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Articles 21151 - 21180 of 27418

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Electron Emission Characteristics Of Multi-Gated Field Emitters, Hidenori Mimura, Yoichiro Neo, Toru Aoki, Tomoya Yoshida, Masayoshi Nagao Aug 2014

Electron Emission Characteristics Of Multi-Gated Field Emitters, Hidenori Mimura, Yoichiro Neo, Toru Aoki, Tomoya Yoshida, Masayoshi Nagao

Makara Journal of Technology

We have developed a multi-gated field emitter (FE) such as a quadruple-gated FE with a three-stacked electrode lens and a quintuple-gated FE with a four-stacked electrode lens. Both the FEs can focus the electron beam. However, the quintuple-gated FE has a stronger electron convergence than the quadruple-gated FE, and a beam crossover is clearly observed for the quintuple-gated FE.

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Properties Of Lignin From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch And Its Application For Plywood Adhesive, Lucky Risanto, Euis Hermiati, Yanni Sudiyani Aug 2014

Properties Of Lignin From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch And Its Application For Plywood Adhesive, Lucky Risanto, Euis Hermiati, Yanni Sudiyani

Makara Journal of Technology

Lignin from lignocellulosic biomass is a potential biopolymer for wood adhesive. The aims of this study were to characterize lignin isolated from the black liquor of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber pretreated with steam explosion in alkaline conditions and to examine the bond quality of aqueous polymer isocyanate (API) adhesive prepared from lignin, natural rubber latex (NRL), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as base polymers with isocyanate crosslinkers. Lignin was precipitated from the black liquor by adding hydrochloric acid; then the precipitate was separated by filtration, thoroughly washed with water up to pH 2 and pH 5, and dried. The …

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The Gaussian Orthogonal Laplacianfaces Modelling In Feature Space For Facial Image Recognition, Arif Muntasa Aug 2014

The Gaussian Orthogonal Laplacianfaces Modelling In Feature Space For Facial Image Recognition, Arif Muntasa

Makara Journal of Technology

Dimensionality reduction based on appearance has been interesting issue on the face image research fields. Eigenface and Fisherface are linear techniques based on full spectral features, for both Eigenface and Fisherface produce global manifold structure. Inability of them in yielding local manifold structure have been solved by Laplacianfaces and further improved by Orthogonal Laplacianfaces, so it can yield orthogonal feature vectors. However, they have also a weakness, when training set samples have non-linear distribution. To overcome this weakness, feature extraction through data mapping from input to feature space using Gaussian kernel function is proposed. To avoid singularity, the Eigenface decomposition …

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Series-Interconnected Plastic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Prepared By Low- Temperature Binder-Free Titania Paste, Erlyta Septa Rosa, Lia Muliani, Shobih Shobih, Jojo Hidayat, Brian Yuliarto Aug 2014

Series-Interconnected Plastic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Prepared By Low- Temperature Binder-Free Titania Paste, Erlyta Septa Rosa, Lia Muliani, Shobih Shobih, Jojo Hidayat, Brian Yuliarto

Makara Journal of Technology

The aim of this research is to study dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). This was implemented on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate using a mixture of transparent and scattered mesoporous anatase-titania as the electron transport layer for the photoelectrode. This mixture of anatase titania performed a dual function of light scattering and efficient dye absorption. In this study, a porous nano-TiO2 film was prepared on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by using a binder-free titania paste; on it, a DSSC was fabricated. The paste which contained a mixture of TiO2 nanoparticles, acid chloride, and ethanol was printed …

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56th Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance Jul 2014

56th Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 56th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Copper Mountain, Colorado, July 13-17, 2014.

