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Articles 181 - 210 of 258
Full-Text Articles in Modern Languages
Review Of Emblems And Alchemy, By Alison Adams & Stanton J. Linden, Eds., Russell J. Ganim
Review Of Emblems And Alchemy, By Alison Adams & Stanton J. Linden, Eds., Russell J. Ganim
French Language and Literature Papers
Combining revived interest in both the emblem and alchemy, this volume is the third in a series of works on emblem studies published by the French Department at the University of Glasgow. Its ten essays, divided among three major categories entitled, “A Theoretical Perspectives”, “The English Alchemists”, and “Continental Manifestations”, stress inter disciplinarity as they explore the relationships between text, image, and alchemical practice. Broad in scope but detailed in its analyses, the compendium raises several intriguing questions about the correspondence between literature, art, and pseudo-science. Despite the diversity of its topics, the collection is often surprisingly unified in its …
Ramón López Velarde 1888–1921, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Ramón López Velarde 1888–1921, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Spanish Language and Literature Papers
Modern Mexican poetry begins with Ramón López Velarde. He is undoubtedly one of the most genuine poetic voices to inhabit that hard-to-classify period in Spanish American literature that stretches from Modernism to the vanguard poets. As a major representative of Spanish American postmodernismo (that is, the period that followed Modernismo), he is the first writer in Mexico to thematize the Mexican province in a new way. But he ought not be reduced to being the poet of the province. López Velarde was above all the creator of a new poetic language; this alone distinguishes him from González Martínez, for example. …
Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera 1859–1895, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera 1859–1895, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Spanish Language and Literature Papers
Manual Gutiérrez Nájera, one of Mexico's best-known writers of the 19th century, has traditionally been considered one of four precursors of the Modernist period of Spanish American literature (1875–1925). It was customarily believed that the genesis of Modernismo lay in innovations in poetry, thus it was Nájera's poetic production that received the attention of the critics for a long time. In the past few years, however, after careful examination of the modernist writers' prose works, scholars have discovered not only that the first signs of Modernismo are to be found in prose, but that Nájera's major contribution to the modernist …
Enrique González Martínez 1871–1952, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Enrique González Martínez 1871–1952, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Spanish Language and Literature Papers
Some have called González Martínez the last great modernist poet; others prefer to consider him the first of the postmodernists. In the end, both opinions are partially correct. He never completely abandoned certain key features of modernism. Similarly, by avoiding its superficial aspects and focusing instead on the hidden property of things, González Martínez paved the way for a type of poetic sensibility that for the first time in Latin American literature paid attention to local concerns. González Martínez’s poetic production was abundant, even though he led a very active life. He was a medical doctor, professor, and diplomat to …
Se Condouloir Ou Consoler? Les Condoléances Dans Les Manuels Épistolaires De L'Ancien Régime, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
Se Condouloir Ou Consoler? Les Condoléances Dans Les Manuels Épistolaires De L'Ancien Régime, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
French Language and Literature Papers
Si la lettre de consolation suscite l'intérêt des chercheurs depuis un certain temps, l'expression épistolaire des condoléances est moins étudiée, bien que la lettre de condoléance ait peu à peu supplanté celle de consolation. Le propos de cette enquête sera d'examiner l'interpénétration des deux genres et les tensions qui en résultent, en privilégiant les condoléances, le moins étudié des deux genres. Au fond, ces genres représentent deux façons différentes d'approcher le deuil. Se condauloir, c'est 'participer à la douleur de quelqu'un, témoigner qu'on prend part à son déplaisir'. Consoler, c'est 'soulager, adoucir, diminuer l'affliction, la douleur d'une personne' (Dictionnaire …
Locus Amoenus Vs. Locus Terribilis: The Spatial Dynamics Of The Pastoral And The Urban In La Ceppède’S Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Locus Amoenus Vs. Locus Terribilis: The Spatial Dynamics Of The Pastoral And The Urban In La Ceppède’S Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
The opening sonnets of Jean de La Ceppède’s Théorèmes (1613, 1622) present an urban vs. rural conflict that mirrors the dialectic between sin and salvation running throughout the work. La Ceppède’s focus for this struggle becomes the stark contrast between Jerusalem and the garden at the Mount of Olives. Jerusalem, as the place where Christ is persecuted and eventually tried, represents a Babylon-like enclave of transgression, while the garden is portrayed as a site of purity and tranquil reflection. From a literary standpoint, La Ceppède’s emphasis on the clash between dystopian and utopian settings comprises part of his adaptation of …
René Descartes (1596–1650), Thomas M. Carr Jr.
