Engineering Commons^™

Shape Memory Alloy Capsule Micropump For Drug Delivery Applications, Youssef Mohamed Kotb

Theses and Dissertations

Implantable drug delivery devices have many benefits over traditional drug administration techniques and have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. By delivering the medication directly to the tissue, they enable the use of larger localized concentrations, enhancing the efficacy of the treatment. Passive-release drug delivery systems, one of the various ways to provide medication, are great inventions. However, they cannot dispense the medication on demand since they are nonprogrammable. Therefore, active actuators are more advantageous in delivery applications. Smart material actuators, however, have greatly increased in popularity for manufacturing wearable and implantable micropumps due to their high energy …

Design Of High Efficiency Doherty Power Amplifier, Kobi G. Kelly, Severin Pindell

Electrical Engineering

The project includes design and fabrication of a high efficiency power amplifier for a student design competition held at International Microwave Symposium (IMS) 2023. Efficient power amplifiers are critical for base station communication requiring efficient use of available power. The final design optimizes power added efficiency (PAE) and linearity. The amplifier will operate at 2.45 GHz. Competitive PAE above 50%, and C/I above 30 dB is achieved by leveraging a Doherty class amplifier using accurate discrete CGH4006P transistor models to simulate an efficient and linear design. Unique design features include optimal transistor bias point selection and power split ratios between …

Low Cost Magnetometer Calibration And Distributed Simultaneous Multipoint Ionospheric Measurements From A Sounding Rocket Platform, Joshua W. Milford

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Low-cost and low-size-weight-and-power (SWaP) magnetometers can provide greater accessibility for distributed simultaneous measurements in the ionosphere, either onboard sounding rockets or on CubeSats. The Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Laboratory (SAIL) at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University has launched a multitude of sounding rockets in recent history: one night-time mid-latitude rocket from Wallops Flight Facility in August 2022 and three mid-latitude rockets from White Sands Missile Range during the October 2023 annular solar eclipse. All rockets had a comprehensive suite of instruments for electrodynamics and neutral dynamics measurements. Among this suite was one science-grade three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (Billingsley TFM65VQS / TFM100G2) and up …

Plc Course Development, Leonard Hernandez, Jacqueline Grace Radding

Electrical Engineering

The goal of this project is to design and construct the first lab experiment for the newly developed EE435 laboratory course. The experiment entails PLC programming to automate LED lighting in a simulated building. Starting with why PLCs are used, how to use the interface of EcoStruxure Control Expert V15.0 and practice using logic to control the dimming of a Light Emitting Diode (LED) to sustain a certain number of lumens consistent in a zone. Through the lab manual developed in this project, students will gain experience of creating logic designs using Function Block Diagram (FBD) and learn the layout …

Improvements Of Hybrid Ac/Dc House Prototype, Arden Abude

Electrical Engineering

This is an iteration from previous designs of the Hybrid AC/DC House with a systematic addition of a portable AC power supply unit. This iteration for the Hybrid AC/DC House is an innovation of independence for sustainable housing solutions. It will serve as an alternative for rural communities needing power to rely on self-sustainable microgrids rather than large-scale AC electric grids. The addition of a portable AC power supply would allow the microgrid to remove its reliance on AC power from the larger grid and would elevate the system to complete energy independence. The microgrid has DC power generated from …

Enhancing Grid Reliability With Coordination And Control Of Distributed Energy Resources, Hani Mavalizadeh

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

The growing utilization of renewable energy resources (RES) within power systems has brought about new challenges due to the inherent uncertainty associated with RES, which makes it challenging to accurately forecast available generation. Further- more, the replacement of synchronous machines with inverter-based RES results in a reduction of power system inertia, complicating the task of maintaining a balance between generation and consumption. In this dissertation, coordinating Distributed Energy Resources (DER) is presented as a viable solution to these challenges.DERs have the potential to offer different ancillary services such as fast frequency response (FFR) when efficiently coordinated. However, the practical implementation …

Investigation Of Software Defined Radio And Deep Learning For Ground Penetrating Radar, Yan Zhang

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a non-invasive geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. This technology is widely used to detect and map subsurface structures, utilities, and features without the need for physical excavation. Traditional GPR systems, which rely on fixed radio frequency electronics like Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), have significant limitations in their flexibility and adaptability. Adjusting operational parameters such as waveform, frequency, and modulation schemes is challenging, which is crucial for tailoring performance to specific tasks or conditions. The considerable size and weight of these systems restrict their applicability in harsh or confined spaces where …

Reinventing Integrated Photonic Devices And Circuits For High Performance Communication And Computing Applications, Venkata Sai Praneeth Karempudi

