Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons^™

Challenges Or Hindrances? Implications Of Work Characteristics Appraisals For Employees’ Well-Being, Peikai Li, Maria C. W. Peeters, Toon W. Taris, Yejun Zhang

Management Faculty Publications

Previous research on the association between job characteristics and employee well-being has returned mixed results. In particular, the possible impact of individual appraisal of these job characteristics has not been well-acknowledged. To address this limitation, we drew on appraisal theory and examined (a) how workers appraise particular job characteristics, and (b) how these appraisals affect the relationships between these job characteristics and well-being (i.e., work engagement and burnout). We tested our hypotheses across two studies. In a cross-occupation survey (Study 1, n = 514), we found that job characteristics of “demands” (time urgency, role conflict, and emotional demands) and “resources” …

Digital Transformation Of Global Business Processes: The Role Of Dual Embeddedness, Peter Ekman, Peter Thilenius, Steven M. Thompson, Jonathan W. Whitaker

Management Faculty Publications

While much existing research on MNC digital transformation has followed a linear design and implementation logic using cross-sectional data, the multiple and divergent needs of headquarters (HQ) and subsidiaries suggest that MNC digital transformation actually involves a more iterative journey. In this paper, we apply the theoretical perspective of embeddedness to better define the complexities of MNC digital transformation, and identify how HQ and subsidiaries can navigate the complexities. This paper presents a longitudinal multi-case study of five Forbes Global 2000 firms that are HQ in Europe with large subsidiaries in the U.S. We find that the process of digital …

United Or Divided? Antecedents Of Board Cohesiveness In International Joint Ventures, Rene Olie, Elko Klijn, Hugo V. Leenders

Management Faculty Publications

We combine board process research with the literature on international joint ventures (IJVs) by investigating the antecedents of cohesiveness of IJV boards of directors. Even though that corporate governance scholars have frequently emphasized the crucial role of cohesiveness for board effectiveness, cohesiveness has received limited research attention. We investigate the determinants of board cohesiveness by specifically focusing on an understudied organizational form, namely the IJV. IJVs are formed by two or more independent parent organizations originating from geographically dispersed home countries with disparate cultural backgrounds. We argue that the inherent features related to the international and partner-specific context of these …

Stakeholder Theory At The Crossroads, Jay B. Barney, Jeffrey S. Harrison

Management Faculty Publications

The stakeholder perspective has provided a rich forum for a variety of debates at the intersection of business and society. Scholars gathered for two consecutive years, first in North American, and then in Europe, to discuss the major issues surrounding what has come to be known as stakeholder theory, to attempt to find common ground, and to uncover areas in need of further inquiry. Those meetings led to a list of “tensions” and a call for papers for this special issue to help address them. In this article we introduce the resulting articles and provide some brief commentary on their …

Overcoming The Shadow Of Expertise: How Humility And Learning Goal Orientation Help Knowledge Leaders Become More Flexible, Mai P. Trinh

Management Faculty Publications

Although experts are valuable assets to organizations, they suffer from the curse of knowledge and cognitive entrenchment, which prevents them from being able to adapt to changing situational demands. In this study, I propose that experts’ performance goal orientation resulting from pressures to perform contributes to their flexibility, but this mechanism can be moderated by learning goal orientation and humility. Data from a small sample of healthcare professionals suggested that performance goal orientation partially explained the mechanism of why experts may be inflexible. Humility, both as self-report and other-report measures, was found to be the most consistent moderator of this …

Explaining Heterogeneity In Environmental Management Practice Adoption Across Firms, Rick Hardcopf, Rachna Shah, Ujjal Mukherjee

Management Faculty Publications

There is extensive academic research examining why firms adopt environmental management practices (EMPs), reflecting an increasing focus on firm environmental activity in research and practice. However, there is little understanding of why firms vary within and across industries in the number of EMPs they adopt (EMP adoption). In this study, we seek to identify the sources of variation and quantify the relative importance of each source. Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) and a 12-year panel data including 880 firms from 258 industries, we show that temporality (variation over time), firm-specific choices and characteristics, and industry membership account for 40%, 26%, …

Values-Based Rivalry: A Theoretical Framework Of Rivalry Between Activists And Firms, Theodore L. Waldron, Chad Navis, Olivia Aronson, Jeffrey G. York, Desiree F. Pacheco

