Engineering Commons^™

The Preparation Of Flexible Polymeric Anode And The Measurement Of Its Protective Ability For Cathodic Protection, Ai-Ling Du, He-Ming Zhang, Ming-Zong Zhang, Shi-De Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

The flexible electrode, whose shape can be changed freely, was made of ethenyl copolymer and conductive component and proper amount of additive for cathodic protection. The resistance of electrode was measured.In low concentration of H₂SO₄, the flexible electrode can be used as auxiliary anode to protect the carbon steel. The protection ability of the flexible auxiliary anode was measured too.

Studies Of The Electrode Preparation Of Electrode From Lead Carbonate For Lead Acid Batteryⅰ. The Activation Of The Pme, Zhong-Xu Dai, Di-Hua Wang, Jun-Wei Jiang, Yun-Hong Zhou, Jin-Yun Zou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lead carbonate which was an intermediate product in lead hydrometallurgy without pollution of lead vapor and sulfur dioxide was selected as electrode material of lead-acid batteries. In the present work, the performances of PbO₂/PbSO₄ or PbSO₄/Pb electrode transformed from PbCO₃ have been investigated by powder microelectrode technique combined with cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the CV characteristics of either negative or positive electrode prepared from PbCO₃ is as good as that of both electrodes made from lead oxide produced by mill machine,when a powder microelectrode with PbCO₃ transformed into PbSO 4 …

Trends. The Crash Of Egyptair 990: Realities Of Psychological Screening, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The article further discusses the crash of EgyptAir 990 and the lack of periodic, formal psychological screening by many commercial airlines of all pilots and other members of a flight crew.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Ole Miss Engineer 1999

Ole Miss Engineer

No abstract provided.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Mechtech Program: An Education And Training Model For The Next Century, Robert Forrant

New England Journal of Public Policy

The small-firm metalworking industry is routinely characterized by cutthroat competition and fierce privacy. Yet, since the late 1980s, the members of the western Massachusetts chapter of the National Tooling and Machining Association have participated in an education, training, and technology diffusion network characterized by a high degree of interfirm cooperation. Hundreds of workers and managers have take part in group training sessions and seminars. The reconstruction of the skill base is central to the MechTech apprenticeship program through which apprentices spend four years in participating firms, exiting the program as licensed machinists, tool and die makers, or moldmakers. In an …

Ibpp Research Associates: Space And Extreme Environments, M. Ephimia Morphew - Society For Human Performance In Extreme Environments

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

Per M. Ephimia Morphew. President of the Society for Human Performance in Extreme Environments previously online at http://www.hpee.org, colleagues at the Institute of Biomedical Problems in Russia (IBMP) are engaged in an isolation experiment pertaining to space exploration that is two months underway and preliminary findings are reported [in the article entitled First Two Months of Simulated Isolation Passed.]

IBPP commentary includes a discussion of human factors and political psychology as parameters of space.

Pesticide Residue Regulation: Analysis Of Food Quality Protection Act Implementation, Linda-Jo Schierow

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Schierow discusses the effects of a recent statute on food safety.

The Impacts Of Using A Safety Compliance Standard In Highway Design, Paul J. Ossenbruggen

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Ossenbruggen introduces an algorithmic method to objectively test and evaluate safety in the highway design process.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

A New Method For Preparing Self-Assembled Lipid Bilayers On Pt Electrode, Peng Diao, Dian-Lu Jiang, Xiao-Li Cui, Deng-Ping Gu, Ru-Ting Tong

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new method for preparing Pt-supported bilayer lipid membrane (Pt-BLM) on Pt electrode cleaned by high power ultrasound was reported. The reported method was convenient, costing less platinum and could be used to form large-area Pt-BLM as compared with the traditional Pt-wire-cutting method. The electrical properties of Pt-BLM were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Experimental results showed that the values of membrane capacitance and the voltammetric characteristics were consistent with those of Pt-BLM prepared by traditional method.

Direct Electrolysis Of Seawater On Conducting Film For Microbial Anticorrosion 1. Simulation And Measurement Technique, Wei-Ling Hu, Ling-Ling Wu, Jing Zhou, Jing-Xin Li, Jin Luo, Zhong-Hua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Based on the electrochemical micro probe and the weak signal detection technique, simulated test and measurement system were set up by the use of four-electrode cell(including a micro electrode), bipotentiostat, lock-in amplifier and three-dimensional micro manipulating device. Based on the system, the micrometer scale concentration distribution of trace hypochlorite, which is produced by direct electrolysis of seawater on the conducting film for preventing microbial corrosion has been obtained for the first time. Both relationships between concentration of hypochlorite and its reduction current, which is termed an working curve, and between the reduction current of hypochlorite and measured time are reported.

