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Me-Em 2016-17 Annual Report, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Annual Reports

Table of Contents

• Undergrad Features
• Graduate Features
• Enrollment & Degrees
• Graduates
• Faculty & Staff
• Department News
• Alumni
• Donors
• Contracts & Grants
• Patents & Publications

Durability Of Switching Behaviour After Outdoor Exposure For A Suspended Particle Device Switchable Glazing, Aritra Ghosh, Brian Norton

Articles

Adaptive suspended particle device (SPD) switchable glazing is promising for low energy building application. SPD glazing allows light passes through it in the presence of applied voltage and block light in the absence of power supply. In this work SPD glazing performance after 3 years of outdoor exposure was evaluated. It was found that contrast ratio of SPD glazing before and after exposures changed from 1:11 to 1:10. SPD glazing surface temperature for any transparency level varies between 13 and 40 °C under indoor and outdoor thermal exposure. SPD glazing's surface temperature variation occurs due to the incident radiation level, …

Effect Of Atmospheric Transmittance On Performance Of Adaptive Spd-Vacuum Switchable Glazing, Aritra Ghosh, Brian Norton, Aidan Duffy

Articles

Combined suspended particle device (SPD)-vacuum glazing is a potential adaptive glazing for low energy building application. Glazing transmission is an essential parameter to determine indoor comfort level of building due to glazing. In this work, above 0.5 clearness index, a strong correlation between glazing transmission and clearness index (Atmospheric transmission) has been evaluated for south facing vertical plane glazing. Below 0.5 clearness index, isotropic diffuse transmittance was dominant and one single value of glazing transmission was found which is suitable for building energy calculation throughout the year. Below 0.5 clearness index, for south facing vertical plane SPD-vacuum glazing transmission was …

Solar Dryers For Tropical Food Preservation: Thermophysics Of Crops, Systems And Components, Vivek Tomar, G. N. Tiwari, Brian Norton

Articles

Drying reduces the moisture content of harvested crops thus slowing decay processes to enable longerterm storage. Solar dryers contain the crop being dried, to enhance solar energy collection incurring lower crop losses than are associated with open-sun drying and recurrent costs than are inherent to uses of fossil-fuels for drying. The influences of key environmental, operational and design parameters for solar dryers are discussed including: (i) psychrometry of drying processes and ambient conditions, (ii) how initial crop properties are converted to final desired product attributes, (iii) feasibility of using powered components such as fans and (iv) air-heating solar collector selection.

Distance Learning And Attribute Importance Analysis By Linear Regression On Idealized Distance Functions, Rupesh Kumar Singh

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A good distance metric is instrumental on the performance of many tasks including classification and data retrieval. However, designing an optimal distance function is very challenging, especially when the data has high dimensions.Recently, a number of algorithms have been proposed to learn an optimal distance function in a supervised manner, using data with class labels. In this thesis we proposed methods to learn an optimal distance function that can also indicate the importance of attributes. Specifically, we present several ways to define idealized distance functions, two of which involving distance error correction involving KNN classification, and another involving a two-constant …

A Look At The Optimum Slope Of A Fixed Solar Panel For Maximum Energy Collection For A One Year Time Frame, Salah Alhaidari

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A rule-of-thumb for orientating fixed solar panels for optimum yearly collection of solar radiation that is not influenced by atmospheric effects is to face the panel due south in the Northern Hemisphere or due north in the Southern Hemisphere and to tilt the panel from the horizontal plane at an angle equal to the latitude of the location of the solar panel. The work presented in this thesis shows that this rule-of-thumb is an approximation for no-atmosphere, panel orientation; but not a precise value. This project presents a detailed method for determining the precise optimum tilt angle of a fixed …

State-Led Approaches To Electronic Waste Management In The U.S.: A Study Of Stakeholder Involvement In Take-Back Legislation Efficiency, Ashley Elizabeth Westgate

Bard Center for Environmental Policy

Information technology has proliferated over the past two decades, and waste from electronics represents the fastest growing waste stream in the world. The production and disposal of electronics, from cradle to grave, pose critical threats to human health and the environment. The management of electronic, or e-waste, streams poses a particular set of challenges for solid waste management, hazardous waste management, and economic development in the United States. As e-waste accumulates, state governments, municipalities and private landfills are refusing to accept the responsibility for its disposal. To address this problem, the federal and state governments must find a safe and …

Data-Driven Spatial Modeling For Quantifying Networkwide Resilience In The Aftermath Of Hurricanes Irene And Sandy, Yuan Zhu, Kun Xie, Kaan Ozbay, Fan Zuo, Hong Yang

