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Articles 91 - 120 of 528
Full-Text Articles in Business Administration, Management, and Operations
Change And Discomfort In Academia: How Far Should We Stretch In Our Readiness For Change?, Laurie A. Branch
Change And Discomfort In Academia: How Far Should We Stretch In Our Readiness For Change?, Laurie A. Branch
Student Scholarship
Employee attitudes and their effect on successful implementation of organizational changes continue to engross researchers and practitioners alike. In this study, we investigated the significance and nature of discomfort as it affects readiness for change in business school settings. This choice of context is deliberate. There is a strong push for change in business schools to align with market needs and there are high levels of individual and collective efficacy. Our findings indicate discomfort as a mediator explains significantly more variation in readiness than is explained by perceived collective efficacy. Surprisingly, we found that some forms of discomfort such as …
Understanding Supply Chain Resiliency: Identification Of The Factors Contributing To Performance, David Widdifield
Understanding Supply Chain Resiliency: Identification Of The Factors Contributing To Performance, David Widdifield
Student Scholarship
Businesses view supply chain operations as critical components to customer satisfaction, market competitiveness, and profitability. Over the last decade, these operations have been exposed to ever increasing levels of disruption risk from sources such as cultural differences, geography, managerial actions, shifting market demand and supply, and technological changes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the types and management of risks within the supply chains of large US base companies in the apparel, footwear, nutritional supplement and supply chain services sectors operating on a global basis. We intend to compare relevant frameworks within extant literature and data obtained during …
Design For Social Change: Consequential Shifts In The Designer's Role, Mariana V. Amatullo
Design For Social Change: Consequential Shifts In The Designer's Role, Mariana V. Amatullo
Student Scholarship
This study focuses on the shifting role of the designer as change agent in the 21st century. The investigation includes four case studies in which designers are addressing human needs linked to large-scale social, cultural and economic challenges. These cases underscore how designers contribute to and experience complex projects in which their expertise is deployed among multidisciplinary teams with a transdisciplinary focus across a variety of organizational structures. Key aims were to uncover 1) what the distinct methods to inquiry put forth by the various design groups are, and in turn, what critical implications arise for organizational practice as a …
Leading In Combat: The Role Of Situation Awareness And Perceived Control During In Extremis Situations, Deirdre Dixon
Leading In Combat: The Role Of Situation Awareness And Perceived Control During In Extremis Situations, Deirdre Dixon
Student Scholarship
For military teams faced with the threat of death, this study found that the generally accepted positive effects of training and experience may be insufficient to ensure survival and met mission goals. Positive outcomes of acute--or "at the point of death"--events encountered by military team leaders did not correlate with general training, overall team leadership experience or frequency of experience. Survey responses of 494 military team leaders reveals situation awareness and perceived control trump training and experience in positive outcomes of in extremis events. These results empirically support the rapidly accreting, but, to date, mostly theoretical literature on situation awareness …
Strategic Anticipation: Toward An Understanding Of How Managers Anticipate Strategic Moves, Gabriel Berczely
Strategic Anticipation: Toward An Understanding Of How Managers Anticipate Strategic Moves, Gabriel Berczely
Student Scholarship
Strategic anticipation refers to the capacity to anticipate possible future strategic scenarios and thus anticipate required strategic moves in response to them. The academic community has produced significant literature regarding strategy formulation and implementation, but very little has been published in regard to what managers actually do, and should do, to anticipate the need for a strategic change. This study aims to uncover factors that influence the capacity for strategic anticipation. This paper reports on a qualitative, interviewed based, grounded theory study I conducted on the strategy practices of successful CEOs in Chile. I discovered that Mintzberg’s critique of the …
Change And Discomfort In Academia: How Far Should We Stretch In Our Readiness For Change?, Laurie A. Branch
Change And Discomfort In Academia: How Far Should We Stretch In Our Readiness For Change?, Laurie A. Branch
Student Scholarship
Employee attitudes and their effect on successful implementation of organizational changes continue to engross researchers and practitioners alike. In this study, we investigated the significance and nature of discomfort as it affects readiness for change in business school settings. This choice of context is deliberate. There is a strong push for change in business schools to align with market needs and there are high levels of individual and collective efficacy. Our findings indicate discomfort as a mediator explains significantly more variation in readiness than is explained by perceived collective efficacy. Surprisingly, we found that some forms of discomfort such as …
Institutional Factors Influencing The Effectiveness Of Scientist-Physician Partnerships In Biomedical Research, Yunmei Wang
Institutional Factors Influencing The Effectiveness Of Scientist-Physician Partnerships In Biomedical Research, Yunmei Wang
Student Scholarship
Substantial resources invested in biomedical research have generated revolutionary discoveries in medical science. However, it takes on average 17 years to turn about 14% of research findings into changes that benefit patients. Lack of scientist-physician partnership (SPP) is one main reason for the extremely slow translation of science into medical practice. Our previous study identified several institutional and socio-cultural barriers that hinder SPP and slow down knowledge transfer in medicine. However, the relationships among the identified factors, as well as the prevalence of their impacts on scientist-physician partnership and transfer of knowledge are not clear. This study focuses on the …
