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Articles 5701 - 5730 of 13841

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Optimizing The Environmental And Economic Sustainability Of Remote Community Infrastructure, Jamie E. Filer, Justin D. Delorit, Andrew J. Hoisington, Steven J. Schuldt Mar 2020

Optimizing The Environmental And Economic Sustainability Of Remote Community Infrastructure, Jamie E. Filer, Justin D. Delorit, Andrew J. Hoisington, Steven J. Schuldt

Faculty Publications

Remote communities such as rural villages, post-disaster housing camps, and military forward operating bases are often located in remote and hostile areas with limited or no access to established infrastructure grids. Operating these communities with conventional assets requires constant resupply, which yields a significant logistical burden, creates negative environmental impacts, and increases costs. For example, a 2000-member isolated village in northern Canada relying on diesel generators required 8.6 million USD of fuel per year and emitted 8500 tons of carbon dioxide. Remote community planners can mitigate these negative impacts by selecting sustainable technologies that minimize resource consumption and emissions. However, …

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Utilization And Standardization Of Beverage Based Containers, Michael T. Bobke, Jack C. Maughan, Kenia Vargas Mar 2020

Utilization And Standardization Of Beverage Based Containers, Michael T. Bobke, Jack C. Maughan, Kenia Vargas

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

The purpose of this document is to formally describe and explain all of the decisions associated with the data collection and analysis for this Cal Poly Senior Project. Throughout the project, we will utilize and hone the skills that each team member has developed during our time in Cal Poly's Engineering program. In addition, this document will briefly describe some of Blue Diamond’s history as one of the biggest almond companies in the world. The statement of work will introduce and describe the current status of the beverage base container process and international beverage container design. Next it will discuss …

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Rebar Impalement Safety, Spencer C. Nefores, Steven M. Hoover Mar 2020

Rebar Impalement Safety, Spencer C. Nefores, Steven M. Hoover

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

This project is sponsored by Webcor with the purpose of finding a better solution to rebar impalement safety. The current rebar impalement safety caps being used by Webcor were found to frequently fall off after being installed. This results in workers being exposed to the hazard for longer than desired. The research that has been done by the team showed that rebar impalement is a serious hazard and results in injury or death every year. Site visits and interviews were performed to aid in understanding the problem and designing solutions. The customer needs, current state of the problem, existing solutions, …

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Parklets San Luis, Owen Kenny, Preston Jag Stebel, Leonidas Goodman, Lukas Braun Mar 2020

Parklets San Luis, Owen Kenny, Preston Jag Stebel, Leonidas Goodman, Lukas Braun

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Downtown San Luis Obispo has been a popular destination for tourists, students, families, and roadtrippers. However, according to Ryan Betz, Interim Assistant to the City Manager, foot traffic and retail business revenue has been decreasing. Downtown SLO does not have enough free public spaces. Recent projects such as sidewalk bump outs and lighted crosswalks have aimed at making SLO more pedestrian accessible, but they have not actually made downtown more pleasurable. These projects have not seemed to drive any more business or traffic downtown. There are a myriad of ways to rectify this; studies show that having a free place …

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Heuristic Approaches For Near-Optimal Placement Of Gps-Based Multi-Static Radar Receivers In American Coastal Waters, Brandon J. Hufstetler Mar 2020

Heuristic Approaches For Near-Optimal Placement Of Gps-Based Multi-Static Radar Receivers In American Coastal Waters, Brandon J. Hufstetler

Theses and Dissertations

Narcotics smuggling across the Caribbean Sea is a growing concern for the United States Coast Guard. One vector for this illicit trafficking is via small aircraft. This thesis proposes a multi-static radar architecture using the Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation as a transmission source to detect these aircraft as they transit a detection fence. The system developed in this thesis relies on the forward-scatter phenomenon in which a radar shadow is cast by a target as it crosses in front of a transmitter, creating a measurable difference in the signal amplitude at the receiver. This thesis first develops a mathematical …

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Defense Contractor Profit, Clayton S. Eilert Mar 2020