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years, the New York City metropolitan area was hit by two major hurricanes, Irene and Sandy. These extreme weather events disrupted and devastated the transportation infrastructure, including road and subway networks. As an extension of the authors' recent research on this topic, this study explored the spatial patterns of infrastructure resilience in New York City with the use of taxi and subway ridership data. Neighborhood tabulation areas were used as the units of analysis. The recovery curve of each neighborhood tabulation area was modeled with the logistic function to quantify the resilience of road and subway systems. Moran's …

Controlling The Error On Target Motion Through Real-Time Mesh Adaptation: Applications To Deep Brain Stimulation, Huu Phuoc Bui, Satyendra Tomar, Hadrien Courtecuisse, M. Audette, Stéphane Cotin, Stéphane P.A. Bordas

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

We present an error-controlled mesh refinement procedure for needle insertion simulation and apply it to the simulation of electrode implantation for deep brain stimulation, including brain shift.

Our approach enables to control the error in the computation of the displacement and stress fields around the needle tip and needle shaft by suitably refining the mesh, whilst maintaining a coarser mesh in other parts of the domain.

We demonstrate through academic and practical examples that our approach increases the accuracy of the displacement and stress fields around the needle without increasing the computational expense. This enables real-time simulations.

The proposed methodology …

Impact Of Connected Vehicles On Mitigating Secondary Crash Risk, Hong Yang, Zhenyu Wang, Kun Xie

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Reducing the risk of secondary crashes is a key goal for effective traffic incident management. However, only few countermeasures have been established in practices to achieve the goal. This is mainly due to the stochastic nature of both primary and secondary crashes. Given the emerging connected vehicle (CV) technologies, it is highly likely that CVs will soon be able to communicate with each other through the ad-hoc wireless vehicular network. Information sharing among vehicles is deemed to change traffic operations and allow motorists for more proactive actions. Motorists who receive safety messages can be motivated to approach queues and incident …

Human Liver Sinusoid On A Chip For Hepatitis B Virus Replication Study, Young Bok (Abraham) Kang, Siddhartha Rawat, Nicholas Duchemin, Michael Bouchard, Moses Noh

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

We have developed a miniature human liver (liver-sinusoid-on-a-chip) model using a dual microchannel separated by a porous membrane. Primary human hepatocytes and immortalized bovine aortic endothelial cells were co-cultured on opposite sides of a microporous membrane in a dual microchannel with continuous perfusion. Primary human hepatocytes in this system retained their polygonal morphology for up to 26 days, while hepatocytes cultured in the absence of bovine aortic endothelial cells lost their morphology within a week. In order to demonstrate the utility of our human-liver-sinusoid-on-a-chip, human hepatocytes in this system were directly infected by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Expression of the …

A Tabu Search Heuristic For A Generalized Quadratic Assignment Problem, Alan Mckendall, Chihui Li

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The generalized quadratic assignment problem (GQAP) is the task of assigning a set of facilities to a set of locations such that the sum of the assignment and transportation costs is minimized. The facilities may have different space requirements, and the locations may have varying space capacities. Also, multiple facilities may be assigned to each location such that space capacity is not exceeded. In this paper, an application of the GQAP is presented for assigning a set of machines to a set of locations on the plant floor. Construction algorithms and a simple tabu search heuristic are developed for the …

Analysis And Design Of Highly Transparent Meshed Patch Antenna Backed By A Solid Ground Plane, Tursunjan Yasin, Reyhan Baktur, Timothy Turpin, Jesus Arellano

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes rectangular and circular patch antennas fabricated from meshed conductors and backed with solid ground planes. Because of the meshing, the antennas are rendered optically transparent, where the transparency is determined by the mesh geometry. It is found that although there is a compromise between the antenna's efficiency and the optical transparency of the meshed patch, it is possible to optimize the antenna by refining mesh lines to certain extent. The limiting factors for refining mesh lines include material handling and fabrication process as well as the increased line impedance when being refined, which accordingly causes loss in …

Development And Validation Of A Kinetic Model For Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Candida Rugosa Lipase, Ammar Jamie, Ali Alshami, Zuhair O. Maliabari, Muataz A. Ateih

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

Biochemical processing involving enzymatic catalysis of hydrolysis reactions of oils and fats must overcome significant technological barriers before the full benefits of the technology can be realized. Owing to their selectivity and mild reaction conditions, lipases are becoming increasingly important as biocatalysts provided that their kinetics and optimum reaction conditions are well-understood. In this study we report on the development and validation of a kinetic model for the degradation of oils using Candida rugosa lipase, from which a better understanding of the influence of different reaction conditions on hydrolysis kinetics is elucidated. Variations of reaction temperature, mixing speed, enzyme loading …

A Comparison Of Supervised Machine Learning Classification Techniques And Theory-Driven Approaches For The Prediction Of Subjective Mental Workload, Dmitrii Gmyzin

