Engineering Commons^™

Reuse Of Calcium Carbonate (Caco3) Recovered From Discarded Carpets As Filler In Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Composites, Roshan Devkota

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over four billion pounds of carpet are discarded annually in the United States, making carpet waste a significant environmental concern. Calcium carbonate (CaCo₃) constitutes up to 45% of the mass of most synthetic carpets. Reusing this CaCo₃ as a filler in the rapidly growing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) industry, which is projected to reach USD 10.38 billion, presents a low-cost, practical approach to developing a market-based solution to post-consumer carpet waste.

This study investigates the reuse of CaCo₃ recovered from discarded carpet backing as a filler in FRP composites, focusing on its mechanical viability in comparison to virgin CaCo₃. The methodology …

Electrochemical And Nanomaterial Based Strategies For Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection: A Review, Reagan Aviha, Gymama Slaughter

Center for Bioelectronics Publications

Electrochemical glucose sensing technologies have undergone significant evolution, with continual advancements aimed at improving sensitivity, selectivity, and user convenience. This review systematically explores the development of emerging nonenzymatic glucose sensor designs. Nonenzymatic sensors are critically evaluated for their ability to overcome enzymatic limitations, leveraging novel materials and catalytic mechanisms. Additionally, the emergence of smartphone-integrated glucose monitoring systems is highlighted as the fifth generation, representing a paradigm shift toward personalized, real-time healthcare management. Emphasis is placed on the strategies employed to reduce the working electrode potential and enhance analytical performance. Key analytical metrics and real-sample applicability are evaluated, and persistent challenges …

Electro-Mechanical Behavior Of Core-Shell Carbon Grease-Silicone Fibers Fabricated Via Coaxial Direct Ink Writing, Fahrettin Kilic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Highly stretchable strain sensors are essential components in soft electronics, enabling integration of sensing and signal transmission into deformable systems. This thesis explores the fabrication and characterization of coaxial core–shell fibers composed of a conductive carbon grease core and an elastomeric silicone shell. These fibers were produced using coaxial direct ink writing (DIW), a versatile additive manufacturing technique that allows continuous deposition of multi-material filaments. The goal was to achieve mechanically compliant yet electrically stable fibers capable of withstanding large deformations, suitable for applications in wearable electronics and soft robotics.
The printed fibers were systematically examined through mechanical tensile testing, …

Development Of Group Iii-V Quantum Confinement-Enabled Detectors: Bias-Tunable Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (Qwip) And Quantum Dot Scintillation Detector (Qdsd), Gyana R. Biswal

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

This dissertation discloses the physics, fabrication, characterization, and analysis of two novel types of group III-V semiconductor detectors relying on quantum confinement of carriers, namely voltage-tunable quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) and a high-yield ultrafast quantum dot scintillation detector (QDSD). Both QWIP and QDSD heterostructures presented here were grown on 3” GaAs (001) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

A major part of the dissertation focuses on development of the voltage-tunable QWIPs targeting detection in the mid-wave infrared region (MWIR) (3μm -5μm) and long-wave infrared region (LWIR) (8μm -12μm) with control of sensitivity by the applied bias. The QWIPs utilize …

Novel Design And Fabrication Of A High-Speed Transient Heat Flux Sensor For Application To Rotating Detonation Engines, Zachary Todd Tallman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rotating detonation engine (RDE) combustion systems have been a topic of interest in the pressure gain combustion community for their benefits over traditional gas turbine engine combustors. However, cooling requirements for these engines are significantly higher and less predictable than those of non-detonating engines. To understand and quantify the high-speed heat transfer dynamics within an RDE, a novel high-frequency heat flux sensor is presented. This study aims to design a robust, single-sided sensor that can withstand the high temperature and harsh environment of an RDE for extended durations. Screen printing is used to deposit a layered, platinum-yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) film …

Characterization And Optimization Of Sand And Tung Oil-Based Resins For Binder-Jet 3d Printing, Daniel I. Ajiola

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Binder-jet 3D printing as a transformative technology in additive manufacturing, offers the ability to fabricate complex structures with diverse materials. This thesis investigates the use of a sustainable tung oil-based resin to create composites, exploring the potential for an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic binders.