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Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences First Place: An Improved In Vitro Model For The Study Of Endothelial Cells Using Micropatterned Surfaces, Lindsay Gray Jul 2014

Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences First Place: An Improved In Vitro Model For The Study Of Endothelial Cells Using Micropatterned Surfaces, Lindsay Gray

Kaleidoscope

Sickle cell anemia, malaria, and cancer are a few of the deadly diseases that utilize blood vessels as a means of migration throughout the body. Adhesion of harmful cells to the endothelial lining of the circulatory system is an integral step in the metastasis of blood borne diseases. As a result of shear stress produced by blood flow through veins and arteries, the endothelium undergoes a distinct morphological change resulting in a more elongated and unidirectional morphology. It has recently been suggested that such changes in cell morphology can affect surface expression profiles, which in turn affects cell-cell binding and …

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Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences Second Place: Multiple Macromer Hydrogels For Multiphase Drug Release, David Spencer Jul 2014

Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences Second Place: Multiple Macromer Hydrogels For Multiphase Drug Release, David Spencer

Kaleidoscope

Biodegradable hydrogels are of interest for drug delivery applications due to their resemblance to biological tissue and their ability to absorb large amounts of biological fluids. Here, hydrogels were synthesized from multiple macromers to demonstrate step-wise degradation and multiphase drug release profiles. Control over the degradation and release profiles of multiple macromer hydrogels has potential applications in implantable, extended release drug delivery devices in which removal would not be needed after administration. Herein, macromers were synthesized from diethylene glycol diacrylate (A), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (n=400) (H), and isobutylamine (6) in 1.2:1 molar ratios of total diacrylate to amine with diacrylate …

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Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences Honorable Mention: Summer 2012 Lip6 Write Up, Josiah Hanna Jul 2014

Oswald Physical And Engineering Sciences Honorable Mention: Summer 2012 Lip6 Write Up, Josiah Hanna

Kaleidoscope

Planning under uncertainty is a central problem in developing intelligent autonomous systems. The traditional representation for these problems is a Markov Decision Process (MDP). The MDP model can be extended to a Multi-criteria MDP (MMDP) for planning under uncertainty while trying to optimize multiple criteria. However, due to the trade-offs involved in multi criteria problems there may be infinitely many optimal solutions. The focus of this project has been to find a method that efficiently computes a subset of solutions that represents the entire set of optimal solutions for bi-objective MDPs.

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Amorphous Silica Nanoparitcles From Aqueous Silicates Uisng Cationic Surfactants, M Abou Rida, F Harb Jul 2014

Synthesis And Characterization Of Amorphous Silica Nanoparitcles From Aqueous Silicates Uisng Cationic Surfactants, M Abou Rida, F Harb

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this work amorphous silica was synthesized using sodium silicate and hydrochloric acid by precipitation according to St?ber method. A system of chemical reactions has been developed which permits the controlled growth of silica particles using two different cationic surfactants as the dispersing agents. These surfactants were cetyltrimethylammonium bromide [CTAB] and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide [DTAB]. The synthesized silicas were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Addition of a dispersing agent in the reaction reduced the particle size of the silica produced. The average size of …

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Property Enhancement Of Polybenzoxazine Modified With Maleic Anhydride, W Punuch, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit Jul 2014

Property Enhancement Of Polybenzoxazine Modified With Maleic Anhydride, W Punuch, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

One seemingly shortcoming of polybenzoxazine is its relatively high rigidity. Therefore, various efforts have been attempted to toughen polybenzoxazine such as by alloying with more flexible monomers or polymers e.g. urethane elastomers or flexible epoxy. The alloying of polybenzoxazine with those resins or polymers has been reported to show synergy in some properties thus economically provide a novel class of resin systems with superior performance. In this work, polybenzoxazine alloys were prepared from bisphenol-A-aniline based benzoxazine resin (BA-a) and maleic anhydride (MA) in N, N-Dimethyformamide (DMF) solvent. The miscible monomer mixture was easily transformed into transparent polymer alloys by thermal …

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Effects Of The Tempering On Mechanical Properties Of Dual Phase Steels, T Sirinakorn, V Uthaisangsuk, S Srimanosaowapak Jul 2014

Effects Of The Tempering On Mechanical Properties Of Dual Phase Steels, T Sirinakorn, V Uthaisangsuk, S Srimanosaowapak

