Engineering Commons^™

Cloud-Aided Wireless Systems: Communications And Radar Applications, Shahrouz Khalili

Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on cloud-assisted radio technologies for communication, including mobile cloud computing and Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), and for radar systems.

This dissertation first concentrates on cloud-aided communications. Mobile cloud computing, which allows mobile users to run computationally heavy applications on battery limited devices, such as cell phones, is considered initially. Mobile cloud computing enables the offloading of computation-intensive applications from a mobile device to a cloud processor via a wireless interface. The interplay between offloading decisions at the application layer and physical-layer parameters, which determine the energy and latency associated with the mobile-cloud communication, motivates the inter-layer …

Instruction Fusion And Vector Processor Virtualization For Higher Throughput Simultaneous Multithreaded Processors, Yaojie Lu

Dissertations

The utilization wall, caused by the breakdown of threshold voltage scaling, hinders performance gains for new generation microprocessors. To alleviate its impact, an instruction fusion technique is first proposed for multiscalar and many-core processors. With instruction fusion, similar copies of an instruction to be run on multiple pipelines or cores are merged into a single copy for simultaneous execution. Instruction fusion applied to vector code enables the processor to idle early pipeline stages and instruction caches at various times during program implementation with minimum performance degradation, while reducing the program size and the required instruction memory bandwidth. Instruction fusion is …

On Greening Optical Access Networks, Mina Taheri Hosseinabadi

Dissertations

With the remarkable growth of fiber-based services, the number of FTTx subscribers has been dramatically increasing in recent years. Owing to the environmental concern, reducing energy consumption of optical access networks has become an important issue for network designers. In Ethernet passive optical network (EPON), the optical line terminal (OLT) located at the central office broadcasts the downstream traffic to all optical network units (ONUs), each of which checks all arrival downstream packets to obtain those destined to itself. Since traffic of ONUs changes dynamically, properly defining the sleep mode for idle ONUs can potentially save a significant amount of …

Simulation Of A Low Voltage Customer Microgrid Using Petri Nets, Joshua Mark

Theses

With renewable energy coming to the forefront of how power is generated and delivered to the modern consumer, Microgrids are emerging as an optimal and efficient method for implementing renewables and changing the infrastructure of the dated transmission and distribution grid. This thesis work presents mathematical models of Petri Nets for the simulation of a low voltage customer Microgrid. Using previous work created in this specific field, a Hybrid Petri Net is modified such that it consists of multiple distributed generators, storage, and the utility which is referred to as the main distribution grid in this thesis. A Discrete Petri …

Optimum Distance Between Ground Base Stations For High-Speed Train Communications Using Free-Space Optical Laser Links, Sina Fathi Kazerooni

Theses

High-Speed trains (HSTs) can travel at speeds up to 430 Km/h. The increasing adoption rate of HSTs, and large number of Internet-connected digital devices, pose a great demand for a fast and reliable Internet connection in high-speed trains. Different radio-frequency (RF) wireless communication systems have been studied for HSTs. However, RF wireless communications in high-speed mobility environments suffer from frequent handovers, penetration loss, and Doppler effect. These problems promote the use of other technologies such as free-space optical (FSO) communications to provide reliable Internet connection for HST’s passengers.

Two different approaches for performing signal handover using FSO technology for ground …

Energetic Behavior Of Resistive Random-Access Memory Cells, Christopher M. Bisbee

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

In order to investigate the switching characteristics of Resistive Random Access Memory cells (ReRAM) in terms of their thermodynamic free energy properties, we need to build a number of models that replicate the system. This report contains the models used to investigate filament growth patterns based on different boundary conditions applied to the electrode-filament system. Using Comsol Multiphysics software, we determined that when a fixed voltage is applied to each electrode in the electrode-filament system, we should expect filament dissolution that resets our cells into the High Resistance State (HRS). If we instead fix a set amount of charge on …

A General Framework Of Large-Scale Convex Optimization Using Jensen Surrogates And Acceleration Techniques, Soysal Degirmenci

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

In a world where data rates are growing faster than computing power, algorithmic acceleration based on developments in mathematical optimization plays a crucial role in narrowing the gap between the two. As the scale of optimization problems in many fields is getting larger, we need faster optimization methods that not only work well in theory, but also work well in practice by exploiting underlying state-of-the-art computing technology.