Management Faculty Publications

In this article we develop a theoretical framework to explain values-based rivalry between activists and firms by integrating and advancing key insights from competitive dynamics and social activist research. The first part of our framework conceptualizes the unique tensions, actions, and responses that characterize values-based rivalry and distinguish it from rivalry between firms. The second part of our framework conceptualizes the role of managers’ perceptions in shaping their firms’ likelihood of responding to activists’ actions during values-based rivalry. Overall, our conceptualization primarily expands competitive dynamics research to account for rivalry between dissimilar actors and, in doing so, broadens social activist …

The Influence Of Ceo Political Outspokenness On Stock Market Reaction And Firm Performance, Keshab Acharya, Michael A. Abebe, Mark Kroll

Management Faculty Publications

CEOs' public communications are considered essential parts of their stakeholder management efforts. Specifically, CEOs' oral and written communications pertaining to their firms' actions receive scrutiny from external stakeholders (e.g. investors, stock analysts, regulators) and members of the media (Conaway & Wardrope, 2010; Kassel, 2017). There is a burgeoning body of research on CEO communication. Research evidence, for instance, points to the extent to which CEOs' communications influence firm performance and investor behavior (Whittington, Yakis-Douglas, Ahn, 2016; Elliott, Grant & Hodge, 2018). Furthermore, CEOs' communications have been shown to shape firm reputation and stakeholder perceptions in times of crises (Seeger, Sellnow …

Personality Traits And Income Attainment Of Self-Employed People—Accounting For Model Uncertainty, Boris N. Nikolaev, Ileana Maldonado-Bautista

Management Faculty Publications

We examine the robustness of the relationship between income attainment and personality traits from Tellegen’s three-factor model that map into constructs of positive emotionality (well-being, social potency, achievement, and social closeness), negative emotionality (stress reaction, alienation, and aggression), and constraint (control, harm avoidance, and traditionalism). We do so by estimating the sampling distribution of 32,768 models in a sample of self-employed people from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study to account for model uncertainty. We find that only social potency and aggression are robust and positively correlated with income attainment among the self-employed. In contrast, income attainment for …

Strategic Agility, Business Model Innovation And Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation, Thomas Clauss, Michael A. Abebe, Chanchai Tangpong, Marianne Hock

Management Faculty Publications

Despite the robust literature on the nature of business models and their implications for firm performance, research on the organizational antecedents of business model innovations (BMIs) is still evolving. In this paper, we empirically examine the extent to which firm-level strategic agility predicts the adoption of three (value creation, value capture, and value proposition) types of BMIs. Furthermore, we propose that the relationship between firm-level strategic agility and BMI adoption is contingent on the degree of environmental turbulence. Finally, we explore the mediating role that BMI plays in the relationship between firm-level strategic agility and firm performance. Our analysis of …

Work-Life Events Theory: Making Sense Of Shock Events In Dual-Earner Couples, Wayne S. Crawford, Meredith J. Thompson, Blake E. Ashforth

Management Faculty Publications

Dual-earner couples are increasingly prevalent and encounter demands arising from each partner’s commitment to various work and life domains. Unfortunately, there has been little theoretical progress in explaining how dual-earner couples navigate work-life shock events, which we define as disruptive, novel, and critical events that require investment of a couple’s resources. Drawing from identity and sensemaking theories, we develop a theory of work-life shock events to explain how dual-earner couples perceive and respond to these events. We theorize that partners initially make sense of the event as individuals and then engage in couple-level sensemaking. We argue that each individual’s shock …

China's Intellectual Property Rights Provocation: A Political Economy View, Shaomin Li

Management Faculty Publications

It is well recognized that intellectual property rights (IPR) violations are at the heart of the economic conflict with China. Little agreement, however, exists about the origin and solutions for this provocation. Broadly speaking, two prescriptions have been proposed: the natural evolutionary and the rule of law views. While both have merits and add to our understanding, they do not go far enough to address the more fundamental IPR policy issue: China has benefited from a rule of law overseas and a rule through law at home, manufacturing unfair advantage to its firms, many of which are owned and/or influenced …

How Does Customer Service Offshoring Impact Customer Satisfaction?, Jonathan W. Whitaker, M. S. Krishnan, Claes Fornell, Forrest Morgeson

Management Faculty Publications

Information technology (IT) plays a vital role in customer relationship management (CRM), because CRM processes include the collection and analysis of customer information, firms use technology tools to interact with customers, and IT created the conditions under which firms can offshore CRM processes. Customers have negative perceptions toward offshoring, which suggests that firms might be reluctant to offshore IT-enabled CRM processes. However, firms have significantly increased offshoring for CRM processes, presenting a conundrum. Why would firms increase offshoring for CRM processes if there could be a risk to customer satisfaction?

