Business Commons^™

Legal, Professional, And Ethical Issues In Identifying Bias In Artificial Intelligence-Based Personnel Selection, Dennis Doverspike, Arthur Winfred, Rosanna Miguel

2025 Faculty Bibliography

Although still in its infancy, the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) in personnel selection has sparked concerns regarding potential implications for bias, fairness, discrimination, and unethical decision-making. This article delves into the complex issue of AI-based personnel selection as it pertains to the preceding concerns, exploring key definitions, bias-assessment methodologies, legal frameworks, professional and government considerations, and ethical dilemmas unique to AI-based selection. The critical role of consulting and industrial-organizational psychologists in ensuring fairness, validity, and nondiscrimination in the selection process is emphasized. The need for transparency, informed consent, and a holistic consideration of diversity/validity in the design of AI-based …

Is Your Supply Chain Breaking Down? Call Aaa For Resilience Assistance, Andrew Zeisler, Mikaella Polyviou, Adegoke Oke, A. Michael Knemeyer, Keely Croxton

2025 Faculty Bibliography

Supply chain disruptions regularly interrupt the normal operations of organizations, impairing their financial, operational, and service performance. Therefore, organizations must develop capabilities to enhance their resilience–their ability to anticipate, overcome, and transform after disruptions. The literature proposes that agility, adaptability, and alignment (AAA capabilities) enhance long-term organizational success but does not explicitly link these AAA capabilities to resilience. Motivated by conversations with senior supply chain leaders, our research explores how organizations utilize practices, behaviors, and structures to build AAA capabilities in their pursuit of resilience over different phases of disruption. We use a grounded theory approach, conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews …

Cultural Relativism: Addressing Diversity And Expression Of Culture Through Dress, Robert L. Woods, Maureen Archer-Festa, Rachel Raskin, Alyssa Dana Dana Adomaitis

Publications and Research

As America becomes more diverse, so do postsecondary institutions. While they also reflect the world's political, social, and economic climate, institutions of higher learning continuously seek newer and inventive ways to include better culturally diverse students in their programs and campus life. Multicultural education is a set of educational strategies developed to teach students about diverse groups' histories, cultures, and contributions. Moreover, Multiculturalism has become a way of teaching that promotes inclusion, diversity, and democratic learning. If left unaddressed, however, it can breed biases that isolate students, manifest hate crimes, and increase a school's retention rates (Gruman, 2016). Having received …

Prospector Orientation And Csr: The Moderating Role Of National Philanthropic Environments, Alexey V. Semenov, Arilova Randrianasolo

Funded Scholarship

Existing research often frames firms with a prospector orientation as integrating corporate social responsibility (CSR) to enhance reputation and competitiveness. However, this perspective typically relies on the resource-based view (RBV) and overlooks the institutional context that influences CSR. Addressing this gap, we examine how national philanthropic environment (NPE), a component of the normative institutional environment, moderates the relationship between prospector orientation and CSR. Drawing on institutional theory and RBV, we analyze cross-country, firm-level data from 262 companies across 10 countries. Using hierarchical linear modeling, we find that in countries with high NPE, prospector orientation is positively associated with CSR, whereas …

Digital Battlegrounds: The Power Dynamics And Governance Of Contemporary Platforms, Richard A. Hunt, David M. Townsend, Joseph J. Simpson, Robert Nugent, Maximilian Stallkamp, Esin Bozdag

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

The ubiquity of digital platforms is undeniable, as is their transactional efficiency and world-flattening possibilities. Yet, these platforms are contested battlegrounds where stakeholder power struggles reflect and influence broader societal turbulence. In the emerging era, alongside the blinding speed and global reach of the gig economy are looming specters of rentier capitalism, digiserfdom, misinformation, data exploitation, digital addiction, and near-ungovernable algorithmic agents. To date, scholarly focus on digital platforms has been on their transactional features and impacts, dimensionalizing governance mechanisms as emanating from old economy conceptions of bottom-up or top-down checks and balances, or incentives and efficiencies. These emphases, while …

Sounds Of Silence: Using The Stereotype Content Model To Understand Perceptions Of Introverts And Extraverts At Work, Mallory A. Mccord