In this document, we introduce a unified framework of large-scale convex optimization using Jensen surrogates, an iterative optimization method that has been used in different fields since the 1970s. After this general treatment, …

Utilization Of Distributed Generation In Power System Peak Hour Load Shedding Reduction, Nandu Balachandran

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

An approach to utilize Distributed Generation (DG) to minimize the total load shedding by analyzing the power system in Transactive energy framework is proposed. An algorithm to optimize power system in forward and spot markets to maximize an electric utility’s profit by optimizing purchase of power from DG is developed. The proposed algorithm is a multi-objective optimization with the main objective to maximize a utility’s profit by minimizing overall cost of production, load shedding, and purchase of power from distributed generators. This work also proposes a method to price power in forward and spot markets using existing LMP techniques. Transactive …

Sensitivity Analysis Of Synchronous Generators For Real-Time Simulation, Sowmya Munukuntla

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to validate generator models for dynamic studies of power systems using PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineering), EMTP (ElectroMagnetic Transient Program), and Hypersim. To thoroughly evaluate the behavior of a power system in the three specified software packages, it is necessary to have an accurate model for the power system, especially the generator which is of interest. The effect of generator modeling on system response under normal conditions and under faulted conditions is investigated in this work. A methodology based on sensitivity analysis of generator model parameters is proposed aiming to homogenize the behavior …

Test Plan For Real-Time Modeling & Simulation Of Single Pole Switching Relays, Ram Mohan Sanaboyina

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

A real-time simulator (RTS) with digital and analog input/output modules is used to conduct hardware-in-the-loop simulations to evaluate performance of power system equipment such as protective relays by exposing the equipment to the simulated realistic operating conditions. This work investigates the use of RTS to test relays with single-pole-switching (SPS) feature. Single-pole switching can cause misoperations due to fault arc during reclosing of the breakers. Through this investigation, a test procedure appropriate for the testing SPS relays has been developed. The test procedure includes power system modeling for real time simulation, relay test setup, and test plan. HYPERSIM real-time simulator …

Wireless Authentication Of Smart Doors Using Rfid, Austin A. Hentrup, Deyi Lu, Peter R. Roldan

Honors Thesis

In an increasingly interconnected world, the traditional metal lock-and-key method of securing homes and businesses is becoming more outdated and inconvenient when compared to modern solutions. Modern systems are smarter, faster, lighter, more secure and more integrated than ever before. Though the costs of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) are shrinking overall, professional solutions remain prohibitively expensive. The aim of this project is to develop an inexpensive, secure, and internet-enabled RFID door authentication system. This is to transparently investigate the design limitations for these systems and help determine the ultimate feasibility of RFID growing to define the modern door-authentication standard.

Modular Design Of An Educational Robotics Platform, Zhen Wei

Graduate Theses - Electrical and Computer Engineering

The goal of this thesis is to design a modular educational robotics platform to improve the limitation of current educational robotics platforms, such as limited pins, single programming language, and single programming device. This platform uses an SPI bus for modularity and to solve the problem of limited pins on current educational robot platforms. A Raspberry Pi, which runs a 32bit Embedded Linux System, has been used to build the central control for this educational robotics platform to enable it to use different programming languages and to be programmed by different devices. The modules and libraries for stepper motors and …

Histogram Of Oriented Phase (Hop): A New Descriptor Based On Phase Congruency, Hussin Ragb, Vijayan K. Asari

