous potential for enhancement of concrete infrastructure durability. In this work, both techniques are combined as an alternative for superior self-healing of …

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Public Perceptions And Practices Of Solid Waste Recycling In The City Of Laramie In Wyoming, U.S.A., Upendra B. Bom, Shashidhar Belbase, Reni Bibriven Lila Jan 2017

Public Perceptions And Practices Of Solid Waste Recycling In The City Of Laramie In Wyoming, U.S.A., Upendra B. Bom, Shashidhar Belbase, Reni Bibriven Lila

All Works

© 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Managing household solid waste is a growing challenge for many cities. To tackle this problem, cities are turning to recycling, which is an effective tool for solid waste management. This research seeks to understand the public perceptions and practices of recycling in the City of Laramie, Wyoming. Recycling in Laramie began in 1983 with the establishment of the Ark Recycling Center. Laramie officially started its curbside recycling services in September 2011, and in April 2012 the city declared its long-term goal to achieve a 40% diversion rate by 2030. The study …

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Stem Outreach Efforts For Urban Students, Otilia Popescu, Vukica M. Jovanovic, Jennifer G. Michaeli, Stacie Ringleb, Alok Verma Jan 2017

Stem Outreach Efforts For Urban Students, Otilia Popescu, Vukica M. Jovanovic, Jennifer G. Michaeli, Stacie Ringleb, Alok Verma

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Four-year universities and community colleges rely on outreach efforts to bring the awareness of STEM-related careers to students, who might be interested in joining their student body in the future. These events are of utmost importance for students, who do not have all of the necessary role models to engage them in conversation about their future careers. Some students might not perceive a STEM career as valuable and feasible in their future career paths, even if their own schools offer information and resources related to STEM career pathways. Hence, various outreach efforts at different levels of education have to be …

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Role Of Calmodulin In Death Receptor 5-Mediated Apoptosis In Breast Cancer, Romone Markel Fancy Jan 2017

Role Of Calmodulin In Death Receptor 5-Mediated Apoptosis In Breast Cancer, Romone Markel Fancy

All ETDs from UAB

Drug resistant estrogen receptor positive (ER-positive) and triple-negative (TN) breast cancers, are prolific breast cancers with poor clinical outcome. TRA-8 is a death receptor-5 (DR5) specific agonistic antibody with tumoricidal activity in vitro and in vivo, without inducing normal hepatocyte apoptosis. ER-positive and TN breast cancers have a range of sensitivity to TRA-8 mediated cytotoxicity. TRA-8 activation of DR5 leads to DR5 oligomerization that is critical for formation of the death inducing signaling complex (DISC) at the death domain of DR5 and initiation of apoptotic signaling. Calmodulin (CaM) is overexpressed in breast cancer and is involved in regulating breast cancer …

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Compression Molded E-Glass And Epoxy Resin Composites For Light Automotive Leaf Spring Application, Reyes Andres Baeza Rubio Jan 2017

Compression Molded E-Glass And Epoxy Resin Composites For Light Automotive Leaf Spring Application, Reyes Andres Baeza Rubio

All ETDs from UAB

Unidirectional and woven carbon or glass fibers are the most common reinforcements used in these automotive composites. To take full advantage of these materials, it is of importance to evaluate the different processes to manufacture them. The purpose of this research work is to characterize, optimize and manufacture fiber reinforced thermoset composites using the compression molding process for the application of producing improved automotive leaf springs. An epoxy resin matrix that is reinforced with E-glass fiber is the material of interest. These thermoset-based composites are evaluated to substitute the currently used steel parts in order to reduce the weight and …

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Acoustic Resonance Response Of Cast Iron, Siddhartha Biswas Jan 2017

Acoustic Resonance Response Of Cast Iron, Siddhartha Biswas

All ETDs from UAB

Cast iron is the most common as-cast materials used in present time. Various grades of cast iron have been developed by modifying process parameters to meet the property re-quirements. Destructive and nondestructive tests are routinely performed to maintain the integrity of the produced cast iron. Numerical and multiple linear regression models have also been developed to obtain mechanical properties from process variables such as chem-ical composition, cooling rate, liquid metal treatment. The applicability of property predic-tion models were studied by comparing predicted mechanical properties reported in pub-lished literature. Summary of the comparison is reported to guide cast iron producers to …

