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Articles 21241 - 21270 of 27418

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Water Pollution Source Identification, Daniel Blake, Dr. Brett Borup Apr 2014

Water Pollution Source Identification, Daniel Blake, Dr. Brett Borup

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Determining the degree to which a water source has been contaminated by a pollution source such as a wastewater treatment plant is a difficult problem that has often been considered too difficult or too expensive to solve. Employing fluorescence spectroscopy, a relatively inexpensive measurement, in testing samples obtained from wastewater discharge locations and from locations in the receiving water can help determine the presence of such pollution. Fluorescence spectroscopy generates excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) which can be used as fingerprints of organic pollution in a water source. Additionally, employing statistical methods can improve the ability to fingerprint pollution sources. These statistical …

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High-Voltage Pulse Detection Using Optical Fiber Sensors, Leeland Woodard, Dr. Stephen Schultz Apr 2014

High-Voltage Pulse Detection Using Optical Fiber Sensors, Leeland Woodard, Dr. Stephen Schultz

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a leading cause of the deaths of soldiers in militarized areas. Technology is being developed to disarm IEDs by coupling electrical energy in the blasting caps of the IEDs, but in order to do so effectively, a sensor needs to be capable of measuring the voltage potential between the leads of the blasting caps without altering the electric field between them. Slab-coupled optical fiber sensors (SCOS) are electric field sensing devices that have been developed at BYU and are best suited to solving this problem, as they have the capability to measure extremely large electric …

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Influence Of Intermediate Lamina Propria Composition On Synthetic Vocal Fold Vibration: A Comparison Of The Epi And Stiff Ligament Models, Ryan Jenkins, Dr. Scott Thomson Apr 2014

Influence Of Intermediate Lamina Propria Composition On Synthetic Vocal Fold Vibration: A Comparison Of The Epi And Stiff Ligament Models, Ryan Jenkins, Dr. Scott Thomson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The vocal folds are two multi-layered regions of tissue located in the larynx that vibrate as air flows past from the lungs. This vibration is the basis of voiced speech, one of mankind’s primary means of expression. Due to a complex fluid-structure-acoustic interaction and the inaccessibility of in vivo tissue for observation, synthetic models have been developed and used to study different aspects of the mechanics of speech production. This project compared the performance of two self-oscillating synthetic vocal fold models that differed in their composition of an internal tissue layer called the intermediate layer of the lamina propria. Until …

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An Analytical Model For Heat Transfer Through A Thermoelectric Device Used In Waste Heat Recovery, Zachary Smith, Dr. Matthew Jones Apr 2014

An Analytical Model For Heat Transfer Through A Thermoelectric Device Used In Waste Heat Recovery, Zachary Smith, Dr. Matthew Jones

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A considerable amount of energy that is produced in a typical power generation process is rejected to the environment as low-grade waste heat. This heat is rejected at a temperature that is difficult to efficiently convert into electricity. One promising method of recovering this waste heat is through the use of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) that operate by means of the Seebeck effect. Effort has previously been placed in predicting the power output of TEGs. With knowledge of the temperature differential across a thermoelectric device and the properties of the electrical components the device is connected to, the electrical power output …

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Assessing Water Quality Through Remote Sensing, Carly Hyatt, Dr. Gustavious P. Williams Apr 2014

Assessing Water Quality Through Remote Sensing, Carly Hyatt, Dr. Gustavious P. Williams

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Over the past year, I have gathered 25 Landsat images for calibration and processing and in-field measurements over 25 years to develop seasonal chlorophyll detection models for the north-central Utah region. High chlorophyll levels indicate large algal blooms and large nutrient loading. Knowing these trends can help agencies and management to mitigate nutrient loading and make changes to monitoring.