Dissertations

In the modern world of technological progress, systems and interfaces are becoming more and more complex. As a consequence, it is a crucial to design the human-computer interaction in the most optimal way to improve the user experience. The construct of Mental Workload is a valid metric that can be used for such a goal. Among the different ways of measuring Mental Workload, self-reporting procedures are the most adopted for their ease of use and application. This research is focused on the application of Machine Learning as an alternative to theory-driven approaches for Mental Workload measurement. In particular, the study …

Stationary Bike Generator System, Rakan Alghamdi

All Undergraduate Projects

Electricity is one of the most versatile forms of energy as it is easily generated by conversion from other forms, and equally easily converted to these other forms. Individuals, while working out, mostly remain stationary, but release large amounts of energy which must be countered by opposing energy sources or allowed to be wasted. This energy may not find very many uses in its raw form, but conversion to other forms may allow it to do work at no cost. This paper documents the concept, objective, methods, and results of a stationary bike generator system being used to convert the …

Stationary Bike Generator System (Drive Train), Abdullah Adel Alsuhaim

All Undergraduate Projects

This paper is about generating electricity while exercising on a stationary bike. Our objective is to utilize the lost power in gym`s bikes to supply commonly used electronic devises on campus. Mechanical energy produced by workout will be used to charge students’ laptops, tablets, cellphone, and other small electrical devices. This project will be helpful to reduce the usage of electricity and also to people who are in need for electrical power. The focus of this paper is the drive train part of the project. Timing pulleys and a timing belt were used to transmit the angular movement of the …

Thermal Inactivation Analysis Of Water-Related Pathogens In Domestic Hot Water Systems, Liam Mccarton, Sean O'Hogain

Articles

This study aims to investigate whether hot water systems supplied with harvested rainwater present an increased risk to health over hot water systems supplied with potable mains water. It reviews previous studies investigating the health effects of utilising rainwater within domestic systems. The main risk to public health of mains-supplied hot water systems is the operation, maintenance, age, location and temperature of the system. Rainwater-harvesting systems contain an inherent water treatment train consisting of flocculation, settlement, sorption and bioreaction, and stored rainwater quality improves as metal and chemical contaminants settle to form sludge. Laboratory experiments were conducted using a variety …

Magnetic Field Sensor Based On A Combination Of A Microfiber Coupler Covered With Magnetic Fluid And A Sagnac Loop, Fangfang Wei, Arun Mallik, Dejun Liu, Qiang Wu, Gang-Ding Peng, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

This paper proposes a novel magnetic field sensor based on a microfiber coupler (MFC) combined with a magnetic fluid (MF) in a Sagnac loop formed from a polarization maintaining fiber (PMF). Thanks to the small (~2.6 μm) waist diameter of the MFC, the resulting interference is strongly influenced by the presence of the MF and this leads to the desirable high sensitivity of the structure to the applied magnetic field. The maximum magnetic field sensitivities of −100 pm/mT and −488 pm/mT have been experimentally demonstrated with the PMF lengths of 75 cm and 20 cm respectively in the range of …

A Chalcogenide Multimode Interferometric Temperature Sensor Operating At A Wavelength Of 2 Μm, Lin She, Pengfei Wang, Weimin Sun, Xianfan Wang, Wenlei Yang, Gilberto Brambilla, Gerald Farrell

Articles

This paper investigated the fabrication of a singlemode-multimode-singlemode fiber structure based on a chalcogenide (As2S3 and AsxS1−x) multimode fiber sandwiched between two standard silica singlemode fibers using a commercial fiber fusion splicer. The temperature dependence of this hybrid fiber structure was investigated and a first proof of concept showed that the hybrid SMS fiber structure has an average experimental temperature sensitivity of circa 84.38 pm/°C over a temperature range of 20 °C∼100°C at the wavelength range around 2 μm. The measured results show a general agreement with numerical simulations based on a guided-mode propagation analysis method. Our result provides a …

A Curvature Sensor Based On Twisted Single-Mode-Multimode-Single-Mode Hybrid Optical Fiber Structure, Ke Tian, Yifan Xin, Wenlei Yang, Tao Geng, Jing Ren, Ya-Xian Fan, Gerald Farrell, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang

Articles

An optical fiber curvature sensor based on a twisted multimode fiber (MMF) sandwiched between two single-mode fibers (SMF) is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally. The measured transmission spectrum exhibits good agreement with theoretical predictions. Compared with a traditional single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure sensor, the proposed configuration offers a higher average curvature sensitivity of -2.42 nm/m -1 over a curvature measurement range of 0-1.7390 m -1 and -7.09 dB/m -1 at an operating wavelength of 1537 nm. The temperature sensitivity of this sensor has been determined as 0.01 nm/°C over a wavelength range of 1535-1550 nm and circa 0.007 dB/°C at …

Investigation Of The Self-Imaging Position Of A Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Optical Fiber Structure, Xianfan Wang, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang

Articles

In this paper, a theoretical and experimental investigation of the multimode interference induced self-imaging phenomenon in a singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure is described. The simulated transmission spectra based on guided modal propagation analysis and beam propagation method are presented and compared with experimental obtained results. The temperature dependence of the self-imaging position of the SMS fiber structure is also investigated. These investigations provide excellent opportunities for multiple future applications including telecommunications and sensing.

