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Articles 22111 - 22140 of 27414

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Experimental Study Of The Reverse Conversion Of Wave Spectra, Beng Chun Lee, Yang-Ming Fan, Xiangbo Feng, Chia Chuen Kao Feb 2013

Experimental Study Of The Reverse Conversion Of Wave Spectra, Beng Chun Lee, Yang-Ming Fan, Xiangbo Feng, Chia Chuen Kao

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The observed deep-sea wave data are most appropriate to use in the data assimilation technique. For wave stations (e.g., the Longdong data buoy station in the northeastern Taiwan Sea near the coast), wave data must be reverse-calculate deep-sea wave data for data assimilation applications because seafloor slopes in the northeastern Taiwan Sea are acute and the distances between wave interactions during propagation are shorter. Consequently, nonlinear effects arising from the topography become insignificant as waves approach the coast from the open sea. The proposed technique to reversecalculate the deep-sea wave spectrum from the near-shore wave spectrum, based on first-order wave …

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Carbonation Service Life Prediction Of Existing Concrete Viaduct/Bridge Using Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis, Ming-Te Liang, Ran Huang, Shen-Ann Fang Feb 2013

Carbonation Service Life Prediction Of Existing Concrete Viaduct/Bridge Using Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis, Ming-Te Liang, Ran Huang, Shen-Ann Fang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper examines the predicted carbonation life of an existing concrete viaduct/bridge in the atmospheric environment based on probability and reliability indices. The probability is dependent upon the carbonation rate, carbonation remainder, concrete quality, and concrete cover. The carbonation life is defined as the service life of reinforced concrete (RC) or prestressed concrete (PC) structure at the beginning of time of steel corrosion when concrete cover surfers from carbonation and loses the protection function to steel. The carbonation life is equivalent to the initiation time of corrosion of reinforcement. Both the Chorng-ching viaduct and Wannfwu bridge were offered as illustrative …

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Experimental Study Of Wave Breaking Criteria And Energy Loss Caused By A Submerged Porous Breakwater On Horizontal Bottom, Yi-Chun Liao, Jyun-Han Jiang, Yi-Ping Wu, Chung-Pan Lee Feb 2013

Experimental Study Of Wave Breaking Criteria And Energy Loss Caused By A Submerged Porous Breakwater On Horizontal Bottom, Yi-Chun Liao, Jyun-Han Jiang, Yi-Ping Wu, Chung-Pan Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Study on the criteria of wave breaking and energy loss caused by a submerged porous breakwater on a horizontal bottom has been performed experimentally in a 2-D wave tank. Wave conditions as well as the freeboard of the submerged breakwater, with the front slope of 1/2 and 1/5, are varying in the experiments. Results show that almost all tested waves can be triggered to break when the ratio of the estimated equivalent deepwater wave height to the freeboard of the submerged breakwater is greater than one. Results also reveal that a milder front slope of submerged breakwater may not trigger …

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Analysis Of Contact Problem Using Improved Fast Multipole Bem With Variable Elements Length Theory, Hai-Lian Gui, Qiang Li, Qing-Xue Huang, Guang-Xian Shen Feb 2013

Analysis Of Contact Problem Using Improved Fast Multipole Bem With Variable Elements Length Theory, Hai-Lian Gui, Qiang Li, Qing-Xue Huang, Guang-Xian Shen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper introduces a variable elements length theory to solve the change of contact area in contact problems. It avoids recalculating the whole coefficient matrix. In this theory, element length is changed instead of element number in contact boundary problem. This measure keeps the contact area unchanged and saves computing time. The iterative process is discussed and the error estimate is given. Fast multipole boundary element method (FM-BEM) is improved by the variable elements length theory. The improved FM-BEM is used to solve the contact problems of cubes and strip cold rolling process. The results of improved FM-BEM are compared …

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Rainfall Prediction Using Innovative Grey Model With The Dynamic Index, Yong-Huang Lin, Chih-Chiang Chiu, Yong-Jun Lin Lin, Pin-Chan Lee Feb 2013

Rainfall Prediction Using Innovative Grey Model With The Dynamic Index, Yong-Huang Lin, Chih-Chiang Chiu, Yong-Jun Lin Lin, Pin-Chan Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Taiwan's special climate and landforms are affected by summer typhoons, with 78% of its rainfall occurring during the summer and autumn months. The range and the severity of disasters has increased in recent years, thanks in part to climate change, which has caused an unstable rainfall. Accurate rainfall predictions help to forecast rivers' water levels. This study proposes a new rainfall prediction model based on features of the rainfall system. In order to overcome the drawbacks found in the original grey model, a few corrections have been made to the new model. First, the dynamic index transformation is used to …