Managerial And Organizational Factors That Influence A Firm's Safety And Environmental Performance: An Examination Of The Fortune 500 Companies, David Klossner
Managerial And Organizational Factors That Influence A Firm's Safety And Environmental Performance: An Examination Of The Fortune 500 Companies, David Klossner
Student Scholarship
This research seeks to illuminate which managerial and organizational factors lead large corporations to operate in an environmentally conscious manner. We used a blended quantitative approach to test the effects of managerial and organizational factors on a corporation's environmental performance. We used three data sets: (a) firm's actual environmental performance, (b) firm's actual safety performance, and (c) survey from top executives of the Fortune 500 companies. Our data shows that profit seeking positively affects environmental performance; in contrast, a manager's intrinsic values have little effect; and surprisingly a corporation's environmental performance is inversely related to coercive external pressure and risk …
Enhancing Firm Profitability By Improving Director Dynamics, Solange Charas
Enhancing Firm Profitability By Improving Director Dynamics, Solange Charas
Student Scholarship
Board performance research focused on individual director's economically-motivated behaviors and outcomes has generated inconsistent and disappointing results. Most research does not consider the board as a team, despite recent calls for a focus on collective board processes and behaviors. As 90% of directors rate their individual performance at very effective but only 30% rate overall board performance at an equivalent level, it is obvious that this gap needs to be addressed. The discrepancy between individual and team performance effectiveness was the focus of this research, based on original data from 182 directors and their assessment of their board's dynamic, team …
Risks & Rewards: Understanding Management Influences On Employee Engagement & Well-Being During Management Transitions, Dale E. Hartz
Risks & Rewards: Understanding Management Influences On Employee Engagement & Well-Being During Management Transitions, Dale E. Hartz
Student Scholarship
In spite of enormous changes occurring routinely within organizations and the resulting movement of managers, there is only limited research on management transitions and even less research on the effects the transitions have on those being managed. Because of its potential to be a factor in organizational performance and competitiveness, employee engagement and well-being, has recently been receiving significant attention both in the practitioner and academic worlds. However, there is a dearth of research available on what occurs with employee engagement and well-being during management transitions. Our findings effectively illustrate the various states that employees function in during management transitions …
The Equilibrium Of Collective Wrongness Or The Effect Of Mindfulness On Advisor Performance After Market Dislocations, Philipp Hensler
The Equilibrium Of Collective Wrongness Or The Effect Of Mindfulness On Advisor Performance After Market Dislocations, Philipp Hensler
Student Scholarship
We conducted, to our knowledge, the first empirical study of mindfulness with respect to financial advisors and their post 2008 financial crisis behavior. Our hypotheses were derived from semi-structured interviews with financial advisors, the results of which provided the framework for modeling advisor behavior in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. Survey responses from 346 U.S. financial advisors revealed surprising insights about the effects of individual and organizational mindfulness on actual and perceived performance levels during the turbulent 2008-2012 period. Results suggest that mindful advisors affiliated with mindful firms deliver better client performance in dynamic markets. Less mindful advisors …
The Happy Memories Of North Korean Defectors: Discovering Personal Narratives Of Hidden Happiness Through Disintegrative Inquiry, Eric P. Foley
The Happy Memories Of North Korean Defectors: Discovering Personal Narratives Of Hidden Happiness Through Disintegrative Inquiry, Eric P. Foley
Student Scholarship
Thirty North Korean defectors were interviewed and asked to share happy memories from across their lifetimes. A "disintegrative" photo-album technique was used to facilitate rich descriptions while reducing pressure for narrative consistency. Eight narrative voices were identified: four master cultural narratives and four personal narrative constructions. Nineteen respondents initially reported life segments devoid of happy memories but each discovered "hidden happinesses" in response to simple reconsideration prompts from the interviewer. Hidden happinesses were primarily narrated in personal voice, with positive correlation found between hidden happiness discovery and time interval between leaving North Korea and arriving in South Korea. A grounded …
Work-Life Fusion: A Paradigm Shift In Understanding Work And Life Management: Scale Development, Validation, And Multigenerational Analysis, Donna L. Haeger
Work-Life Fusion: A Paradigm Shift In Understanding Work And Life Management: Scale Development, Validation, And Multigenerational Analysis, Donna L. Haeger
Student Scholarship
A Work-Life Fusion scale is introduced and developed to measure the extent to which people leverage technological tools both virtually and in face-to-face exchanges to concurrently manage work and life issues while at work. Subscales emerge from the data with strong reliability measures and rigorous techniques are employed to achieve validation. The scale is used as a resource to explore its impact on Work-Life Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, and Psychological Job Control. Multi-group analysis across generations surfaces clear indication of a shift to a fused approach toward work and life management as cohorts become younger.