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The long-standing technological pillars for computing systems evolution, namely Moore's law and Von Neumann architecture, are breaking down under the pressure of meeting the capacity and energy efficiency demands of computing and communication architectures that are designed to process modern data-centric applications related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Internet-of-Things (IoT). In response, both industry and academia have turned to 'more-than-Moore' technologies for realizing hardware architectures for communication and computing. Fortunately, Silicon Photonics (SiPh) has emerged as one highly promising ‘more-than-Moore’ technology. Recent progress has enabled SiPh-based interconnects to outperform traditional electrical interconnects, offering advantages like high bandwidth density, …

Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Zero Power Sensor/Harvester For Smart Grid Applications, Zeynel Guler

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This study presents a flexible sensor/harvester device to be used in both electromagnetic sensing and energy harvesting applications for smart grids. When a current passes through a wire, the sensor detects the magnetic field created by that current. The sensor magnet interacts with the wire magnetic field resulting in a transfer of energy through the piezoelectric cantilever. Piezoelectric, conductive, magnetic, and magnetostrictive composite thin films were prepared to fabricate this device.

Initially, the magnet of the cantilever was optimized considering its shape, thickness, length, taper angle etc. via both simulations and experiments. Peak to peak voltage versus cantilever position graph …

Improved Methodology For Conducted Emi Assessment Of Power Electronics And Line Impedance Measurement, Mark Anthony Didat

Theses and Dissertations

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), primarily common mode (CM), is problematic in a wide range of electronic circuits due to its propensity to radiate, particularly in high power applications. It is routine for much effort and resources to be dedicated to its characterization and reduction as EMI compliance is a requirement for most electronic systems and devices, including power electronics. Many well-known factors contribute to a system’s EMI performance including intentional coupling from system components as well as unintentional coupling from parasitics. Sources of intentional coupling may include Y-capacitors intended to mitigate EMI as part of a filter. Unintentional coupling is more …

Static And Dynamic State Estimation Applications In Power Systems Protection And Control Engineering, Ibukunoluwa Olayemi Korede

Doctoral Dissertations

The developed methodologies are proposed to serve as support for control centers and fault analysis engineers. These approaches provide a dependable and effective means of pinpointing and resolving faults, which ultimately enhances power grid reliability. The algorithm uses the Least Absolute Value (LAV) method to estimate the augmented states of the PCB, enabling supervisory monitoring of the system. In addition, the application of statistical analysis based on projection statistics of the system Jacobian as a virtual sensor to detect faults on transmission lines. This approach is particularly valuable for detecting anomalies in transmission line data, such as bad data or …

Fourier Analysis And Optimization Of Inductive Wireless Power Transfer For Electric Vehicle Charging, Andrew P. Foote

Doctoral Dissertations

With the growth of electric vehicle (EV) popularity, different charging options to increase user convenience and reduce charging time such as high power wireless charging are increasingly being developed and researched. Inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for EVs must meet specifications such as stray field, battery power and voltage operating range, efficiency, and ground clearance. The coil geometry and design have a large impact in meeting these constraints. Typical design approaches include iterative analysis of predetermined coil geometries to identify candidates that meet these constraints.

This work instead directly generates WPT coil shapes and magnetic fields to meet specifications …

Enhancing Power System Flexibility Through Efficient Integration Of Facts And Electric Vehicles, Izaz Zunnurain

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The global transition towards a cleaner and sustainable energy landscape has led to the integration of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs) into the modern power system, along with their complexities. Due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources and rapid growth of EVs, the power grid often experiences congestion, increasing the overall operating cost of the power system and directly jeopardizing the power stability and quality of the grid. A flexible and resilient power infrastructure that can accommodate the intermittency of renewable energy sources and the adoption of EVs is very much required to ensure the reliability …

Development Of Metaheuristic Algorithms For The Efficient Allocation Of Power Flow Control Devices, Eduardo Jose Castillo Fatule

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Use Of Digital Twins To Mitigate Communication Failures In Microgrids, Andrew Eggebeen

Theses and Dissertations

This work investigates digital twin (DT) applications for electric power system (EPS) resilience. A novel DT architecture is proposed consisting of a physical twin, a virtual twin, an intelligent agent, and data communications. Requirements for the virtual twin are identified. Guidelines are provided for generating, capturing, and storing data to train the intelligent agent. The relationship between the DT development process and an existing controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) process is discussed. To demonstrate the proposed DT architecture and development process, a DT for a battery energy storage system (BESS) is created based on the simulation of an industrial nanogrid. The creation …

A Design Strategy To Improve Machine Learning Resiliency Of Physically Unclonable Functions Using Modulus Process, Yuqiu Jiang