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Flexural Strength Of Prestressed Concrete Beams With Tendon Wrapped By Plastic Sheets, Ta-Heng Wang, Ran Huang, Jiang-Jhy Chang Feb 2013

Flexural Strength Of Prestressed Concrete Beams With Tendon Wrapped By Plastic Sheets, Ta-Heng Wang, Ran Huang, Jiang-Jhy Chang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

For post-tension prestressed concrete beams, both of tendons laid in metal duct and wrapped by plastic sheets are recognized as unbonded tendon by researchers, and the same equation is used to estimate the flexural strength. But the contacting conditions between tendon and its surrounding concrete are quite different for these two kinds of unbonded tendons. This study compares the flexural strength, crack distribution and crack width of beams with these two kinds of unbonded tendons and bonded tendon. The results reveal that the structural behavior of tendon wrapped by plastic sheets is between bonded tendon and tendon laid in metal …

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The Correlation Between Air-Borne Salt And Chlorides Cumulated On Concrete Surface In The Marine Atmosphere Zone In North Taiwan, Yu-Sheng Chen, Hui-Jen Chiu, Yi-Wen Chan, Yung-Chang Chang, Chung-Chia Yang Feb 2013

The Correlation Between Air-Borne Salt And Chlorides Cumulated On Concrete Surface In The Marine Atmosphere Zone In North Taiwan, Yu-Sheng Chen, Hui-Jen Chiu, Yi-Wen Chan, Yung-Chang Chang, Chung-Chia Yang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In this study, the improved Japanese salt sampler was adopted for the air-borne salt sampling tests in coastal areas of northern Taiwan. Thirty-five collection stations were set up in the northern coastal areas to collect air-borne salt data monthly from 2006 to 2009. As the exposure of structures in the natural environment, the chloride on the concrete surface of RC structures would be washed away by the precipitation. Therefore, a two-phase collection method was used to get the total air-borne salt “Cair” and the adhesive air-borne salt “Cadh”. The statistic results showed that the percentage of Cadh/Cair has a high …

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Solving Inhomogeneous Problems By Singular Boundary Method, Xing Wei, Wen Chen, Zhuo-Jia Fu Feb 2013

Solving Inhomogeneous Problems By Singular Boundary Method, Xing Wei, Wen Chen, Zhuo-Jia Fu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study makes the first attempt to extend the singular boundary method (SBM) to inhomogeneous problems in conjunction with the dual reciprocity method (DRM). The SBM is a new boundary-type meshless method and utilizes the fundamental solution to calculate the homogeneous solution of the governing equation of interest, where the inverse interpolation technique is designed to evaluate the origin intensity factor while overcoming the singularity of the fundamental solution at the origin. In this study, the DRM is employed to evaluate the particular solution of Poisson equation with multiquadratic functions. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed SBM-DRM scheme are …

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The Application Of Mep Systems Installation For Interface Integration In Building Construction, Sy-Jye Guo, Chi-Su Tai, Hsiao-Ching Chen Feb 2013

The Application Of Mep Systems Installation For Interface Integration In Building Construction, Sy-Jye Guo, Chi-Su Tai, Hsiao-Ching Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The mechanical/electrical/plumbing (MEP) systems employed in architectural engineering are complex and diverse. Improper integration at the equipment/pipeline interface results in interference and inappropriate sequence of jobs during installation can negatively influence the entire project. This study proposes useful guidelines and processes to avoid making mistakes in the integration of the interface, which would necessitate redoing work, increase costs, and delay completion. Eight criteria and three-level integration sequencing logic were adopted as the foundation for guidelines in the integration process. An eight-story laboratory with a total floor area of 20,000 m2 was selected to verify the proposed guidelines and processes. The …

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Dependence On Cyberscribes - Issues In E-Security, Thomas R. Mclean, Alexander B. Mclean Jan 2013

Dependence On Cyberscribes - Issues In E-Security, Thomas R. Mclean, Alexander B. Mclean

Journal of Business & Technology Law

No abstract provided.