Overcoming Barriers In Affordable Housing Cross-Sector Collaborations, Jennifer R. Madden
Overcoming Barriers In Affordable Housing Cross-Sector Collaborations, Jennifer R. Madden
Student Scholarship
Cross-sector collaboration is a viable strategy for addressing complex social problems like the lack of affordable housing. However, the literature tells us collaboration is difficult, complicated and discouraged by some scholars. Qualitative research involving 31 leaders participating in affordable housing cross-sector collaborations revealed despite size, sector or success, most collaborations for affordable housing encounter a common set of obstacles: funding, partner, community and/or government barriers. Key findings also suggest leaders of successful collaborations exhibited heightened emotional and social competencies, took actions for creating a better future, remained mission focused, and collaborations continuously redesigned to meet ongoing challenges.
Significant Life Transitions And Changing Lives: An Investigation Into The Internationally Mobile Professional, Victoria Woo
Significant Life Transitions And Changing Lives: An Investigation Into The Internationally Mobile Professional, Victoria Woo
Student Scholarship
Today, there are more and more professionals who are or will be transitioning into new geographies, industries, companies, roles and, most importantly, new lives. Some current studies indicate that increasing the number of transitions has a negative correlation with a person's sense of well-being. But some professionals experience an increase in well-being. Although there is an abundance of literature about coping strategies and adaptation for those in the first, negatively affected group, there is little written about individuals who thrive while transitioning. This paper reports on a qualitative study of the second, positively affected group, driven by motivations beyond seeking …
Straight From The Horses Mouth: An Experiential Learning Approach To Management Development Through Metaphor, Karen L. Stock
Straight From The Horses Mouth: An Experiential Learning Approach To Management Development Through Metaphor, Karen L. Stock
Student Scholarship
The importance of having capable leaders is extremely relevant today, but the effectiveness of training is difficult to measure. While much has been written on the use of horses for therapeutic purposes, this qualitative research study sought to address the gap of knowledge on the value of using horses as a training tool for management development. The research illustrates the derived benefits from experiential learning through metaphor in the context of working with horses that directly relates to individual's behavior at work. Through this facilitated experience, participants engaged in a process of self-discovery that led to deeper learning. The results …
A Paradigm For Surviving Severe Macro Economic Disruption: The Promethean Life Engagement Practices Framework, Larry G. Straub
A Paradigm For Surviving Severe Macro Economic Disruption: The Promethean Life Engagement Practices Framework, Larry G. Straub
Student Scholarship
Unemployment is rapidly becoming an American epidemic of social, political and economic crisis, even more so for “at risk” groups such as older workers. This study focuses on issues and factors surrounding chronic under-employment, unemployment and even un- employability of our older workforce in America. As the American “social contract” i.e. Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security are under enormous strain; much will be at stake as America deals with how social, societal, political, educational, legal and economic institutions handle this very complicated and multi-facetted issue... answering the question... “Will Americans over 50 be our next lost generation?” This study analyzed …
Developing Leadership Talent In Family Businesses: Embracing Risk Or Playing It Safe, Stephen P. Miller
Developing Leadership Talent In Family Businesses: Embracing Risk Or Playing It Safe, Stephen P. Miller
Student Scholarship
On-the-job experiences are emphasized as powerful developers of leadership talent in leadership and family business literature. Our qualitative study of 37 family business leaders from mid-market privately held family firms found that it is not just having experiences but the nature of those experiences that determines whether or not authentic leadership talent is actually developed, particularly in next-generation family enterprise leaders. The "family effect," the extent to which actors in a family firm embrace risk in the development of nextgeneration leaders, is identified as central to the development of leadership competencies. We propose a conceptual framework with four factors that …
The Power Of Systemic Fraud: Implications For The Fraud Triangle From The Professional Investing Community, Joseph Wall
The Power Of Systemic Fraud: Implications For The Fraud Triangle From The Professional Investing Community, Joseph Wall
Student Scholarship
Fraud is a powerful tool for profit in organizations and for individuals. Professional investors control more than half the world's GDP and continue to commit fraud at an increasing scale which threatens entire countries and regions. Auditors utilize the framework of the fraud triangle for detection and deterrence. However, when fraud is systematic, both become challenging. Literature is silent concerning the lived experiences of the professional trading community, and there is a paucity of knowledge regarding fraud within it. Semi-structured interviews with 31 professional investors yielded insights into how fraud functions. Our analysis suggests that while opportunity and capability hold …