The aim of this research is to develop and characterize a bio-based resin formulation, using tung oil as the primary binder, for application in binder-jet 3D printing with sand as the reinforcement. The resin formulation was prepared by combining tung oil, n-butyl methacrylate, divinylbenzene, and di-tert-butyl peroxide in precise proportions, ensuring a balanced mixture that supports …

Pulsed Arc Additive Manufacturing Of A Functionally Graded Er2209 Duplex Stainless Steel And Hsla-100 Structure: Morphology, Characterization, And Mechanical Performance, Stevens G. Hill Jr

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Wire arc additive manufacturing is a process well suited to the efficient production of large structures. Duplex stainless steel exhibits high corrosion resistance and good strength which can be highly beneficial for industrial use. However, its use is limited due to its cost and complexity in controlling microstructure to achieve desired properties. In many cases, it can be highly beneficial to manufacture a component which uses specialty steel grades such as duplex stainless steel only where necessary, and utilizes more affordable, commonly available steels for reinforcement or bulk structural support. A functionally graded material satisfies these requirements by providing a …

Effect Of Alloying Additions On Austenite Refinement In Nickel-Alloyed Ductile Cast Irons, Adnan Adib Aahamed

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The benefits associated with the application of ductile irons are significantly attributed to the control of microstructures, with refinement of austenitic matrix during solidification playing a significant role. Nickel alloyed ductile irons are attractive due to their potential for high ductility and suitability for potential high-temperature applications with stable austenitic microstructure. Refinement of austenite grain structure is thus important to enhance the mechanical properties of the alloyed ductile iron. This research investigates the impact of in-mold additions of different alloying elements on the austenite morphology and grain refinement of nickel-alloyed ductile iron along with the associated mechanical properties. A hypoeutectic …

Enhancing The Mechanical Properties Of Sla 3d-Printed Bio-Resin From Linseed Oil Using Cellulose And Lignin Biopolymers, Chukwunonso A. Ikedionu

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Abstract

This research explores the development of bio resin from linseed oil by the process of epoxidation and acrylation to produce acrylated epoxidized linseed oil (AELO). Lignin and cellulose biopolymers were added as reinforcement at varying weight fractions of 1 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, and 5 wt.%, and their mechanical performance was compared against pure AELO. The formulations were printed using an Elegoo SLA 3D printer to create standardized test specimens like tensile bars, compression cylinders, and hardness blocks, which were all prepared according to the ASTM testing standard.

The results indicate that reinforcement effects depend on both filler type and …

First-Principles Study Of Ferroelectric Properties And Co2 Reduction Reaction Capabilities In Two-Dimensional Monolayers And Heterostructures, Mo Li

Dissertations

Two-dimensional (2D) materials hold significant potential for CO₂ reduction reactions (CO₂RR) due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. However, achieving high selectivity for desired products and overcoming limitations posed by scaling relationships remain challenging. Recent studies suggest that ferroelectric (FE) materials with switchable out-of-plane polarization (OOP) can effectively tune the adsorption behavior, thermodynamics, and kinetics of CO₂RR, offering promising solutions to these challenges. Using density functional theory (DFT) and the Berry phase approach, this work expands the family of 2D ferroelectrics by theoretically identifying Y₂CO₂, Y₂CS₂, and Sc …

Determination Of Electrochemical Parameters For Predicting Reaction Mechanism And Algorithmic Approaches To Pain Assessment, Huize Xue

Dissertations

This dissertation introduces novel advancements in electrochemical kinetics and pain assessment, structured into two main parts. The first part focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the kinetic and mechanistic aspects of electrochemical reactions, utilizing a combination of experimental techniques and simulation methods. A new software tool, Envismetrics, was developed using Python to facilitate the analysis of complex electrochemical data, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and hydrodynamic voltammetry (HDV). The software was rigorously tested and validated with well-characterized redox systems such as the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide couple, dimethylamine borane (DMAB), and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). It was successfully used to determine …

Gas-Generating Reactive Materials: Design, Evaluation And Effect Of Morphology On Their Ignition And Combustion, Purvam Mehulkumar Gandhi

Dissertations

This work investigates optimizing gas-generating reactive materials, focusing on particle morphology's effect on ignition and combustion behavior. Metal-based gas-generating energetic materials (EMs) are promising alternatives to replace traditional CHNO compounds. Design of advanced metal-based EMs requires consistent ways of evaluating how their characteristics affect their ignition and combustion. Many relevant evaluation approaches exist; however, the results may be difficult to compare directly across different studies. Commonly, experimentalists ignite metal-based EMs in enclosed chambers and report pressures, P. However, direct comparison of these pressures is hindered by variations in the chamber volume, V, and the EM mass, m. To standardize the …