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Enhanced Tribological Properties Of Surfaces Patterned With Su8/Dlc Microstructures, Luke Osborn Jan 2013

Enhanced Tribological Properties Of Surfaces Patterned With Su8/Dlc Microstructures, Luke Osborn

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

In tribology (the study of friction, wear, and lubrication), it is known that micro-textured surfaces can reduce friction due to decreased contact area between two surfaces. The problem with many micro-textures, however, is their inability to withstand significant amounts of wear, thus limiting their potential uses and overall effectiveness. In this study, connected and isolated microstructures of SU8, a negative tone photoresist, coated with and without diamond-like carbon (DLC), were designed to investigate the effects of these microstructures and DLC coating on the tribological performance of a surface. Friction and wear studies were conducted using a tribometer; surface topography and …

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Preparation Of New Versatile And Implantable Titanate Nanofiber-Bioscaffolds Via Efficient Cation Exchanges, Keaton Piper Jan 2013

Preparation Of New Versatile And Implantable Titanate Nanofiber-Bioscaffolds Via Efficient Cation Exchanges, Keaton Piper

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

For the first time in the implantable biomaterials field, efficient hydrothermal cation exchange methods were developed suitable for mass-production of implantable material. The cation exchange conditions were performed by various methods of temperature, pressure, and time exposure. To confirm both chemical and physical alteration of the scaffold, XRD shift analysis, EDX atomic composition, and SEM imaging were conducted. The optimal results are to use aqueous solutions of 0.5 M chloride salts in sealed heated containers at 180 ̊C for eight hours. Cation exchange capacities are determined for K+, Na+, Li+, Ca2+, and Sr2+; future studies demanding durable, highly specific composition …

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Table Of Contents Jan 2013

Table Of Contents

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

No abstract provided.

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A Simple Experiment With Microsoft Office 2010 And Windows 7 Utilizing Digital Forensic Methodology, Gregory H. Carlton Jan 2013

A Simple Experiment With Microsoft Office 2010 And Windows 7 Utilizing Digital Forensic Methodology, Gregory H. Carlton

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Digital forensic examiners are tasked with retrieving data from digital storage devices, and frequently these examiners are expected to explain the circumstances that led to the data being in its current state. Through written reports or verbal, expert testimony delivered in court, digital forensic examiners are expected to describe whether data have been altered, and if so, then to what extent have data been altered. Addressing these expectations results from opinions digital forensic examiners reach concerning their understanding of electronic storage and retrieval methods. The credibility of these opinions evolves from the scientific basis from which they are drawn using …

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The Advanced Data Acquisition Model (Adam): A Process Model For Digital Forensic Practice, Richard Adams, Val Hobbs, Graham Mann Jan 2013

The Advanced Data Acquisition Model (Adam): A Process Model For Digital Forensic Practice, Richard Adams, Val Hobbs, Graham Mann

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

As with other types of evidence, the courts make no presumption that digital evidence is reliable without some evidence of empirical testing in relation to the theories and techniques associated with its production. The issue of reliability means that courts pay close attention to the manner in which electronic evidence has been obtained and in particular the process in which the data is captured and stored. Previous process models have tended to focus on one particular area of digital forensic practice, such as law enforcement, and have not incorporated a formal description. We contend that this approach has prevented the …

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A Simplified Model Of The Internal Combustion Engine, Christofer Neff Jan 2013

A Simplified Model Of The Internal Combustion Engine, Christofer Neff

Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two

This project further investigates a model of a simplified internal combustion engine considered by Kranc in 1977. Using Euler’s method for ordinary differential equations, we modeled the interaction between the engine’s flywheel and thermodynamic power cycle. Approximating with sufficiently small time intervals (0.001 seconds over a period of 12 seconds) reproduced Kranc’s results with the engine having an average angular velocity of 72/sec.

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Adiabatic Flame Temperature For Combustion Of Methane Ii, Rebeca Pupo Jan 2013

Adiabatic Flame Temperature For Combustion Of Methane Ii, Rebeca Pupo

Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two

We calculate the adiabatic flame temperature of a mixture of methane and oxygen in the presence of a diluent gas then determine the mole fractions of methane without respect to nitrogen and solve for the moles of oxygen present. Knowing the moles of methane and oxygen, allows us to calculate the moles of nitrogen present at four constant mole fractions of nitrogen, and the adiabatic flame temperature is determined from the energy released by the reaction. Lastly, we produce several graphs to compare the adiabatic flame temperatures at different mole fractions of nitrogen.

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Finding The Area Of A Major League Baseball Field, Jacob Courchaine Jan 2013

Finding The Area Of A Major League Baseball Field, Jacob Courchaine

Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two

Using a Major League Baseball (MLB) baseball field template for guidelines, we estimate the cost of building the largest possible field accepted under MLB standards. This includes finding the areas of both the clay and grassy regions and determining how many bags of clay and fertilizer are required to cover the field.