Psychology Faculty Publications

This paper drew on the stereotype content model (SCM) to clarify cultural stereotypes about introverted and extraverted people at work to increase our understanding of the stereotype-driven process that may lead to negative responses to introversion and subsequent detriment to employee health and well-being. The hypothesis that introverted workers would be rated as lower in warmth and competence than extraverted workers was examined across three studies. Study 1 used qualitative content analyses to assess open responses that freely described introverted and extraverted colleagues. Study 2 tested the hypothesis quantitatively using established measures of warmth and competence. Finally, Study 3 tested …

The Historical Evolution Of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Foreword To The Eli Guidance, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah

Other Publications

This issue includes the “ELI Report on Company Capital and Financial Accounting for Corporate Sustainability” and accompanying studies, including Anne Le Manh, https://doi.org/10.1515/ael-2021-0041, “Accounting Policies and Dividend Limitation: A European Comparison”, and country reports from Germany, Italy, France, Croatia, Japan, and the UK. The focus of the Report is on environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations, which “concern broad matters pointing to the sustainable and responsible long-term relationship of companies with stakeholders, society and nature … In this context, an important and timely debate is ongoing as to how companies could and should be sustainable and responsible for the benefit …

Are Csr Incidents Truly Bad News?, Chen Chen, John A. Doukas, Rongyao Gloria Zhang

Finance Faculty Publications

We revisit whether disclosures of negative Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) incidents adversely affect firms' stock prices. While univariate tests reveal significant negative abnormal returns around incident announcements, the effect disappears once firm characteristics, industry, and time‐fixed effects are controlled for. We find no robust evidence that CSR incidents or firms' Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) commitments influence stock price reactions on the event day or across broader windows. These results suggest that previously documented negative market responses may be attributable to endogeneity. Our baseline results are consistent with informed trading behavior: short‐sellers do not increase activity in incident‐related stocks relative …

The Impact Of Short-Term Rental Activity On House Prices: Evidence From Coastal Virginia, Navid Safari, Lei Zhang, Timothy M. Komarek

Finance Faculty Publications

Short-term rentals such as Airbnb have grown substantially in recent years. In this study, we investigated the effect of Airbnb rentals on neighboring house prices in Hampton Roads, Virginia. We focus on three different measures of Airbnb activity to obtain more robust results. Our measures include active Airbnb listings, active listings with at least one reservation, and the sum of reservations over three different periods. Consistent with previous literature, our main results show that prior Airbnb rental activity has a positive impact on the surrounding housing sales prices. Furthermore, the localized impact diminishes over geographic space (i.e., distances greater than …

Labor Heterogeneity, Labor Adjustment Costs, And Externally Financed Firm Growth, Enxi An, Kenneth Yung

Finance Faculty Publications

Highlights

• Because skilled workers entail higher hiring and firing expenses, firms tend to retain skilled workers in the face of the high labor adjustment costs (LACs).

• The retention of skilled workers imposes inflexibility on business operations and exposes firms to cash flow shocks.

• Firms with high LACs hoard precautionary cash in the face of higher cash flow risk.

• We find a positive relationship between LACs and externally financed firm growth.

• Equity is the major source of external funds for firm growth in the face of high LACs.

• The retention of skilled workers elevates conflicts …

The Role Of Intangible Assets In Shaping Firm Value, Feng Dong, John Doukas

Finance Faculty Publications

This study introduces a new metric to evaluate a firm's intangible asset intensity, focusing on its ability to generate revenue from nonphysical assets. It finds a strong positive correlation between firm performance and both internally generated and externally acquired intangible assets. Firms with high intangible intensity outperform peers by 3% annually. The oversight of intangible assets is identified as a factor in value stocks' underperformance. Rigorous tests, including endogeneity checks, confirm these firms exhibit superior accounting quality, labour investment efficiency and acquisition returns. A framework highlights how managerial attributes enhance firm value through decision-making.

