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Articles 421 - 450 of 472
Full-Text Articles in Business
Performance Testing With Presentation Graphics, Floyd Brock
Performance Testing With Presentation Graphics, Floyd Brock
Journal of International Information Management
Testing for computer literacy requires extensive administration and controls. The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of computerized, projected quizzes in which students' performances (correct/minute) were measured. part of these performance quizzes, a series of 16 screens with 48 matching questions were shown for one minute per screen to 64 students. Six weeks later, an improved series of 20 screens with 60 matching questions were shown to 61 students. Last, these two quizzes were compared with a final power quiz with 90 matching questions that was printed on paper. The results showed that students did as well …
A Differential Refresh Scheme For Remote End-User's Views, David Chao, George Diehr, Aditya N. Saharia
A Differential Refresh Scheme For Remote End-User's Views, David Chao, George Diehr, Aditya N. Saharia
Journal of International Information Management
The growth of end-user computing and recent developments in information technology, such as client/server architecture and data warehouse, promote the use of remote materialized views (RMVs) to support end-users. This article presents a differential scheme to refresh remote end-user's views. The scheme stores the effects of updates relevant to the RMV in a "difference table" which is transmitted to the remote site upon receiving the refresh request to update the RMV. The scheme provides a fast response to a user's refresh request. We discuss the data structures and algorithms of the scheme. Performance measures are developed and compared with the …
Modeling Information Technology Impacts In Clerical Work Environments, Brian D. Lynch, Robert P. Cerveny, G. Lawrence Sanders, Frank J. Krzystofiak, Fred E. Dansereau
Modeling Information Technology Impacts In Clerical Work Environments, Brian D. Lynch, Robert P. Cerveny, G. Lawrence Sanders, Frank J. Krzystofiak, Fred E. Dansereau
Journal of International Information Management
The industrialization of white collar work via information technology (IT) is a key indicator of the emerging post-industrial economy (Hirschhorn, 1988). A conceptual model linking clerical work environments to effective IT impacts such as IT utilization, IT's perceived ease of use and performance impact was developed and empirically tested. Underlying the model is the premise that clerical job structure is a facilitator of IT impacts (Weber, 1988). The results indicate that clerical job structure factors such as typing, composing or editing, and bookkeeping were significantly related to IT impacts in clerical work settings. A job holder's IT competence and top …
A Multidimensional Framework For Group Decision Support System Research And Design, Santosh S. Venkatraman
A Multidimensional Framework For Group Decision Support System Research And Design, Santosh S. Venkatraman
Journal of International Information Management
Groups are a fundamental and essential part of organizational decision making. A group decision support system (GDSS) attempts to use computer and communications technology to help a group make better decisions. In this paper, previous GDSS research is extended to develop a better framework for future GDSS research and design. Six situational factors are identified; group size, member proximity, task type, group environment, and group development stage; so that a given group decision making situation can be accurately described. To standardize the features across different GDSS, six different levels of GDSS features are also identified. The paper then presents a …
A Neural Network To Predict Civilian Unemployment Rates, Milam Aiken
A Neural Network To Predict Civilian Unemployment Rates, Milam Aiken
Journal of International Information Management
Forecasting national unemployment is one of the most important problems of modern economies, and most researchers have relied upon statistical techniques with their stringent data assumptions and low accuracy rates to predict changes in this macroeconomic data. This paper describes how a neural network using leading economic indicator data can help to predict civilian unemployment rates. Results show that the neural network provides superior estimates of rates one month into the future compared to multi-linear regression and two naive forecasting techniques.
An Empirical Evidence Of Determinant Attributes On Expert Systems Success, Ephrem Eyob
An Empirical Evidence Of Determinant Attributes On Expert Systems Success, Ephrem Eyob
Journal of International Information Management
Expert Systems, in the last decade, have become the target of tremendous positive interest as well as consternation by the information systems professionals and end-users. This study surveyed twenty organizations to examine empirically the level of expert systems user satisfaction and success of these systems as perceived by the respondents of the survey.