Factors Influencing Radical And Incremental Innovation And Firm Performance In Consumer Electronics And Information Technology Industries, Shengfa Johnson Chuang
Factors Influencing Radical And Incremental Innovation And Firm Performance In Consumer Electronics And Information Technology Industries, Shengfa Johnson Chuang
Student Scholarship
Over the past two decades, scholars have contributed multiple theories and insights to explain successful product innovation. Yet scholars have been unable to determine the relative contribution of a host of factors to successful incremental or radical product innovation. The purpose of this paper is to address two questions: 1) What innovation factors have a significant impact on incremental innovation (II) and radical innovation (RI) in the consumer electronics and information technology (CE/IT) industries? 2) What mediating roles do RI and II play in how innovation factors influence product performance? To address these questions, we build a research model that …
Adversary To Ally: A Relational Approach To Shifting Buyer Paradigms, Donald P. Addison Ii
Adversary To Ally: A Relational Approach To Shifting Buyer Paradigms, Donald P. Addison Ii
Student Scholarship
Scholarly literature supports the notion that businesses benefit from long term collaborative relationships with trading partners, yet arm's length, adversarial relationships between buyers and sellers persist. Although scholarly research provides insights regarding conceptual and operational aspects of buyer-seller collaborations, very little has been published concerning the preparation or activities that lead into collaborative relationships. To address this gap this study conducted research involving semi structured interviews with buyers and sellers to understand how collaboration evolves in buyer seller relationships. Of specific interest is how buyer seller relationships, characterized by fear of opportunism and guarded behavior, transition to collaboration characterized by …
What Are The Experiences Of Successful Minority Entrepreneurs In Building Effective Trust-Based Relationships, Robert T. Watt
What Are The Experiences Of Successful Minority Entrepreneurs In Building Effective Trust-Based Relationships, Robert T. Watt
Student Scholarship
Not a lot of attention has been paid to the networking behavior of minority entrepreneurs. Research on the minority entrepreneur population has typically taken a deficiency and academic approach in focusing on the high failure rate of minority owned businesses in the United States. This has created a gap in the literature on successful behavior of minority business owners. Networking theory suggests that entrepreneurs can use relationships as an asset to increase the success of their business opportunities. Successful minority and non-minority entrepreneurs have engaged in qualitative interviews to share their views and techniques in expanding their business opportunities and …
Do Filtering, Dialogue And Networking Improve Learning In Equivocal And Information Rich Contexts? - A Study Of Sense-Making In Policy Making Contexts, Adrian Wolfberg
Do Filtering, Dialogue And Networking Improve Learning In Equivocal And Information Rich Contexts? - A Study Of Sense-Making In Policy Making Contexts, Adrian Wolfberg
Student Scholarship
We examine learning outcomes in intelligence analysts--the likelihood to shift intelligence analyst's mental models--within policy-making dyads of analysts and decision-makers operating in complex, high-stake contexts. We ask to what extent do properties of information present in the environment--information overload and equivocality--and two behavioral dispositions present in the dyad--one possessed by the decision maker (feedback) and another by the analyst (perspective taking)--influence analyst's learning outcomes. In particular, we focus on the combined impact of three analyst's behavioral responses--filtering, dialogue and networking--to either mitigate the negative effects of overload and equivocality, and/or improve the potential positive effects of feedback and perspective taking. …
It Professionals: Understanding What Impacts Their Desire To Engage In Work, Linda M. Pittenger
It Professionals: Understanding What Impacts Their Desire To Engage In Work, Linda M. Pittenger
Student Scholarship
There is a paucity of literature on Information Technology (IT) professionals that specifically emphasizes how either behavioral competencies and/or the organizational environment influence employee engagement. Employee engagement is described as a positive, work-related state of mind exhibited by high levels of energy, dedication, persistence, and happy absorption (Schaufeli, Salanova, Gonzalez-Roma, & Bakker, 2002) manifested, when coupled with customer loyalty, in business growth and profitability (McEwen, 1998). Half of all U.S. workers are not fully engaged in their work and some are totally disengaged (Balogun & Johnson, 2004). When compared to the general employee population, lack of engagement is more of …
The "Valley Of Death" In Medicine Is Not Only A Knowledge Translation But Also A Socio-Cultural And Institutional Problem, Yunmei Wang