Artificial Intelligence And Digital Technologies In Finance: A Comprehensive Review, Soudeh Pazouki, Mohamad Jamshidi, Mirarmia Jalali, Arya Tafreshi

Finance Faculty Publications

This study explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies on the financial technology (FinTech) industry, highlighting their role in fostering business growth, operational efficiency, and enhanced customer engagement. AI-driven strategies have unlocked new avenues for streamlining workflows, boosting productivity, and expanding financial inclusion by reaching underrepresented populations. However, these advancements also pose challenges, including navigating complex regulatory frameworks and adapting to the rapidly evolving technological landscape. This paper delves into the macroeconomic effects of AI, examining its influence on labor markets, consumer behavior, and organizational success. Furthermore, the paper discusses blockchain applications and their potential to …

Transformative Impact Of Ai And Digital Technologies On The Fintech Industry: A Comprehensive Review, Soudeh Pazouki, Behdad Jamshidi, Armia Jalali, Arya Tafreshi

Finance Faculty Publications

This paper examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies on the financial technology (FinTech) industry and demonstrates how AI- enabled strategies are increasing the ability of businesses not only to grow, but also to better serve their customers through operational efficiencies. But as immersive as the technological advancements may be, they present challenges in connection with increasingly complicated licensing regulations and a constantly evolving technological landscape. We examine the way AI and algorithms are streamlining workflows, enhancing productivity and expanding access to financial resources for traditionally under – served populations. The paper also discusses the macroeconomic implications …

Does The Acquirer's Complexity Affect The Market Reaction To M&A Decisions?, Rajib Chowdhury, John A. Doukas

Finance Faculty Publications

We examine whether and how acquiring firms' complexity affects investor perception at the announcement of M&A decisions. Using well-established data of firm complexity developed through combining machine learning and a lexicon of words, we find a significant positive relationship between acquiring firm complexity and cumulative abnormal returns (CAR), indicating that more intricate firms are viewed as more valuable or competent in mergers and acquisitions. This association is stronger for acquirers with high operating risk, organizational capital, R&D intensity, large and independent boards, and larger targets. We also present evidence that high-complexity bidders offer higher takeover premiums. Our study contributes to …

Llms Enhance Emotional Expression While Maintaining Analytical Depth In News Writing, Samuel Mazzone, Jonah Harlan, Larry Zhiming Xu, Terence T. Ow

Management Faculty Research and Publications

As the impact of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) becomes increasingly evident in automated journalism, leveraging its potential while mitigating the risks becomes a priority in research. To address this need, our study evaluated the performance of large language models (LLMs) in news writing. We tested 11 LLMs by having them rewrite headlines and content from articles published by Milwaukee Neighborhood News Service (NNS) between 2011 and 2023. The analysis and comparison of 3,623 human-written and 39,853 AI-adapted news pieces showed that different LLMs consistently enhanced emotional expression in headlines (Cohen’s d = .33) and in news content (Cohen’s d = …

Bringing Self-Determination Theory To The Forefront: Examining How Human Resource Practices Motivate Employees Of All Ages To Succeed, Rick A. Laguerre, Janet L. Barnes-Farrell

Management Faculty Research and Publications

Self-determination theory (SDT) is widely used in human resource (HR) practice studies to explain how HR practices impact work outcomes. However, there is little empirical evidence establishing the complete SDT mediational process in the HR domain, which entails basic psychological needs and motivation acting as mediators of relations between HR practices and work outcomes. The present study addresses this issue with a mixed methods approach. Using an item classification task with subject matter experts (N = 48), HR practices were classified as autonomy-, competence-, and relatedness-supportive. Based on this scheme, we tested an SDT-based conceptual model in a three-wave …

Academic Clustering For Athletes, Reginald Overton, Bob Case, Michael Ross

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

A trend is developing in academia as it relates to Student-Athletes and advisement practices. With the NIL deals and transfer portals on the continually evolving forefront of collegiate athletics it is difficult to keep the athletes not only eligible to compete but also on track to obtain a degree. A student athlete may be advised to take the track of an Integrated Studies degree and then a transfer to or from a Sport Management Degree. This occurs throughout both the undergraduate and graduate levels of higher education. In addition, certificate programs in athletic administration, sport marketing, sport management, and sport …

Global Horizons: International Considerations Within Sport Management, Michael Ross, Reginald Overton, Bob Case

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

As experiential learning becomes increasingly prioritized within sport management curriculums found across the nation, an emerging need for a more in-depth understanding of the globalization of sport has become evident. Professional, collegiate, and even high school sports are displaying a global footprint though international competition and experiencing increased numbers of international players within their rosters.

