Engineering Commons^™

Agent Based, Distributed Control Strategies And Optimization Of Plug-In Electric Vehicles On Smart/Microgrid Architectures, Kyle Bordeau

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

This thesis will present strategies for the use of plug-in electric vehicles on smart and microgrids. MATLAB is used as the design tool for all models and simulations.

First, a scenario will be explored using the dispatchable loads of electric vehicles to stabilize a microgrid with a high penetration of renewable power generation. Grid components for a microgrid with 50% photovoltaic solar production will be sized through an optimization routine to maintain storage system, load, and vehicle states over a 24-hour period. The findings of this portion are that the dispatchable loads can be used to guard against unpredictable losses …

Driver Safety In Far-Side And Far-Oblique Crashes: A Study Of Patrol Vehicles In The United States Of America, Martin Sepoori

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

The dissertation titled "Driver Safety in Far-side and Far-oblique Crashes" presents a novel approach to assessing vehicle cockpit safety by integrating Human Factors and Applied Mechanics. The methodology of this approach is aimed at improving safety in compact mobile workspaces such as patrol vehicle cockpits.

A statistical analysis performed using Michigan state's traffic crash data to assess various contributing factors that affect the risk of severe driver injuries showed that the risk was greater for unrestrained drivers (OR=3.38, p<0.0001) and for incidents involving front and far-side crashes without seatbelts (OR=8.0 and 23.0 respectively, p<0.005). Statistics also showed that near-side and far-side crashes pose similar threat to driver injury severity. A Human Factor survey was conducted to assess various Human-Machine/Human-Computer Interaction aspects in patrol vehicle cockpits. Results showed that tasks requiring manual operation, especially the usage of laptop, would require more attention and potentially cause more distraction. A vehicle survey conducted to evaluate ergonomics-related issues revealed that some of the equipment was in airbag deployment zones. In addition, experiments were conducted to assess the effects on driver distraction caused by changing the position of in-car accessories. A driving simulator study was conducted to mimic HMI/HCI in a patrol vehicle cockpit (20 subjects, average driving experience = 5.35 years, s.d. = 1.8). It was found that the mounting locations of manual tasks did not result in a significant change in response times. Visual displays resulted in response times less than 1.5sec. It can also be concluded that the manual task was equally distracting regardless of mounting positions (average response time was 15 secs). Average speeds and lane deviations did not show any significant results.

Data from 13 full-scale sled tests conducted to simulate far-side impacts at 70 PDOF and 40 PDOF was used to analyze …

Sediment And Nutrient Behaviour On The River Bandon, Ireland, S. T. Harrington, Joseph R. Harrington

Conference Papers

This paper presents aspects of sediment and nutrient behaviour on the River Bandon which is located in the South Western River Basin District in Ireland; it is a relatively large sized river catchment in an Irish context with a catchment area of 608 km2. The river catchment is primarily agricultural with some pockets of urban development. The river is prone to flooding on stretches, features a number of special areas of conservation and is distinguished by both suspended and bed load transport. Continuous monitoring of turbidity commenced in February 2010. Manual sampling and testing for suspended sediment concentration and a …

Nebraska Summary: S922 Massey Ferguson 7615, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: 913 Challenger Mt525d, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2062: Challenger Mt765d, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Investigation Of Synergistic Effects Of Warm Mix Asphalt And High Fractionated Reclaimed Asphalt For Safe, Environmentally Sustainable Highway, Hosin David Lee Ph.D., P.E., Taha Ahmed Msc, E.I.

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

To increase RAP materials by up to 75% by binder replacement, a fractionation method was applied to the RAP stockpile by discarding RAP materials passing No. 16 sieve. This fractionation method was effective in improving volumetric properties of the HMA mixture with high RAP contents. The mix designs were then performed for both HMA and WMA with varying fractionated RAP amounts accounting for a replacement of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 75% of the mixture’s optimum asphalt binder content. All mix designs met the Iowa DOT mix design requirements except the one with 75% RAP materials by binder replacement due …

New Highway Accident Location Manual For Missouri, Carlos Sun Ph.D., P.E., Jd, Praveen Edara Ph.D., P.E., Ptoe, Henry Brown M.S., P.E.

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

The Missouri HAL manual is used to identify, analyze, and correct high crash locations, and has not been updated since 1999. This new edition brings the manual up to date, while incorporating the methodology of the national Highway Safety Manual (HSM). This 4th edition represents a complete re-working of all existing chapters of the manual. The changes are both stylistic and substantive. A contemporary book-style stylesheet was used to improve the appearance of figures, tables, headings, and labels. Even the title of the manual was changed from HAL (Identification, Analysis, and Correction of High-Crash Locations) to S-HAL (Safety Handbook for …

Nonlinear Granger Causality And Its Application In Decoding Of Human Reaching Intentions, Mengting Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

Multi-electrode recording is a key technology that allows the brain mechanisms of decision making, cognition, and their breakdown in diseases to be studied from a network perspective. As the hypotheses concerning the role of neural interactions in cognitive paradigms become increasingly more elaborate, the ability to evaluate the direction of neural interactions in neural networks holds the key to distinguishing their functional significance.