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper we present a low level image descriptor called Histogram of Oriented Phase based on phase congruency concept and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Since the phase of the signal conveys more information regarding signal structure than the magnitude, the proposed descriptor can precisely identify and localize image features over the gradient based techniques, especially in the regions affected by illumination changes. The proposed features can be formed by extracting the phase congruency information for each pixel in the image with respect to its neighborhood. Histograms of the phase congruency values of the local regions in the image …

Smart Gate Driver Design For Silicon (Si) Igbts And Silicon-Carbide (Sic) Mosfets, Abdulaziz Alghanem

Electrical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The design of an efficient and smart gate driver for a Si IGBT and SiC MOSFET is addressed in thesis. First, the main IGBT parameters are evaluated thoroughly in order to understand their effects in the design of the gate driver. All known consequences of previously designed gate drivers are studied in order to achieve an optimum gate driver. As a result of this assessment, the designer is able to determine whether adding or removing components from the gate driver circuit are beneficial or not. Then, exhaustive research is done to identify suitable integrated circuits to use for the power …

Design Of Smartseat Car Seat Safety System To Prevent Child Vehicular Heat Stroke, Alexis D. Lamott

Electrical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Child vehicular heatstroke deaths continue to be a preventable accident seen yearly. As such, a proposed safety system has been designed to monitor environmental temperatures and weight in an infant seat, to alert guardians that a young child is at risk of child vehicular heatstroke death or serious heatstroke related injury. The SmartSeat system is comprised of three separate printed circuit boards that work in unison to form the overall system.

Numerical And Analytical Modeling To Determine Performance Trade-Offs In Hydrogel-Based Ph Sensors, Piyush Dak, Muhammad Ashraful Alam

Birck and NCN Publications

Hydrogel based pH sensors are promising candidates for implantable sensors due to their low-cost and biocompatibility. Despite their commercial potential and numerous theoretical/experimental reports, the trade-offs between different performance parameters are not well understood, and explicitly stated. In this work, we develop a numerical and analytical framework to show that there is a fundamental trade-off between the performance parameters i.e. sensitivity/dynamic range vs. response-time/response-asymmetry in hydrogel sensors under constrained swelling conditions. Specifically, we consider the effect of the gel parameters, such as the ionizable group density ( N_f) and its dissociation constant ( K_a), on the …

Usb-Powered Turntable "Turn T", Gerardo Sevilla, James Lougaris

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Automated Data Acquisition Of Deet Time-Dependent Concentration Profiles, Ryan D. Coleman

Honors Theses

Spatial insect repellents must maintain a sufficient concentration in the vapor phase to successfully deter pests. However, little is known regarding correlation of concentration to efficacy nor does there exist a standard testing protocol to measure efficacy in air. Among existing spatial repellents, DEET is the most common active ingredient. This research focuses on application of sensor-based technologies to monitor the concentration levels of DEET under static conditions.

Metal oxide semiconductor sensors feature conductivity variance in response to absorption and desorption of volatile organic compounds. Advantages of these sensors include cost, versatility, and sensitivity. Metal oxide semiconductor sensors were chosen …

High Step-Up/Down Transformerless Multilevel Converter For Renewable Energy Applications, Haider Ghazi Mhiesan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis focuses on a high step-up/down transformerless dc-dc modular multilevel converter (MMC) that would be applicable to dc power systems. The design achieves high voltage ratios for interfacing renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and line interactive Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) systems. The circuit topology provides for high step-up/down dc-dc conversion ratios using an MMC approach operating in resonant mode in order to improve overall efficiency. This topology operates to step-up the input voltage with 1:10 or larger conversion ratio. As a bidirectional converter, it also provides step-down capability at the same voltage ratio (10:1 or greater). The MMC …