Managing Resident Intern Rotation Schedules Using An On-Line, User-Controlled System, Jay M. Lightfoot
Managing Resident Intern Rotation Schedules Using An On-Line, User-Controlled System, Jay M. Lightfoot
Journal of International Information Management
Accredited medical clinics that provide resident programs are faced with the problem of scheduling interns for service rotation. These schedules must meet a complex set of criteria to assure that all services are covered and each resident receives appropriate training. This paper describes the design and implementation of a windows-based resident scheduling system that meets these goals. Following that, the paper discusses the advantages and problems of working in a visual programming environment and outlines future enhancements to the system.
Enhancing Menu-Based Executive Information Systems Using A Natural Language-Menu Guide*, Sumali Conlon, Edward Gillenwater, Chi Hwang
Enhancing Menu-Based Executive Information Systems Using A Natural Language-Menu Guide*, Sumali Conlon, Edward Gillenwater, Chi Hwang
Journal of International Information Management
Ufe argue that current Executive Information Systems (BIS), with simple menu-based user interfaces, support an inadequate range of information needs because a menu base which is too large or changes too rapidly becomes prohibitively difficult to use. We consider an alternative approach to increase executives' access to information bases by incorporating a series of component- specific Natural Language Interfaces (NLI) into the various components of the BIS (database, model base, etc.), and adding a "Natural Language-Menu Guide" (NLMG) to the traditional menu and graphics based executive information systems. The various NLI will allow users to get access to information bases …
Electronic Commerce And The Communication Of Information, Donna Carroll Bigelow
Electronic Commerce And The Communication Of Information, Donna Carroll Bigelow
Theses
Electronic Commerce is a relatively new phenomenon in today's market place. Commerce or the buying and selling of goods and services can take many forms. In the early years of computerization. commercial activities revolved around the exchange of financial data between businesses and banks (Electronic Funds Transfer). Then businesses began exploring the transfer of data in an electronic format between individual businesses in the form of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). Over time much broader types of business transactions began occurring. Data exchange included inventory items, marketing. sales materials, product design. Items which were sent via mail took on an electronic …
Hypertext And The Docuverse: A Research Memo, Roger A. Lohmann
Hypertext And The Docuverse: A Research Memo, Roger A. Lohmann
Faculty & Staff Scholarship
The term docuverse was first developed by Apple Computer guru Allen Kay in the late 1960’s. The underlying idea can be traced back decades earlier, to the visionary Vannevar Bush and the Memex (Bush, 1945). According to Kay, a docuverse is a set of related documents together with the linkages between them. In this paper, a docuverse is conceived as a collection of related scholarly documents together with the links, ties and bonds that can bring them together into an integrated logical and conceptual whole. Kay who also coined the term hypertext, which refers to an electronic document with existing …
Gdss And Idea Generation: A Theoretical Examination Of Technology Supported Group Creativity, J. Robert Evaristo, Michael A. Eierman
Gdss And Idea Generation: A Theoretical Examination Of Technology Supported Group Creativity, J. Robert Evaristo, Michael A. Eierman
Journal of International Information Management
While the importance of creativity and innovation in organizations continues to grow, many organizations rely on questionable mechanisms such as group brainstorming and other such techniques to facilitate creativity. Group decision support systems (GDSS) promise to provide an effective means of enhancing group creativity. However, much of the research on GDSS focuses on group processes. This paper takes the position that the individual is the primary determinant of group creativity and develops a model of the individual process of idea generation. This model is applied to GDSS to examine the implications of this perspective on group creativity output.