Student Scholarship
Substantial resources invested in medical research have generated revolutionary discoveries in medical science. However, it takes 17 years to translate 14% of research findings into clinical practice. The gap between science and practice is labeled as “the Valley of Death” and has been framed as a “lost in translation” problem, therefore the effort has been focusing on the promotion of translational research and translators—physician scientists who understand both science and practice languages. Despite many educational and funding programs, physician’s research interest has declined and the gap has not been narrowed. To understand the underlying mechanism, we conducted a qualitative study …
Realizing Breakthrough Radical Innovations In Ce/It Industries, Shengfa Johnson Chuang
Realizing Breakthrough Radical Innovations In Ce/It Industries, Shengfa Johnson Chuang
Student Scholarship
Whereas incremental innovation (II) involves minor changes to an existing product or service, radical innovation (RI) creates a new user experience by altering the cognitive ecosystem of products and creating new markets. Recent RI products such as Apple's iPhone, iPad, and iTunes and Amazon's Kindle have demonstrated the potentially salubrious effect of RI. However, technological uncertainty, business inexperience, and unknown customer preferences render RI a high-risk proposition. Accordingly, the innovation processes of RI and II are different: whereas II is widely studied through gate and structured process models, comparatively little is known about how to engage and manage RI. One …
The Mediating Role Of Vision And Compassion In Physician Leadership, Joann Farrell Quinn
The Mediating Role Of Vision And Compassion In Physician Leadership, Joann Farrell Quinn
Student Scholarship
Physician leaders span two professional groups- that of physician and of leader. While there have been many efforts at understanding the characteristics of effective physician leaders, a greater understanding is needed on the nature of physician leadership. We surveyed the largest health care organization for physician leaders in the United States to gain a greater understanding. Findings from our qualitative research guided this quantitative study, which used PLS to analyze results from 677 online surveys to understand the causal relationship of role conflict and role endorsement to participation. Our findings reveal the mediating influence that positivity exerts upon participation. Our …
Emerging Patterns In 21st Century Leadership: An Exploration Of Generational Normative Collisions, Donna L. Haeger
Emerging Patterns In 21st Century Leadership: An Exploration Of Generational Normative Collisions, Donna L. Haeger
Student Scholarship
In the current work environment, younger workers in leadership positions are overseeing workers much older than themselves. Few empirical studies have focused on the emerging patterns of leadership associated with the relationship between young managers and older workers. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a qualitative study based on semistructured interviews with thirteen managers under the age of thirty six and thirteen employees at least twenty years older. The goal of our study is to generate grounded theory about the "lived experiences" of contemporary young managers leading older subordinates. Our exploratory findings show that the task focused …
Out Of Control: The Impact Of Unaddressed Affective Conflict On Sme Board Stability, Solange Charas
Out Of Control: The Impact Of Unaddressed Affective Conflict On Sme Board Stability, Solange Charas
Student Scholarship
Seventy-seven percent of low corporate governance ratings for U.S. publicly-traded companies are attributable to poorly-performing boards (GovernanceMetrics International (GMI), 2005). Research suggests a relationship between governance quality and financial performance with evidence of better performance by active vs. passive boards. While most governance research has focused on board member demographics to predict governance quality, few scholars have addressed board dynamics. Adopting a grounded theory approach to address this deficit, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 board directors of U.S. publically traded small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with high and low independently attributed governance ratings. Results indicate directors in both groups …
Breaking Free: A Qualitative Analysis Of Entrenchment And Disruptive Strategies Of Corporate Leaders, Sherry Sanger
Breaking Free: A Qualitative Analysis Of Entrenchment And Disruptive Strategies Of Corporate Leaders, Sherry Sanger
Student Scholarship
Using qualitative analysis of in-depth interview data from 23 Chief Marketing Officers (CMOs) in diverse industries, the study aims to advance theoretical understanding of (a) when and how corporate leaders experience entrenchment, (b) what strategies corporate leaders use to disrupt or break free from their entrenchment and (c) how leaders generate disruptive strategies. Our findings show that CMOs experience both organizational and personal entrenchment, which differ in nature and significance. In general, CMOs are alert to entrenchment traps and deploy varied disruptive strategies to break free, sometimes with success. Finally, our data suggests that CMOs source their disruptive strategies from …