Engineering Commons^™

Rf Cmos Band Pass Filters With Wide Tuning Frequency, Controllable Pass Band And High Stopband Rejection: Using Passive And Active Inductors, Jian Chen

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With the increasing demand for high performance RF front-end modules, like multimedia handset and base station devices accommodating multiple wireless standards (2G, 2.5G, 3G, WiMAX, and LTE). Multiple IF amplifiers, mixers, RF band pass filters (BPFs), modulators and demodulators are desired to be tunable to meet dynamic standards with different frequency bands. Tunable devices with wide tuning frequency range, tuning speed, high linearity, energy conservative, high pass band gain, high stop band rejection are the paramount components in the reconfigurable RF front-end systems. In this dissertation, first a wide tuning passive inductor band pass filter (BPF) with steep roll-off high …

Tunable C Band Coupled-C Bpf With Resonators Using Active Capacitor And Inductor, Yu Wang

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In this thesis, a classic second-order coupled-capacitor Chebyshev bandpass filter with resonators using active capacitor and inductor is presented. The low cost and small size of CMOS active components makes the band pass filter (BPF) attractive in fully-integrated CMOS applications. The active capacitor is designed to compensate active inductor's resistance for resistive match in the resonator. Meanwhile, adjusting design parameter of the active component provides BPF tunability in center frequency, pass band and pass band gain. Designed in 1.8V 180 nanometer CMOS process, the BPF has a tuning frequency range of 758-864 MHz, a controllable pass band of 7.1-65.9 MHz, …

Vehicle Level Transient Aircraft Thermal Management Modeling And Simulation, Adam Donovan

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Many advances in technology are expected to increase the capabilities of next generation aircraft, and these advances will increase the thermal load on the aircraft as well. In order to assess and account for these increased thermal loads, three studies were performed: a fuel pump trade study, a high energy pulsed system (HEPS) implementation study, and a legacy vehicle environmental control system (ECS) study. The fuel pump study addresses the effect of the implementation of a centrifugal fuel pump versus a variable displacement fuel pump. Traditionally, aircraft designers have used a centrifugal fuel pump over a piston based pump based …

Development, Design, Manufacture And Test Of Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicles, Todd J. Smith

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The field of FlappingWing Micro Air Vehicles (FWMAV) has been of interest in recent years and as shown to have many aerodynamic principles unconventional to traditional aviation aerodynamics. In addition to traditional manufacturing techniques, MAVs have utilized techniques and machines that have gained significant interest and investment over the past decade, namely in additive manufacturing. This dissertation discusses the techniques used to manufacture and build a 30 gram-force (gf) model which approaches the lower limit allowed by current commercial off-the-shelf items. The vehicle utilizes a novel mechanism that minimizes traditional kinematic issues associated with four bar mechanisms for flapping wing …

Compressed Sensing For Electronic Radio Frequency Receiver: Detection, Sensitivity, And Implementation, Ethan Lin

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The current state-of the-art for digital receiver bandwidth coverage is now reaching multi-GHz. The conventional wideband digital receiver design is based on the Nyquist information theory, and its bandwidth coverage is limited by the Nyquist sampling rate. Therefore, receiver performance highly depends on the high speed analog-to-digital (ADC) technology and computation hardware such as FPGA. Having proved a fundamental theory that Nyquist waveform can be restored with a reduced sampling rate under certain situations, compressed sensing (CS) technique becomes an attractive solution to wideband digital receiver development.