Fast Cycle Time And The Role Of Information Technology: A Framework For Analysis, Amarnath Prakash
Fast Cycle Time And The Role Of Information Technology: A Framework For Analysis, Amarnath Prakash
Journal of International Information Management
Achieving fast cycle time is increasingly becoming an overriding objective for organizations wanting to succeed in the global business environment. In such an increasingly competitive and global environment of declining margins, information technology is both driving and enabling business. The focus of these organizations is the adoption of a fast cycle time (FCT) strategy that achieves increased customer satisfaction and/or cost reduction. This paper examines the organizational processes in the context of interdependence, and indentifies areas where information technology can play a pivotal role in bringing about an effective and responsive transformation. It also, with the help of a framework, …
Social Influence Effects On Remote Group Interactions, Ross Hightower, Constanza Hagmann
Social Influence Effects On Remote Group Interactions, Ross Hightower, Constanza Hagmann
Journal of International Information Management
This paper discusses the results of an experiment exploring the effects of information technology intervention on decision making groups. Specifically, the study examines the effects communication modality {remote vs. face-to-face) and information load on the types of social influence used by group members and the amount of group polarization or choice shift exhibited by group members. The findings suggest that face-to-face groups use more informational influence than remote groups and that this difference increases as information load increases. Also, face-to-face groups experienced greater choice shift than remote groups at high information loads.
A Generalized Methodology For Spreadsheet Applications (Gmsa), Jack T. Marchewka, Joseph L. Sessum
A Generalized Methodology For Spreadsheet Applications (Gmsa), Jack T. Marchewka, Joseph L. Sessum
Journal of International Information Management
Most information system methodologies are intended to be used by information systems (IS) professionals. However, few tools and methodologies have been proposed and developed for the non-IS professional. The methodology presented in this paper is designed to provide the non-IS professional with a set of tools to take advantage of the rich features associated with present spreadsheet software packages. Moreover, the methodology presented in this paper is intended to serve as an education and training device to aid in the identification and subsequent solution of general business problems without requiring total reliance on the features of any specific spreadsheet software …
Solver And Backsolver New Additions To The Manager's Computerized Tool Kit, Richard R. Lebsack
Solver And Backsolver New Additions To The Manager's Computerized Tool Kit, Richard R. Lebsack
Journal of International Information Management
This article describes and illustrates the use of two spreadsheet problem-solving tools— Solver and Backsolver. These tools are available in high-end software spreadsheet packages such as Lotus 1-2-3 for Windows and Excel for Windows. The illustrations and examples provided in this article use 1-2-3 for Windows and Windows 3.1 as the operating platform. Any business owner using a DOS based operating system and the Windows Graphical User Interface has access to the Solver and Backsolver. Both tools utilize a form of what-if analysis. Traditional what-if analysis requires that the business owner manually alter the contents of a spreadsheet cell and …
Management Information Systems Professionals—The Requirement To Be True Renaissance People Within The Organization, Paul Buddy Clark
Management Information Systems Professionals—The Requirement To Be True Renaissance People Within The Organization, Paul Buddy Clark
Journal of International Information Management
Management Information Systems (MIS) is not simply data processing, nor computer science, nor computer services, nor computer information systems, nor computer information services, nor information systems. Management Information Systems is a comprehensive, academic and business discipline requiring a knowledge of business operations as a whole, the human decision making cognitive process, plus automated processing of data into information. This paper suggests that, as opposed to only being highly technical individuals as they are often viewed, MIS professionals must have a knowledge of various business functions and the nature of the related decision making timeframes plus draw on and blend knowledge …
Mosaic: A Dynamic Menu Interface For End Users And System Administrators, Jay M. Lightfoot
Mosaic: A Dynamic Menu Interface For End Users And System Administrators, Jay M. Lightfoot
Journal of International Information Management
The environment for corporate computing has become much more complex than the average end user is willing to comprehend. A solution to this problem is the development of menu shells and user-interface management systems. This paper describes the design and use of a menu shell called Mosaic. In addition to the traditional shell function of running user programs, Mosaic provides security, improves data integrity, furnishes debugging and data usage support, and aids the system administrator in day-to-day tasks. Mosaic was used successfully at a medium- sized electronics corporation for two years.