René Descartes (1596–1650), Thomas M. Carr Jr.
French Language and Literature Papers
Mathematician and founder of modern philosophy, known for his distrust of formal rhetoric. The Cartesian method and effort to achieve philosophic certainty are often cited as a challenge to rhetoric; yet, given Descartes's frequent deployment of rhetorical strategies, it is not surprising that his system makes provision for their provisional use. Furthermore, in spite of Descartes's aspiration toward a philosophy beyond rhetoric, postmodern critics find his system an entirely rhetorical construct.
Port-Royalists, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
Port-Royalists, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
French Language and Literature Papers
Seventeenth-Century French Jansenists, authors of the so-called Port-Royal Logic and Grammar. Of the many textbooks written by the Jansenists with ties to the monastery of Port-Royal near Paris, two have significant rhetorical implications: Antoine Arnauld's and Claude Lancelot's General Grammar (1660) and, especially, Arnauld's and Pierre Nicole's Logic or Art of Thinking (1662). The Logic privileges a spare style in which any recourse to the figures must be justified by the subject matter, a distrust of rhetorical methods of invention, and an ideal of transparent language. This approach is born of a convergence of Cartesian epistemology and an Augustinian …
Sharing Grief/Initiating Consolation: Voltaire's Letters Of Condolence, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
Sharing Grief/Initiating Consolation: Voltaire's Letters Of Condolence, Thomas M. Carr Jr.
French Language and Literature Papers
The letter of condolence has generally been neglected by students of epistolary discourse in spite of being located at the intersection of a number of recent critical concerns. Interest among historians of death is shifting from the ars moriendi that prepared the dying for a holy death to the grief of those who mourn the deceased. Second, letters of condolence raise the problem of the representation of grief and the adequacy of language to convey it. Finally, a rhetoric of consolation is implicit in the topoi of condolence selected by the letter writer, and while the consolatory discourse of antiquity …
De Didascalie En Diégèse: Le Fantastique Moderne Et «Un Coeur Simple», Marshall C. Olds
De Didascalie En Diégèse: Le Fantastique Moderne Et «Un Coeur Simple», Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
Rattachée à l'étude des genres chez Flaubert, une question qui reste à approfondir concerne le soin qu'a mis le romancier à éviter l'anachronisme dans ses images diégétiques ainsi que dans ses diverses formulations de la causalité, les deux réseaux appartenant souvent à un même ensemble de données culturelles. On voit dans cette attention de Flaubert un souci d'exactitude historique, certes, mais qui va de paire avec le statut générique de son ouvrage. Déjà dans le conte oriental de sa jeunesse, Flaubert savait que c'était le cas pour le merveilleux: certains genres admettent volontiers l'intervention du surnaturel et se définissent même …
Scientific Verses: Subversion Of Cartesian Theory And Practice In The "Discours A Madame De La Sabliere", Russell J. Ganim
Scientific Verses: Subversion Of Cartesian Theory And Practice In The "Discours A Madame De La Sabliere", Russell J. Ganim
French Language and Literature Papers
Study of the relationship between science and La Fontaine's Fables has a limited, but thought-provoking past. Beverly Ridgely asserts that while La Fontaine represents himself mainly as an "artist" and "moralist" concerned with depicting the irony and comedy of life, he "also had a genuinely studious and reflective side... [with] a real aspiration to write scientific philosophical verse in emulation of such ancient masters as Lucretius and Virgil" (180). Ridgely analyzes the influence of late seventeenth-century cosmic theory on L'astrologue qui se laisse tomber dans un puits and L'horoscope. The two poems attack the concept of judicial astrology, which …
Mallarmé And Internationalism, Marshall C. Olds
Mallarmé And Internationalism, Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
Bertrand Marchal’s welcome new edition of Mallarmé’s early correspondence will surely invite a fresh look at the often subtle intersections between text and hors-texte. The question is an engaging one not only because of Mallarmé’s own pronouncements questioning the mimetic function of literary language but because the oblique referentiality that does occur, sometimes in spite of the poet's overt intentions, points to unexpected structures of thought. I have shown elsewhere how these are at work in the verse, where Mallarmé’s cherished notions of friendship among poets and ideal readership play upon his use of the muse figure. A somewhat …