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Dual Phase (DP) steels have been gradually used in the automotive industries because of their distinguished strength and ductility properties. Principally, microstructure of the DP steels contains defined amount of hard martensite islands dispersed in soft ferrite matrix. This microstructure characteristic and corresponding mechanical properties of the DP steels can be adjusted by heat treatment. In this work, effects of tempering temperature and time on tensile properties of DP steels were investigated. Continuous yielding behavior of tempered DP steels was observed up to around a temperature of 300C. At higher tempering temperature, DP steels showed distinct increased yield point. Furthermore, …

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Corrosion Study On Low Alloy High Phosphorus Steel, B K. Jena, N Gupta, B Singh, G Sahoo Jul 2014

Corrosion Study On Low Alloy High Phosphorus Steel, B K. Jena, N Gupta, B Singh, G Sahoo

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The effect of P on corrosion behaviour of low alloy steels exposed for one month cyclic wet/dry salt spray was investigated and compared with low carbon steel. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results revealed that the rust resistance (Rrust) increased with the number of salt spray test cycles. The higher phosphorus content steel (G12) exhibited higher rust resistance (Rrust) than that of low phosphorus content steels (SCR & G11), while similar corrosion rate was noticed from the Tafel extrapolation study in 3.5% NaCl solution for all the test samples. All steels revealed ferrite pearlite microstructure. The larger ferrite grain of G12 …

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Shape Fixity And Shape Recovery Characteristics Of Aliphatic Epoxy-Benzoxazine Shape Memory Polymer, T Tanpitaksit, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit Jul 2014

Shape Fixity And Shape Recovery Characteristics Of Aliphatic Epoxy-Benzoxazine Shape Memory Polymer, T Tanpitaksit, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are polymers that can fix the temporary shape and recover to the permanent shape by external stimuli. Epoxy resins are an important family of SMPs due to their excellent stability, thermomechanical endurance and the high values of shape fixity. However, epoxide ring opening polymerization required a curing agent which possesses some disadvantages such as high cost, toxic problem to the user and corrosion to the processing apparatus. In this research, novel series of SMPs were prepared from aliphatic epoxy as soft segment and benzoxazine resin (BA-a) as hard segment. Additionally, benzoxazine resin can also function as …

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Agronomic Benefits Of Durian Shell Biochar, N Prakongkep, R J. Gilkes, W Wiriyakitnateekul Jul 2014

Agronomic Benefits Of Durian Shell Biochar, N Prakongkep, R J. Gilkes, W Wiriyakitnateekul

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigated the chemical properties of durian shell biochar which is used as a soil amendment. It can act as a carbon sink and as a means to improve crop yield. Plant nutrient elements in this biochar are in crystalline minerals located within the complex pore structure therefore biochar production from wastes could be a very good way to reduce demand for fertilizers. XRD and SEM-EDS results demonstrate that the numerous minerals in biochar are highly soluble, such as archerite (KH2PO4), chlorocalcite (KCaCl3), kalicinite (KHCO3), and sylvite (KCl) with small amounts …

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Development Of Electronic Packages From Polypropylene/Ethylene Propylene Rubber Blends: A Double Percolation Approach, S Phromdee, P Lorjai, S Tiptipakorn, S Rimdusit Jul 2014

Development Of Electronic Packages From Polypropylene/Ethylene Propylene Rubber Blends: A Double Percolation Approach, S Phromdee, P Lorjai, S Tiptipakorn, S Rimdusit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Volume resistivity of less than 104 W.cm is required for typical electrically conductive packages. Conductive polypropylene (PP) packages with the above level of conductivity value can be achieved by a use of carbon black (CB) as conductive filler. To maintain processability of PP with low cost, minimal amount of carbon black is preferable in the conductive composites. By introducing a second polymer with immiscible or partially miscible nature to the first polymer, and if the conductive filler is localized in one polymer phase, a system of double percolation with minimal filler content can be achieved. In this work, electrically conductive …