Decomposition Of Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (Dimp) Exposed To Elevated Temperatures And Combustion Products Of Reactive Materials, Elif Irem Senyurt

Dissertations

The safe and efficient destruction of chemical weapon agents (CWAs) stockpiles remains a critical global challenge. Understanding the thermophysical properties, decomposition mechanisms, and interactions of CWAs with their environment is crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate their threats. Diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) and Dimethyl methylphosphonate are commonly used nerve agent surrogates. This dissertation focuses on DIMP and DMMP, investigates their properties and behavior under conditions relevant to prompt defeat scenarios.

The thermophysical properties of DIMP and DMMP were experimentally characterized, including vapor-liquid surface tension (3-60 °C) and viscosities of neat and aqueous solutions. Results revealed significant non-ideal behavior in aqueous …

Single-Step Synthesis Of Activated Carbon From Arabica Spent Coffee Ground Using K2co3 As Activator Agent, Ghina Ivana Mieldan, Yuliusman Yuliusman

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Activated carbon is a nanomaterial that is often used as an effective adsorbent. Activated carbon raw materials can use biomass, such as coffee grounds, which can be found along with the growth of public interest in coffee drinks. Chemical activators are used for activation to increase biomass carbon's adsorption capacity. Using K₂CO₃ activator to increase the specific surface area of activated carbon is more harmless than KOH. The use of spent coffee grounds as carbon source and food additive K₂CO₃ as an activator can make food-grade activated carbon that can be used for food. …

Effect Of Alkyd And Polyester Resin Compositions On Corrosion Resistance, Blistering, And Adhesion In Utilization Of Oily Sludge As Anti-Rust Coating Material, Gerets Land Kakalang, Yohanes David Kristianto, Johny Wahyuadi Mudaryoto

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Oil sludge is a waste derived from upstream and downstream activities of the oil and gas industry which is estimated at 10,000 tonnes generated from all PERTAMINA downstream activities spread across various fields, processing units and depots throughout Indonesia. Oil sludge has the same characteristics as asphalt, where asphalt in previous studies can be used as an anti-rust coating, so that the handling of oily sludge can be topped up by reusing and having its own added value. The purpose of this research is to utilise waste oily sludge as an alternative anti-rust coating material and compare alkyd resin and …

A Comparative Study Of Conventional And Statistically Active Corrosion Methods For Corrosion Growth Assessment Of A 24-Inch Gas Pipeline, Rudi Rinaldi, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Component failures in oil and gas pipelines can have fatal consequences, leading to operational downtimes and environmental damage. Knowledge of the corrosion growth rate is fundamental to pipeline integrity management, as it is essential for risk assessment and decisions related to asset management. This article aimed to compare two approaches for the corrosion growth estimation of the 24-inch offshore gas pipeline: the conventional method versus the Statistically Active Corrosion (SAC) method. This article is based on the in-line inspection (ILI) results of two consecutive assessments from 2020 to 2023 of the entire 73 km of the pipeline. The results show …

Comparative Analysis Of Risk-Based And Time-Based Inspection Application In Hydrocarbon And Chemical Industries: A Review, Azizar Azizar, Nofrijon Sofyan

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

RBI and TBI strategies are comparatively reviewed in terms of their contribution to maintaining asset integrity for asset owners in the hydrocarbon and chemical industries. The objective is to assess various methods on a cost-efficient and risk-managed operational safety basis. It utilizes common industry standards such as API 580 for RBI, and API 510, API 570, and API 653 for TBI, and also case studies and literature analysis. The analysis of data was conducted to examine how each approach deals with inspection planning and decision-making. They suggest that RBI's risk-based prioritization strategy leads to more effective management of high-risk assets, …

High-Frequency Gold Price Forecasting: Optimizing Multi-Layer Perceptron With Genetic Algorithm, Vrtagic Sabahudin, Fatih Dogan