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Reproducing Laboratory-Scale Rip Currents On A Barred Beach By A Boussinesq Wave Model, Ke-Zhao Fang, Ji-Wei Yin, Zhi-Li Zou, Zhong-Bo Liu, Ping Dong Apr 2014

Reproducing Laboratory-Scale Rip Currents On A Barred Beach By A Boussinesq Wave Model, Ke-Zhao Fang, Ji-Wei Yin, Zhi-Li Zou, Zhong-Bo Liu, Ping Dong

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The pioneering work of Haller [8] on physically investigating bathymetry-controlled rip currents in the laboratory is a standard benchmark test for verifying numerical nearshore circulation models. In this paper, a numerical model based on higher-order Boussinesq equations was developed to reproduce the number of experiments involved in such an investigation, with emphasis on the effect of computational domain size on the numerical results. A set of Boussinesq equations with optimum linear properties and second-order full nonlinearity were solved using a higher-order finite difference scheme. Wave breaking, moving shoreline, bottom friction, and mixing were all treated empirically. The developed model was …

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A Modelling Study Of Seawater Intrusion In The Liao Dong Bay Coastal Plain, China, Fei Ding, Takao Yamashita, Han Soo Lee, Graduate School For International Development And Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan Pan Apr 2014

A Modelling Study Of Seawater Intrusion In The Liao Dong Bay Coastal Plain, China, Fei Ding, Takao Yamashita, Han Soo Lee, Graduate School For International Development And Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan Pan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

To investigate the extent of seawater intrusion in the Liao Dong Bay coastal plain, China, a numerical model for variable-density groundwater flow and miscible salt transport was developed. The SEAWAT code was used to solve the density-dependent groundwater flow and solute transport governing equations. The simulation was conducted for 55 months from October, 2004 to April, 2009. The numerical model was calibrated by the hydraulic heads measured in April, 2009. Using the calibrated model and the same hydrogeological conditions in 2004, the extent of seawater intrusion prediction was conducted for the next 40 years. The results show that the extent …

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Risk Assessment In Ship Hull Structure Production Using Fmea, Murat Ozkok Apr 2014

Risk Assessment In Ship Hull Structure Production Using Fmea, Murat Ozkok

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In the competitive environment, shipyards attempt to reduce failures in their production system in order to maintain their competitive power. Failures cause some damages such as injuries and deaths to the shipyard. Most of the damage causes work loss in the shipyard. To mitigate this damage, the most risky activities and work stations must be identified. For this, the risk levels of the failures must be calculated by applying the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Method. In this study, the hull structure production process of a shipyard was considered. After collecting the failure statistical data of a shipyard, the failures …

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Experimental Study Of Characteristics Of Motions Of A Large Mooring Ship In Long-Period Waves, Xian-Ying Shi, Ning-Chuan Zhang, Chang-Ping Chen, Heng-Zhi Jiang, Lei Cui Apr 2014

Experimental Study Of Characteristics Of Motions Of A Large Mooring Ship In Long-Period Waves, Xian-Ying Shi, Ning-Chuan Zhang, Chang-Ping Chen, Heng-Zhi Jiang, Lei Cui

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

By using the method of physical model tests, the characteristics of mooring ship’s motion responses in transverse long-period waves have been studied under different conditions, including such elements as loading conditions, wave heights, and specific patterns of mooring, etc. The results indicate that: the mooring ship’s movements of surge, sway and yaw had their own natural periods; the movement of sway was a period motion. The ratio of the natural period of sway and the natural rolling period of the mooring ship was within 1.11~1.23. The peak value of sway grew along with the increase of the wave period; the …

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Surface Modification Of Ato Photocatalyst On Its Bactericidal Effect Against Escherichia Coli, Hshiang-Ho Chiang, Shing-Hoa Wang, Hsin-Yiu Chou, Chih-Ching Huang, Tsung-Lun Tsai, Yi-Che Yang, Jyh-Wei Lee, Tai-Yuan Lin, Yeun-Jung Wu, Chien-Chon Chen Apr 2014

Surface Modification Of Ato Photocatalyst On Its Bactericidal Effect Against Escherichia Coli, Hshiang-Ho Chiang, Shing-Hoa Wang, Hsin-Yiu Chou, Chih-Ching Huang, Tsung-Lun Tsai, Yi-Che Yang, Jyh-Wei Lee, Tai-Yuan Lin, Yeun-Jung Wu, Chien-Chon Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The increases in catalytic photolysis efficiency of the surface modified ATO (anodic titanium oxide) by Ag or/and Au nanoparticles were attributed to the greater light absorbance than that of the sole ATO. In addition to the enhanced inherent ATO absorbance at 365 nm inasmuch as the surface-plasmon enhancement of the band emission, additional light absorbance peak occurred at the wavelength around 430 nm, 530 nm and 500 nm for nano Ag modified TiO2, nano Au modified TiO2, and composite nano Ag/Au modified TiO2, respectively. All surface modified ATO catalysts exhibited stronger bactericidal effect under UV exposure than under visible light …