Conversion Of Digital Circuits Labs, Caleb N. Taber

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The engineering technology department at ETSU currently lacks a modern method to teach digital circuits. The aim of this thesis is to convert our current digital circuits labs to equivalent labs suited to run on the Basys 3. The Basys has several advantages over the aging NI Elvis boards (and now just breadboards) currently in use. The first advantage is that the Basys gives students a taste of FPGA programming without being overwhelmingly; like the systems currently in place for the digital signal processing class. The Basys is also a more modern system; our current integrated circuit and breadboard system …

Ism S-Band Cubesat Radio Designed For The Polysat System Board, Craig Lee Francis

Master's Theses

Cal Poly’s PolySat CubeSat satellites have begun to conduct more complex and scientifically significant experiments. The large data products generated by these missions demonstrate the necessity for higher data rate communication than currently provided by the PolySat UHF radio. This thesis leverages the proliferation of consumer wireless monolithic transceivers to develop a 250kbps to 2000kbps, 2W CubeSat radio operating within the 2.45GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio band.

Estimating a link budget for a realistic CubeSat leads to the conclusion that this system will require a large deployable CubeSat antenna, large earth station satellite dish, and a fine-pointing attitude …

Hallmarks Of The Mott-Metal Crossover In The Hole-Doped Pseudospin-1/2 Mott Insulator Sr2Iro4, Yue Cao, Qiang Wang, Justin A. Waugh, Theodore J. Reber, Haoxiang Li, Xiaoqing Zhou, Stephen Parham, S. -R. Park, Nicholas C. Plumb, Eli Rotenberg, Aaron Bostwick, Jonathan D. Denlinger, Tongfei Qi, Michael A. Hermele, Gang Cao, Daniel S. Dessau

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The physics of doped Mott insulators remains controversial after decades of active research, hindered by the interplay among competing orders and fluctuations. It is thus highly desired to distinguish the intrinsic characters of the Mott-metal crossover from those of other origins. Here we investigate the evolution of electronic structure and dynamics of the hole-doped pseudospin-1/2 Mott insulator Sr₂IrO₄. The effective hole doping is achieved by replacing Ir with Rh atoms, with the chemical potential immediately jumping to or near the top of the lower Hubbard band. The doped iridates exhibit multiple iconic low-energy features previously observed …

Solar Tracking And Lighting Design For A Multimedia Sculpture, Alexandra Ferguson

Honors Theses

A lighting system utilizing solar energy was built to illuminate a wireframe multimedia sculpture. Increased power generation from the solar cells was achieved using a solar tracking mechanism. Color-selectable light emitting diodes were used to provide the user with unlimited customization options. A digital control system was designed using an Arduino® microcontroller to configure the color of the lights and the positioning of the solar panel. The sculpture will create a sense of community and sustainability among students at the school.

Life Alert System For Vulnerable Adults Who Live Alone, Bohyun Ahn

Undergraduate Research Symposium

As medical technology and the standard of living have improved, the number of vulnerable adults who live alone has increased. Asking for help themselves may be impossible if they have a medical or life issue. Some accidents may go unnoticed for individuals living alone. When accidents regarding vulnerable adults occur, it may take days or weeks to become known by family or neighbors. To solve this problem, a life alert system was designed for vulnerable adults in their homes. To demonstrate the system, A fusion of different sensors were set up in a booth to detect the user’s motion over …

Impact Of Clustering Microgrids On Their Stability And Resilience During Blackouts, Mahmoud S. Saleh, Ammar Althaibani, Yusef Esa, Yassine Mhandi, Ahmed Mohamed

Publications and Research

In this paper, the impact of clustering multiple microgrids during blackouts, on their stability and supply availability, will be investigated. Microgrids have the capability of satisfying their emergency loads during blackouts. However, distributed energy resources (DERs)-dominated microgrids are affected by the uncertainty of their input energy supply, e.g. impact of solar irradiance on photovoltaic (PV) output. Moreover, an individual islanded microgrid is prone to instability issues due to large sudden load/generation changes. In order to increase the supply security, and enhance system stability, we propose to use the existing distribution grid infrastructure, if applicable, during blackouts to form microgrid clusters. …