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Biomechanical Evaluation Of A Novel Sacroiliac Fusion Technique, Douglas Mackenzie Doud Jan 2017

Biomechanical Evaluation Of A Novel Sacroiliac Fusion Technique, Douglas Mackenzie Doud

All ETDs from UAB

Chronic low back pain affects an estimated 70% of adults at some point in their lives, causing lost work time and reducing quality of life [1]. It is believed that sacroiliac joint dysfunction is responsible for persistent low back pain in 10-25% of these cases, and a review of literature by Hansen et al. (2012) found that many current treatment options, both surgical and nonsurgical, do not definitively demonstrate successful pain relief [2]. Surgical fusion is highly invasive, but is a viable option when more conservative treatments do not relieve pain; therefore, there is a need for techniques that will …

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Object Detection And Path Detection System For Autonomous Terrain Vehicles, Avinash Kumar Singh Jan 2017

Object Detection And Path Detection System For Autonomous Terrain Vehicles, Avinash Kumar Singh

All ETDs from UAB

Every year’s thousands of people died in road accidents worldwide. The autonomous vehicles provide a better solution for this kind of situations. The autonomous vehicles move freely in an outer environment and perform different types of tasks according to the condition. The moving object detection in real time and perform the action are always considering important part in autonomous vehicles. To demonstrate the concept of the autonomous vehicle, we design an autonomous all-terrain vehicle model. In this thesis, we used the two types of distance measurement sensors i.e. Ultrasonic and Sharp Infrared sensors. These sensors are connected to the Arduino …

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Smart Home Automation Using Face Recognition For Personalization And Micro-Controller For Interfacing With Devices, Mohsine Taarji Jan 2017

Smart Home Automation Using Face Recognition For Personalization And Micro-Controller For Interfacing With Devices, Mohsine Taarji

All ETDs from UAB

Face recognition is the use of technology to recognize specific facial features using camera hardware and detection software. Face recognition has been used in many fields, both industrial and personal for such tasks as security and controlling home appliances. We define a smart home as a living space that can be equipped with wireless control systems and devices, for instance, uses radio frequency or infrared communication, to automate or simplify the operation of devices. In this Thesis, we investigate the development of a system that controls appliances around the house based on particular individuals using face recognition. The system will …

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Planning For Active Transportation At Urban University Campuses, Sunil Terdalkar Jan 2017

Planning For Active Transportation At Urban University Campuses, Sunil Terdalkar

All ETDs from UAB

There are 4,726 institutions for higher education in the United States. Many of these institutions are located in urban environments and often provide limited options for transportation using alternative modes such as transit, bicycling, and walking. As urban university campuses strive to provide high quality accommodations to their students, employees and visitors, a great need exists for the development of comprehensive strategic plans that promote sustainable transportation solutions. Such solutions encourage social interaction, foster healthy living and active commute choices, and reduce the ecological footprint of university campuses on the adjacent local environment. This thesis reviews and summarizes initiatives across …

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Viscosity And Morphology Modification Of Length Sorted Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes In Pib Matrices, Hanxiao Huang Jan 2017

Viscosity And Morphology Modification Of Length Sorted Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes In Pib Matrices, Hanxiao Huang

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT In this work, Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNT) were separated by length and chirality using an ultracentrifuge technique. The influence of length-separation on the composites’ viscosity and crystallinity behavior was studied. We found that the compo-sites’ viscosity does not increase monotonously with weight fractions. Specifically, in rel-atively small nanotube weight fractions, the dynamic viscosity of the composites was found to be smaller than that of the pure Polyisotublyene (PIB) matrix. The dimension of nanotube bundles and polymer radius of gyration were compared to further study the mechanism of such a viscosity change. It was observed that nanotubes with shorter …

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Development Of A 3d Microphysiologic Liver For Drug Toxicity Testing, Maryrose Kammer Jan 2017

Development Of A 3d Microphysiologic Liver For Drug Toxicity Testing, Maryrose Kammer

