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Articles 21451 - 21480 of 27416

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Induction Motor Parameter Estimation Using Metaheuristic Methods, Ali̇ İhsan Çanakoğlu, Asim Gökhan Yetgi̇n, Hasan Temurtaş, Mustafa Turan Jan 2014

Induction Motor Parameter Estimation Using Metaheuristic Methods, Ali̇ İhsan Çanakoğlu, Asim Gökhan Yetgi̇n, Hasan Temurtaş, Mustafa Turan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The steady-state equivalent circuit parameters of an induction motor can be estimated using the operation characteristics that are provided by manufacturers. The characteristics of the motor used in estimation methods are the starting, maximum, and nominal torque values; the power factor; and efficiency. The operation characteristics of a motor given in data sheets are generally based on design parameters and are not suitable with real values. For this reason, in this paper, the data used in the parameter estimation for induction motors are taken from the literature. Using an optimization method for parameter estimation is useful for comparing the manufacturer …

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Optimal Reactive Power Flow Solution In Multiterminal Ac-Dc Systems Based On Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Faruk Yalçin, Uğur Ari̇foğlu Jan 2014

Optimal Reactive Power Flow Solution In Multiterminal Ac-Dc Systems Based On Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Faruk Yalçin, Uğur Ari̇foğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Active power loss optimization is one of the important goals in electrical power systems and it is provided by optimal reactive power flow (ORPF). In this study, a new approach for the solution of the ORPF in multiterminal AC-DC systems is proposed. This approach provides 3 main contributions. First, the convergence problem in the AC-DC power flow is solved. Second, the problem of getting stuck in local minima during the optimization process is overcome. Third, a better global optimum point is obtained for the ORPF. Active power loss optimization is implemented through the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, which is …

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Digital Control System Design And Analyses Of A 3-Phase Bearingless Induction Motor, Wenshao Bu, Conglin Zu, Shaojie Wang, Shenghua Huang Jan 2014

Digital Control System Design And Analyses Of A 3-Phase Bearingless Induction Motor, Wenshao Bu, Conglin Zu, Shaojie Wang, Shenghua Huang

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The overall configuration of a magnetic suspension decoupling control system is designed to realize the reliable digital control of a 3-phase bearingless induction motor whose rotor windings are not pole-specific. Based on a digital signal processor complementary metal-oxide semiconductor chip, the digital control hardware and software systems are analyzed and designed. In this paper, the calculation and regulation of the motor rotational speed, correction and regulation methods of the radial displacements, calculation and compensation algorithms of the unilateral magnetic pulls, induction compensation algorithm of the effective suspension control current, current regulation, and space-vector pulse width modulation algorithms, are presented in …

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Class-E Gaas Hbt Power Amplifier With Passive Linearization Scheme For Mobile Wireless Communications, Uthirajoo Eswaran, Harikrishnan Ramiah, Jeevan Kanesan, Ahmed Wasif Reza Jan 2014

Class-E Gaas Hbt Power Amplifier With Passive Linearization Scheme For Mobile Wireless Communications, Uthirajoo Eswaran, Harikrishnan Ramiah, Jeevan Kanesan, Ahmed Wasif Reza

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A linearization technique for improving the class-E power amplifier (PA)'s adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is proposed. The design is simulated in a 2-mu m InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor process. The integration of a passive predistorter at the input of the PA linearizes the proposed architecture. At a 29-dBm output power, the PA's ACPR is indicated to be -51 dBc, meeting the stringent code division multiple access regulation. At this exact output power, the simulated power added efficiency is 55 % with the collector voltage headroom consumption of 3.4 V. The input return loss, S11, of the PA is simulated …

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A Reconfigurable Baseband Circuit Applied For Wimax Low-If Receivers, Xin Cheng, Guangjun Xie Jan 2014

A Reconfigurable Baseband Circuit Applied For Wimax Low-If Receivers, Xin Cheng, Guangjun Xie