Granger Causality (GC) is used to detect the directional influence of signals between multiple locations. To extract the nonlinear directional flow, GC was completed through a nonlinear predictive approach using radial basis functions (RBF). Furthermore, to obtain …

Dynamic Cmos Mimo Circuits With Feedback Inverter Loop And Pull-Down Bridge, Duo Zhang

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Two novel techniques, feedback inverter loop and pull-down bridge, adopted for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dynamic CMOS circuits have been proposed in this thesis. The pull-down bridge technique optimizes the area and power of a single stage MIMO dynamic CMOS circuits, and the feedback inverter loop (FIL) technique improves the speed of multiple-stage dynamic CMOS circuits. Applying the pull-down bridge to the MIMO dynamic CMOS seven segment decoder, it is shown that common paths of different outputs are shared and optimized, which accounts for 12% speed improvement, 48% power reduction, and 73% area saving, as compared to the conventional logic design. …

Graduate School Of Engineering And Management 2013-2014 Catalog, Graduate School Of Engineering And Management, Air Force Institute Of Technology

AFIT Documents

The Graduate Catalog represents the offerings, programs, and requirements in effect at the time of publication.

Xing-Zone Bridge Construction For Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio Networks With Channel Bonding, Feng Ye, Yi Qian, Yaoqing Lamar Yang, Hamid Sharif

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Cognitive radio is an efficient technique to relieve the tense of wireless spectrum scarcity by allowing unlicensed secondary users (SUs) to access the licensed band opportunistically without causing interference to primary users (PUs). Although Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recently ruled that the data of PU activity schedule is accessible to SUs 24 hours ahead, which relieves SUs from heavy sensing or interruption by sudden PU activity, however, multi-hop wireless cognitive radio networks (MWCRN) suffers a unique problem caused by the fact that the spectrum resources are not unified in different areas affected by different PUs. In other words, an SU …

A Hierarchical Power Management Strategy For Multiple Single-Phase Roadway Microgrids, Yanping Jiao, Wei Qiao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper proposes a centralized hierarchical power management strategy for multiple single-phase wind/solar generation-based roadway microgrids integrated into a threephase utility distribution grid. The proposed power management strategy consists of a Central Power Management Controller (CPMC) operating at the distribution grid level to regulate the power flow between the distribution grid and the microgrids, a Supervisory Power Management Controller (SPMC) operating at the microgrid level for voltage and frequency control of each microgrid under the coordination of the CPMC, and a Local Power Management Controller operating at the unit level for power management of each individual unit under the coordination …

Sizing Router Buffer For The Internet With Heterogeneous Tcp, Peng Yang, Ertong Zhang, Lisong Xu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The router buffer sizing problem is a vital problem to the performance of the Internet. The traditional rule-of-thumb is that the router buffer size should be equal to the bandwidthdelay product (BDP) of a link. Recent studies show that the router buffer size can be significantly smaller than the BDP without causing negative impact on the TCP performance in the Internet. But a fundamental assumption of all those studies is that all the TCP traffic in the Internet is generated by the traditional RENO protocol, which, however, is no longer true as the current Internet is dominated by multiple different …

Stability And Dynamic Performance Improvement Of A Sensorless Ipmsm Drive Via Adaptive Estimated-Speed- Assisted Position Prediction And Current Quality Evaluation, Yue Zhao, Wei Qiao, Long Wu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper studies stability issues of sensorless torque control of high power interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) under large load transients, e.g., complete torque reversals with the highest slew rate allowed. To perform a sensorless vector control, a current model-based sliding-mode observer is utilized to estimate the rotor position. The correlation between current regulation quality and position estimation accuracy is theoretically studied and experimentally verified. Based on the correlation, the accuracy of position estimation can be evaluated online indirectly. Moreover, an adaptive estimated-speed-assisted position prediction (ESAPP) scheme is proposed to improve the stability and performance of the sensorless control …

On Physical Layer Security For Cognitive Radio Networks, Zhihui Shu, Yi Qian, Song Ci

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this article we explore the security issues on physical layer for cognitive radio networks. First we give an overview on several existing security attacks to the physical layer in cognitive radio networks. We then discuss the related countermeasures on how to defend against these attacks. We further investigate one of the most important physical layer security parameters, the secrecy capacity of a cognitive radio network, and study the outage probability of secrecy capacity of a primary user from a theoretical point of view. Furthermore, we present performance results for secrecy capacity and outage probability between a node and its …