Defense Contractor Profit, Clayton S. Eilert

Theses and Dissertations

This research seeks to achieve two objectives: 1) to provide a comprehensive survey of research related to defense contractor profitability, and 2) to conduct an updated analysis of such profitability. No previous comprehensive survey of the topic was found in the academic literature. Therefore, the provision of such a survey may significantly benefit future researchers. A paucity of recent defense contractor profit research related was identified; only one published study analyzed data after 2000 and none used data more recent than 2010. This research reconciles the gap in recent defense contractor profit studies via objective two. Panel data analysis is …

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Preferred Treatment Methods For Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, James L. Deitschel Mar 2020

Preferred Treatment Methods For Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, James L. Deitschel

Theses and Dissertations

Shared decision making is the concept of physicians involving patients in the treatment planning process. The University of Maryland Medical Center is interested in applying shared decision making to the treatment of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The two treatment methods analyzed in this study were medical management and surgery. To explore patient preferences between these two alternatives, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was employed. The responses for the DCE were binary, so logistic regression models were explored. The conditional logistic regression model was determined to be the most appropriate for this analysis. After step-wise regression was performed, a …

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Human Performance Modeling: Analysis Of The Effects Of Manned-Unmanned Teaming On Pilot Workload And Mission Performance, Jinan M. Andrews Mar 2020

Human Performance Modeling: Analysis Of The Effects Of Manned-Unmanned Teaming On Pilot Workload And Mission Performance, Jinan M. Andrews

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the advent of autonomous technology coupled with the extreme expense of manned aircraft, the Department of Defense (DoD) has increased interest in developing affordable, expendable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to become autonomous wingmen for jet fighters in mosaic warfare. Like a mosaic that forms a whole picture out of smaller pieces, battlefield commanders can utilize disaggregated capabilities, such as Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T), to operate in contested environments. With a single pilot controlling both the UAVs and manned aircraft, it may be challenging for pilots to manage all systems should the system design not be conducive to a steady …

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A Comparison Of Sbir Investment Methods: Afwerx Vs Legacy, Evan A. Gist Mar 2020

A Comparison Of Sbir Investment Methods: Afwerx Vs Legacy, Evan A. Gist

Theses and Dissertations

The AFWERX Open Topic (AOT) program uses funding from the United States Air Force’s (USAF) Small Business Innovation and Research (SBIR) budget to adapt commercial technology to USAF needs. The AOT approach to small business investment is markedly different from that of legacy SBIR investment methods. This research is a comparison of processes and outcomes for AOT and legacy SBIR. The first axis of comparison is on commercialization rates. Applying a legacy definition of commercialization on a sample of AOT contracts, we found AOT’s commercialization to be 37% (compared to an 8.8% for legacy SBIR). We caveat this finding by …

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Conduction Mapping For Quality Control Of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing, Chance M. Baxter Mar 2020

Conduction Mapping For Quality Control Of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing, Chance M. Baxter

Theses and Dissertations

A process was developed to identify potential defects in previous layers of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) 3D printed metal parts using a mid-IR thermal camera to track infrared 3.8-4 m band emission over time as the part cooled to ambient temperature. Efforts focused on identifying anomalies in thermal conduction. To simplify the approach and reduce the need for significant computation, no attempts were made to calibrate measured intensity, extract surface temperature, apply machine learning, or compare measured cool-down behavior to computer model predictions. Raw intensity cool-down curves were fit to a simplified functional form designed to …

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Meta Learning Recommendation System For Classification, Clarence O. Williams Iii Mar 2020

Meta Learning Recommendation System For Classification, Clarence O. Williams Iii

Theses and Dissertations

A data driven approach is an emerging paradigm for the handling of analytic problems. In this paradigm the mantra is to let the data speak freely. However, when using machine learning algorithms, the data does not naturally reveal the best or even a good approach for algorithm choice. One method to let the algorithm reveal itself is through the use of Meta Learning, which uses the features of a dataset to determine a useful model to represent the entire dataset. This research proposes an improvement on the meta-model recommendation system by adding classification problems to the candidate problem space with …