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents a reconfigurable baseband circuit for WiMAX low-IF receivers, including a complex filter and 2 automatic gain controllers (AGCs) for I and Q channels. Only by changing the capacitor values can the center and cutoff frequencies of the complex filter be adjusted simultaneously to realize the reconfigurability. Meanwhile, a novel one-step method to obtain fast gain settling of AGCs is proposed. The chip is fabricated in 0.13-\mu m CMOS technology, occupies 0.9 \times 1.3 mm^2, and consumes 14.8 mW of power with a 1.2-V power supply. The measurement results show a reconfigurable bandwidth of 2 K to 3.5/5/10 …

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Predics: A New Go-Po-Based Ray Launching Simulator For The Calculation Of Electromagnetic Scattering And Rcs From Electrically Large And Complex Structures, Caner Özdemi̇r, Betül Yilmaz, Özkan Kirik Jan 2014

Predics: A New Go-Po-Based Ray Launching Simulator For The Calculation Of Electromagnetic Scattering And Rcs From Electrically Large And Complex Structures, Caner Özdemi̇r, Betül Yilmaz, Özkan Kirik

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, we present a new simulator called pRediCS for the calculation of electromagnetic scattering and radar cross-section (RCS) from electrically large and complex targets. The simulator utilizes the geometric optics (GO) theory and launching of electromagnetic rays for tracing and calculating the electric field values as the electromagnetic waves bounce around the target. The physical optics (PO) theory is also exploited to calculate the final scattered electric field by calculating the far-field PO integration along the observation direction. The simulator is first tested with known objects of canonical shapes, whose analytical solutions are available in the literature. Next, …

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Sliding Mode Controller Design With Fractional Order Differentiation: Applications For Unstable Time Delay Systems, Celaleddi̇n Yeroğlu, Gürkan Kavuran Jan 2014

Sliding Mode Controller Design With Fractional Order Differentiation: Applications For Unstable Time Delay Systems, Celaleddi̇n Yeroğlu, Gürkan Kavuran

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents a design method for a sliding mode controller with the contribution of a fractional order differential operator. The conventional sliding mode controller has been widely studied in different control applications. This paper proposes that the fractional order differential operator enlarges the output span of the classical sliding mode controller to obtain a better-fitting control signal for enhanced control performance. The sliding surface and the equivalent control law are modified with the addition of a fractional differential operator and a conventional one. The proposed sliding mode controller with fractional order differentiation is applied to the unstable time delay …

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Abrupt And Incipient Fault Detection And Compensation For A 4-Tank System Benchmark, Pedram Hajiani, Javad Poshtan Jan 2014

Abrupt And Incipient Fault Detection And Compensation For A 4-Tank System Benchmark, Pedram Hajiani, Javad Poshtan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Fault detection and compensation play a key role in enhancing the high demand for performance and security in technological systems. This paper proposes an active fault-tolerant control scheme that detects and compensates for actuator faults in a 4-tank system benchmark. The faults are modeled as a drastic gain loss in actuators (pumps), which could lead to a large loss in the nominal performance. The model-based approach uses a recursive least squares parameter estimation algorithm to form a fault detection and diagnosis subsystem and utilizes a parametric eigenstructure assignment method to reconfigure the state feedback controller. The designed controller is simulated …

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Real-Time Control Of An Automated Guided Vehicle Using A Continuous Mode Of Sliding Mode Control, Bi̇rol Soysal Jan 2014

Real-Time Control Of An Automated Guided Vehicle Using A Continuous Mode Of Sliding Mode Control, Bi̇rol Soysal

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a tracking control method for a certain type of differential-drive wheeled mobile robot, called automated guided vehicles (AGVs), using a continuous mode approach of sliding mode control (SMC). The SMC applied produces a continuous signal in between the U and -U control signals instead of discrete ones. The controller is applied to control the velocity and direction angle of the vehicle in order to keep it on a desired path. The obtained algorithm is applied to the experimental system under load and disturbance to show its robustness. The experimental results are satisfactory and verify the performance of …

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Comparative Learning Global Particle Swarm Optimization For Optimal Distributed Generations' Output, Jasrul Jamani Jamian, Hazlie Mokhlis, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Muhammad Ariff Baharuddin Jan 2014