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Bs News July/August Jul 2014

Bs News July/August

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Preparation And Characterizations Of Highly Filled Graphene-Polybenzoxazine Composites, R Plengudomkit, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit Jul 2014

Preparation And Characterizations Of Highly Filled Graphene-Polybenzoxazine Composites, R Plengudomkit, M Okhawilai, S Rimdusit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In recent years, graphene has been extensively utilized in electronic applications due to its superior electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties [1, 2]. This research emphasized on the development of graphene (xGnP Grade H, XG Science, USA) filled composites based on polybenzoxazine particularly at high graphene loading (0-60wt%) [3, 4]. It was found that the density of the obtained composites was linearly increased with graphene content and the values were determined to be 1.185-1.637 g/cm3 which followed the rule of mixture suggesting negligible void in the composites samples. Mechanical and thermal properties of the graphene filled polybenzoxazine …

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Grounded Ontology – A Proposed Methodology For Emergent Ontology Engineering, Syed Irfan Nabi, Zaheeruddin Asif Jul 2014

Grounded Ontology – A Proposed Methodology For Emergent Ontology Engineering, Syed Irfan Nabi, Zaheeruddin Asif

Business Review

This research posits that a domain ontology developed using text-coding technique contributes in conceptualizing and representing state-of-the-art as given by published research in a particular domain. The motivation behind this research is to provide means for creating a better understanding among the researchers through ontology that would present a clearer picture of any domain of interest. However, a general observation on ontology engineering methods is the domination of personal perspective of ontology developer and/or expert in the resultant ontology. Current ontology engineering methods bestow a primary role to ontology developer. Ontology thus developed is heavily biased towards the domain expert’s …

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Application Of Remotely Sensed Rainfall Data In Rainfall-Runoff Modelling. A Case Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Joel Nobert Jun 2014

Application Of Remotely Sensed Rainfall Data In Rainfall-Runoff Modelling. A Case Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Joel Nobert

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Rainfall runoff modelling in a river basin is vital for number of hydrologic application including water resources assessment. However, rainfall data from sparse gauging stations are usually inadequate for modelling which is a major concern in Tanzania. This study presents the results of comparison of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite rainfall products at daily and monthly time-steps with ground stations rainfall data; and explores the possibility of using satellite rainfall data for rainfall runoff modelling in Pangani River Basin, Tanzania. Statistical analysis was carried out to find the correlation between the ground stations data and TRMM estimates. It was …

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Lemongrass And Cinnamon Essential Oils As Vitamin C Preservatives And Flavour Enhancers In Jam, Denice Byarushengo Jun 2014

Lemongrass And Cinnamon Essential Oils As Vitamin C Preservatives And Flavour Enhancers In Jam, Denice Byarushengo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Lemongrass and cinnamon essential oils (LEO and CEO) are natural oils with high anti oxidation capacity, pleasant flavour, and various health benefits. Their ability to preserve vitamin C and flavour in jam have not been tested. In this study the performance of two essential oils (EOs) in preserving vitamin C and improving jam flavour were investigated. The EOs were produced by hydro-steam distillation of fresh lemongrasses and cinnamon leaves using a Clevenger apparatus. Jam samples were dosed with various concentrations of either single or mixed EOs and then stored at either room or refrigeration temperature. Samples were analysed for changes …

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Accuracy Of Dem-Based Topographic Data In Flood Inundation Modelling: A Case Of Wami River, Tanzania, Preksedis Ndomba Jun 2014

Accuracy Of Dem-Based Topographic Data In Flood Inundation Modelling: A Case Of Wami River, Tanzania, Preksedis Ndomba

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Ihe objective of this Biper is to evaluate and further convnent on the accuracy of the DEW- based topographic data us input in flood mchdelling. Recent studies have indicated that hydraulic of the modified sections based on high resolution are geometrically and hydraulically similar to the measured ones, In the study hydraulic modelling intended to guide a developnent project whereby a protection embankment is contemplated. Therefore, accuracy in terns of positioning/alignment of natural features such as river banks and heights/elevarions was imperative m arrain. In order m achieve these, accuracy of various topographic data sources were qualitatively and/or quantitatively before …

