Engineering Commons^™

Kentucky Highway Conference Program [1962], Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

The Irish Plumber And Heating Contractor, February 1962 (Complete Issue)

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Pavement Roughness Studies, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

During 1961, the equivalent of about 800 lane-miles of pavement were tested and analyzed. The largest portion of this mileage was on completed Interstate projects. In November, three pavements selected by the Bureau of Public Roads for serviceability-index ratings (6) were tested; and these are discussed briefly in this report.

Periodic surveillance of the roughness of all of the roads presently listed in Tables 1 and 2 is contemplated. New primary and Interstate construction will be included in the future. Thus, each respective project may be eventually characterized by a history of roughness measurements.

An Evaluation Of Four Retarding Admixtures In Structural Concrete, Milton Evans Jr., Ralph R. Waddle

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Early in 1960, the Construction Division was becoming quite concerned with the growing problem of obtaining satisfactorily smooth reinforced concrete bridge decks. Increasing areas of new decks were not measuring up to requirements when checked with a straight-edge, and rough-riding surfaces were resulting even after corrective grinding. It appeared that, on large pours, perhaps more time for placing and finishing was needed; this was so particularly on hot, windy days when ambient conditions would cause the concrete to set more rapidly. A proposed method of providing more working time was to use retarding admixtures to slow the setting time of …

Base Stabilization Bryantsville-Beuna Vista Road, Garrard County, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Construction plans for the summer of 1961 called for the placement of a bituminous surface (Class C-1) on Ky. 753 in Garrard County (see Fig. 1). The project extends from US 27 in Bryantsville to Ky. 152 at Beuna Vista, a distance of approximately 2.8 mites. To prepare the roadbed for this bituminous surfacing, personnel of the Maintenance Division placed additional stone on the roadway and stabilized it with calcium chloride. The Research Division was requested to make recommendations as to application rates of the available stone and calcium chloride and to follow the general performance of the project.

Pavement Slipperiness Studies (A Progress Report), James H. Havens, Rolands L. Rizenbergs

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Traction or frictional resistance of tires on clean, dry pavements tends to be fairly high (coefficient of friction of 0.6 to 0.8) and to be independent of the texture of the pavement surface. In contrast, the loss of traction on a wet pavement is due entirely to lubrication effects; and, while wet friction seems to be fairly independent of the identity of the aggregate, it is extremely dependent upon the texture and porosity of the surface. Likewise, the mineralogical and lithological characteristics of the aggregates largely determine the natural texture, i.e., type of wear (coarse or fine) which the aggregate …

Cutback Asphalt Emulsion Primer, Type L, Nelson County, Project Rs Group 38 (1961), J. D. Shackelford

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Personnel of the Research Division visited the Nelson County project to observe the application and behavior of the cutback asphalt emulsion primer, Type L, on Ky. 733, northeast of Boston. The following remarks concerning this project are submitted for your information.

Second Annual Performance Survey Of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culverts, Ronald D. Hughes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A criteria for the design and installation of reinforced concrete pipe culverts was developed by the Bureau of Public Roads in cooperation with the American Concrete Pipe Association and distributed to the various highway agencies in April, 1957, under Circular Memorandum 22-40. This criteria was developed in order to bring together and simplify methods for computing necessary pipe strengths for use under various heights of fill and provide for more effective utilization of reinforced concrete pipe for use as culverts. The memorandum also described various methods for bedding reinforced concrete pipe and outlined procedures for installation of the pipe under …

Evaluation Of Calcium-Chloride Maintained, Traffic-Bound Roads, George R. Laughlin

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Calcium chloride has been used on unpaved road surfaces for over fifty years. Originally, it was used as a dust palliative and later as a stabilizing agent. Observations have shown that traffic-bound roads containing well-graded aggregate and sufficient binder tend to have smooth, stable surfaces. While the binder remains in a damp, cohesive state, the road surface remains in a smooth, compact condition. If the surface becomes dry, dusting and attrition becomes pronounced. Therefore, for a properly constructed traffic-bound base to remain in smooth, stable condition, it is essential that the surface remain damp. Calcium chloride, being a hygroscopic and …

Class I, Type B, Plant-Mix Initial Treatment, Pac-9, Robert L. Florence

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Initial surface treatments of so-called traffic-bound macadam rural secondary roads presents a challenging but frustrating problem in the over-all highway program. In many cases, these roads do not merit the expenditures that would be needed to construct the type of pavement desired, yet there is a need for a dust-free, all-weather type of surface for these roads. It may be argued, for instance, that initial surfacing should be deferred until such time that the construction of a proper base and surface would be justified. On the other hand, one might argue that even a light surfacing would be preferred despite …

An Evaluation Of Concrete Making Properties Of Scoria Lightweight Aggregate Based On Compressive Strength, Khurshid Ahmad Chaudhry

Civil Engineering ETDs

Compressive strength of scoria-aggregate concrete was examined by introducing controlled variables into the mix proportions. A mix design method for accurate mix design was formulated and was analyzed for consistency and feasibility.