While those of us in the academic realm continue to bridge the gap between academia and industry, it is essential to enhance the global perspective of our students by incorporating more international opportunities, such as study abroad programs, that blend academic components with real-world sports …

Mcdonald’S Corporation Case Analysis Fall 2025, Madalynn Janousek

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

McDonald’s Corporation has experienced rapid growth and expansion across the United States and globally, entering diverse markets despite evolving regulations, dietary trends, and consumer preferences. The company’s marketing strategies and ability to adapt have been strongly influenced by the leadership of its CEOs over time. Most recently, CEO Chris Kempczinski has been tasked with guiding the company through a post–COVID-19 market marked by staffing shortages, economic pressures, declining customer service, and rising consumer expectations. While McDonald’s continues to hold a significant share of the market, it must invest in improved customer service, innovative marketing, and healthier menu options to remain …

Acc 362: Cryptoassets & Accounting Implications, Sean Stein Smith

Open Educational Resources

AI Policy and course materials (case studies) for course ACC 362: Cryptoassets & Accounting Implications.

A Power Dependence Model Of The Impact Of Leader Impostorism On Supervisor Support And Undermining: The Moderating Role Of Power Distance, Xueqi Wen, Zihan Liu, Feng Qiu, Keith Leavitt, Xingyu Wang, Ziyang Tang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Leaders, often perceived as possessing exceptional confidence and competence, are not immune to feelings of self-doubt. Leader impostorism describes the experience that one’s attributes, experiences, skills, and abilities fall short of the standards expected in the leadership role, resulting in a sense of deception in fulfilling leadership responsibilities. While existing research has examined the antecedents and individual outcomes of leader impostorism, its implications for leaders’ treatment of subordinates remain largely unexplored. In this research, we investigate the downstream consequences of leader impostorism on behaviors directed toward subordinates. Integrating research on leader impostorism with power dependence theory, we propose that for …

Innovation Reputation And Market Capitalization: The Moderations Of Firm Size, Industry, And Asset Efficiency, Arilova Randrianasolo, Alexey V. Semenov

Funded Scholarship

Purpose – This study investigates the utility of innovation reputation in boosting stock market valuations by examining the influences of firm size, industry and asset efficiency on the focal relationship.

Design/methodology/approach – The moderations were tested across two studies. Study 1 (N = 500) analyzed the influence of innovation reputation on market capitalization and the firm size moderation across manufacturing and service firms. Study 2 (N = 100) assessed the moderations of firm size and asset efficiency in high-vs low-innovation industries.

Findings – Results indicate that innovation reputation significantly predicts market capitalization, with a stronger effect for larger firms. This …

Bogging Down Investors: An Unintended Consequence Of Litigation Risk, Siwen Fu, Ke Wang, Liandong Zhang, Liu Zheng

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Securities litigation risk is a well-recognized yet underexplored source of financial reporting complexity or unreadability. This study examines the effect of litigation risk on the readability of corporate financial reports. The 1999 Silicon Graphics Inc. (SGI) court ruling unexpectedly reduced litigation risk for firms within the Ninth Circuit Court’s jurisdiction. Using a difference-in-differences design centered on the SGI court ruling, we find that, while the readability of financial reports generally declines over the sample period, treated firms in the Ninth Circuit experience a comparatively smaller decline in readability than control firms in other states after the ruling. Put differently, treated …

Breaking The Language Barriers? Machine Translation Technology And Analysts’ Forecasts For Firms With Foreign Operations, Bingxu Fang, Pengkai Lin

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We study the impact of machine translation technology on analysts’ forecasts for firms with foreign operations. Exploiting the staggered rollout of Google Translate’s support for translating foreign languages into English, we find that U.S. analysts improve their forecast accuracy for firms with substantial business exposure to the corresponding foreign countries. We obtain similar evidence using an international sample of analysts covering firms outside their home countries. The improvement in forecast accuracy is greater for analysts with limited language skills or brokerage resources to process foreign information. Further analysis suggests that analysts raise more questions about firms’ foreign exposure during conference …