This paper helps to resolve the conundrum by studying the …

Chronic Disease Management: How It And Analytics Create Healthcare Value Through The Temporal Displacement Of Care, Steven M. Thompson, Jonathan W. Whitaker, Rajiv Kohli, Craig Jones

Management Faculty Publications

The treatment of chronic diseases consumes 86% of U.S. healthcare costs. While healthcare organizations have traditionally focused on treating the complications of chronic diseases, advances in information technology (IT) and analytics can help clinicians and patients manage and slow the progression of chronic diseases to result in higher quality of life for patients and lower healthcare costs.

We build on prior research to introduce the notion of temporal displacement of care (TDC), in which IT and analytics create healthcare value by displacing the time at which providers and patients make interventions to improve healthcare outcomes and reduce costs. We propose …

Sustainable Wealth Creation: Applying Instrumental Stakeholder Theory To The Improvement Of Social Welfare, Thomas M. Jones, Jeffrey S. Harrison

Management Faculty Publications

This chapter briefly reviews core ideas and research results in the existing instrumental stakeholder theory (IST) literature and then applies the IST concept to the simultaneous pursuit of two objectives—advancing social welfare, the presumed goal of morally legitimate social systems in general, and preserving the key elements of shareholder wealth enhancement—the traditional goal of the corporation. In so doing, we expand the range of ethical approaches to IST beyond deontological principles (e.g., treat stakeholders fairly; be trustworthy in dealing with stakeholders) present in extant versions of IST, to a consequentialist focus (i.e., a utilitarian concern for “the greatest good for …

Empirical Evidence On Labor Profile Competencies Of Mexican Immigrants To The United States Of America, Azucena Leticia Herrera Aguado, Jorge A. Gonzalez

Management Faculty Publications

The immigration of Mexicans to the United States of America (USA) has led to migration policy problems in both countries, with ethical, social, human, health and labor implications. For this and other reasons, bilateral relations between these countries have long-standing legal needs. There is a need to find formulas and solutions to confront multiple challenges and opportunities. This research examines the professional profile of Mexican immigrants to the USA. We describe the qualitative, quantitative, exploratory and descriptive case method we employed in a pilot survey we applied in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) of Texas and on a study of …

Instrumental Stakeholder Theory Makes Ethically Based Relationship Building Palatable To Managers Focused On The Bottom Line, Jeffrey S. Harrison, Will Felps, Thomas M. Jones

Management Faculty Publications

We appreciate the opportunity to engage in this dialogue with Weitzner and Deutsch (2019) to clarify the meaning and intent of some of the arguments found in our article, “How Applying Instrumental Stakeholder Theory Can Provide Sustainable Competitive Advantage” (Jones, Harrison, & Felps, 2018). We are grateful for the high praise from the authors regarding the rigor and logic of our applications of resource-based criteria to instrumental stakeholder theory (IST). We begin this response by highlighting a few areas of agreement, followed by some points where we disagree.

Stakeholder Theory, Robert A. Phillips, Jay B. Barney, R. Edward Freeman, Jeffrey S. Harrison

Management Faculty Publications

Though there is clearly a “family resemblance” to the work that is typically done under its bailiwick, stakeholder theory continues to resist precise circumscription. Like the organizations it attempts to understand, the boundaries of the theory remain contentious. While various attempts have been made to clearly define the parameters of stakeholder theory (i.e., Clarkson Center for Business Ethics, 1999; Donaldson & Preston, 1995; Freeman, et al., 2010; Jones & Wicks, 1999; Phillips, 2003; Phillips, Freeman & Wicks, 2003), none of these efforts has gained universal acceptance. The following, which combines ideas from a variety of well-known sources (Freeman, 1984; Freeman, …

Catalyzing Capacity: Absorptive, Adaptive, And Generative Leadership, Elizabeth A. Castillo, Mai P. Trinh

Management Faculty Publications

Purpose

Organizations increasingly operate under volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) conditions. Traditional command-and-control leadership can be ineffective in such chaotic environments. The purpose of this paper is to outline an alternative model to help leaders and organizations navigate effectively through VUCA environments. By developing three fundamental capacities (absorptive, adaptive and generative), leaders can cultivate organizations capable of continuous synchronization with their fitness landscapes. Central tenets of the framework include diversity, slack, learning, humility, reflection in action and abductive logic.