Comparative Learning Global Particle Swarm Optimization For Optimal Distributed Generations' Output, Jasrul Jamani Jamian, Hazlie Mokhlis, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Muhammad Ariff Baharuddin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The appropriate output of distributed generation (DG) in a distribution network is important for maximizing the benefit of the DG installation in the network. Therefore, most researchers have concentrated on the optimization technique to compute the optimal DG value. In this paper, the comparative learning in global particle swarm optimization (CLGPSO) method is introduced. The implementation of individual cognitive and social acceleration coefficient values for each particle and a new fourth term in the velocity formula make the process of convergence faster. This new algorithm is tested on 6 standard mathematical test functions and a 33-bus distribution system. The performance …

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A Novel Fuzzy Filter For Speckle Noise Removal, Mehmet Ali̇ Soytürk, Alper Baştürk, Mehmet Emi̇n Yüksel Jan 2014

A Novel Fuzzy Filter For Speckle Noise Removal, Mehmet Ali̇ Soytürk, Alper Baştürk, Mehmet Emi̇n Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, a novel fuzzy system-based method for speckle noise removal is proposed. The proposed method consists of a fuzzy inference system, an edge detection and dilation unit, and an image combiner. The fuzzy inference system includes 5 inputs and 1 output, and it is responsible for filtering the speckle noisy image. The inputs of the fuzzy system consist of the center pixel of the filtering window and its 2 horizontal and vertical neighbors. The edge detection and dilation unit is used for classifying the uniform areas and nonuniform image regions such as edges. The image combiner unites the …

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Performance Of Exhaustive Search With Parallel Agents, Toni Draganov Stojanovski Jan 2014

Performance Of Exhaustive Search With Parallel Agents, Toni Draganov Stojanovski

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The advent of high-performance computing via many-core processors and distributed processing emphasizes the possibility for exhaustive search by multiple search agents. Despite the occurrence of elegant algorithms for solving complex problems, exhaustive search has retained its significance since many real-life problems exhibit no regular structure and exhaustive search is the only possible solution. Here we analyze the performance of exhaustive search when it is conducted by multiple search agents. Several strategies for joint search with parallel agents are evaluated. We discover that the performance of the search improves with the increase in the level of mutual help between agents. The …

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New Design Of Intelligent Load Shedding Algorithm Based On Critical Line Overloads To Reduce Network Cascading Failure Risks, Mehrdad Majidi, Mohammad-Reza Aghamohammadi, Moein Manbachi Jan 2014

New Design Of Intelligent Load Shedding Algorithm Based On Critical Line Overloads To Reduce Network Cascading Failure Risks, Mehrdad Majidi, Mohammad-Reza Aghamohammadi, Moein Manbachi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents a new algorithm for intelligent load shedding based on critical line overloads. This method can increase the efficiency for determining critical lines and sensitive loads. Hence, when critical lines expose an overload, the system will run an intelligent load shedding, which considerably curtails the sensitive loads of critical transmission lines. This can fully reduce the harmful risks of power system cascading failures that impose extensive losses to the economy of a country. For testing the accuracy and applicability of this technique, the IEEE 39-bus test system is applied as a standard case study.

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Face Recognition Across Pose Variation And The 3s Problem, Jamal Hussain Shah, Muhammad Sharif, Mudassar Raza, Aisha Azeem Jan 2014

Face Recognition Across Pose Variation And The 3s Problem, Jamal Hussain Shah, Muhammad Sharif, Mudassar Raza, Aisha Azeem

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Most face recognition methods are based on linear and nonlinear subspace features extraction and classification tasks. These classification methods are used for global and local facial features for person identification. Both local and global features play different roles for recognition and classification. There are a number of face recognition methods that have been proposed up until now, and they produce good results. However, when small sample size (3S) and pose variation problems are taken into consideration, face recognition becomes more complex and does not produce good results. In this paper, 3S and pose variation problems are dealt with. First, linear …

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Fault Tolerant Broadcasting Analysis In Wireless Monitoring Networks, Akbar Ghaffarpour Rahbar Jan 2014

Fault Tolerant Broadcasting Analysis In Wireless Monitoring Networks, Akbar Ghaffarpour Rahbar