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Analysis Of Different Techniques For Improving Performance Of Flat Plate Solar Collectors For Fruits Drying, Godfrey Mbabaye Jun 2014

Analysis Of Different Techniques For Improving Performance Of Flat Plate Solar Collectors For Fruits Drying, Godfrey Mbabaye

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Fruits drying had become a broader technology in fruits and vegetables value addition. The technology is reported to be a promising way of drying without incurring higher cost but its adaptation has not been feasible in rural areas. Solar dryers have been developed but its poor performance limits its applicability. In this study, several techniques for modifications of traditional solar collector were addressed. It was observed that, varying collector designs in different techniques, a range of collector performances can be archived. The research shows that, collector efficiency can be improved by 9.6% when employing double duct counter flow compared to …

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Noise Pollution In Maize Milling Smes, Erasto Elias Jun 2014

Noise Pollution In Maize Milling Smes, Erasto Elias

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Maize milling SMEs emit high levels of noise which can have adverse effects on human beings and therefore require controlling. This paper reports on a study that involved assessment and measurement of noise level in maize milling SMEs in DSM and Morogoro urban, gathering opinions of workers and the neighbouring population on noise problems, and suggesting solutions for noise control. Noise measurements in 41 SMEs were recorded from 89-103 dBA in DSM and 92-103 dBA in Morogoro near the milling machines. These values were higher than the safe level of 85 dBA for 8 hours working shift. Measurement also indicated …

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From The Editor-In-Chief, Ibrahim A. Baggili Jun 2014

From The Editor-In-Chief, Ibrahim A. Baggili

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

We are proud to share with you this special edition issue of the JDFSL. This year, JDFSL partnered with both the 6th International Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime (ICDF2C) and Systematic Approaches to Digital Forensic Engineering (SADFE)–two prominent conferences in our field that were co-hosted. Fifty-three papers were submitted, and the Technical Program Committee accepted only 17 after a rigorous review process.

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A New Silver Electrode Based On The Composite Silver Sulfide/Attapulgite As Ionophore, Wen-Zhuo Li, Ding-Jia Xu, Jun Wang, Jian-Long Wang Jun 2014

A New Silver Electrode Based On The Composite Silver Sulfide/Attapulgite As Ionophore, Wen-Zhuo Li, Ding-Jia Xu, Jun Wang, Jian-Long Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel silver ion selective electrode with its ionophore being a kind of organic/inorganic composite composed of silver sulfide and attapulgite has been prepared. Attapulgite is a type of natural inorganic polymer which has some properties similar to zeolite, such as a higher specific surface area and plenty of intercrystalline cavities. In this work, the silver ions were firstly adosrbed in the micropores of the attapulgite, then thioacetamidetiny was selected to mix with the prepared silver ions/ attapulgite composite. Owning to the existence of sulfur atoms in the structure of thioacetamide molecules, thioacetamide molecules can react with the silver ions/attapulgite …

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Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies Of Pyridine Adsorbed On Ti/Au@Sio2 Film Electrode, Min-Min Xu, Ke Liu, Qing-Hua Guo, Jian-Lin Yao Jun 2014

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies Of Pyridine Adsorbed On Ti/Au@Sio2 Film Electrode, Min-Min Xu, Ke Liu, Qing-Hua Guo, Jian-Lin Yao

Journal of Electrochemistry

This study was performed based on shell-isolated nanoparticles-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) technology. The Au@SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by TEM and cyclic voltammetry. It was shown that the shell of SiO2 was compact. The high quality signal measured by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was obtained from the adsorbed pyridine on Ti/Au@SiO2 electrode. The origin of the SERS signals was further confirmed by testing Pt and Ni electrodes. In addition, potential dependent adsorption behavior was investigated. It was found that pyridine was adsorbed parallel on the surface from -0.1 V to -0.6 V, and converted to …