Wind Turbine Fault Detection And Isolation Using Support Vector Machine And A Residual-Based Method, Jianwu Zeng, Dingguo Lu, Yue Zhao, Zhe Zhang, Wei Qiao, Xiang Gong

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper proposes a novel scheme combining support vector machines (SVM) and a residual-based method for wind turbine fault detection and isolation (FDI). SVMs with radius basis function kernels are used for detecting and identifying sensor stuck and offset faults, where binary codes of fault types are used as the outputs of the SVMs to minimize the number of SVMs being used. The same output of a SVM may correspond to different types of faults and the final decision is made by all SVMs instead of one SVM. Moreover, a residual-based fault detection method using a time-variant threshold is developed …

Multilayered Plasmonic Covers For Comblike Scattering Response And Optical Tagging, Francesco Monticone, Christos Argyropoulos, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

We discuss the potential of multilayered plasmonic particles to tailor the optical scattering response. The interplay of plasmons localized in thin stacked shells realizes peculiar degenerate cloaking and resonant states occurring at arbitrarily close frequencies. These concepts are applied to realize ultrasharp comblike scattering responses and synthesize staggered, ideally strong superscattering states closely coupled to invisible states. We demonstrate robustness to material losses and to variations in the background medium, properties that make these structures ideal for optical tagging.

Broadband Absorbers And Selective Emitters Based On Plasmonic Brewster Metasurfaces, Christos Argyropoulos, Khai Q. Le, Nadia Mattiucci, Giuseppe D'Aguanno, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

We discuss the possibility of realizing utlrabroadband omnidirectional absorbers and angularly selective coherent thermal emitters based on properly patterned plasmonic metastructures. Instead of relying on resonant concentration effects that inherently limit the bandwidth, we base our design on the combination of two inherently nonresonant effects: plasmonic Brewster funneling and adiabatic plasmonic focusing. Using this approach, we propose compact, broadband absorption and emission spanning terahertz, infrared, and optical frequencies, ideal for various energy and defense applications.

Plasmonic Nanoparticles And Metasurfaces To Realize Fano Spectra At Ultraviolet Wavelengths, Christos Argyropoulos, Francesco Monticone, Giuseppe D'Aguanno, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

We discuss the possibility to realize sharp Fano scattering signatures in the ultraviolet (UV) range, based on dipolar scattering of nanoparticles. At these frequencies, material losses usually do not allow sharp resonant effects, hindering plasmonic applications based on higher-order multipolar modes, like conventional Fano resonances. We propose to excite degenerate scattering states supported by core-shell nanoparticles made of a sapphire core and an aluminum shell. We predict enhanced, highly confined fields, supporting sharp far-field scattering signatures from single nanoparticles and planar arrays of them. These results may lead to the design of UV filters, photodetectors, sensors, and energy-harvesting devices.

Prediction Of Peptides Binding To Mhc Class I And Ii Alleles By Temporal Motif Mining, Cem Meydan, Hasan H. Otu, Osman Ugur Sezerman

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) is a key player in the immune response of most vertebrates. The computational prediction of whether a given antigenic peptide will bind to a specific MHC allele is important in the development of vaccines for emerging pathogens, the creation of possibilities for controlling immune response, and for the applications of immunotherapy. One of the problems that make this computational prediction difficult is the detection of the binding core region in peptides, coupled with the presence of bulges and loops causing variations in the total sequence length. Most machine learning methods require the sequences to be …

Infrared Dielectric Anisotropy And Phonon Modes Of Rutile Tio2, Rafal Korlacki, Stefan Schöche, Tino Hofmann, Tom E. Tiwald, Mathias Schubert

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Spectroscopic ellipsometry in the mid-infrared and far-infrared spectral range and generalized ellipsometry in the mid-infrared spectral range are used to investigate the anisotropic dielectric response of rutile TiO₂. The ordinary and extraordinary dielectric function tensor components and all infrared active phonon mode parameters of single crystalline rutile TiO₂ are determined with high accuracy for wavelengths from 3 μm to 83 μm. The data were acquired from samples of (001), (100), and (111) surfaces cut from bulk single crystals. A factorized model dielectric function is employed in order to determine the frequencies and damping parameters of the transverse …

Core Loss Measurement In A Fabricated Stator Of A Single-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine, Xu Yang, Dean Patterson, Jerry Hudgins