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Wireless monitoring networks can be used for security applications such as the monitoring of narrow passages and operational fields. These networks can be designed based on sensor networks. In sensor networks, each node can hear a message and broadcast the message to its neighbor nodes. Nevertheless, nodes may fail, so that faulty nodes cannot hear or cannot transmit any message, where the locations of the faulty nodes are unknown and their failures are permanent. In this paper, the nodes are situated on a line or a square grid-based topology in a plane for security/monitoring applications. For each topology, 2 nonadaptive …

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The Design Of An Embedded Spinal Cord Stimulator, Fi̇kret Yalçinkaya, Ali̇ Erbaş Jan 2014

The Design Of An Embedded Spinal Cord Stimulator, Fi̇kret Yalçinkaya, Ali̇ Erbaş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Spinal cord stimulation is a physical therapy methodology utilizing electrical impulses, pulses, or a combination of various standard electrical waveforms to block pain. However, standard forms are not functioning effectively for each illness due to the unique conditions of the patient. Therefore, patient-specific waveforms (or user-defined waveforms) integrated with nondestructive, complete, or partially noninvasive and effective medical instruments to help relieve pain are required. In the literature, 2 different designs have been discussed: the bedside/portable and the implantable/surgical types. This work is introducing a new hybrid type: a portable touch-screen multichannel embedded spinal cord stimulator. This work is made of …

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A Comparison Of Fuzzy Logic And Pid Controllers To Control Transmitted Power Using A Tcsc, Mohsen Hosseinzadeh Soreshjani, Navid Reza Abjadi, Abbas Kargar, Gholamreza Arab Markadeh Jan 2014

A Comparison Of Fuzzy Logic And Pid Controllers To Control Transmitted Power Using A Tcsc, Mohsen Hosseinzadeh Soreshjani, Navid Reza Abjadi, Abbas Kargar, Gholamreza Arab Markadeh

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Nowadays, the use of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) is an economical and interesting approach to improve power transfer capability. The thyristor-controlled series capacitor, as a member of the FACTS family, can control interrelated parameters with dynamism due to its ability of rapid control and stabilization. Regardless of all of the works in this area, the control of transmitted power through the design of the firing angle controller is still missing. In this paper, first, the open-loop firing angle controller and its sensitivities are analyzed to fill in this gap. Next, closed-loop controllers such as PID and fuzzy controllers are …

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Multiuser Detection Using Soft Particle Swarm Optimization Along With Radial Basis Function, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Aamer Saleem Choudhry, Ijaz Mansoor Qureshi Jan 2014

Multiuser Detection Using Soft Particle Swarm Optimization Along With Radial Basis Function, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Aamer Saleem Choudhry, Ijaz Mansoor Qureshi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The multiuser detection (MUD) problem was addressed as a pattern classification problem. Due to their strength in solving nonlinear separable problems, radial basis functions, aided by soft particle swarm optimization, were proposed to perform MUD for a synchronous direct sequence code division multiple access system. The proposed solution was shown to exhibit performance better than a number of other suboptimum detectors including the genetic algorithm and the classical particle swarm optimization algorithm.

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Development And Optimization Of A Dsp-Based Real-Time Lane Detection Algorithm On A Mobile Platform, Gürkan Küçükyildiz, Hasan Ocak Jan 2014

Development And Optimization Of A Dsp-Based Real-Time Lane Detection Algorithm On A Mobile Platform, Gürkan Küçükyildiz, Hasan Ocak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, image processing-based real-time lane detection, which is one of the significant problems in autonomous vehicle control, is explored. A mobile robot platform is developed for that purpose. The motion of the mobile robot is provided by 4 direct current motors, which are independently controlled. An image processing code is developed in a Visual DSP 5.0 environment and run on a BF-561 processor embedded in the ADSP BF-561 EZ-KIT LITE evaluation board (Analog Devices). In the image processing algorithm, Hough lines obtained from the Hough transform of the captured images are called candidate lane marks. Various elimination methods …

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Simulation Of A Flowing Snow Avalanche Using Molecular Dynamics, Deni̇zhan Güçer, Hali̇l Bülent Özgüç Jan 2014