Review Of Michael Bishop, Nineteenth-Century French Poetry, Marshall C. Olds
Review Of Michael Bishop, Nineteenth-Century French Poetry, Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
Michael Bishop has written extensively and well on some of the best of mid and late twentieth-century French poets--Char, Deguy, Jaccottet-and in this volume turns his attention to a thematic consideration of the major practitioners of the last century. The results are somewhat mixed. On the one hand, just about everyone is included whom one would expect to find (Lamartine, Vigny, Baudelaire, Hugo, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Rimbaud, Lautréamont, Laforgue; Desbordes-Valmore is present, Musset is not). Moreover, Bishop has read through the oeuvre of each poet, so his perceptive observations pertain not only to familiar poems but also to some that have …
The Similarities Between Mikahil Bulgakov's The Master And Margarita And Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses, Radha Balasubramanian
The Similarities Between Mikahil Bulgakov's The Master And Margarita And Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses, Radha Balasubramanian
Russian Language and Literature Papers
After more than a year of silence and hiding since the publication of The Satanic Verses, Salman Rushdie spoke out in a 1990 article appearing in Newsweek "The Master and Margarita and its author were persecuted by Soviet totalitarianism. It is extraordinary to find my novel's life echoing that of one of its greatest models." In this surprising claim, Rushdie not only links his novel with Bulgakov's masterpiece, but also joins his fate with that of the Russian author. For Rushdie, there is a clear parallel between Bulgakov's suffering under Stalinism and his own situation vis-a-vis the Muslim world.
Concretely, …
Christ’S Body As Public And Private Signifier: A Study Of Blason In La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Christ’S Body As Public And Private Signifier: A Study Of Blason In La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
Much of the concept of space in La Ceppède's Théorèmes is defined in the portrayal of Christ's body. In this text, space appears as distances or gaps—between God and humankind, grace and damnation, poet and reader—which must be overcome by contemplation of Christ's redemptive act. Within the poet's meditative framework, Christ's body acts as a physical, intermediate space in which the metaphysical principles of celestial will take form. For the meditant, the knowledge gained from reflection on Christ's body allows the transcendence from the external, physical spaces of the material world in which s/he lives, to the internal, spiritual spaces …
The Semiotic Economy Of Colonization, J. Agustín Pastén B.
The Semiotic Economy Of Colonization, J. Agustín Pastén B.
Spanish Language and Literature Papers
Review-essay on Inventing A-m-e-r-i-c-a; Spanish Historiography and the Formation of Eurocentrism, by José Rabasa.
In Inventing A-m-e-r-i-c-a: Spanish Historiography and the Formation of Eurocentrism, José Rabasa explores both the process of the creation of America via language and the gradual emergence of a European subjectivity key to the colonial enterprise of Europe. Although the author is on the side of those who believe that the New World was not discovered but invented, he disagrees with the notion of invention espoused by Edmundo O’Gorman in his classic La invención de América (1957; 1977). In the end, he states in his …
Review Of Gustave Flaubert, La Première Education Sentimentale, Ed. Martine Bercot., Marshall C. Olds
Review Of Gustave Flaubert, La Première Education Sentimentale, Ed. Martine Bercot., Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
Martine Bercot's edition of the first Education sentimentale will be of use to Flaubert scholarship, and may well be the best one available for some time to come. As inexpensive as it is, this volume would also be an excellent addition to any graduate course on Flaubert.
Review Of Monic Robillard, Le Désir De La Vierge: Hérodiade Chez Mallarmé, Marshall C. Olds
Review Of Monic Robillard, Le Désir De La Vierge: Hérodiade Chez Mallarmé, Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
With this insightful though sometimes difficult book Monic Robillard has gone well beyond his earlier work on Stéphane Mallarmé's Hérodiade to offer a reading of the 30-year project where psychoanalytic paradigms and close reading create a lively and suggestive network that moves to the center of Mallarmé's poetics.