Theses and Dissertations

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are hardware security primitives that utilize non-reproducible manufacturing variations to provide device-specific challenge-response pairs (CRPs). Such primitives are desirable for applications such as communication and intellectual property protection. PUFs have been gaining considerable interest from both the academic and industrial communities because of their simplicity and stability. However, many recent studies have exposed PUFs to machine-learning (ML) modeling attacks. To improve the resilience of a system to general ML attacks instead of a specific ML technique, a common solution is to improve the complexity of the system. Structures, such as XOR-PUFs, can significantly increase the nonlinearity …

Cyber-Threat Detection Strategies Governed By An Observer And A Neural-Network For An Autonomous Electric Vehicle, Douglas Scruggs

All Theses

A pathway to prevalence for autonomous electrified transportation is reliant upon accurate and reliable information in the vehicle’s sensor data. This thesis provides insight as to the effective cyber-attack placements on an autonomous electric vehicle’s lateral stability control system (LSCS). Here, Data Integrity Attacks, Replay Attacks, and Denial-of-Service attacks are placed on the sensor data describing the vehicle’s actual yaw-rate and sideslip angle. In this study, there are three different forms of detection methods. These detection methods utilize a residual metric that incorporate sensor data, a state-space observer, and a Neural-Network. The vehicle at hand is a four-motor drive autonomous …

Hybrid Wall Outlet For Ac Or Dc Power Delivery, Garrett Knoller, Kerr Allan, Greg Perini

Electrical Engineering

The goal of this project is to develop hybrid DC and AC wall outlets for an efficient, flexible power interface. A DC plug standard is also proposed to allow DC devices to be safely powered by the outlet with the correct DC voltage for each device. The primary objective is to create a power outlet compatible with the proposed DC plug as well as NEMA 5-15 AC plugs, enabling the same outlet to power both types of load as needed. The outlet is intended for buildings and systems transitioning to an isolated DC grid to encourage DC development and adoption. …

Ism-Band Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Node, Fnu Naveed

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, the interest in remote wireless sensor networks has grown significantly, particularly with the rapid advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) technology. These networks find diverse applications, from inventory tracking to environmental monitoring. In remote areas where grid access is unavailable, wireless sensors are commonly powered by batteries, which imposes a constraint on their lifespan. However, with the emergence of wireless energy harvesting technologies, there is a transformative potential in addressing the power challenges faced by these sensors. By harnessing energy from the surrounding environment, such as solar, thermal, vibrational, or RF sources, these sensors can potentially operate …

Diverse Impacts Of Commercial Ev Charging Load Infrastructure On Electric Power Grid, Antonio Avila

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

With the rising prominence of electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector, this thesis delves into the critical nexus between commercial EVs, charging infrastructure, and their consequential impacts on the power grid. As commercial EVs, particularly medium and heavy-duty variants, gain traction as viable alternatives in the commercial transportation landscape, understanding the intricacies of their charging requirements becomes paramount. This thesis critically examines the technological and logistical dimensions of the charging infrastructure for supporting commercial EVs, evaluating the consequential implications on the power grid and proposing strategies for mitigation through the utilization of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). In tandem with …

Towards A Spaceworthy Cots Graphics Processing Unit: Hardware Performance Counter Based Symptomatic Fault Detection, Antonio E. Teijeiro

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Ionizing radiation remains an obstacle to bringing graphics processing units (GPU) to space. Since radiation-hardened GPU chips are technically infeasible at the moment, an emphasis has been placed on the adaptation of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) GPUs to the space domain. At present, GPU error detection methods require redundant computation. This thesis work explores the utilization of hardware performance counters, special registers useful for monitoring internal GPU hardware events, for symptom-based, lightweight error detection. Hardware performance counters are successfully utilized for the detection of anomalous single event upsets in the L0 instruction cache, the load store unit, the arithmetic and logic unit, …

Investigating Mems Devices In Flow Conditions Relevant To Flow-Through Systems., Mohammad Shafquatul Islam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Advancements in microscale actuating technologies has substantially expanded the possibilities of interacting with the surrounding environment. Microstructures that deflect in response to mechanical forces are one of the largest application areas of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). MEMS devices, functioning as sensors, actuators, and support structures, find applications in inertial sensors, pressure sensors, chemical sensors, and robotics, among others. Driven by the critical role of catalytic membrane reactors, this dissertation aims to evaluate enzyme activity on polymeric membranes and explore how fabrication methods from the field of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) can incorporate sensing and actuation into these porous surfaces. Toward …