In this dissertation, performance analysis of the compressed sensing in receiver application is …

Leaky Wave Antenna, Pradyumna Aditya

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The main radiation mechanism in a leaky wave antenna is a travelling wave in a guided structure. The main characteristics of a leaky wave antenna are: light weight, easy to fabricate. Leaky wave antennas have been in use since the 1940s. In this thesis, a portable and powerful leaky-wave antenna is designed, implemented, and demonstrated for scanning application. We change the guiding structure by applying a high dielectric constant material to produce a low-cost, small size, light weight, and high sensitivity leaky-wave antenna. The designed antenna can reach large scan angles with small frequency tuned. High scanning angles can be …

The Development Of A Human Operator Informatic Model (Hoim) Incorporating The Effects Of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation On Information Processing While Performing Multi-Attribute Task Battery (Matb), Justin Nelson

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Multitasking has become an integral attribute associated with military operations in tasks such as cyber defense operators, remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) operators and air traffic controllers. These tasks are monotonous and repetitive in nature requiring the human operator to interpret and process information that may exceed their mental capability. When the human operator can no longer effectively process and respond to the critical incoming information, an asymptotic limit known as the multitasking throughput capacity (MTC) will be present. At this point, critical target detection and reaction times may degrade resulting in a decrement in performance. The objective of this research …

An Approach To Implement Kahn's Technique With Dynamic Power Supply, Sowjanya Kommu

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Radio-frequency power amplifiers are an integral part of today's communication systems. Primary importance is given to improve its efficiency and linearity, which are required for the effective signal transmission. Three main architectures on which, the efficiency of communication systems are based on are: (a) Kahn's technique, (b) Doherty's power amplifiers, and (c) Cheireix out-phasing modulation. Several schemes to implement these techniques exist in literature and their study is very diverse. In this thesis, a detailed literature survey on these techniques is presented, which includes their operation, properties, advantages, disadvantages, and areas of potential applications. This main objective of this thesis …

Openthinning: Fast 3d Thinning Based On Local Neighborhood Lookups, Tobias Post, Christina Gillmann, Thomas Wischgoll, Hans Hagen

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

3D Thinning is an often required image processing task in order to perform shape analysis in various applications. For researchers in these domains, a fast, flexible and easy to access implementation is required. Open source solutions, as the Insights Segmentation and Registration Toolkit (ITK), are often used for image processing and visualization tasks, due to their wide range of provided algorithms. Unfortunately, ITK’s thinning implementation is computational expensive and allows solely one specific thinning approach. Therefore, this work presents OpenThinning, an open source thinning solution for 3D image data. The implemented algorithm evaluates a moving local neighborhood to find deletable …

Silver Nanoparticles Supported On Carbon Nanotube Carpets: Influence Of Surface Functionalization, Anil K. Karumuri, Dhawal P. Oswal, Heather A. Hostetler, Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The effectiveness of nanoparticle-based functional devices depends strongly on the surface morphology and area of the support. An emerging powerful approach of increasing the available surface area without decreasing strength or increasing bulk is to attach arrays of suitable nanotubes on the surface, and to attach the necessary nanoparticles to them. Earlier publications by this team have shown that carpet-like arrays of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be successfully grown on a variety of larger carbon substrates such as graphite, foams and fabric, which offer hierarchical multiscale supporting architecture suitable for the attachment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). A limiting factor of …

Cardiovascular Dieseases: From Data Generation To Analysis, Thomas Wischgoll

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in Western societies. This presentation will provide insight into the use of expert knowledge and models to derive diagnostic tools that have the potential to aid in the diagnosis of diffuse cardiovascular diseases that tend to be more difficult to detect in CT angiograms. In order to develop these methods more basic research is needed to prove the validity of the approach, including validation of accuracy as well as approach itself. For that, specimens of porcine hearts were prepared and then analyzed followed by a statistical comparison between computed and optical measurements. …

A Semi-Automated Computer Program For Assessment Of Skeletal Maturity In Children, Sara Gharabaghi, Thomas Wischgoll

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

In pediatric patients, skeletal maturity is an important tool for detection of hormonal, growth or genetic disorders. The Fels method is a well-known visual assessment method in which the skeletal age is estimated by grading 98 skeletal indicators in the hand-wrist radiographic (x-ray) image. These indicators are features that reflect the three-dimensional shape of the bones and change during the maturation process. Generally, the Fels indicators could be categorized into three main groups of the status of ossification, the ratios of bone widths, and epiphysealdiaphyseal fusion.