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The Numerical Study Of The Dynamic Behavior Of An Underwater Vehicle, Tsung-Lung Liu, Kuan-Cheng Pan Apr 2014

The Numerical Study Of The Dynamic Behavior Of An Underwater Vehicle, Tsung-Lung Liu, Kuan-Cheng Pan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

How to employ numerical methods to predict the dynamic behavior of underwater vehicles will become important in the near future. Over the past decade, the results obtained from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods had been proven similar to that of experimental approach with the same test conditions. In order to reduce the computational time of such flow simulation, the concept of relative motion with body-fixed and fluid-moving scheme is usually employed as a conventional procedure to figure out the flow physics around moving bodies. However, the dynamic influence of fluid on a moving vehicle is self-evident and the relative …

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Truncated Model Tests For Mooring Lines Of A Semi-Submersible Platform And Its Equivalent Compensated Method, Dong-Sheng Qiao, Jin-Ping Ou Apr 2014

Truncated Model Tests For Mooring Lines Of A Semi-Submersible Platform And Its Equivalent Compensated Method, Dong-Sheng Qiao, Jin-Ping Ou

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study conducted a model test of 1:100 model scale of a semi-submersible platform with a 1500 m full-depth mooring system in the Joint Laboratory of Wind Tunnel & Wave Flume at Harbin Institute of Technology. A truncated mooring system of 400 m water depth was designed based on the static equivalent principle. The semi-submersible platform was tested under regular wave excitation periods that ranged from 10 s to 45 s and one year of irregular wave conditions in the South China Sea. The results validated the feasibility of using numerical simulation in the motions calculation of semisubmersible platform and …

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Liquefaction Potential Of Non-Plastic Silty Sand, Chun-Chi Chen, Wei F Lee, Jing-Wen Chen, Kenji Ishihara Apr 2014

Liquefaction Potential Of Non-Plastic Silty Sand, Chun-Chi Chen, Wei F Lee, Jing-Wen Chen, Kenji Ishihara

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper is to introduce research progress on liquefaction potential of undisturbed high fines content non-plastic silty sand. A new sampling technique that was applied to the field allowing sensitive and high fines content silty sand material to be retrieved in sounding condition is described. Laboratory tests on the liquefaction resistance of non-plastic silty sand that emphasized on the influence of fines content percentages were conducted. It concludes that soil liquefaction would occur in non-plastic silty sand deposits even with high nonplastic fines contents. Both fines contents and void ratios have deterministic influences to the cyclic resistance of such silty …

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Exponential Stability Analysis For Neural Networks With Time-Varying Delay And Linear Fractional Perturbations, Chang-Hua Lien, Ker-Wei Yu Apr 2014

Exponential Stability Analysis For Neural Networks With Time-Varying Delay And Linear Fractional Perturbations, Chang-Hua Lien, Ker-Wei Yu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In this paper, the global exponential stability and global asymptotic stability for a class of uncertain delayed neural networks (UDNNs) with time-varying delay and linear fractional perturbations are considered. Delay-dependent and delay-independent criteria are proposed to guarantee the robust stability of UDNNs via linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Additional nonnegative inequality approach is used to improve the conservativeness of the stability criteria. Some numerical examples are illustrated to show the effectiveness of our results. From the simulation results, significant improvement over the recent results can be observed.

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Combined Effects Of Magnetic Field And Surface Roughness On Long Journal Bearing Lubricated With Ferrofluid, Tze-Chi Hsu, Jing-Hong Chen, Hsin-Lu Chiang, Tsu-Liang Chou Apr 2014

Combined Effects Of Magnetic Field And Surface Roughness On Long Journal Bearing Lubricated With Ferrofluid, Tze-Chi Hsu, Jing-Hong Chen, Hsin-Lu Chiang, Tsu-Liang Chou