Top Management Perception Of Strategic Information Processing In A Turbulent Environment, Pien Wang, Peng S. Chan
Top Management Perception Of Strategic Information Processing In A Turbulent Environment, Pien Wang, Peng S. Chan
Journal of International Information Management
Extant strategic management literature provides only partial answer to the important question: What variables affect top managers' ability to process complicated, novel, ambiguous, or dynamic strategic information in a turbulent environment? Drawn upon cognitive psychology, personality theory, management theory, organizational theory, and management information systems literatures, this paper proposes that nine personal attributes and four contextual attributes affect top managers' information processing capability. The nine personal attributes are: cognitive complexity, knowledge, mental model of success, open-mindedness, time orientation, personal values, tolerance for ambiguity, locus of control, and time devoted to environmental scanning. The four contextual attributes are: rewards and incentives, …
Developing An Optimization Model For Two-Operator Data Entry, Roger G. Nibler
Developing An Optimization Model For Two-Operator Data Entry, Roger G. Nibler
Journal of International Information Management
Firms sometimes use two-operator data entry as a method to achieve or maintain database quality. When in-house staff are used, the firm typically selects data entry operators from a pool of junior staff and then assigns them into operator pairs, often on a random basis. Keying discrepan cies between operator pairs are compared to determine incorrect entries, in the same row and column. Because the likelihood of making an error on a given key varies among operators, the objective of this study was to optimize database quality by systematically matching operators. The model was developed by having 32 operators key …
A Study Of End User Anxiety And Attitude In Computer Conferencing, Nabil Alghalith
A Study Of End User Anxiety And Attitude In Computer Conferencing, Nabil Alghalith
Journal of International Information Management
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of Computer Conferencing (CC) training and use on end users' computer anxiety level and general attitudes toward computers. The study was conducted for a four-month semester. Forty students from two sections of introductory level Management Information Systems course participated in the study. Participants took the Computer Anxiety Rating Scale (CARS) at the beginning and at the end of the semester. Reactions to a Computer Conferencing survey was given at the end of the semester. Participants in each of the two sections were randomly assigned to small groups to do cases …
Theoretical Framework For A Comprehensive Model Of End User Acceptance, Friedrich Jacobi, Karen Forcht, Faye P. Teer
Theoretical Framework For A Comprehensive Model Of End User Acceptance, Friedrich Jacobi, Karen Forcht, Faye P. Teer
Journal of International Information Management
Numerous previous studies in the area of user acceptance have proposed several models of user acceptance. These studies have each investigated different components of the user acceptance model. No significant research has been accomplished to combine factors which influence user acceptance into one overall model, which then could be subject of further validation. The purpose of this paper is to provide the foundation for a comprehensive model of user acceptance by building a theoretical framework that brings together individual models of user acceptance.
The Use Of Quality Function Deployment In Systems Development: A Case Study, Michael D. Myers, Kambiz Maani
The Use Of Quality Function Deployment In Systems Development: A Case Study, Michael D. Myers, Kambiz Maani
Journal of International Information Management
It is now generally recognized that organizations need great flexibility to remain competitive. This paper looks at one company's attempt to mandate flexibility by the use of a technique known as Quality Function Deployment (QFD). QFD is a customer-driven planning and communication process for designing, developing or improving products or services, and is a particular implementation of the Total Quality Management philosophy. The QFD approach is multi-functional-various stakeholders in the design process come together from the project's inception to concurrently plan, design and produce a product or service. In this particular case the company has not only applied the principles …
Microsoft Powerpoint For Windows 4.0, Frank M. Lin
Microsoft Powerpoint For Windows 4.0, Frank M. Lin
Journal of International Information Management
Starting in 1994, professional presentation using presentation graphic programs has become a norm. Everyone began using presentation graphics; Professors give presentations to students on their lectures. Students are also required to give presentations in class.