Simulation Of A Flowing Snow Avalanche Using Molecular Dynamics, Deni̇zhan Güçer, Hali̇l Bülent Özgüç

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents an approach for the modeling and simulation of a flowing snow avalanche, which is formed of dry and liquefied snow that slides down a slope, using molecular dynamics and the discrete element method. A particle system is utilized as a base method for the simulation and marching cubes with real-time shaders are employed for rendering. A uniform grid-based neighbor search algorithm is used for collision detection for interparticle and particle-terrain interactions. A mass-spring model of the collision resolution is employed to mimic the compressibility of the snow and particle attraction forces are put into use between the …

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Dynamics, Stability, And Actuation Methods For Powered Compass Gait Walkers, Koray Kadi̇r Şafak Jan 2014

Dynamics, Stability, And Actuation Methods For Powered Compass Gait Walkers, Koray Kadi̇r Şafak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, methods to achieve actively powered walking on level ground using a simple 2-dimensional walking model (compass-gait walker) are explored. The walker consists of 2 massless legs connected at the hip joint, a point mass at the hip, and an infinitesimal point mass at the feet. The walker is actuated either by applying equal joint torques at the hip and ankle, by an impulse applied at the toe off, immediately before the heel strike, or by the combination of both. It is shown that actuating the walker by equal joint torques at the hip and ankle on level …

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Metaheuristic Linear Modeling Technique For Estimating The Excitation Current Of A Synchronous Motor, Hamdi̇ Tolga Kahraman Jan 2014

Metaheuristic Linear Modeling Technique For Estimating The Excitation Current Of A Synchronous Motor, Hamdi̇ Tolga Kahraman

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The subject of modeling and estimating of synchronous motor (SM) parameters is a challenge mathematically. Although effective solutions have been developed for nonlinear systems in artificial intelligence (AI)-based models, problems are faced with the application of these models in power circuits in real-time. One of these problems is the delay time resulting from a complex calculation process and thus the difficulties faced in the design of real-time motor driving circuits. Another important problem regards the difficulty in the realization of a complex AI-based model in microprocessor-based real-time systems. In this study, a new hybrid technique is developed to solve the …

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Frequency-Emulated Uniform Cellular Automata, Hürevren Kiliç Jan 2014

Frequency-Emulated Uniform Cellular Automata, Hürevren Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The notion of a frequency-emulated (f-emulated) uniform cellular automata (CA) that enables the behavior emulation of some elementary CA via memory usage is introduced. An algorithm that generates f-emulated uniform CA sets is developed and an upper bound for its output size is given. It is observed that traffic rule 184 together with its 2-emulator version, which generates the behavior of the known majority rule 232, performs the density classification task perfectly. Moreover, it is possible to use a 2-emulated uniform CA for the solution of the parity problem.

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Bioengineered Hearts, Rivky Loeb Jan 2014

Bioengineered Hearts, Rivky Loeb

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Heart disease is one of the highest causes for fatality in the world. Although many such diseases can be treated by a heart transplant, this in itself can cause countless problems. Aside from the high demand for donor hearts, there is the risk of the patient’s immune system rejecting the transplanted heart. A bioengineered heart would reduce the need for donor hearts, and thus save countless lives. Finding a suitable scaffold, obtaining appropriate cells, and ensuring that the tissue will function properly are the main focuses in creating an artificial heart. While most of the studies done have been concentrated …

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M-Fdbscan: A Multicore Density-Based Uncertain Data Clustering Algorithm, Atakan Erdem, Taflan İmre Gündem Jan 2014

M-Fdbscan: A Multicore Density-Based Uncertain Data Clustering Algorithm, Atakan Erdem, Taflan İmre Gündem

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In many data mining applications, we use a clustering algorithm on a large amount of uncertain data. In this paper, we adapt an uncertain data clustering algorithm called fast density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (FDBSCAN) to multicore systems in order to have fast processing. The new algorithm, which we call multicore FDBSCAN (M-FDBSCAN), splits the data domain into c rectangular regions, where c is the number of cores in the system. The FDBSCAN algorithm is then applied to each rectangular region simultaneously. After the clustering operation is completed, semiclusters that occur during splitting are detected and merged to …