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study investigated the influence of ferrofluids on the lubrication performance of long journal bearings under the combined effects of stochastic surface roughness and a magnetic field generated by an infinitely long wire. According to our results, placing an infinitely long wire magnetic field at an appropriate distance from the center of the bearing can suppress side leakage in long journal bearings, thereby extending the life of the bearings. Under a higher power-law index and induced magnetic force, the introduction of transverse roughness can enhance film pressure and load capacity, while reducing the attitude angle and modified friction coefficient. The …

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Hydrodynamic Study Of A Fixed Pontoon Structure Under Wave Loads With Different Reynolds Numbers, Parviz Ghadimi, Farzam Safarzadeh Maleki, Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab Apr 2014

Hydrodynamic Study Of A Fixed Pontoon Structure Under Wave Loads With Different Reynolds Numbers, Parviz Ghadimi, Farzam Safarzadeh Maleki, Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

As a breakwater, a suspended fixed pontoon is expected to receive energy of the wave and to reduce the wave height at downstream as much as possible. However, in other applications like floating bridges, the structure is expected to allow the wave to pass with the lowest possible energy absorption. In the present study, a numerical investigation has been conducted to identify the effective types of floating pontoon with different rectangular and circular cross sections under regular waves at different Reynolds numbers. Volume of fluid scheme and finite volume methods have been applied for tracking the free surface and discretization …

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Evaluating Current Fire Test Methods For Determining Flammability Performance Of Ceiling Materials, Wei-Ting Chung, Ming-Yuan Lei, Kuang-Chung Tsai Apr 2014

Evaluating Current Fire Test Methods For Determining Flammability Performance Of Ceiling Materials, Wei-Ting Chung, Ming-Yuan Lei, Kuang-Chung Tsai

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Many fire tests have been developed to evaluate the flammability performance of lining materials. According to the test methods, specimens are traditionally mounted vertically as a wall or horizontally as a floor. The only exception is the ISO 9705 room corner test in which ceiling material is installed beneath a ceiling. This study was accordingly designed to discuss the test results of ceiling materials in the ISO 9705 room corner test with the testing capacity of the traditional tests to evaluate the feasibility of the traditional tests to rank materials mounted beneath a ceiling. Materials used were gypsum board and …

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Effects Of Sweep Angles And Angles Of Attack On Junction-Flow Patterns, Kuo-Ching San, Ying-Zong Lin, Shun-Chang Yen Apr 2014

Effects Of Sweep Angles And Angles Of Attack On Junction-Flow Patterns, Kuo-Ching San, Ying-Zong Lin, Shun-Chang Yen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study utilized the NACA 0012 finite wings to investigate the effects of wing sweep angle (Λ) and angle of attack (α) on the junction vortex at Re = 8 × 104 . The junction-vortex structures are visualized using the surface oil-flow visualization. The junction vortex is classified as — separation, attached, bubble, and bluff-body wake modes. The separation mode occurs at Λ < 12° and α < 5°. The attached mode occurs at low α for a swept-back wing (Λ > 0°) and the bluff-body wake mode occurs at high α for a forward-swept wing (Λ < 0°). Furthermore, the bubble mode occurs at high sweep angle (i.e., high backward sweep angle) and high angle of attack. Moreover, the properties of velocity vectors, normal stress and shear stress are also detected and analyzed using an X-type hot-wire anemometer.

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Optimal Design On One-Layer Close-Fitting Acoustical Hoods Using A Simulated Annealing Method, Min-Chie Chiu Apr 2014

Optimal Design On One-Layer Close-Fitting Acoustical Hoods Using A Simulated Annealing Method, Min-Chie Chiu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

High noise levels in a multi-noise plant can be harmful to workers and will not only lead to psychological but also to physiological ailments. Consequently, noise control of industrial equipment becomes vital for workers. The study focuses on shape optimization of space-constrained close-fitting acoustic hoods. In this paper, a sound insertion loss used for evaluating the acoustic performance of an acoustical hood will be adopted. Numerical assessments of case studies for depressing the broadband noise emitted from motor-driven equipment by optimally designing a shaped one-layer close-fitting acoustic hood within a space constrained situation will be introduced. Additionally, simulated annealing (SA), …

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Shape Optimization Of Multi-Chamber Plenums With Multi-Layer Sound Absorers Using An Artificial Immune Method, Min-Chie Chiu Apr 2014