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Horseradish Peroxidase-Attapulgite Clay Nanocomposites: Fabrication And Application To Sensing The Extracellular H2O2 Released From Cells, Ping Wu, Chen-Xin Cai Jun 2014

Horseradish Peroxidase-Attapulgite Clay Nanocomposites: Fabrication And Application To Sensing The Extracellular H2O2 Released From Cells, Ping Wu, Chen-Xin Cai

Journal of Electrochemistry

The nanostructured attapulgite clay was employed as a support matrix for immobilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP). FTIR and electrochemical methods demonstrated that HRP had been effectively assembled on attapulgite surface with the formation of HRP-attapulgite nanocomposites. The HRP-attapulgite hybrid was deposited on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode forming the HRP-attapulgite/GC electrode. Cyclic voltammetric results showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks, which were ascribed to direct electron transfer (DET) of HRP, with the formal potential E0′ = -335 mV (vs. SCE) in the phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.0). The dependence of E0′ on solution pH indicated …

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Novel Electrochemical Interfaces Based On Functional Nanomaterials And Their Related Applications, Cheng-Zhou Zhu, Lei Han, Shao-Jun Dong Jun 2014

Novel Electrochemical Interfaces Based On Functional Nanomaterials And Their Related Applications, Cheng-Zhou Zhu, Lei Han, Shao-Jun Dong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Due to the unique optical, electronic, magnetic and catalytic properties, functional nanomaterials provide new opportunities for the rapid development in a variety of disciplines and show considerable promise in different fields. Specifically, constructions of the novel electrochemical interface using various nanomaterials and exploring their advanced electrochemical properties have received great attention to develop electrochemical devices with potential applications. In this account, we focus on our up-to-date progress in the construction of novel electrochemical interfaces based on nanomaterials, mainly highlighting our research advances on electrochemical sensors, fuel cells and fluorescence spectroelectrochemistry. These novel advanced nanomaterials endow them excellent performances and open …

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Preparation And Photocatalytic Properties Of Zno Nanorod Arrays On Ti Substrates, Jia-Ming Yang, Ling-Jun Han, Li-Ping Zhong, Zhen-Hai Liang Jun 2014

Preparation And Photocatalytic Properties Of Zno Nanorod Arrays On Ti Substrates, Jia-Ming Yang, Ling-Jun Han, Li-Ping Zhong, Zhen-Hai Liang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, the uniform ZnO nanorod arrays were prepared by galvanostatic electrodeposition on Ti Substrates. The morphology and structure of samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of the concentration of Zn(NO3)2 and the deposition current on the morphology of the ZnO nanorod arrays were investigated. Photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanorod arrays were investigated by degradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV-light irradiation. The analysis revealed that the concentration of Zn(NO3)2 and the deposition current strongly influenced the morphology of the ZnO nanorod arrays. Compared with …

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The Ionic Diffusion Model For The Solid Oxide Cathode And Its Verification By The Electrolysis Of Ta2O5 In Molten Cacl2, Hua-Lin Chen, Zhi-Yong Wang, Xian-Bo Jin, George Z. Chen Jun 2014

The Ionic Diffusion Model For The Solid Oxide Cathode And Its Verification By The Electrolysis Of Ta2O5 In Molten Cacl2, Hua-Lin Chen, Zhi-Yong Wang, Xian-Bo Jin, George Z. Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The deoxidation speed of a solid oxide cathode in molten CaCl2 can be estimated by the PRS steady diffusion model of O2-, which correlates the deoxidation speed with the precursor porosity, P, the metal-to-oxide molar volume ratio, R, and the cathode volume shrinkage S. The PRS model indicates that the porosity of the oxide cathode has important influence on the deoxidation speed, and provides a very simple equation for the prediction of the optimal cathode porosity. For the electrolysis of Ta2O5, the porosity of the cathode is better to be within 50%. …

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