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Compliance In The Ether: Cloud Computing, Data Security And Business Regulation, J. Nicholas Hoover Jan 2013

Compliance In The Ether: Cloud Computing, Data Security And Business Regulation, J. Nicholas Hoover

Journal of Business & Technology Law

No abstract provided.

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Valence-Length Correlations For Chemical Bonds From Atomic Orbital Exponents, F. D. Hardcastle Jan 2013

Valence-Length Correlations For Chemical Bonds From Atomic Orbital Exponents, F. D. Hardcastle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Pauling’s empirical bond valence-length correlation has proven valuable because it offers a quick and convenient way of checking and evaluating molecular structures and determining oxidation states from measured bond lengths. In this study, a simplified quantum-mechanical approach was used to derive Pauling’s empirical bond valence-length relationship by considering overlap of hydrogen-like orbitals. An expression for the b “empirical” fitting parameter was derived in terms of atomic-orbital exponents. A new set of orbital exponents is presented using published atomic/covalent radii and a continuous function for the effective principal quantum. The b parameters calculated from the orbital exponents are consistent with bond …

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Trajectory Generation For Stair Ascent Walking Using Rayleigh Oscillator, T. Afzal, Andrew B. Wright, Kamran Iqbal Jan 2013

Trajectory Generation For Stair Ascent Walking Using Rayleigh Oscillator, T. Afzal, Andrew B. Wright, Kamran Iqbal

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This paper describes a trajectory generation technique for stair-ascent walking. The knee, hip and ankle joint trajectory during stair ascent are generated using mutually coupled, nonlinear oscillators. The parameters of the oscillators are tuned using the harmonic balance method, which converts the nonlinear differential equations to a set of algebraic equations. Fourier analysis of data generated by stair-ascent walking is performed to extract the amplitude and the phase of the dominant frequency components for each joint trajectory. The solution for the oscillator is assumed to be a sinusoidal wave and then by harmonic balance method the parameters of the oscillator …

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Measurements Of Three-Dimensional Velocity Fields Under Breaking Waves, Matthew Auch Jan 2013

Measurements Of Three-Dimensional Velocity Fields Under Breaking Waves, Matthew Auch

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

The three-dimensional (3D) velocity fields under breaking waves were measured using a Volumetric Three-Component Velocimetry (V3V) system. The V3V instrumentation determines the 3D positions and velocities of seed particles within a 3D measurement volume by using a synchronized laser-camera system and image processing algorithms. Measured velocity fields showed 3D vortex structures descending to the bottom and quickly dissipating as breaking waves propagated onshore.

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A Method For Ontology-Based Semantic Relatedness Measurement, Görkem Gi̇ray, Murat Osman Ünalir Jan 2013

A Method For Ontology-Based Semantic Relatedness Measurement, Görkem Gi̇ray, Murat Osman Ünalir

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

There are many methods having different approaches for assessing similarity and relatedness and they are used in many application areas, including web service discovery, invocation and composition, word sense disambiguation, information retrieval, ontology alignment and merging, document clustering, and short answer grading. These methods can be categorized as path-based, information content-based, feature-based, geometric model-based, and hybrid approaches. These approaches use resources such as concept hierarchy, conceptual graph, and corpus for computing similarity and relatedness. With the rise of the semantic web, ontologies have attracted the attention of several researchers. Ontologies represented in the Web Ontology Language (OWL) are also valuable …

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Analysis Of Corn Stover Structural Properties For Mechanical Processing Applications, Taylor Suess Jan 2013

Analysis Of Corn Stover Structural Properties For Mechanical Processing Applications, Taylor Suess

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

The research objective of this study is to examine the behavior of chopped corn stover biomass as it undergoes a variety of mechanical loading conditions. Biomass materials, including corn stover, have unique properties that make it challenging to effectively and efficiently feed into thermochemical conversion systems that produce biofuels and bioproducts. These properties include large particle size, fibrous structure, and low density, to name a few. The most common difficulty in creating a system like this for corn stover is plugging within mechanical and pneumatic feeding systems. It is hypothesized that the material properties of fibrous corn stover contribute to …

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Estimation Of Fuel Cost Curve Parameters For Thermal Power Plants Using The Abc Algorithm, Yusuf Sönmez Jan 2013