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Effects Of A Current Transformer's Magnetizing Current On The Driving Voltage In Self-Oscillating Converters, Güngör Bal, Seli̇m Öncü Jan 2014

Effects Of A Current Transformer's Magnetizing Current On The Driving Voltage In Self-Oscillating Converters, Güngör Bal, Seli̇m Öncü

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Magnetizing inductance is one of the parameters that affect the phase and amplitude error of the output current of current transformers (CTs). In this study, the linear circuit model of a CT is developed to be used for driving purposes in power electronics applications. A simulation of the CT and its linear model is achieved. In the model circuit, the effect of the magnetizing inductance on the driving voltage can be examined. The equivalent circuit simulation results and the linear model simulation results along with the calculated results show agreement with each other. These results are compared with experimental results.

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Design And Implementation Of An Observer Controller For A Buck Converter, Shenbaga Lakshmi, Sree Renga Raja Jan 2014

Design And Implementation Of An Observer Controller For A Buck Converter, Shenbaga Lakshmi, Sree Renga Raja

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

An observer controller for a buck converter is presented. A state feedback gain matrix is derived in order to achieve the stability of the converter and to ensure the robustness of the controller. A load estimator is designed to estimate the unmeasurable variables and to obtain the zero output voltage error. A pulse-width modulation scheme is adopted to obtain the output voltage regulation. In order to improve the transitory response and dynamic constancy of the converter, the controller parameters are designed based on the current mode control. The design is evaluated and verified using MATLAB/Simulink. An experimental set-up is done …

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Impact Of Small-World Topology On The Performance Of A Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Network Based On 2 Different Real-Life Problems, Okan Erkaymaz, Mahmut Özer, Nejat Yumuşak Jan 2014

Impact Of Small-World Topology On The Performance Of A Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Network Based On 2 Different Real-Life Problems, Okan Erkaymaz, Mahmut Özer, Nejat Yumuşak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Since feed-forward artificial neural networks (FFANNs) are the most widely used models to solve real-life problems, many studies have focused on improving their learning performances by changing the network architecture and learning algorithms. On the other hand, recently, small-world network topology has been shown to meet the characteristics of real-life problems. Therefore, in this study, instead of focusing on the performance of the conventional FFANNs, we investigated how real-life problems can be solved by a FFANN with small-world topology. Therefore, we considered 2 real-life problems: estimating the thermal performance of solar air collectors and predicting the modulus of rupture values …

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Bermudagrass Growth In Soil Contaminated With Hydraulic Fracturing Drilling Fluid, Douglas Wolf, Kristofor R. Brye Jan 2014

Bermudagrass Growth In Soil Contaminated With Hydraulic Fracturing Drilling Fluid, Douglas Wolf, Kristofor R. Brye

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Hydraulic fracturing is the process of injecting aqueous solutions at high pressure to break apart rock formations and increase the extraction of natural gas. The solutions are recovered and have been land-applied as one disposal technique. Excessive fluid application can result in increased soil salinity that can inhibit plant growth. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the effects of inorganic fertilizer, broiler litter, and Milorganite® and soil depth interval (0-15 cm or 0-30 cm) on the growth of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] in soil that was collected from a site that had been contaminated with fracturing …

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Dilute-Acid-Extractable Phosphorus, Arsenic, And Selenium In Weathered And Fresh Coal Fly Ash, Chris Wilbanks, Kristofor Brye, David Miller Jan 2014

Dilute-Acid-Extractable Phosphorus, Arsenic, And Selenium In Weathered And Fresh Coal Fly Ash, Chris Wilbanks, Kristofor Brye, David Miller

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Fly ash is a byproduct of the combustion of coal, primarily by coal-fired power plants. Over 97.8 million tonnes of fly ash are produced each year in the United States. Fly ash can contain trace elements in concentrations that can cause health risks. Recent spills have highlighted that fly ash disposal is problematic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fly-ash type (fresh and weathered) from a local coal-burning power plant and extraction time (2 and 6 h) on dilute-acid extractable concentrations of phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se). Ash samples were extracted with 0.1 …

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