Commentary On The 1962 Edition, George Winter

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

Specification For The Design Of Light Gage Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron And Steel Institute

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

Farm Water Storage : Circular Brick Reservoirs, R P. Harington

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A circular brick tank is a cheap and efficient water storage which can be easily built on any farm. The method described below by Kimberley Research Station manager R. P. Harington was used to build a swimming pool—storage on the station.

Flooding And Salt Problems In The Wheatbelt, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

VALUABLE land has become salty in parts of the West Australian agricultural areas because most of the surrounding land has been cleared and developed for agriculture.

This salting of a small proportion of the land is part of the price paid for the development of agriculture in this State.

Drainage is not the answer to the wheatbelt flooding and salt land problems.

A more practical approach is to limit runoff from sloping land, and to make good use of salt-affected land by growing salt tolerant perennial pastures on it, says the Soils Division of the Department of Agriculture.

Irrigating Dry Season Crops In The Ord Valley : How To Prepare Land For Sowing, D F. Beech

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE best way to grow dry season crops of safflower, linseed and rapeseed under irrigation in the Ord Valley is by sowing on to broad flat ridges, separated by small furrows 3 ft. 6 in. apart.

This system of sowing is called the "corrugation" method.

Orchard Planting Systems, K T. Whitely

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

HAVING decided on the location of the orchard and the types of fruit trees to be planted, the grower is still faced with the problem of layout of the trees in the new orchard.

Dynamics Of Sprung Loads On Pavements, James H. Havens, D. F. Hutcheson

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The attached report, "Dynamics of Sprung Loads on Pavements," resulted from a need for reliable impact factors for use in the structural design of pavements. For some years, it has been customary to use 1.2 times the static wheel load for designing portland cement concrete pavements. We, along with other investigators, have questioned this value, and have actually used higher values for some specific conditions. Impact factors for specific situations are listed on page 33 of the report. The three roads classed as smooth averaged 1.25, while the rough road gave a value of 1.35. Depressions at culverts and bridge …

A Modified Class I Surface Mixture, Robert L. Florence

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Since the summer of 1954, it has been the practice of the Department to require only natural. sand or slag as the fine aggregate in high-type (Class I, Type B) bituminous surface mixtures. This, of course, was done in order to build skid resistance into the mixture, i.e. by use of polish-resistant fine aggregate. At first, this was specified by means of plan notes; and, during 1957, an Amendment was made to the Standard Specifications. While this has apparently reduced the slickness problem it has created problems relating to the durability and, at times, the stability of the surface course.

Seal Coat Application To Clark Memorial Bridge, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The maintenance of the surface of the approach ramps and bridge deck of the Clark Memorial Bridge in Louisville has presented certain problems over the past few years. The ramps at each end of the bridge are rather steep, and on the Louisville side the ramp intersects Main Street where traffic movements are controlled by traffic signals. Thus, the northbound traffic accelerating upgrade from a stop and the southbound traffic braking to a stop on the downgrade present two very severe conditions that the surface must withstand. The increased use of salt for snow and ice removal has also contributed …

Experimental Paving Projects Using Curtiss-Wright’S Coal-Modified, Coal-Tar Binder [1962], William B. Drake

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report covers the observation and evaluation of 13 sections of experimental pavement constructed in Kentucky using coal-modified coal-tar binder. These are compared with the performance of control sections in which normal specification asphalt cements were used. The results of laboratory and field tests are also reported to support and supplement the visual surveys.

Circular Arch Analysis, Aylmer Pao-Sheng Cheng

Masters Theses

"This work presents an analysis of a two-hinged circular arch by both the elastic theory and the deflection theory. The basic assumption made in this analysis was that the moment of inertia of the arch rib and the normal force vary as the secant of the angle with respect to the crown. The increase of maximum moment as found by the deflection theory was in the range of 30%"--Abstract, page 2.