3d Printed Embedded Force Sensors, Derek Faltz, Chad Majewski, Andrew Perkins, Faiwei Zhang

Capstone Design Expo Posters

Additive Manufacturing and 3D printing has opened the door to an endless amount of opportunities, including recent advances in conductive and resistive circuit printing. Taking advantage of these new technologies, we have designed a 3D printed insole with embedded plantar pressure sensor arrays. The customizable aspect of 3D printing allowed us to uniquely design a multitude of sensors. With the use of a dual extrusion printer we were able to produce a model that printed both the resistive circuit and complete insole simultaneously. These distinctive technologies have given us the capability to capture valuable pressure data from the sole of …

Wearable Device To Detect Cardiac Arrest, Jon Dyke, Majid Alashari, Ashraf Al Gumaei

Capstone Design Expo Posters

Cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death globally and is unwitnessed in most cases. This begs the question: how can anyone know that an individual is experiencing cardiac arrest if no one is around to see it? MULT 603 has designed a cardiac arrest monitoring device that a person can wear on their wrist. This device detects the individual’s heartbeat; in the case that the person’s heartbeat drops below their normal individual threshold, their family, doctors, and friends along with emergency medical services will be notified of their location and condition. The hope is to drastically improve …

Automated Source-Detector Positioner For Radiation Detection, Andre Patterson, Morgan Davis, Joel Person, Allan Roberts

Capstone Design Expo Posters

The Nuclear Engineering Department at Virginia Commonwealth University has an unmet need for an automated source detector positioner for radiation detection experiments that are carried out in lab work. During radiation data collection in radiation detection systems it is of the utmost importance that radioactive samples are positioned and moved with the highest degree of precision possible. This high degree of precision allows for more meaningful data to be collected. The current methods employed by the Nuclear Engineering Department are not as accurate as they can be due to the fact the the current detection systems are manual. Furthermore they …

Automatic Dispensing Pill Caddy For The Elderly, Timothy H. Bruce, William Friend, Damien Nobles, Andrew Stasi, Courtney Bailey, Damoneke Harper

Capstone Design Expo Posters

The report, Aging in the United States, finds that baby boomers who are at retirement age are in worse health compared with previous generations. More of them are living with chronic conditions such as high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease; all which require medication. The report also anticipates the number of people with dementia could nearly triple in the coming decades, resulting in senior adults requiring more assistance with daily activities.

Our product intends to enhance the quality of life of the older adult population by providing a pill dispenser that creates convenience with alerts and notifications. This …

Real-Time Measurement Of Lung Motion For Ct Guided Lung Biopsies, A. Al Saqer, A. Cerniuk, W. Houk, D. Patel

Capstone Design Expo Posters

The objective of this project is to develop a device that allows a physician to view and measure real time lung motion of a patient inside a CT scanner during lung biopsy. This will increase time efficiency and accuracy of lung tumor treatment CT procedures, as this device will enable the collection of clear and meaningful scans. With this application, size and simplicity are of the utmost importance, as the device must be as practical as possible. Given these constraints the design involves a low profile, low volume sensor to measure data while physically attached to the patient’s bed, and …

Collision Avoidance For Quadcopters, Andrew Ward, Brad Clifford, Shane Gifford, Thomas White

Capstone Design Expo Posters

The purpose of our project is to design and implement an obstacle detection and avoidance system for use on multirotor drones. The system gathers information from two Arducam 5MP cameras, using stereoscopic vision as the primary obstacle detection source. It also uses an XL-MaxSonar-EZ3 ultrasonic sensor as a backup, in case the cameras fail to detect an obstacle. All three of these sensors will be mounted to the drone using a 3D printed mounting bracket, to ensure consistency of sensor information. The system will interface with the Naza-M v2 flight controller, overriding the user controls when the user attempts to …

In Defense Of Science—What Would John Do?, Mohamed Gad-El-Hak

Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Publications

Recent onslaughts on the importance of pure research to our collective well-being are trending. In this essay, I discuss the issues involved and offer a rebuttal. The thoughts are inspired by my mentor, academic sibling, and idol John Leask Lumley.