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When The Bank Comes To You: Branch Network And Customer Omnichannel Banking Behavior, Mi Zhou, Dan Geng, Vibhanshu Abhishek, Beibei Li Mar 2020

When The Bank Comes To You: Branch Network And Customer Omnichannel Banking Behavior, Mi Zhou, Dan Geng, Vibhanshu Abhishek, Beibei Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Banks today have been increasingly reducing their physical presence and redirecting customers to digital channels, and yet, the consequences of this strategy are not well studied. This paper investigates the effects of banks' branch network changes (i.e., branch openings and branch closures) on customer omnichannel banking behavior. Using approximately 0.85 million (33 months') anonymized individual-level banking transactions from a large commercial bank in the United States, this paper shows the asymmetric effects of branch openings and branch closures on customer omnichannel banking behavior. In particular, we find that branch openings increase customers' branch transactions; however, the first branch opening leads …

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Vehicle Routing Problem For Multi-Product Cross-Docking, Aldy Gunawan, Audrey Tedja Widjaja, Benjamin Gan, Vincent F. Yu, Panca Jodiawan Mar 2020

Vehicle Routing Problem For Multi-Product Cross-Docking, Aldy Gunawan, Audrey Tedja Widjaja, Benjamin Gan, Vincent F. Yu, Panca Jodiawan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cross-docking is a logistic technique that can reduce costs occurred in a supply chain network while increasing the flow of goods, thus shortening the shipping cycle. Inside a cross-dock facility, the goods are directly transferred from incoming vehicles to outgoing vehicles without storing them in-between. Our research extends and combines this cross-docking technique with a well-known logistic problem, the vehicle routing problem (VRP), for delivering multiple products and addresses it as the VRP for multi-product cross-docking (VRP-MPCD). We developed a mixed integer programming model and generated two sets of VRP-MPCD instances, which are based on VRPCD instances. The instances are …

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Flood Prediction And Uncertainty Estimation Using Deep Learning, Vinayaka Gude, Steven Corns, Suzanna Long Mar 2020

Flood Prediction And Uncertainty Estimation Using Deep Learning, Vinayaka Gude, Steven Corns, Suzanna Long

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Floods are a complex phenomenon that are difficult to predict because of their non-linear and dynamic nature. Therefore, flood prediction has been a key research topic in the field of hydrology. Various researchers have approached this problem using different techniques ranging from physical models to image processing, but the accuracy and time steps are not sufficient for all applications. This study explores deep learning techniques for predicting gauge height and evaluating the associated uncertainty. Gauge height data for the Meramec River in Valley Park, Missouri was used to develop and validate the model. It was found that the deep learning …

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Techniques To Solve Decision-Making Problems, Dilnoz Tulkunovna Muhamediyeva, Bekmuratov Fayzievich Tulkun Feb 2020

Techniques To Solve Decision-Making Problems, Dilnoz Tulkunovna Muhamediyeva, Bekmuratov Fayzievich Tulkun

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Solving decision-making problems in poorly formalized systems only with the help of deterministic and probabilistic methods is insufficient. To do this, it is necessary to widely apply the methods of hybrid intelligent systems and, especially, the methods of “soft” calculations (SoftCalculation, SoftComputing) and the directions of ComputationalIntelligence — intelligent computing technologies that are emerging on this theoretical and methodological base. An immune - fuzzy algorithm for the synthesis of fuzzy inference systems (FIS) is proposed. A two-stage adaptive FIS synthesis algorithm is described. At the first stage, the initial fuzzy parameters are clustered in order to reduce the number of …

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Precise Measuring Cells For Quantitative And Qualitative Measurement, A.A. Begunov, B.M. Akhmedov, R.A. Ibragimov Feb 2020