Shape Optimization Of Multi-Chamber Plenums With Multi-Layer Sound Absorers Using An Artificial Immune Method, Min-Chie Chiu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Because of the space constraints problem in practical engineering work, there is a growing need to optimize the acoustical performance of a sound-proofing device within a fixed space. The optimal mechanism used in adjusting either the plenum’s chamber or an internal sound absorber has been ignored. In order to maximize the acoustical performance of a plenum, a case study of depressing a diesel engine noise by using three kinds of optimally shaped multi-chamber acoustical plenums lined with three kinds of multi-layer sound absorbers is introduced. On the basis of constrained weight and space in the plenum, a low cost optimal …

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Dynamics And Cutting Stability Of Dynamically Loaded Worktable Subjected To Elastic Supports, Kuo-Chiang Cha, Nenzi Wang, Jen-Yi Liao Apr 2014

Dynamics And Cutting Stability Of Dynamically Loaded Worktable Subjected To Elastic Supports, Kuo-Chiang Cha, Nenzi Wang, Jen-Yi Liao

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper investigated the dynamic characteristics and the cutting stability of a dynamically loaded worktable on elastic supports in a surface grinder. The operation of worktables is usually dynamically loaded in various positions, which results in a complex system of governing equations. In this study, the assumptions of elastic and rigid body modes of a free-free beam were specified in analyzing the worktable. By combining the Lagrange energy method with the technique of assumed mode expansion, the system of equations was developed. The absolute value of the maximum negative real part of the overall dynamic compliance (MNRPODC) and the limiting …

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Model Predictive Control With A Rigorous Model Of A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Lee T. Jacobsen, Dr. John D. Hedengren Apr 2014

Model Predictive Control With A Rigorous Model Of A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Lee T. Jacobsen, Dr. John D. Hedengren

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Degradation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) can be minimized by maintaining reliability parameters during load changes. These reliability parameters are critical to maintain power generation efficiency over an extended life of the SOFC. For SOFCs to be commercially viable, the life must exceed 20,000 hours for load following applications. This is not yet achieved because transient stresses damage the fuel cell and degrade the performance over time. This study relates the development of a dynamic model for SOFC systems in order to predict optimal manipulated variable moves along a prediction horizon. The model consists of hundreds of states and …

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Avida Checkpoint/Restart Implementation, Nilab Mohammad Mousa Apr 2014

Avida Checkpoint/Restart Implementation, Nilab Mohammad Mousa

McNair Scholars Research Journal

As high performance computing centers (HPCC) continue to grow in popularity, issues of resource management and reliability are becoming limiting factors in scheduling long-running jobs. One of the factors is time. Efficacy of Avida, the platform of research for digital evolution, is limited by the allocated time available on HPCC. Saving the state of the software at a point and restarting the execution from the paused state will allow for better resource utilization, as well as help reduce restrictions that constrain the potential of the software. This research examines whether or not Berkeley Lab Checkpoint/Restart (BLCR) can be integrated with …

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Section Abstracts: Astronomy, Mathematics, And Physics With Materials Science Apr 2014

Section Abstracts: Astronomy, Mathematics, And Physics With Materials Science

Virginia Journal of Science

Abstracts of the Astronomy, Mathematics, and Physics with Materials Science Section for the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, May 13-15, 2014, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

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Section Abstracts: Biomedical And General Engineering Apr 2014

Section Abstracts: Biomedical And General Engineering

Virginia Journal of Science

Abstracts of the Biomedical and General Engineering Section for the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, May 13-15, 2014, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

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Dynamic Characteristic Identification Of Seismic-Excited Multi-Story Buildings Through Response-Only Technique, Agung Budipriyanto, Priyo Suprobo Apr 2014

Dynamic Characteristic Identification Of Seismic-Excited Multi-Story Buildings Through Response-Only Technique, Agung Budipriyanto, Priyo Suprobo

Makara Journal of Technology

Identifying dynamic characteristics of civil engineering structures is still a challenging task. It intends to assess behavior of the structures under time-dependent loads. This paper discusses a methodology suitable for identifying the characteristics of multi-story buildings using only their measured response under earthquake ground excitations. Appropriateness of technique used for structural identification was corroborated through coherence of the structure’s responses. The methodology was applied for identifying the characteristics of 14-story and 20-story office buildings located in a high seismic region. Responses of these two buildings recorded during three different seismic ground motions were investigated. The buildings’ response spectral densities and …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Soy-Based Polyurethane Foam With Utilization Of Ethylene Glycol In Polyol, Flora Elvistia Firdaus Apr 2014