A Modular Framework For Surface-Embedded Actuation And Optical Sensing In Soft Robots., Paul Bupe Jr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the development and integration of modular technologies in soft robotics, with a focus on the OptiGap sensor system. OptiGap serves as a simple, flexible, cost-effective solution for real-time sensing of bending and deformation, validated through simulation and experimentation. Working as part of an emerging category of soft robotics called Soft, Curved, Reconfigurable, Anisotropic Mechanisms, or SCRAMs, this research also introduces the Thermally-Activated SCRAM Limb (TASL) technology, which employs shape-memory alloy (SMA) wire embedded in curved sheets for surface actuation and served as the initial inspiration for OptiGap. In addition, the EneGate system is presented as a complementary …

Gpu Based Monte Carlo Estimation Of Eddy Current Losses In Electromagnetic Coil-Core System, Adwaith Ravichandran

Theses and Dissertations

A novel parallelizable probabilistic approach to model eddy currents in AC electromagnets is presented in this research. Consequently, power loss associated with the formation of these eddy currents is estimated and validated using experimental data. Furthermore, predicting the effect of ferromagnetic alternating field enhancement on power loss in the source excitation winding has been an active area of research. Unlike a stationary field, an alternating sinusoidal field diffuses partially into the ferromagnetic material leading to a predictably sub-optimal field enhancement. To model these physics, finite element techniques employ nonlinear iterative solvers which are time consuming. A novel method is developed …

Project Thetis: A Low-Cost, Low-Profile Inertial Data Logger, Braidan Duffy

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis details the design, testing, calibration, and verification of a nine degree of freedom inertial measurement data logger for use with floating bodies. The instrument was conceived to address limitations of equipment used in classes within the Ocean Engineering department at Florida Institute of Technology. By meeting with several stakeholders and end users, a series of stakeholder requirements, capabilities, and component-level requirements were de- veloped that informed the design constraints. There were several hardware iterations of the board, culminating in Revision F5 which was extensively tested and proven. The design was inspected after testing concluded to determine which capabilities …

A Case Study In Cmos Design Scaling For Analog Applications: The Ringamp Ldo, Steven Corum

Masters Theses

As CMOS process nodes scale to smaller feature sizes, process optimizations are made to achieve improvements in digital circuit performance, such as increasing speed and memory, while decreasing power consumption. Unfortunately for analog design, these optimizations usually come at the expense of poorer transistor performance, such as reduced small signal output resistance and increased channel length modulation. The ring amplifier has been proposed as a digital solution to the analog scaling problem, by configuring digital inverters to function as analog amplifiers through deadzone biasing. As digital inverters naturally scale, the ring amplifier is a promising area of exploration for analog …

Refinement And Performance Analysis Of The Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer In Extra Tropical Cyclone Conditions, Jezabel Vilardell Sanchez

Doctoral Dissertations

The Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) is a key instrument for estimation of ocean surface wind speed and rain rate in tropical and extra-tropical cyclones research. Through the observed brightness temperature (TB) over a range of six C-band frequencies, the SFMR derives these key parameters used by hurricane specialists to issue watches and warnings. The information gathered with this instru- ment is also pivotal for post-storm studies and satellite calibrations. Currently, the SFMR requires an average time of 5-10 seconds of averaging to cycle through the six di↵erent frequency channels, so in regions with strong wind/rain gradients such as the …

Analysis Of The Pros And Cons Of The Acquisition Of Training Ships By Metis, Jeremiah Yaw Frimpong

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Chip- And System-Level Reliability On Sic-Based Power Modules, Pengyu Lai

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The blocking voltage, switching frequency and temperature tolerance of power devices have been greatly improved due to the revolution of wide bandgap (WBG) materials, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). Owing to the development of SiC-based power devices, the power rating, operating voltage, and power density of power modules have been significantly improved. However, the reliability of SiC-based power modules has not been fully explored yet. Thus, this dissertation focuses on the chip- and system-level reliability on SiC-based power modules. For chip-level reliability, this work focuses on on-chip SiC ESD protection devices for SiC-based integrated circuits (ICs). …

Distributed Optimization With Limited Communication In Networks With Adversaries, Iyanuoluwa Emiola

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-

We all hope for the best but sometimes, one must plan for ways of dealing with the worst-case scenarios, especially in a network with adversaries. This dissertation illustrates a detailed description of distributed optimization algorithms over a network of agents, in which some agents are adversarial. The model considered is such that adversarial agents act to subvert the objective of the network. The algorithms presented in this dissertation are solved via gradient-based distributed optimization algorithm and the effects of the adversarial agents on the convergence of the algorithm to the optimal solution are characterized. The analyses presented establish conditions under …