Precise Measuring Cells For Quantitative And Qualitative Measurement, A.A. Begunov, B.M. Akhmedov, R.A. Ibragimov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The main provisions considered in assessing the accuracy of methods and measurement results are considered. It is shown that in the experimental assessment of various accuracy indicators, and also when analyzing the content of components in various gaseous media, the sorption-gravimetric measurement method is widely used, methods for measuring the mass of the sorbent and possible sources of error of this technique. Methods of measuring the mass of gas using specific surface areas, including taking into account the contact of gas with a solid material, and also, the amount of adsorbed gas and its pressure, temperature, type and size of …

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Features Of Hydration Process, Structure Formation And Curing Processes Of Mono And Polymineral Cement In The Presence Of Additives Of Solid Waste Of Soda Production, Nargis Shamadinova, Gulnora Abdukadirovna Tokhtakhunova Phd, Temur Azimovich Atakuziev, Shakhnoza Saidanvarovna Rakhimjanova Feb 2020

Features Of Hydration Process, Structure Formation And Curing Processes Of Mono And Polymineral Cement In The Presence Of Additives Of Solid Waste Of Soda Production, Nargis Shamadinova, Gulnora Abdukadirovna Tokhtakhunova Phd, Temur Azimovich Atakuziev, Shakhnoza Saidanvarovna Rakhimjanova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The influence of the additive of solid waste of soda production (SWSP) on the content of -C2S and C3S in cement studied. It was found that SWSP affects the density of the aluminum-containing minerals C3A and C4AF, in addition, in the presence of gypsum, their plasticizing properties improved. The introduction of SWSP additives during grinding of clinker intensifies the grinding process and made it possible to obtain a more plastic cement. It was proved that SWSP with CaCl2 content can be used as an additive to concrete and cement mortars - …

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Controlling And Forecasting The Reliability Of Integrated Circuits Of Radio Systems Transmitting Information, Abdulaziz M. Nazarov Prof, Dilmurod A. Davronbekov Prof. Feb 2020

Controlling And Forecasting The Reliability Of Integrated Circuits Of Radio Systems Transmitting Information, Abdulaziz M. Nazarov Prof, Dilmurod A. Davronbekov Prof.

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The issues of forecasting the reliability of integrated circuits, which are the main element base of modern radio engineering information transmission systems, are considered. Methods of parametric and functional control are described to determine the correspondence of the static and dynamic parameters of microcircuits to the required values. A combined method for determining the operating parameters of microcircuits is also described. The advantage of this method in addition to the two above methods is indicated that it combines the function of controlling the operation of the entire control system. Two approaches for predicting reliability are given, as well as mathematical …

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Steady Algorithms For Synthesis Of Multidimensional Controlling Systems With Incomplete Information About The Object State, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov Feb 2020

Steady Algorithms For Synthesis Of Multidimensional Controlling Systems With Incomplete Information About The Object State, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

In this paper, questions of forming and creation of steady synthesis algorithms of multidimensional controlling systems at incomplete information on object status are considered. It is shown that the matrix of feedback coupling on a status at the complete information is not determined. The different algorithms of steady calculation of a matrix pseudo-inverse to the matrix of outputs using these or those decomposition of matrixes are analyzed. Algorithms of iterative specification of a required solution of "skeletal" decomposition are given. The given expressions allow synthesizing the simplified computing procedures of synthesis of multidimensional controlling systems at incomplete information on object …

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Investigating The Solution Properties Of Population Model Of Cross-Diffusion Model With Double Nonlinearity And With Variable Density, Dildora Kabilovna Muhamediyeva Feb 2020

Investigating The Solution Properties Of Population Model Of Cross-Diffusion Model With Double Nonlinearity And With Variable Density, Dildora Kabilovna Muhamediyeva

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The models of two competing populations with double nonlinear diffusion and three types of functional dependencies are considered. The first dependence corresponds to the Malthusian type, the second to the Verhühlst type (logistic population), and the third to Olli-type populations. A common element of this kind of description is the presence of a linear source. Nonlinear sinks are also present in descriptions of populations of the Verhulst and Ollie type. Suitable initial approximations for a rapidly converging iterative process are proposed. Based on a self-similar analysis and comparison of the solutions of the Cauchy problem in the domain for an …

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Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling For Predictive Control Systems With Complex Technological Processes And Production, Yusupbekov Nodirbek, Shukhrat Gulyamov, Malika Doshchanova Feb 2020

Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling For Predictive Control Systems With Complex Technological Processes And Production, Yusupbekov Nodirbek, Shukhrat Gulyamov, Malika Doshchanova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The paper implements a modification of a fuzzy neural network, which is suitable for predictive control purposes. Adaptation of a multidimensional programmable controller based on a neural algorithm for the back propagation of forecasting errors is proposed, as well as neural parametric identification of a fuzzy mathematical model of complex technological processes and production based on experimental data and expert estimates.