All ETDs from UAB

Development of almost all novel effective drug compounds is immensely expensive and time consuming. The process is slowed by the ineffectiveness of current toxicity testing methods, with 80% of drugs undergoing late-stage failure in clinical trials or post-market withdrawal. The leading cause of these failures and withdrawals is due to drug-induced liver injury. Much of drug metabolism occurs in the liver, but there are incredible differences among the metabolic pathways in humans, animal models, and two-dimensional testing platforms. Thus, the current methods are limited to accurately predict in vivo metabolic response of a novel compound. Three dimensional (3D) in vitro …

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A Framework For Social Network Sentiment Analysis Using Big Data Analytics, Bharat Sri Harsha Karpurapu Jan 2017

A Framework For Social Network Sentiment Analysis Using Big Data Analytics, Bharat Sri Harsha Karpurapu

All ETDs from UAB

The primary research of this thesis focused on the development of a Big Data framework for performing sentiment analysis on social networking sites. Over the last decade, social media has been gaining lots of popularity for sharing thoughts and feelings with a user base of over two billion users. Social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram are increasingly becoming huge repositories of thoughts and opinions on a wide variety of topics. Several public and private organizations, such as Government and companies are attempting to exploit the expressed preferences, opinions, and attitudes regarding politics, commercial products and other matters …

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Microporosity Formation Analysis Of Low-Lead And Leaded Copper Alloys, Aaron Kelley Jan 2017

Microporosity Formation Analysis Of Low-Lead And Leaded Copper Alloys, Aaron Kelley

All ETDs from UAB

The theory of predicting the formation of microporosity in specific alloy fami-lies—steel, aluminum, nickel, and magnesium— is particularly well developed, and it has become a common practice over the past several years. Combining a long solidification range, low thermal gradient, high cooling rate, and dissolved gases can lead to significant amounts of microporosity formation in these alloys. The use of the Niyama criterion has become a common tool for predicting the formation of microporosity in these alloy families. While the use of the Niyama criterion to predict microporosity formation has become routine for the alloys stated above, it is still …

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Fpga Implementation And Study Of Hardware Trojan In A Closed Loop Control System, Ranveer Kumar Jan 2017

Fpga Implementation And Study Of Hardware Trojan In A Closed Loop Control System, Ranveer Kumar

All ETDs from UAB

A closed-loop system is a primary technology used to automate our critical infrastructure and major industries to improve their efficiency. Their dependability is challenged by probable vulnerabilities in the core computing system. These vulnerabilities can appear on both front (software) and back (hardware) ends of the computing system. While the software vulnerabilities are well researched and documented, the hardware ones are normally overlooked. However, with hardware-inclusive technological evolutions like Cyber-Physical Systems and Internet-of-Things, hardware vulnerabilities should be addressed appropriately. In this work, we present a study of one such vulnerability, called hardware Trojan (HT), on a closed-loop control system. Since …

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Simulation Of An Energy Conservation Approach For Modification Of Air Conditioning System Employing Preheat Tanks And A Chilled Water Storage System, Zhuo Li Jan 2017

Simulation Of An Energy Conservation Approach For Modification Of Air Conditioning System Employing Preheat Tanks And A Chilled Water Storage System, Zhuo Li

All ETDs from UAB

Energy conservation has been a hot topic worldwide since the energy crisis occurred in the 1970s that the realization natural energy resources will be consumed in the future. With the rapid growth of population and urbanization, the energy demand is increasing annually. Due to the increasing energy demand, the cost of energy will likely continue to increase and fluctuate at higher prices, leading to large financial pressure, not only to the industry, but also to educational institutions and households. The air conditioning system is an important component for domestic and nondomestic buildings that requires a large amount of energy and …

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Intraocular Pressure Measurement In Eye By Using Disposable Solid State Pressure Sensor, Anvesh Loka Loka Jan 2017

Intraocular Pressure Measurement In Eye By Using Disposable Solid State Pressure Sensor, Anvesh Loka Loka

All ETDs from UAB

There are many eye infections and eye diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy, Glaucoma, Age-related Macular Degeneration, Cataract, etc., which cause eye blindness. Glaucoma is one of the major eye diseases that can cause complete blindness. According to National Eye Institute (NIH), there are 2.72 million people are suffering from Glaucoma in the U.S. The primary cause for Glaucoma is higher Intraocular Pressure (IOP), so detecting IOP in the early stages is a vital aspect in the assessment of patients at hazard from glaucoma. The instrument used to measure IOP is called Tonometer and usually used for clinical purposes. However, some part …