Design/methodology/approach

This framework is designed based on literature insights, conceptual analysis and experts’ judgment. The paper integrates knowledge from a …

Big Data Techniques And Talent Management: Recommendations For Organizations And A Research Agenda For I-O Psychologists, Michael C. Campion, Michael A. Campion, Emily D. Campion

Management Faculty Publications

Big data and its applicability to talent management (TM) as defined by Rotolo et al. (2018) has already been recognized by many outside the field of I-O psychology. The market is beginning to include offerings from vendors for products that use some combination of big data techniques to process vast amounts of data or previously unanalyzable data, which they claim will improve components of TM for organizations. Unfortunately, as noted in the focal article, this “frontier” issue makes it difficult for organizations to separate the wheat from the chaff. Further, with few exceptions, I-O psychology is just beginning …

In Search Of Missing Time: A Review Of The Study Of Time In Leadership Research, Elizabeth A. Castillo, Mai P. Trinh

Management Faculty Publications

Many studies describe leadership as a dynamic process. However, few examine the passage of time as a critical dimension of that dynamism. This article illuminates this knowledge gap by conducting a systematic review of empirical studies on temporal effects of leadership to identify if and how time has been considered as a factor. After synthesizing key findings from the review, the article discusses methodological implications. We propose that a computational science approach, particularly agent-based modeling, is a fruitful path for future leadership research. This article contributes to leadership scholarship by shedding light on a missing variable (time) and offering …

Decálogo De Competencias Y Sus Indicadores Para Gestión De Capital Humano Universitario, Azucena Leticia Herrera Aguado

Management Faculty Publications

La presente investigación es cuantitativa y se enfoca a analizar las percepciones de una muestra de sujetos participantes en programas de posgrado de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, en torno a los indicadores de competencias que deben estar presentes en el perfil del docente.

Los hallazgos del presente consisten en un modelo de perfil de puesto con los indicadores de competencia que debe poseer el docente de posgrado, agrupados en un decálogo de competencias.

El modelo expuesto es un referente innovador de la teoría de competencias docentes para diseño de políticas y programas aplicables a personal docente universitario, bajo …

The Role Of Human Resource-Related Quality Management Practices In New Product Development: A Dynamic Capability Perspective, Leopoldo J. Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Vanesa Barrales-Molina, Hale Kaynak

Management Faculty Publications

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to adopt the dynamic capability (DC) view as a theoretical framework to empirically investigate the relationships among human resource (HR)-related quality management (QM) practices: new product development (NPD) as a specific DC, learning orientation, knowledge integration, and strategic flexibility. Learning orientation and knowledge integration represent two antecedents of strategic flexibility, and strategic flexibility is the developed ability that facilitates NPD.

Design/methodology/approach

To empirically test the relationships, the authors used data from 236 European firms and performed structural equation modeling.

Findings

Results indicate that HR-related QM practices contribute to creating a learning-oriented company, integrating …

Promoting Harmonious Work Passion Among Unmotivated Employees: A Two-Nation Investigation Of The Compensatory Function Of Cooperative Psychological Climate, Violet T. Ho, Dejun Tony Kong, Chay-Hoon Lee, Phillippe Dubreuil, Jacques Forest

Management Faculty Publications

This research draws on self-determination theory to investigate (a) the role of cooperative psychological climate in promoting harmonious work passion among employees with low intrinsic motivation; and (b) the mediating role of harmonious passion in linking cooperative psychological climate to behavioral outcomes. We propose that cooperative psychological climate facilitates harmonious passion and, in particular, plays a compensatory role among employees with low intrinsic motivation. In turn, harmonious passion is expected to facilitate both task performance and interpersonal helping, thereby linking cooperative psychological climate to these employee behaviors. We test the model using data from employees and their supervisors across two …

How Client Capabilities, Vendor Configuration And Location Impact Bpo Outcomes, Jonathan W. Whitaker, Sanjeev Kumar, M. S. Krishnan