Synthesis And Characterization Of Soy-Based Polyurethane Foam With Utilization Of Ethylene Glycol In Polyol, Flora Elvistia Firdaus

Makara Journal of Technology

The use of vegetable oils on replacing petroleum has attracted attention of many researchers. The chemical structure of vegetable oils are different from petrochemicals, so the structure of soybean oil has to be chemically modified through its unsaturated fatty acid chain in triglyceride. A two step process was conducted for the preparation of soy-polyol in designated temperatures; 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C. Ethylene glycol (EG) as co-reagent was taking part in soy-polyol synthesis, and the soy-polyol was used as a sole polyol for polyurethane synthesis. Referred to the previous study, the existence of EG in polyurethane synthesis can …

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Performances Of Free-Space Optical Communication System Over Strong Turbulence, Ucuk Darusalam, Purnomo Sidi Priambodo, Harry Sudibyo, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo Apr 2014

Performances Of Free-Space Optical Communication System Over Strong Turbulence, Ucuk Darusalam, Purnomo Sidi Priambodo, Harry Sudibyo, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo

Makara Journal of Technology

We report an experimental of free-space optical communication (FSOC) system that use tube propagation simulator (TPS) as the turbulence medium. The FSOC system use wavelength of 1550 nm at the rate transmission of 1000 Mbps and amplified with EDFA at the output of +23 dBm. Index structure of 10-15–10-13 as the representation of atmosphere index turbulences are used for simulation of intensity distribution model or scintillation. The simulation use gammagamma and K model as well. The beam wave propagation models used in simulation are plane wave, spherical wave and Gaussian wave. Spherical wave achieves highest performance via gamma-gamma in strong …

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Preparations Of Nanostructured Silicide Bundles And Oxide Arrays, Hirokazu Tatsuoka, Wen Li, Erchao Meng, Daisuke Ishikwa, Kaito Nakane, Shingo Oda, Tomoji Matsushita, Natsuki Kurebayashi Apr 2014

Preparations Of Nanostructured Silicide Bundles And Oxide Arrays, Hirokazu Tatsuoka, Wen Li, Erchao Meng, Daisuke Ishikwa, Kaito Nakane, Shingo Oda, Tomoji Matsushita, Natsuki Kurebayashi

Makara Journal of Technology

A variety of nanostructured silicide bundles and oxide nanowire arrays with abundant, non-toxic materials we are prepared. The CrSi2 nanowire and Mg2Si/MgO composite nanowire bundles were synthesized using a Si substrate and a SiOx nanofiber bundle, respectively. The hexagonal MoSi2 nanosheet bundles were also synthesized using a MoS2 layered material as a template. In addition, ZnO, CuO/Cu2O and a-Fe2O3 nanowire arrays were prepared on semiconductor or metallic substrates. The growth phenomena and the structural properties of the nanostructured materials awere investigated. In addition, the preparations of axial and radial nanowire structures weare examined.

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Bioethanol Production From Iles-Iles And Sorghum Starch As Raw Materials (Effect Of Cacl 2 Addition And Saccharification Time), Kusmiyati Kusmiyati, Ali Mahmudi Apr 2014

Bioethanol Production From Iles-Iles And Sorghum Starch As Raw Materials (Effect Of Cacl 2 Addition And Saccharification Time), Kusmiyati Kusmiyati, Ali Mahmudi

Makara Journal of Technology

Bioethanol produced from agricultural sources is one alternative energy that has been developed to substitute for petroleum. However, the use of food sources such as corn and cassava to produce bioethanol still face obstacles that lead to the scarcity of food and an increase in food prices. The aim of this study was to produce bioethanol from sorghum and iles-iles, which are not used by humans as food, especially in Indonesia. For both materials, the variables studied were saccharification time (4, 8, 24, and 48 h) and concentration of CaCl2 added to the liquefaction slurry (0, 100, 200, 300, and …

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