Saisons Riches Et Fécondes: Education Et Identité Africaine Dans Le Cinéma D'Euzhan Palcy, Russell J. Ganim
Saisons Riches Et Fécondes: Education Et Identité Africaine Dans Le Cinéma D'Euzhan Palcy, Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
La surprise est la réaction la plus fréquente des critiques lorsqu'ils découvrent que la réalisatrice martiniquaise Euzhan Palcy est la force créatrice derrière des films aussi différents que la Rue Cases-Nègres (1984) et A Dry White Season (Une saison blanche et sèche) (1989). Le ton et le style narratif sont si distincts dans les deux films que les liens existants entre eux restent difficiles à identifier. Pourtant, à l'examen des intrigues respectives des films, on remarque une nette affinité qui suggère que le deuxième film est analogue au premier. Ensemble, ils constituent un projet intégré sur l'éducation et …
A Kiss Is Not Just A Kiss: The Use Of The Baiser In La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
A Kiss Is Not Just A Kiss: The Use Of The Baiser In La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
The combination of religious and erotic motifs plays a large role in shaping the artistic experience of the Renaissance. One thinks of paintings such as della Francesca’s Baptism of Christ (1540), as well as Michelangelo’s Last Judgment (1545). Lyric poetry also provides numerous examples of this aesthetic bond; among them Petrarch’s “Chiare fresche e dolci acque” and Ronsard’s “Je veux brûler, pour m’envoler aux cieux.” The lyric subgenre which perhaps most distinctly follows the trend of merging sexual and divine experience is the baiser, or kiss. Originally secular in nature, the baiser first appeared in epigram form in the …
Emblem As Meditative Icon In La Ceppède’S Théorèmes , Russell J. Ganim
Emblem As Meditative Icon In La Ceppède’S Théorèmes , Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
While full comprehension of the divine image in La Ceppède’s Théorèmes is at times quite remote, understanding of the human image is often more accessible. I will argue that many of La Ceppède’s sonnets can be read as emblems which, both didactically and aesthetically, reveal the human in the divine through the iconographic portrayal of images, either written or graphic. By icon, I refer to the sacred representation and interpretation of images for the purpose of collective worship. Icons become the artistic means by which a devout subject, either poet or meditant, may identify and envision a religious object. In …
The Masquerade Of History: Herman Bote’S Schichtboik, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
The Masquerade Of History: Herman Bote’S Schichtboik, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
In medieval city chronicles of northern Germany we find an inter esting instance of polysemy in the word “schicht,” which is used to mean both “history” and “uprising”. Th is semantic overlap suggests a strong association in the contemporary imagination between the processes of historical change and the manifestation of disorder. This association is reflected in the practice of city chronicle writing in the medieval and late medieval period, which frequently was undertaken in the aftermath of an uprising. The chronicle documented the legitimacy of the restored order, and served the specific purpose of perpetuating the city’s present legal status, …
Spatial Form And Character Revelations: Korolenko's Siberian Stories, Radha Balasubramanian
Spatial Form And Character Revelations: Korolenko's Siberian Stories, Radha Balasubramanian
Russian Language and Literature Papers
Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko's (1853-1921) short stories unravel spatially rather than temporally--that is, juxtaposition of episodes in a moment of time takes precedence over sequential presentation. Past and present are often "fused in one comprehensive view," giving them a spatial form. Korolenko's narrator, proceeding along a road, unexpectedly meets interesting individuals and soon witnesses their actions and/or shares with them events from their past that have shaped their present world view through a recollection. It is as though the very volatility of the protagonists' present situation helps disclose a moment of decision from their past. This distinct present is portrayed through …
Review Of Zwischen Revolution Und Orthodoxie? Schelling Und Seine Freunde Im Stift Und An Der Universität Tübingen: Texte Und Untersuchungen. By Wilhelm G. Jacobs, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
Review Of Zwischen Revolution Und Orthodoxie? Schelling Und Seine Freunde Im Stift Und An Der Universität Tübingen: Texte Und Untersuchungen. By Wilhelm G. Jacobs, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
This volume makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the education Schelling and his contemporaries received at the Tübingen Stift in the last decades of the eighteenth century. The book consists of three parts: first Jacobs's discussion of the academic setting of the Stift, and then two sections of previously unpublished texts-a selection of eight Specimina (masters' essays) written between 1785 and 1795 by some of the lesser lights at the St$, followed by a list of the titles of all dissertations and Speciminawritten at the Stift during the same time period. While earlier studies have pointed …
More Than A Reasonable Facsimile: Yvette Quenot's Edition Of Jean De La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
More Than A Reasonable Facsimile: Yvette Quenot's Edition Of Jean De La Ceppède's Théorèmes, Russell J. Ganim
Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications
Since the rehabilitation of Jean de La Ceppède's Théorèmes, study of the work has been hindered by the lack of an easily readable, critically annotated edition. Though extracts of his meditations appeared in a few poetry anthologies during the twentieth century, it was not until 1966, with the appearance of Jean Rousset's Droz facsimile that full access to the sonnets and the poet's annotations could be gained without consulting the original Toulouse editions of 1613 and 1622. The Droz text, though in many ways quite useful, is not sufficient for serious scholarship. Its archaic typefaces, moreover, make reading difficult …
Review Of Virtue And The Veil Of Illusion: Generic Innovation And The Pedagogical Project In Eighteenth-Century Literature By Dorothea Von Mücke, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
Review Of Virtue And The Veil Of Illusion: Generic Innovation And The Pedagogical Project In Eighteenth-Century Literature By Dorothea Von Mücke, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
This original and wide-ranging comparative study examines how emergent literary genres in eighteenth-century Europe participate in the pedagogical project of male subject formation. The author focuses on the intersection of semiotics, pedagogy and aesthetics, and demonstrates how changing models of signification give rise to new strategies in subject formation. Drawing on Foucault, she identifies two major semiotic paradigm shifts in the eighteenth century: first the "transparency model" of the mid-eighteenth century, which presumes that the sign is an ideal representation of the signified; and second the "intransitive" or "self-referential model" that emerges late in the century. With each of these …
New And Old Histories: The Case Of Hölderlin And Württemberg Pietism, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
New And Old Histories: The Case Of Hölderlin And Württemberg Pietism, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
Literary opinion generally concurs that Friedrich Hölderlin, whose writings abound with Christian references, was in some manner influenced by the pietist milieu of his native Württemberg. The precise nature of this influence is still in the process of being clarified, and results of the research vary widely depending on how Württemberg pietism is defined, what sources are consulted, and to what extent social or institutional factors are considered. Much of the literature addressing this topic is informed by historiographical assumptions which tend to flatten both Württemberg pietism and Hölderlin's writings into a historical teleology. I would like to examine here …
Sensate Language And The Hermetic Tradition In Friedrich Christoph Oetinger's Biblisches Und Emblematisches Wörterbuch, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
Sensate Language And The Hermetic Tradition In Friedrich Christoph Oetinger's Biblisches Und Emblematisches Wörterbuch, Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
The rise of rationalistic moral theology in the 18th century reflects the prevailing assumption of Enlightened thought that moral concepts were the privileged hermeneutical telos of the "coarse" or sensate language in the Bible and Christian dogma. The theological school known as neology supported this view and proposed an exegetical strategy for extracting the "pure" moral sense from the "coarse" or sensate text. In 1772 the Berlin neologian Wilhelm Abraham Teller (1734-1804) published a programmatic guide to this exegetical strategy, a dictionary entitled Wörterbuch des Neuen Testaments zur Erklärung der christlichen Lehre. I would like to discuss here a critical …
Review Of Wolfgang Wittkowski, Ed., Revolution Und Autonomie: Deutsche Autonomieästhetik Im Zeitalter Der Französischen Revolution. Ein Symposium., Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
Review Of Wolfgang Wittkowski, Ed., Revolution Und Autonomie: Deutsche Autonomieästhetik Im Zeitalter Der Französischen Revolution. Ein Symposium., Priscilla A. Hayden-Roy
German Language and Literature Papers
This volume is the last of five in a series edited by Wolfgang Wittkowski and based on symposia held at SUNY-Albany on various aspects of German Classicism. The topic of this last symposium—aesthetic autonomy— fairly bristles with controversy, as historically it has formed a dividing line of sorts between ideological camps within German literary scholarship. Beginning with the Bildungsbürgertum of the 19th century, aesthetic autonomy came to be defined as the mark of highest literary quality, defined formally in terms of closure, self-containment and “perfection,” and restricted in terms of content to the apolitical, “purely aesthetic” realm. On the other …
Review Of Jean-Pierre Lecercle, Mallarmé Et La Mode, Marshall C. Olds
Review Of Jean-Pierre Lecercle, Mallarmé Et La Mode, Marshall C. Olds
French Language and Literature Papers
Mallarmé et la mode is clearly a fundamental contribution to the literature surrounding La Derniére mode. Yet the book's importance goes beyond its stated subject because, quite simply, La Derniére mode is more than an isolated instance of mediocrity. The project was interrupted too early to have acquired a unique character and its editorial devenir has yet to be established. Moreover, following on the heals of “Toast funebre," the magazine helped inaugurate Mallarme's arrival in Paris and the widening of interests that would have a profound effect on his poetry. Under the spell of Mallarme himself in a way …