A Study Of The Corrosion On Bronze, Hong-Fan Zhu, Hao Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The bronze is the treasure in chinese metallic antique, which was typified by product in Shang-Zhou period (three thousands years ago). Because of corrosion, archaeological messages, such as inscription and pattern on the surface of bronze, would be damaged then the value of bronze antique decreased. The bronze disease is a common disease which forms powdery rust on the surface of bronze in atmospheric environment, the powdery rust emerge from under incrusted rust, then spreads, and eventually leads to bronze damaged. This paper investigates the bronze disease. According to the chemical and electrochemical tests in simulated occluded cell, the variation …

Electrochemical Synthesis Of Fes Electrode And Its Behavior Measurement, Cong-Sheng Guan

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Potential for the electrochemical synthesis of FeS electrode has been obtained by cyclic voltammetry. FeS electrodes were synthesiaed by controlling Fe electrode at -1.0 V in LiCl-KCl-Li₂S and Li(FClI)-Li₂S melts and their behavior were measured also. The FeS electrode synthesized in molten Li(FClI)-Li₂S has the best charge and discharge properties.

In Situ Ftirs Studies Of The Electrochemically Induced Coupling Of Osmium Nitrido Species In Acetonitrile, Sheng-Pei Chen, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

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Deactivation Of Nickel Oxide/Hydroxide To Electrooxidation Of H2Po2 Anions On Nickel Electrodes In Alkaline Solutions, Tai-Xiang Jiang, Hui-Huang Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrooxidation of hypophosphite anions on polycrystalline nickel in alkaline solutions has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and open circuit potential measurements. The results are explained based on the mechanism that the first step of hypophosphite oxidation is the adsorption of hypophosphite ions on nickel, followed by the homolysis of its hydrogen bond with the formation of radicals. The oxidation of hypophosphite on nickel in alkaline medium occurs at lower potentials between ca. -0.8 V— -1.1 V (SCE) and phosphite ion is the only oxidation product. There is no indication of hypophosphite oxidation at higher potentials. Severe deactivation of the surface …

Preparation And Ionic Conductivity Of Nanometer-Sized Li2+XGdXSi1+XO3 By The Sol-Gel Method, Ru-Fen Chen, Xiu-Qin Song, Hua-Ting Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Li_2+xGd_xSi_1-xO₃(x =0～0.15) samples have been prepared by the Sol-Gel method. The power samples were characterized by DTA-TG, XRD and TEM. Ionic conductivity of the sinter was determined by means of A-C impedance measurements. The experimental results showed that the range of solid-solution was 0 < x ≤ 0.09, while the conductivity of samples raised with increasing amount of Gd₂O₃ added, and average grain size of samples was 80 nm. In comparing with the samples by the conventional solid state reaction, the samples prepared by Sol-Gel method required lower temperature and presented higher ionic conductivity.

Structural And Electrochemical Studies On Lithium Manganese Oxide Containing Li+ Prepared By Hydrothermal Method For Lithium Ion Batteries, De-Yao Liu, Jin-Kua You, Wei Chu, Yong Yang, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, Todorokite manganese oxides containing Li⁺ with large tunnel structure (sample M5) have been synthesized by hydrothermal methods from natural manganese oxide nano fiber (sample M4). The structure and composition of the samples were characterized and analyzed by XRD, ICP, TGA and DTA. Its electrochemical behavior as a cathode materials for rechargeable lithium ion insertion were studied by galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. XRD results show that the sample M4 is mainly composed of Birnessite and Vernadite structure. Although the sample M4 shows a high initial capacity of approximately 150 mAh/g, its performances decrease gradually over 30 cycles. It …

The Techniques Of The Paired Electrosynthesis, Hong-Kun Zhang, Deng-Ping Gu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this Paper, we introduce our work on paired electrosynthesis. In conjunction with our research practice, we introduce electrolytic conditions,such as material of electrode ,courrent density and electrolytic temperature etc,as reference for researcher. We categorize the paired electrosynthesis techniques to widen our view on the paired electroorganic synthesis and to promote the deveopments of paired electrosynthesis techniques.