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accurately forecasting gold price actions is critical in financial markets due to gold's role as a safe-haven asset. This paper addresses the challenge of forecasting gold prices by applying a Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model. The research exploits historical financial data from various instruments, including gold futures, Bitcoin, and key currency pairs, to improve prediction accuracy. By optimizing the MLP's hyper parameters through GA, the model efficiently captures complex relationships in high-frequency data, achieving a remarkable R² score of 0.9993. This level of precision demonstrates the model's potential for providing actionable insights for traders and investors. …

Cropsync: Ai-Powered Sustainable Crop Management, Ziad Doughan, Ibrahim Mneimneh, Zouheir Nakouzi, Noor Al Khaib, Samer Damaj, Jamal Chaaban, Hamza Mrad, Sari Itani

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

CropSync is a smart agriculture system that uses AI and IoT technologies to enable sustain- able crop management and precision farming. The system aims to address the challenges faced by the agriculture sector, such as increasing food production to meet global population demands while minimizing environmental impact. CropSync integrates sensors, cameras, and cloud-based analytics to provide farmers with real-time insights and recommendations for optimizing crop cul- tivation. The system upholds engineering professional and ethical standards, considering broader social, environmental, and economic implications. From a social perspective, CropSync improves food security and enhances farmers’ livelihoods through increased productivity and efficient re- …

A Quantitative Approach To Evaluating Multi-Event Resilience In Oil Pipeline Incidents, Labiba N. Asha, Nita Yodo, Ying Huang

Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study introduces a quantitative approach to evaluating the resilience of oil pipeline systems against various natural and physical disruptions. Resilience is increasingly essential in critical infrastructure to ensure continuous operations and minimize disruption impacts. However, existing quantitative methods often need specific time-dependent data, making measuring resilience in pipeline infrastructure challenging. To address this gap, this paper proposed a comprehensive framework by integrating the existing incident database with key features of assessing failure probabilities based on historical events and developing multi-event resilience indicators based on system performance under various disruptions. The methodology employs event tree analysis to quantify the probabilities …

All-Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries: A Leading Contender In The Next-Generation Battery Race, Rui-Jie Zhu, Ze-Chen Li, Wei Zhang, Akira Nasu, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Masaki Matsui

Journal of Electrochemistry

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using ceramic electrolytes are considered the ideal form of rechargeable batteries due to their high energy density and safety. However, in the pursuit of all-solid-state LIBs, the issue of lithium resource availability is selectively overlooked. Considering that the amount of lithium required for all-solid-state LIBs is not sustainable with current lithium resources, another system that also offers the dual advantages of high energy density and safety— all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) —holds significant sustainable advantages and is likely to be the strong contender in the competition for developing next-generation high-energy-density batteries. This article briefly introduces the research …

Contributions To Journal Of Electrochemistry, The Flagship Journal Of Chinese Chemical Society Electrochemical Committee, Will Be Listed As A New Recommendation Policy For China Youth Awards Of Electrochemist, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Dendrite-Free Strategies For Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Structure, Electrolyte, And Separator, Gang Wu, Wu-Hai Yang, Yang Yang, Hui-Jun Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Continued growth in energy demand and increased environmental pollution constitute major challenges that need to be addressed urgently. The development and utilization of renewable, sustainable, and clean energy sources, such as wind and solar, are crucial. However, the instability of these intermittent energy sources makes the need for energy storage systems increasingly urgent. Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have received widespread attention due to their unique advantages, such as high energy density, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and safety. However, AZIBs face significant challenges, mainly the formation of zinc dendrites that seriously affect the stability and lifetime of the batteries, leading to battery …

Electrochemical-Method-Induced Strong Metal-Support Interaction In Pt-Cnt@Sno2 For Co-Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction, Shen-Zhou Li, Zi-Jie Lin, Qi-An Chen, Zhao Cai, Qing Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Inducing the classic strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) is an effective approach to enhance the performance of supported metal catalysts by encapsulating the metal nanoparticles (NPs) with supports. Conventional thermal reduction method for inducing SMSI processes is often accompanied by undesirable structural evolution of metal NPs. In this study, a mild electrochemical method has been developed as a new approach to induce SMSI, using the cable structured core@shell CNT@SnO₂ loaded Pt NPs as a proof of concept. The induced SnO_x encapsulation layer on the surface of Pt NPs can protect Pt NPs from the poisoned of CO impurity in …

A Comparative Study Between Soft Structures And Hard Structures For The Protection Of Egypt’S Coastlines Against Climate Change, Donia Eldwib