Emoticons: Breaking Down E-Mail Facilitated Communication, Patrick Mcinturff, Pat Mcinturff
Emoticons: Breaking Down E-Mail Facilitated Communication, Patrick Mcinturff, Pat Mcinturff
Journal of International Information Management
The use of E-Mail expedites the rapid transfer of facts, data and reports, making the Information Super Highway an efficient communicative process. However, E-Mail is not historically well suited for personal, quality, one-on-one communication. The purpose of this article is to discuss devices, techniques and strategies to enhance the personal nature of E-Mail transfers.
Is End User Productivity An Oxymoron?, Barbara A. Schuldt
Is End User Productivity An Oxymoron?, Barbara A. Schuldt
Journal of International Information Management
The primary goal of end user computing is to increase the productivity of the end user. By using information technology the end users have changed the scope and depth of their job tasks, making productivity changes hard to measure.
Managing The Motivation Of Information Technology Staff For Higher Organizational Productivity And Employee Job Satisfaction, Ephrem Eyob
Journal of International Information Management
Motivating Information Technoloty (IT) employees has become more and more difficult because of the rapid technological changes and global competitiveness in the marketplace. IT managers can use a plethora of techniques to improve staff productivity and quality of output through better employee motivation techniques. This paper discusses some of those methods that can improve productivity as well as staff satisfaction with their work.
Measuring The Impact Of Information Systems, Warren Adis
Measuring The Impact Of Information Systems, Warren Adis
Journal of International Information Management
For the last 35 years, the business strategy of corporate America has been to equate information services (IS) spending with business growth, increased re\'enue, and overall business success. This logic was based on the premise that productivity gains can be realized through efficient and effective delivery of business transactions and decision support. Yet, after significant financial resources have been invested in IS technology, the relationship between IS investments and business outcomes is still supported largely with anecdotal evidence and productivity measurements that mainly emphasize technical benchmarks. Such productivity criteria as volume throughput, shorter response time, and decreased processing costs, while …
Production Planning In Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using An Expert System, Shivaji B. Khade, Eleftherios G. Tsacle
Production Planning In Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using An Expert System, Shivaji B. Khade, Eleftherios G. Tsacle
Journal of International Information Management
This paper deals with generating a near optimal production plan for Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS). The production plan is one of the most important aspects for the efficient operation of FMS. First, we define the scope of the production planning problem. Then we develop a set of production rules to be used in an expert system approach to the problem. The expert system has been implemented in Guru 2.0, an expert system development tool. The performance of this expert system is evaluated using a set of small to medium-size problem data. Based on the test results, the expert system approach …
Computer Ethics And Type Of Computer Used, Wallace A. Wood
Computer Ethics And Type Of Computer Used, Wallace A. Wood
Journal of International Information Management
The widespread use of microcomputers has introduced the issue of computer ethics to a larger and more diverse population than was the case with traditional mainframe computing. An ever-increasing larger number of people must now deal on a daily basis with ethical issues involving the use of information technology. This paper addresses the question of whether the ethical views of computer users is dependent on the type of computer used. The results should be of value in focusing institutional efforts on addressing the ethical uses of technology.
The Use Of Information Technology And Computer Mediated Communication Systems In A Downsized Corporation, Lutfus Sayeed, Robert H. Moorman
The Use Of Information Technology And Computer Mediated Communication Systems In A Downsized Corporation, Lutfus Sayeed, Robert H. Moorman
Journal of International Information Management
Information technology and computer mediated communication system usage was measured in a large, technology driven downsized corporate division. Specific interest was given to the ways in which current computer usage may differ from reviews written in the 1980s. Our results suggest that, though some similarities exist between the earlier reviews and our survey, differences in IT usage also exist. Additionally, we found the inclusion of CMCS questions in our measure significantly changed the degree to which computers are used by all levels and departments within an organization. Reasons for the similarities and differences in our descriptions of computer usage in …