A Study Self-Passivation Of Passivie Film Of Stainless Steel In Vinylon Aldehyde Solution, Si-Fu Hu, Chuan-Bi Xu, Zhu-Qiu Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Properties of self-passivation for the anodic passive film of 1Cr18Ni9Ti and the firsthand passive film of SUS 36 stainless steel in vinylon aldehyde solution(H₂SO₄(240 g/L)+Na₂SO₄(70 g/L)+HCHO(25 g/L)+[Fe³⁺](35.4 mg/L)+[Cl^-](240 mg/L) at 70 ℃ were studied by galvanostatic and potentiostatic polarization mesurements. The effects of compponents of vinylon aldehyde solution, i.e. Fe³⁺ and Cl^-, on the passivation behaviours of stainless steel have also been investigated. The experimental results showed there is a conversion zone of the active/passive state if the area ratio of active/passive state on these …

Influence Of Thiourea And Its Derivate On The Process Of Cathodic Electrodeposition Of Copper, Yun-Hui Dong, Ai-Hong Zou, Yun-Xia Zhao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effects of thiourea and its derivate on the electrodeposition of copper from the dilute acid sulphate solutions have been studied by using potential sweep techniques at quasisteady state. Limiting current densities (I_d), exchange current densities (i₀) and α_n are obtained by data processing with the least square method. Thiourea has a depolarizing effect on the copper depositing at concentrations below 8 mg·L^-1, and a polarizing effect at higher concentration (>10 mg·L^-1), and it changes the mechanism of copper deposition reaction. Propenyltiourea and Phenylthiourea have a depolarizing effect on the …

Study On Synthesizing Of 2-Methylbutanoic Acid By Indirect Electrooxidation, Chong-Tao Zhao, Ze-Shan Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The working conditions of synthesizing 2-methylbutanoic acid by oxidizing 2-methyl-1-butanol with tetrabutylammonium hydrosulfate (TBAS) or tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) as phase transfer catalyst in sulfuric acid Cr(Ⅵ) oxidation medium was studied. The Cr(Ⅵ) oxidation medium could be electrolytic regenerated from Cr(Ⅲ), during above oxidation reaction. Under the optinum condition, the yield of 2-methylbutanoic acid is more than 95%.

The Ac-Impedance Analysis For Pluse Oxide Film Of Aluminium Alloy, Ai-Ling Du, Xi-Cheng Ma, He-Ming Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Bode diagrams for aluminum PC (abbreviated from pulse current) oxide films were first obtained by AC-impedance measurements in a wide range of frequency. The experimental results show that different kinds of electrical equivalent circuits can be used for representing PC films and DC (abbreviated from direct current) oxide films separately, the main differences between them are their porous layers, the PC films are more even with little defects.Those are also verified by SEM and V-I characteristic curve measurements.

Calculation Of Corrosion Rate Of Passive Metals With Charge Curve Analysis Technique, Yuan-Sheng Zhang, Min Gong

Journal of Electrochemistry

This work contains two parts: (1) A charge curve equation having no appro-ximation for passivated metal corrosion systems is derived and compared with the routine charge curve equation, which is virtual only when the polarization is minim(linear range). (2) It is simpler to analyze charge curve data by from of charge differential equation than from charge curve equation. After the charge curve data are measured, the slope of charge curve is computed by numerical differentiation method, then the charge differential equation may be transformed to a set of linear equations using polynomial approximation. The electrochemical parameters of corrosion system would …

The Effects Of Metallic Cobalt Abbition On The Performance Of Pasted Nickel Electrodes, An-Bao Yuan, Jian-Qing Zhang, Wan-Chun Ding, Shao-An Cheng, Chu-Nan Cao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Ni-foam pasted nickel electrodes prepared by coprecipitated Ni_1-XZn_X(OH)₂ with and without cobalt power addition have been studied. The electrode with addition of metallic cobalt showed a higher performance both in discharge capacity and cycle life. It is known from the experiment results that the addition of Co can remarkably increase the active material utilization which is suggested to be improvement of discharge depth due to the conducting CoOOH formed in the first activation charging. The superior capacity during cycling could be attributed to the synergistic action of zinc and cobalt addition ,especially to the …

When Bad Leads To Good: Airplane Crashes And The Political Psychology Of Stress, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article begins a series on research presented at the 1999 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association. The article suggests some of the complexities in the construct of stress and applies them to research on the psychological aftermath of surviving an airplane crash.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

41st Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 41st annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 1-5, 1999.

Introduction: The Challenge Of Risk Communication In A Democratic Society, Richard C. Rich, Robert J. Griffin, Sharon M. Friedman

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The symposium editors review key issues concerning the relationship between risk communication and public participation.