Stimulus And Optode Placement Effects On Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Of Visual Cortex, Nasser H. Kashou, Brenna M. Giacherio

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy has yet to be implemented as a stand-alone technique within an ophthalmology clinical setting, despite its promising advantages. The present study aims to further investigate reliability of visual cortical signals. This was achieved by: (1) assessing the effects of optode placements using the 10–20 International System of Electrode Placement consisting of 28 channels, (2) determining effects of stimulus size on response, and (3) evaluating response variability as a result of cap placement across three sessions. Ten participants with mean age 23.8 4.8 years (five male) and varying types of hair color and thickness were recruited. Visual stimuli …

Hand-Grasping And Finger Tapping Induced Similar Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Cortical Responses, Nasser H. Kashou, Brenna M. Giacherio, Ramzi W. Nahhas, Sudarshan R. Jadcherla

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

Despite promising advantages such as low cost and portability of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), it has yet to be widely implemented outside of basic research. Specifically, fNIRS has yet to be proven as a standalone tool within a clinical setting. The objective of this study was to assess hemodynamic concentration changes at the primary and premotor motor cortices as a result of simple whole-hand grasping and sequential finger-opposition (tapping) tasks. These tasks were repeated over 3 days in a randomized manner. Ten healthy young adults (23.8 4.8 years) participated in the study. Quantitatively, no statistically significant differences were discovered between …

Finite Element Analysis Of Superior C3 Cervical Vertebra Endplate And Cancellous Core Under Static Loads, Isaac Mabe, Tarun Goswami

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

Subsidence is a type of failure associated with implanted cervical cages or artificial intervertebral discs. It is defined as a loss of postoperative disc height. Actuarial rates show a risk of subsidence at 16 weeks at 70.7 percent. This study examines the changes in the vertebral endplate morphology and the resulting effect on the stresses developed in the endplate and in the vertebral core. A three-dimensional linear elastic model was created from computed tomographic (CT) scans and material properties were assigned according to various studies. Particular care was taken in the superior endplate that was modeled according to experimental measurements. …

Analysis Of A Clinically Failed, Mechanically Intact, Hemi-Toe Implant, Swetha Varadharajan, Richard T. Laughlin, Tarun Goswami

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

In this case study a clinically failed, mechanically intact, hemi-toe device was investigated. The clinical indication of the failure constitutes radiolucent line indicating loosening of the implant and possible interactions among the bone-implant initiated by osteolysis may become a factor, producing pain, inflammatory reactions, deformity and discomfort. The patient file was not available to determine these parameters. The device was titanium coated, Cobalt Chromium alloy used for making hemi-toe. Degeneration of hemi implant was due to spalling of the coating from the surface, causing loosening of stem from bone. However, pre-removal X-ray films were not available to confirm. Mechanism by …

Personalized And Adaptive Semantic Information Filtering For Social Media, Pavan Kapanipathi

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Social media has experienced immense growth in recent times. These platforms are becoming increasingly common for information seeking and consumption, and as part of its growing popularity, information overload pose a significant challenge to users. For instance, Twitter alone generates around 500 million tweets per day and it is impractical for users to have to parse through such an enormous stream to find information that are interesting to them. This situation necessitates efficient personalized filtering mechanisms for users to consume relevant, interesting information from social media. Building a personalized filtering system involves understanding users' interests and utilizing these interests to …

Aligned Carbon Nanotube Carpets On Carbon Substrates For High Power Electronic Applications, Betty Tun-Huan Quinton

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Abstract Quinton, Betty Tun-Huan. Ph.D., Engineering Ph.D. Program, Wright State University, 2016. Aligned Carbon Nanotube Carpets On Carbon Substrates for High Power Electronic Applications. One of the driving forces behind nanotechnology research is the miniaturization of electronic devices. Electrical and thermal transport properties of device materials at micrometer and nanometer scales become very important in such applications. Carbon materials, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have exceptionally low density and superior electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Vertically aligned CNTs attached to lightweight carbon substrates may hold the key to fully use these outstanding properties. However, the majority of studies reported to date …