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An Analysis Of The Influence Of Hand Hole And Ventilation Hole Design On Compressive Strength Of Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes By An Artificial Neural Network Model, Tita Archaviboonyobul, Ravipim Chaveesuk, Jay Singh, Tunyarut Jinkarn Feb 2020

An Analysis Of The Influence Of Hand Hole And Ventilation Hole Design On Compressive Strength Of Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes By An Artificial Neural Network Model, Tita Archaviboonyobul, Ravipim Chaveesuk, Jay Singh, Tunyarut Jinkarn

Industrial Technology and Packaging

This research aimed at developing a high-performing corrugated fiberboard box compression strength prediction model and to analyze the influences of ventilation and hand hole designs for these containers on the box compression test (BCT) by applying artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. The input variables considered in this study are composed of nine parameters including box dimension as well as shapes, sizes, positions, and locations of ventilations and hand holes of a regular slotted container (RSC, FEFCO 0201). Back propagation algorithms (BPNs) of ANN models were developed from 970 BCT testing data points (single wall boards, C flute, 205/112/205 g/m2). Tested …

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Importance Of Morphological Features In Orthoptera Identification, Kamilov Mirzoyan, Alisher Khamroev, Hudayberdiev Mirzaakbar Feb 2020

Importance Of Morphological Features In Orthoptera Identification, Kamilov Mirzoyan, Alisher Khamroev, Hudayberdiev Mirzaakbar

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article analyzes the problems of implementing image recognition methods and algorithms for identifying biological objects. The Orthoptera group was chosen as a biological object. Orthoptera is a taxonomic order of insects that includes grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, and others. Approaches to the formation and identification of features of Orthoptera species and the formation of training and control samples of their samples are proposed. Estimation algorithms (ACE) were chosen as algorithmic support for identifying Orthoptera collections. ACE is based on the principle of partial priority. Approaches to the formation of a training and testing complex based on the data from the …

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Demand Forecasting Of Wartime Spares Based On Evidence Theory, Yunjing Zhang, Xinxin Wang, Wang Yang, Guangming Tang Feb 2020

Demand Forecasting Of Wartime Spares Based On Evidence Theory, Yunjing Zhang, Xinxin Wang, Wang Yang, Guangming Tang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A new method based on evidence theory is proposed to solve the lack of data for the demand prediction of spares in wartime. Utilizing Markov chain model to research the rule of spares demand of peacetime from the historical data. A Markov chain transfer probability adjustment strategy, based on the change of combat intensity, is designed, which can be used to simulation the rule of spares demand in wartime. Under the experience of experts and the combination of the Fuzzy theory and evidence theory, the spares demand is wartime is forecasted. The simulation example shows that the …

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Moea/D Algorithm Based On The Hybrid Framework For Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm, Hongjun Tian, Wang Lei, Qidi Wu Feb 2020

Moea/D Algorithm Based On The Hybrid Framework For Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm, Hongjun Tian, Wang Lei, Qidi Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aimto the difficulties of designing the bonding mechanism of global optimization algorithm and local search strategy for hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, and of improving the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, based on the feedback control idea, a systematic and modular hybrid MOEA/D algorithm combining the global optimization and local search is proposed. In the algorithm, a diversity measure method based on crowded entropy is designed; a local search strategy based on simplified quadratic approximation and population diversity enhancement strategy for MOEA/D is proposed. The numerical experiments show that the proposed HMOEA/D can achieve a balance between diversity …