Diffractive Propagation And Recovery Of Modulated (Including Chaotic) Electromagnetic Waves Through Uniform Atmosphere And Modified Von Karman Phase Turbulence, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fathi H.A. Mohamed

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In a parallel approach to recently-used transfer function formalism, a study involving diffraction of modulated electromagnetic (EM) waves through uniform and phase-turbulent atmospheres is reported in this paper. Specifically, the input wave is treated as a modulated optical carrier, represented by use of a sinusoidal phasor with a slowly timevarying envelope. Using phasors and (spatial) Fourier transforms, the complex phasor wave is transmitted across a uniform or turbulent medium using the Kirchhoff-Fresnel integral and the random phase screen.

Some preliminary results are presented comparing non-chaotic and chaotic information transmission through turbulence, outlining possible improvement in performance utilizing the robust features …

A Comparison Of American, Norwegian, And Russian Standards In Calculating The Wall Thickness Of Submarine Gas Pipeline, Cindy Dianita, Tatyana Vladimirovna Dmitrieva

Makara Journal of Technology

One of the key issues in the pipeline design is wall thickness calculation. This paper highlights a comparison of wall thickness calculation methods of submarine gas pipeline based on Norwegian Standard (DNV-OS-F101), Indonesian Standard SNI 3474 which refers to American Standard (ASME B31.8), and Russian Standard (VN39-1.9-005-98). A calculation of wall thickness for a submarine gas pipeline in Indonesia (pressure 12 MPa, external diameter 668 mm) gives the results of 18.2 mm (VN39-1.9-005-98), 16 mm (ASME B31.8), and 13.5 mm (DNV-OS-F101).The design formula of hoop stress due to internal pressure is interpreted in different ways for every standard. Only Norwegian …

Large-Area Object Search And Recovery Using Sector-Based Aerial Acousto-Optic Scanning And Reflection Sensing, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Salaheddeen G. Bugoffa

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A sector-based angular scanning system intended to identify and spatially locate relatively small objects scattered over a large terrain is described in this paper. The system is modeled as a planar surface on the horizontal (XY) plane, with an acousto-optic Bragg cell on board an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operating in the XZ plane.

The Bragg cell is excited by a chirped RF signal with a designed frequency ramp. As the scanning beam reflects off the horizontal surface, a detector placed strategically at a suitable altitude (in the analysis shown to be on board the UAV itself) picks up the …

Texture Analysis Using The Neutron Diffraction Method On The Non Standardized Austenitic Steel Process By Machining,Annealing, And Rolling, Tri Hardi Priyanto, Parikin Parikin, Meijuan Li

Makara Journal of Technology

Austenitic steel is one type of stainless steel which is widely used in the industry. Many studies on austenitic stainless steel have been performed to determine the physical properties using various types of equipment and methods. In this study, the neutron diffraction method is used to characterize the materials which have been made from minerals extracted from the mines in Indonesia. The materials consist of a granular ferro-scrap, nickel, ferro-chrome, ferro-manganese, and ferro-silicon added with a little titanium. Characterization of the materials was carried out in three processes, namely: machining, annealing, and rolling. Experimental results obtained from the machining process …

Utilizing Brain-Computer Interfacing To Control Neuroprosthetic Devices, Cheyne J. Angy

Senior Honors Theses

Advances in neuroprosthetics in recent years have made an enormous impact on the quality of life for many people with disabilities, helping them regain the functionality of damaged or impaired abilities. One of the main hurdles to regaining full functionality regarding neuroprosthetics is the integration between the neural prosthetic device and the method in which the neural prosthetic device is controlled or manipulated to function correctly and efficiently. One of the most promising methods for integrating neural prosthetics to an efficient method of control is through Brian-computer Interfacing (BCI). With this method, the neuroprosthetic device is integrated into the human …