Detecting Php-Based Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerabilities Using Static Program Analysis, Steven M. Kelbley

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With the widespread adoption of dynamic web applications in recent years, a number of threats to the security of these applications have emerged as significant challenges for application developers. The security of developed applications has become a higher priority for both developers and their employers as cyber attacks become increasingly more prevalent and damaging. Some of the most used web application frameworks are written in PHP and have become major targets due to the large number of servers running these applications worldwide. A number of tools exist to evaluate PHP code for issues, however most of these applications are not …

Data Mining And Mathematical Models For Direct Market Campaign Optimization For Fred Meyer Jewelers, Lebin Lin

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Jewelry retail companies like Fred Meyer Jewelers employ direct marketing such as mailing lists and catalogs as a primary means to promote products, maintain customer relationships, and drive sale growths. Most jewelry customers, however, do not purchase frequently – they make only a limited number of purchases at special times with long lead-times between purchases. This has created a series of challenging problems for the marketing team at these jewelry stores in a) predicting when and what the customer purchases, and b) deciding what customers to be targeted so as to maximize the return on investment in the design of …

Miniatured Inertial Motion And Position Tracking And Visualization Systems Using Android Wear Platform, Dhruvkumar Navinchandra Patel

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In this thesis, we have designed and developed a motion tracking and visualization system using the latest motion tracking sensory technologies. It is one of the enabling technologies for our novel visual-inertial odometer and human anatomy based 3D Locating, Mapping and Navigation system for endoscopy and drug delivery capsules used inside GI tract. In particular, we have: i) designed and completed a cloud-based sensory data collecting, processing and storage system to provide the reliable computing and storage platform; ii) explored different data processing methods to obtain improved-quality motion results from extremely noisy raw data, e.g., by using a low pass …

Low-Cost, Wireless Optical Oximeter For Monitoring Of Brain Function In High-Risk Pediatric Population, Zahra Meghjani

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Nearly 4 million neonates die every year due to brain injuries, most caused by hypoxia. Neonatal ICU requires newborns with critical health conditions to be monitored continuously calling for the need of a non-invasive, compact and portable device. However, commercial devices are mostly bulky and/or expensive. The neonatal mortality is higher in under-developed countries, where such expensive and large devices are not affordable. Hence, my thesis focuses on building first generation compact, inexpensive, and wireless device that can monitor and provide feedback to clinicians during intervention. This approach is based on light absorption by oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin chromophores. The total …

Hpc Enabled Data Analytics For High-Throughput High-Content Cellular Analysis, Ross A. Smith, Rhonda J. Vickery, Jack Harris, Sara Gharabaghi, Thomas Wischgoll, David Short, Robert Trevino, Steven A. Kawamoto, Thomas J. Lamkin, Kevin Schoen, Eric E. Bardes, Scott C. Tabar, Bruce J. Aronow

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Biologists doing high-throughput high-content cellular analysis are generally not computer scientists or high performance computing (HPC) experts, and they want their workflow to support their science without having to be. We describe a new HPC enabled data analytics workflow with a web interface, HPC pipeline for analysis, and both traditional and new analytics tools to help them transition from a single workstation mode of operation to power HPC users. This allows the processing of multiple plates over a short period of time to ensure timely query and analysis to match potential countermeasures to individual responses.