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A Self-Powered Foot Mapping Trail Using Piezoelectric Effect, Shardul Harish Modi Jan 2017

A Self-Powered Foot Mapping Trail Using Piezoelectric Effect, Shardul Harish Modi

All ETDs from UAB

Piezoelectric sensors are made from piezo crystals. Some of these crystals are natural, some are synthetic. These crystals are made of quartz, topaz, Rochelle salt and lead titanate. Piezoelectric sensors run on an effect named as piezoelectric effect which occurs in sensor. When a piezoelectric material is placed exposed to mechanical stress, a shifting of the positive and negative charge centers in the material takes place, which then results in an external electrical field. The piezoelectric effect is very useful within many applications that involve the production and detection of sound, generation of high voltages, electronic frequency generation. In the …

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Testing And Simulation Of Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Impact Loading, Amin Pahlevannejad Jan 2017

Testing And Simulation Of Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Impact Loading, Amin Pahlevannejad

All ETDs from UAB

According to published data, three million human injuries and deaths occur annually because of motor vehicle crashes (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). To help lessen the toll of this problem, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has set a goal to improve the safety of roadways. One way to achieve this goal is increasing the use of the LS-DYNA finite element code in cash testing to model three-dimensional motor vehicle crashes. The objective is to protect the vehicle occupants from severe injury by making roadside safety structures more crashworthy. Reinforced concrete is one important part of bridges, barriers, and guardrail materials. …

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Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Flexible Circuit For Gas Sensing, Sm Mehedee Parvez Jan 2017

Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Flexible Circuit For Gas Sensing, Sm Mehedee Parvez

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Logistics management is a major section of a stable business plan. It is responsible for planning, implementing, and controlling the production and distribution processes of the goods. Its function is even more crucial when goods, which are being handled, are perishable products like food and medicine. It is known in the food industry that a large amount of food is wasted during the transportation chain. More often than not, the main reason for foods going spoiled stems from the presence of unwanted gases around the area of storing. Accurate monitoring and controlling of the environmental conditions imposed on perishable …

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Design Of An Engineering Stem Training Toolkit, Vamsi Penmetsa Jan 2017

Design Of An Engineering Stem Training Toolkit, Vamsi Penmetsa

All ETDs from UAB

Recent reports proclaim that more students should engage in enrolling in STEM programs at an early stage of schooling. Due to insufficient number of students pursuing in STEM programs, lot of them missing out too early in their educational career. Nine out of every ten adults had at least a high school or general education diploma, but when it comes to a higher degree only one out of every three adults held a higher degree. To overcome this problem, we need to attract more students by implementing scientific STEM projects where they can actively work on and give them a …

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A Mobile App Development Framework For Database Connectivity And High-Level Services, Venkatadri Raparla Jan 2017

A Mobile App Development Framework For Database Connectivity And High-Level Services, Venkatadri Raparla

All ETDs from UAB

Frameworks have been successfully implemented in order to simplify, in part, the software development process. There are many frameworks developed for android platforms, normally targeted towards specific tasks such as login, database connectivity etc. While various frameworks provide developers with the ability to include services into the app during development, the difficulty of doing so increases as the number of frameworks grows larger. Each framework provides one or more services, however integrating those services into the app requires intimate knowledge of all the details present in the framework. When developers include services from more than one framework, the inherent difficulty …

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Wet-Lay Process - A Novel Approach To Scalable Fabrication Of Tissue Scaffolds And Reinforcement Membranes, Andrew Thomas Wood Jan 2017

Wet-Lay Process - A Novel Approach To Scalable Fabrication Of Tissue Scaffolds And Reinforcement Membranes, Andrew Thomas Wood

All ETDs from UAB

Fibrous materials received a great deal of interest in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to the beneficial cell-interactions and tunable properties for various biomedical applications. These materials are highly advantageous as they provide a large surface area for cellular attachment, proliferation, high porosity values for cellular in-growth, and the ability to modify the membrane to achieve desired responses to both mechanical loading as well as environmental stimuli. A prominent method currently used to fabricate such membranes is electrospinning which uses electrostatic forces to produce fibers on the range of nanometers giving them high morphological saliency to …

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