Effect Of The Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration On The Treatment Of Dairy Wastes By Activated Sludge Process, Meredith Hambleton Saxer

Masters Theses

"The effect of the mixed liquor suspended solids concentration on the treatment of dairy wastes by the activated sludge process was investigated to provide original and basic information of value to the waste water treatment field.

The studies were conducted using a continuous flow activated sludge laboratory unit. Two different synthetic dairy waste systems were used in this investigation, the 0.05 Percent Skim Milk Waste System and the 0.1 Percent Skim Milk Waste System. These wastes provided BOD loadings of 43.9 and 91.1 lb. BOD per day per 1000 cu. ft., respectively, at the 12 hour detention period employed. Mixed …

The Effect Of A Continuous Low Temperature On The Operation Of Waste Stabilization Lagoons, Ralston Kennedy Dennis

Masters Theses

"This study was undertaken to determine the effect of a continuous low temperature on the operation of a waste stabilization lagoon and to provide information of value to the sewage treatment field.

The investigation was conducted using two experimental lagoons subjected to a continuous illumination of 550 to 600 foot candles emitted by two fluorescent light fixtures. Of these units, the Cold Room Lagoon was maintained at a controlled temperature of 5° C. and the Warm Room Lagoon was operated at room temperature in the range of 16 to 32° C.

Dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand determinations were the …

A Study Of The Electro-Chemical Injection Of Ca(Oh)₂ Into Pure Kaolin Clay, Sam Michael Savas Jr.

Masters Theses

"The work presented in this thesis is the investigation and study of a possible and successful means of injecting an electrolyte solution into a fine grain soil mass with the use of electric current and to measure some of the changes of its physical properties. A NoKarb Georgia Kaolin Clay was treated by passing a preferential electrolyte solution of Ca(OH)₂ using direct current for a period of one and six days. The tests performed during this investigation included the following: (a) tri-axial tests, (b) atterberg limits, (c) pH determination, (d) moisture content change (from treatment), (e) visual settling of treated …

Investigation Of Flow Rates Through A Rockfill Dam With An Internal Spillway, Jerry R. Bayless

Masters Theses

"Tests were performed on a model of a rockfill dam with an internal spillway for the purpose of developing a method of predicting the flow rate through the dam. The flow rate depends upon the head but is affected by the rock size and the height of the impervious core; there- fore, these factors were varied in the study. A relation for flow rate in terms of head was found for each combination of rock size and core height used and was compared to the general weir equation to find the coefficient of contraction; thus the effect of changing core …

The Application Of Preaeration Of Sewage To The Design And Operation Of Waste Stabilization Lagoons, Richard G. Huber

Masters Theses

"The application of preaeration of sewage on the operation and design of waste stabilization lagoons was investigated and its effect on the permissible BOD loadings was determined to provide original and basic information of value to the sewage treatment field.

The investigation was conducted using two 15 gallon aquariums, one of which was designated as the Control Lagoon and the other as the Test Lagoon. These experimental lagoons were subjected to 12 hour diurnal light and dark cycles, provided by means of fluorescent light fixtures.

Raw sewage and aerated raw sewage were fed daily to the Control and Test Lagoons, …

Study Of The Design Of Reinforcement For Prestressed Concrete And Blocks, Charles Robert Hoffman

Masters Theses

"This thesis is an analysis of the transverse tensile stress condition in an end block of a prestressed concrete beam. A stress analysis was made by photoelasticity and compared to the mathematical solutions and experimental solutions performed by others on concrete models. The photoelastic model was made from a piece of Columbia Resin, 39.

Whatever method is chosen to determine the stress condition, there is no exact code that can be established to fit the various type problems which arise"--Abstract, page 1.

Model Analysis By The Moiré Method, David D. Kick

Masters Theses

"This study presents the use of Moiré fringes for model analysis of deflections and strains. Deflection of a beam, strain in a disk, and an Influence diagram for a frame are presented as examples of uses of the Moiré method. The necessary equations for the determination of strain using the Moiré method are also derived and presented in this work"--Abstract, page v.

Gathering Haunch Design Data By Photoelasticity, Richard B. Heagler

Masters Theses

"The haunching of beams and columns and the haunching of rigid frames is performed by design engineers for the purpose of relieving stress concentrations that might occur at discontinuities in structures. The haunch performs this relieving of stress concentration by increasing the rigidity of the structure at regions of high stress. Usually this design step is one of trial and error; that is, the engineer will select a haunch or method of haunching and then check to see if the result is sufficient for his purpose. This can be a time consuming process and can lead to uneconomical design.

In …