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Core loss prediction and measurement has always been a concern for electrical machine design engineers. In this paper, a method is proposed to measure the core loss in a fabricated stator of a single-sided axial flux permanent magnet machine. The core loss data in the back iron and in a single tooth are measured separately, eliminating the use of any correction factor. The core loss data measured in the fabricated stator is compared with measurements made on an identical toroid to the one from which the stator is fabricated by milling slots, before the milling operation. The purpose of his …

Exploring The Microsoft .Net Micro Framework For Prototyping Applied Wireless Sensor Networks, Jay D. Carlson, Mateusz Mittek, Lance C. Pérez

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Most Wireless Sensor Network platforms – such as the Mica, Iris, and Telos B families of motes – use lowpower 8-bit microprocessors which have limited memory and processing capabilities, thus requiring researchers to implement communication protocols and data processing routines using lowlevel programming practices that are tedious and cumbersome. Rich features available in modern desktop operating systems – such as threads, memory management, and exception-handling – are largely absent. The Microsoft .NET Micro Framework implements a scaled-back .NET framework suitable for development on low-cost, low-power wireless sensors, while providing developers a rapid software development environment for prototyping embedded applications. Here, …

Bearing Fault Diagnosis For Direct-Drive Wind Turbines Via Current-Demodulated Signals, Xiang Gong, Wei Qiao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Bearing faults account for a large portion of all faults in wind turbine generators (WTGs). Current-based bearing fault diagnosis techniques have great economic benefits and are potential to be adopted by the wind energy industry. This paper models the modulation effects of bearing faults on the stator currents of a direct-drive wind turbine equipped with a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) operating with a variable shaft rotating frequency. Based on the analysis, a method consisting of appropriate current frequency and amplitude demodulation algorithms and a 1P-invariant power spectrum density algorithm is proposed for bearing fault diagnosis of variable-speed direct-drive wind turbines …

Inactivation Of E. Coli Affected By Medium Conductivity In Pulsed Electric Field Processing, Tanya Kirilova Gachovska, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Harshavardhan Thippareddi, David Marx, Frazer Williams

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Vibration Energy Harvesting For Wireless Underground Sensor Networks, Salman Kahrobaee, Mehmet C. Vuran

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Recent developments in wireless underground communication have enabled the realization of underground sensor network applications. To this end, it is desirable to provide a sustainable operation for wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) with extended lifetimes as maintenance is significantly costly. One promising method towards sustainable operation is to harvest energy underground based on the vibration sources in the environment. However, to the best of our knowledge, underground vibration energy harvesting has not been investigated before. In this paper, the feasibility of vibration energy harvesting for WUSNs is investigated. First, an analytical framework is developed to model the maximum harvestable power …

A Multiagent Modeling And Investigation Of Smart Homes With Power Generation, Storage, And Trading Features, Salman Kahrobaee, Rasheed A. Rajabzadeh, Leen-Kiat Soh, Sohrab Asgarpoor

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Smart homes, as active participants in a smart grid, may no longer be modeled by passive load curves; because their interactive communication and bidirectional power flow within the smart grid affects demand, generation, and electricity rates. To consider such dynamic environmental properties, we use a multiagent-system-based approach in which individual homes are autonomous agents making rational decisions to buy, sell, or store electricity based on their present and expected future amount of load, generation, and storage, accounting for the benefits each decision can offer. In the proposed scheme, home agents prioritize their decisions based on the expected utilities they provide. …

Optimum Sizing Of Distributed Generation And Storage Capacity In Smart Households, Salman Kahrobaee, Sohrab Asgarpoor, Wei Qiao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In the near future, a smart grid will accommodate customers who are prepared to invest in generation-battery systems and employ energymanagement systems in order to cut down on their electricity bills. The main objective of this paper is to determine the optimum capacity of a customer’s distributed-generation system (such as a wind turbine) and battery within the framework of a smart grid. The proposed approach involves developing an electricity management system based on stochastic variables, such as wind speed, electricity rates, and load. Then, a hybrid stochastic method based on Monte Carlo simulation and particle swarm optimization is proposed to …

Real-Time Stereo Matching On Cuda Using An Iterative Refinement Method For Adaptive Support-Weight Correspondences, Jedrzej Kowalczuk, Eric T. Psota, Lance C. Pérez

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

High-quality real-time stereo matching has the potential to enable various computer vision applications including semi-automated robotic surgery, teleimmersion, and 3-D video surveillance. A novel real-time stereo matching method is presented that uses a two-pass approximation of adaptive supportweight aggregation, and a low-complexity iterative disparity refinement technique. Through an evaluation of computationally efficient approaches to adaptive support-weight cost aggregation, it is shown that the two-pass method produces an accurate approximation of the support weights while greatly reducing the complexity of aggregation. The refinement technique, constructed using a probabilistic framework, incorporates an additive term into matching cost minimization and facilitates iterative processing …