Seeking New Ground For Managing: An Introduction To The Special Issue On “Awakening To Ourselves, One Another, And The Earth: Awareness Practices And Systems Change”, Kathryn Goldman Schuyler, Lemuel W. Watson, Jochen Reb

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We have created this special issue of the Humanistic Management Journal to explore how the interdependence of humans with one another and the Earth is supported by awareness-based systems change. Together, over a period of many months, we as an editorial team developed the focus and description of what we sought to bring together. The combined research, projects, and practices discussed here respect both science and spiritual traditions as sources of knowledge. The articles are intended to contribute to dialogue and actions that yield meaningful participation of all peoples and help readers see new possibilities for a healthy Earth. We …

Will Labubu Be A Keeper Like Hello Kitty And Pokémon?, Hannah H. Chang, Joy Zhang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In a commentary, SMU Associate Professor of Marketing Hannah Chang and Joy Zhang, a student from United World College of South East Asia, explored the unique qualities that enable certain toy fads to transcend trends and become cultural icons. They also examined the rising popularity of Labubu, offering insights into whether it has the potential to achieve enduring icon status comparable to the likes of Hello Kitty.

Athletic Trainers' Perspectives On Resources And Preparation Needed For Successful Salary Negotiation, Kimberly R. Detwiler, Cailee E. Welch Bacon, Indigo B. White, Leanne E. Jones, Julie M. Cavallario

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context

Many athletic trainers (ATs) work under high stress, long hours, and low pay. These conditions often lead ATs and athletic training students to leave the profession. Previous studies show that over half of ATs do not negotiate salary, often because they feel the offer is fair or fear losing the job. Additional support is needed to help ATs prepare for negotiations, as current resources are limited.

Objective

This study explored ATs’ views on the resources need to prepare for salary negotiations during the hiring process.

Design

Consensual qualitative research.

Setting

Individual video interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-eight participants …

Adapting Project Management Life Cycles For Blockchain Implementation: A Thematic Pilot Study., Cherie Noteboom, Aravindh Sekar, Deb Tech

Research & Publications

Blockchain implementation challenges traditional project management practices due to its decentralized, cross-organizational nature. This exploratory study examines how project management life cycle processes must adapt to support successful blockchain adoption. Using open coding and thematic analysis of five expert interviews, key themes were identified and mapped to the five PMBOK process groups. The findings reveal that blockchain projects demand broader stakeholder engagement, iterative planning, human-centered execution, decentralized monitoring, and long-term sustainability planning. By aligning emergent themes with established project management phases, this study highlights the need for a flexible, ecosystem-focused approach to managing blockchain initiatives. The results offer practical insights …

Customer Service Operations: A Gatekeeper Framework, Maqbool Dada, Brett A. Hathaway, Evgeny Kagan

Faculty Publications

Customer service has evolved beyond in-person visits and phone calls to include live chat, AI chatbots and social media, among other contact options. Service providers typically refer to these contact modalities as “channels”. Within each channel, customer service agents are tasked with managing and resolving a stream of inbound service requests. Each request involves milestones where the agent must decide whether to keep assisting the customer or to transfer them to a more skilled – and often costlier – provider. To understand how this request resolution process should be managed, we develop a model in which each channel is represented …

Enhancing Phygital Customer Experience Through Generative Ai: A Social Listening Method For Strategic Retail Decision-Making, Zahra Dahish, Shah J. Miah, Ameet Pandit, Sanjit K. Roy

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) to transform vast amounts of textual content for strategic insights have been a rapidly growing trend for business researchers. Although various studies have identified applications of GAI in business operations, aspects related to strategic support are yet to be fully developed in the relevant literature. This paper introduces a new GAI-enabled social listening solution that integrates advanced text analytics techniques: (a) Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)–a specialized form of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) adept at capturing long-term dependencies through its memory function over time, and (b) Google BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers). Our …