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Tele-Robot Control System With Online Virtual Simulation Prediction, Lingyan Hu, Kangbai Shi, Bichun Zhang, Shaoping Xu Feb 2020

Tele-Robot Control System With Online Virtual Simulation Prediction, Lingyan Hu, Kangbai Shi, Bichun Zhang, Shaoping Xu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: When a tele-robot with virtual simulation system works in a complicated environment, the virtual scene may not synchronize with the real one. This may cause the operator on the master side to give wrong instruction. This paper presents a tele-robot with online virtual model correction. The virtual simulation system on the master side builds a virtual model of environment and robot on the slave side. It predicts the motion of the slave robot in real time according the commands from the operator. In order to ensure the virtual scene synchronize with the real one, the measured data on the …

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Research On Cavitation Evolution Model In Venturi Tube, Guihua Han, Yanan Liu, Junpeng Shao, Cijun Zhang Feb 2020

Research On Cavitation Evolution Model In Venturi Tube, Guihua Han, Yanan Liu, Junpeng Shao, Cijun Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The dynamic cavitation model of venturi tube air-water two-phase flow was established according to the time variation of air precipitation and digestion process in water. FLUENT three-dimension numerical simulation were studied to simulate the air-water two-phase flow, and the variation law of venturi tube throat diameter and inlet pressure on vapor volume fraction were obtained. The results of numerical simulation and experiments show that the vapor volume fraction increases following the increase of the inlet pressure. If the throat diameter is increased, the inlet pressure can be increased as the compensation to achieve the same cavitation effect. The …

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Self-Organizing Aggregation Behavior Modeling Of Swarm Robots Based On Ant Colony Algorithm, Yang Wei, Zeng Liang, Xinchen Kang Feb 2020

Self-Organizing Aggregation Behavior Modeling Of Swarm Robots Based On Ant Colony Algorithm, Yang Wei, Zeng Liang, Xinchen Kang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the formation of aggregation behavior model of swarm robots, a self-organizing motion model based on particle system mechanics and perceptual state weighting is established to realize the autonomous transfer of robot motion state. The aggregation degree and uniformity index of aggregation behavior are established, and the aggregation performances of different models are analyzed by experiment, which lay a foundation for the formation of self-organized aggregation behavior model of swarm robots. Using the selected model, the self-organizing aggregation behavior simulation experiments are conducted in two cases with boundary constraints and no boundary constraints. The maximum coverage of …

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Auv Vertical Plane Control Based On Improved Pid Neural Network Algorithm, Runan Huang, Ding Ning Feb 2020

Auv Vertical Plane Control Based On Improved Pid Neural Network Algorithm, Runan Huang, Ding Ning

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: An improved PID neural network controller is designed for the movement control of a small low-speed autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in vertical plane, and the global control of the depth and pitch angle of the underwater vehicle in vertical plane is obtained. The AUV simulation control system is built by using REMUS underwater vehicle model in Simulink. The simulation results show that the improved control method with better dynamic performance has solved the original excessive saturation issue, and can adapt to different learning rates and network initial weight,and is of certain reference value to the practical application …

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Integrated Simulation Test Platform For Environment Perception And Planning Decision Of Intelligent Vehicle, Sun Jian, Runhan Huang, Li Lin, Qiyuan Liu, Yudi Li Feb 2020

Integrated Simulation Test Platform For Environment Perception And Planning Decision Of Intelligent Vehicle, Sun Jian, Runhan Huang, Li Lin, Qiyuan Liu, Yudi Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The simplicity of testing modules and the lack of high-fidelity and high-density traffic scenes are the primary issues in the intelligent vehicle' simulation test. To solve these problems, a "software in the loop" integration test platform is built. The environmental perception module is integrated on the basis of the PreScan, the planning decision-making module designed by MATLAB/Simulink and the virtual traffic flow environment from Vissim. Based on this platform, high-fidelity traffic flow scenes can be generated rapidly to support the test of environment perception and decision-making integratedly and effectively. Moreover, the intelligent vehicle's influence on the traffic flow …

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