Development Of Analytical Equations For Optimum Tilt Of Two-Axis And Single-Axis Rotating Solar Panels For Clear-Atmosphere Condition, Gaurav Subhash Gugale

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Solar Energy is a renewable energy source which is used widely in recent times. Photovoltaic panels collect the sun’s energy and convert it to electricity. Photovoltaic panels are being widely used in both domestic applications, commercial applications, and small-scale power generation applications. Photovoltaic panels are easy to install, they generate most of their power when electrical demands peak, prices of photovoltaic panels are dropping rapidly, photovoltaic panels require low maintenance, their operating costs are minimal, and they are highly suitable for remote applications. The amount of electricity produced by photovoltaic panels depends on the amount of sunlight the panel captures. …

Modification Reactivity Analysis Of Human Replication Protein A In Biologically Important States, Ryan James Yoakum

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Human Replication Protein A (RPA) is a heterotrimeric protein consisting of 70, 32, and 14 kDa subunits. RPA is the predominant single stranded DNA binding protein within the cell. It is involved in all forms of the DNA metabolic pathways, including but not limited to, replication, recombination, damage repair, as well as cell cycle and DNA check point signaling. RPA is phosphorylated (pRPA) during G1-S phase and is dephosphorylated during M phase. Further, RPA is hyperphosphorylated during DNA damage. Through the use of x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance, researchers have proposed models and structures based on truncated portions of …

A Closed Loop Research Platform That Enables Dynamic Control Of Wing Gait Patterns In A Vertically Constrained Flapping Wing - Micro Air Vehicle, Hermanus Van Botha

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Research in Flapping Wing - Micro Air Vehicles(FW-MAVs) has been growing in recent years. Work ranging from mechanical designs to adaptive control algorithms are being developed in pursuit of mimicking natural flight. FW-MAV technology can be applied in a variety of use cases such a military application and surveillance, studying natural ecological systems, and hobbyist commercialization. Recent work has produced small scale FW-MAVs that are capable of hovering and maneuvering. Researchers control maneuvering in various ways, some of which involve making small adjustments to the core wing motion patterns (wing gaits) which determine how the wings flap. Adaptive control algorithms …

An Autoencoder-Based Image Descriptor For Image Matching And Retrieval, Chenyang Zhao

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Local image features are used in many computer vision applications. Many point detectors and descriptors have been proposed in recent years; however, creation of effective descriptors is still a topic of research. The Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) developed by David Lowe is widely used in image matching and image retrieval. SIFT detects interest points in an image based on Scale-Space analysis, which is invariant to change in image scale. A SIFT descriptor contains gradient information about an image patch centered at a point of interest. SIFT is found to provide a high matching rate, is robust to image transformations; …

Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher

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In the first two years of undergraduate work in engineering, students are taught concepts such as physics, electronics, and most importantly calculus. It is especially important for students to get a better grasp on foundational math concepts, such as calculus in the beginning or they will be overwhelmed by the workload to come. The focus of this research was to understand how students learning calculus, could benefit from an augmented-educational mobile application. In the study students were measured with electroencephalography (EEG) measurements utilized by the Emotive EPOC® as they attempted to solve different limit themed problems in order to determine …

Locally Optimized Covariance Kriging For Non-Stationary System Responses, Daniel Lee Clark Jr.

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In this thesis, the Locally-Optimized Covariance (LOC) Kriging method is developed. This method represents a flexible surrogate modeling approach for approximating a non-stationary Kriging covariance structures for deterministic responses. The non-stationary covariance structure is approximated by aggregating multiple stationary localities. The aforementioned localities are determined to be statistically significant utilizing the Non-Stationary Identification Test. This methodology is applied to various demonstration problems including simple one and two-dimensional analytical cases, a deterministic fatigue and creep life model, and a five-dimensional fluid-structural interaction problem. The practical significance of LOC-Kriging is discussed in detail and is directly compared to stationary Kriging considering computational …

Analyzing Cognitive Workload Through Eye-Related Measurements: A Meta-Analysis, Melissa Patricia Coral

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Understanding cognitive workload has become a vital topic for researchers in developing future systems. Existing research has investigated the use of physiological measurements of the eye with cognitive workload, though a quantitative synthesis has yet to be performed. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effects of cognitive workload on eye-related measurements. The objective of this meta-analysis is not to determine a difference between the levels of workload, but to identify reliable measurements. Measurements through blinks, saccades, pupils, and fixations were examined. Twenty-two studies, contributing to a total of sixty entries, met the appropriate inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Findings …