Estimation Of Fuel Cost Curve Parameters For Thermal Power Plants Using The Abc Algorithm, Yusuf Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The solution accuracy of economic dispatch problems is associated with the accuracy of the fuel cost curve parameters. Therefore, updating of these parameters is a very important issue to further improve the final accuracy of economic dispatch problems. Estimating the parameters of the fuel cost curve may be the best solution for this issue. This paper presents an application of the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to estimate the fuel cost curve parameters of thermal power plants. In the estimation problem, 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-order fuel cost functions are used, and the estimation problem is formulated as an optimization one. …

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Preserving Location Privacy For A Group Of Users, Maede Ashouri-Talouki, Ahmad Baraani Dastjerdi, Ali̇ Aydin Selçuk Jan 2013

Preserving Location Privacy For A Group Of Users, Maede Ashouri-Talouki, Ahmad Baraani Dastjerdi, Ali̇ Aydin Selçuk

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Location privacy is an interesting problem that has been receiving considerable attention. This problem has been widely discussed from the individual point of view; however, there exist only a few works that support location privacy for a group of users. In this paper we consider the problem of supporting location privacy for a group of users during the use of location-based services (LBSs). We assume a group of users who want to benefit from a LBS and find the nearest meeting place that minimizes their aggregate distance. Each user in this scenario wants to protect his or her location from …

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Swarm Optimization Tuned Mamdani Fuzzy Controller For Diabetes Delayed Model, Mohammad Hassan Khooban, Davood Nazari Maryam Abadi, Alireza Alfi, Mehdi Siahi Jan 2013

Swarm Optimization Tuned Mamdani Fuzzy Controller For Diabetes Delayed Model, Mohammad Hassan Khooban, Davood Nazari Maryam Abadi, Alireza Alfi, Mehdi Siahi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Diabetes is a chronic disease in which there are high levels of sugar in the blood. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the blood glucose level in the body. Diabetes mellitus can be caused by too little insulin, a resistance to insulin, or both. Although research activities on controlling blood glucose have been attempted to lower the blood glucose level in the quickest possible time, there are some shortages in the amount of the insulin injection. In this paper, a complete model of the glucose--insulin regulation system, which is a nonlinear delay differential model, is used. The purpose of this …

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Orthogonal Array Based Performance Improvement In The Gravitational Search Algorithm, Ökkeş Tolga Altinöz, Asim Egemen Yilmaz, Gerhard Wilhelm Weber Jan 2013

Orthogonal Array Based Performance Improvement In The Gravitational Search Algorithm, Ökkeş Tolga Altinöz, Asim Egemen Yilmaz, Gerhard Wilhelm Weber

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is a novel heuristic method inspired by Newton's gravity and velocity equations. In addition, it is a population-based algorithm, in which each member (called an agent) in the population has a mass, velocity, and acceleration. Beginning with the first population state, agents influence each other via mass and velocity relations. This mutual effect causes agents to reach the optimum. Hence, the performance of the GSA to attain the optimum is related to the initial population formation, like other population-based algorithms. In this study, the orthogonal array (OA) concept is applied and injected to the GSA …

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A New Technique For Rare-Event Simulation Based On Partition Of The Region, Amir Jalaly Bidgoly, Mohammad Abdollahi Azgomi Jan 2013

A New Technique For Rare-Event Simulation Based On Partition Of The Region, Amir Jalaly Bidgoly, Mohammad Abdollahi Azgomi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Rare events are an important limitation of discrete-event simulation in some areas of applications. The existing rare-event simulation (RES) techniques, such as importance sampling (IS), splitting, and RESTART, have been used for RES so far. However, these techniques not only have some limitations, but also are not general or easy to use. In this paper, the partition of the region (PoR) method is used as a variance reduction technique in a new RES technique for usage with a wide range of modeling and simulation languages. Three variants of the proposed technique will be introduced: simple PoR, recursive PoR, and advanced …

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Model Of A Photovoltaic Panel Emulator In Matlab-Simulink, Hayretti̇n Can Jan 2013

Model Of A Photovoltaic Panel Emulator In Matlab-Simulink, Hayretti̇n Can

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Being able to behave electrically similar to photovoltaic (PV) panels, PV emulator systems make it possible to perform different PV system tests under various operation conditions. In this paper, a model of a PV panel emulator is presented using the Power System Blockset under MATLAB-Simulink. The simulation of the emulator system is developed for testing a controller prior to a real-time implementation. The model can handle the dependence of all of the parameters in the model with respect to solar radiation and temperature. The simulation results show that the output characteristics of the simulator have good agreement with those of …

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