Theses and Dissertations

Coastal communities worldwide face unprecedented threats from climate change, with rising sea levels, increased storm intensities, and accelerated coastal erosion posing significant risks. Egypt, with over 3,000 kilometers of coastlines along the Mediterranean and Red Seas, it is particularly vulnerable due to its densely populated and economically critical low-elevated coastal zones. With the Mediterranean Sea, and the Nile Delta specifically under huge threats, this study examines the different coastal protection strategies used to address these climate change impacts. Different coastal protection structures have been used throughout the years starting with the well-known hard structures moving on to greener alternatives such …

Effect Of Different Pressures On Polymer Flow At A Contraction Path: A Real-Time Numerical Approach, Muhammad Afiq Azmi, Zulkifli Mohamad Ariff, Raa Khimi Shuib, Arjulizan Rusli, Ku Marsilla Ku Ishak, Mohamad Danial Shafiq, Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid, Zulfirdaus Zakaria, Muhamad Husaini Abu Bakar, Muhammad Khalil Abdullah

Makara Journal of Technology

The complexity of polymer flow through a contraction arises from the simultaneous occurrence of shear and elongational strains near the entrance of the contraction path (die). Although this phenomenon has been extensively studied, the effect of plunger motion on the flow toward the contraction path remains underexplored. This study investigated the rheological behavior of thermoplastic polymers at a contraction flow path to enhance the understanding of their flow and rheological behavior, including variations in velocity, pressure, viscosity, and shear rate under varying loads. Polypropylene (PP), a semicrystalline polymer with a low melting point, was used as the test material. The …

Capacity Of Self Compact Concrete Walls Using Attapulgite As A Partial Replacement Of Cement Under One Way And Two Way Action Restriction, Wissam Kadhim Alsaraj, Luma Abdul Ghani Zghair, Akhlas Hashem Mohammed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This investigation about the structural performance of sustainable self-compact concrete walls exposed to eccentric axial regularly dispersed loading, including the effect of aspect ratio (AR) and slenderness ratio (λ) by one-way and two-way action. The experimental program includes testing ten wall panels, the eccentricity of the loading system equivalent to one-sixth of depth. These wall panels are separated into four groups, each one consisting of three specimens. first and second groups clarify the aspect ratio (H/L) effect. The results indicated for decreasing AR from (0.75 to 0.625), (0.625 to 0.5), and (0.75 to 0.5), the increase of final load is …

Exploring The Benefits Of Feature Selection Based On Bat Algorithm And Deep Learning In Brain Cancer Diagnosis, Noor Fawzi Shafiq

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Brain cancer is considered one of the most dangerous types that must be treated as soon as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to detect brain cancer in its early stages to enhance the diagnosis of the condition. This study proposes to combine the bat algorithm (BA) with deep learning methods to identify and classify brain tumors in medical images accurately.

In this paper, the bat algorithm was used to select distinctive features from the input brain images. The Bat Algorithm (BA) is a metaheuristic optimization algorithm that mimics the echolocation behavior of bats. It efficiently explores the feature space to …

Unveiling The Hidden Threat: How Wireless Networks Fuel Serious Cyber Attacks, Ibtesam Jomaa Hawi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The spread of wireless networks has led to an increase in serious cyber attacks due to their weak architecture. This article focuses on reevaluating cybersecurity in wireless network technology by integrating statistical information detection methods and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. To construct a wireless networking scenario that accurately reflects real-life conditions, we created a data fabrication that included four pre-existing anomalies as well as four newly introduced anomalies. The synthetic dataset created from these generation processes contains 20 thousand distinguishable values, which are later divided into training and validation sets. Using the strategy described before, we began to analyze the …

A Study On Improving The Accuracy And Effectiveness Of Similarity Detection Processes In Text Files Using Nlp Techniques, Noor Abdulmuttaleb Jaafar

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The rapid expansion of the Internet has revolutionized access to information, especially in the area of unstructured data, most of which consists of textual content. While instant access to information brings many advantages, it has also given rise to a prevalent problem – plagiarism. Copying and reusing materials without proper permission poses a significant threat to academic integrity and integrity. Rates of plagiarism, especially in academic and scientific publications, have risen with the advent of the Internet, reaching alarming levels, such as 60% in student projects. This study examines the proposed model that includes computation of similarity using cosine coefficients, …