Management Faculty Publications

Despite the increasing use of onshore and offshore business process outsourcing (BPO), a comprehensive literature review [38] finds that there has been limited empirical research on BPO outcomes. This article responds to the call for research by developing and testing a conceptual model for BPO outcomes using data from 50 firms publicly traded in the U.S., including 38 firms in the Forbes Global 2000. We find that client firm capabilities, vendor configuration, and country location lead to interesting tradeoffs in the BPO quality, cost, and time outcomes. For example, while multi-sourcing offers advantages such as risk mitigation, client firms encounter …

Factors Associated With Prolonged Length Of Stay For Elective Hepatobiliary And Neurosurgery Patients: A Retrospective Medical Record Review, Siu Yin Lee, Soo-Hoon Lee, Jenny H.H. Tan, Howard S.L. Foo, Phillip H. Phan, Alfred W.C. Kow, Sein Lwin, Penelope M.Y. Seah, Siti Zubaidah Mordiffi

Management Faculty Publications

Background: Patients with prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) not only increase their risks of nosocomial infections but also deny other patients access to inpatient care. Hepatobiliary (HPB) malignancies have some of highest incidences in East and Southeast Asia and the management of patients undergoing HPB surgeries have yet to be standardized. With improved neurosurgery techniques for intracranial aneurysms and tumors, neurosurgeries (NS) can be expected to increase. Elective surgeries account for far more operations than emergencies surgeries. Thus, with potentially increased numbers of elective HPB and NS, this study seeks to explore perioperative factors associated with prolonged LOS for …

Corporate Governance Deviance, Ruth V. Aguilera, William Q. Judge, Siri A. Terjesen

Management Faculty Publications

We develop the concept of corporate governance deviance and seek to understand why, when, and how a firm adopts governance practices that do not conform to the dominant governance logic. Drawing on institutional theory, coupled with both the entrepreneurship and corporate governance literature, we advance a middle-range theory of the antecedents of corporate governance deviance that considers both the institutional context and firm-level agency. Specifically, we highlight the centrality of a firm's entrepreneurial identity as it interacts with the national governance logic to jointly create corporate governance discretion (i.e., the latitude of accessible governance practices) within the firm. We argue …

Employee And Coworker Idiosyncratic Deals: Implications For Emotional Exhaustion And Deviant Behaviors, Dejun Tony Kong, Violet T. Ho, Sargam Garg

Management Faculty Publications

By integrating conservation of resources and social comparison perspectives, we seek to investigate how employees’ own i-deals, independently from and jointly with their coworker’s i-deals, determine their emotional exhaustion and subsequent deviant behaviors. We conducted a field study (131 coworker dyads) focusing on task i-deals, and used Actor–Partner Interdependence Model and polynomial regression to test the hypotheses. We found that emotional exhaustion not only mediated the negative relationship between employees’ own task i-deals and deviant behaviors, but also mediated the positive relationship between upward social comparison of task i-deals (i.e., a coworker’s vs own task i-deals) and deviant behaviors. These …

Disentangling Passion And Engagement: An Examination Of How And When Passionate Employees Become Engaged Ones, Violet T. Ho, Marina N. Astakhova

Management Faculty Publications

While anecdotal industry evidence indicates that passionate workers are engaged workers, research has yet to understand how and when job passion and engagement are related. To answer the how question, we draw from person-environment fit theory to test, and find support for, the mediating roles of perceived demands-abilities (D-A) fit and person-organization (P-O) fit in the relationships between passion and job engagement, and between passion and organizational engagement, respectively. Also, because the obsessive form of passion is contingency-driven, we answer the when question by adopting a target-similarity approach to test the contingent role of multi-foci trust in the obsessive passion-to-engagement …

Predicting Entrepreneurial Burnout In A Moderated Mediated Model Of Job Fit, Eva De Mol, Violet T. Ho, Jeffrey M. Pollack

Management Faculty Publications

We introduce, and empirically test, a model of entrepreneurial burnout that highlights the relationships among job fit, entrepreneurial passion, destiny beliefs, and burnout. Using a sample of 326 individuals involved in entrepreneurial jobs, we tested the link between job fit and two forms of passion—harmonious and obsessive—and the moderating role of entrepreneurs' destiny beliefs about work (i.e., the belief that a successful career is “meant to be”). Findings illustrated that their job fit perceptions were positively related to harmonious passion, which in turn negatively predicted burnout. Additionally, the relationship between job fit and obsessive passion was moderated by destiny beliefs, …