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Articles 61 - 90 of 365
Full-Text Articles in History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology
Glass Finds And Assorted Beads From Three Tombs At Kursi-Gergesa (Pp. 199–208), Natalya Katsnelson
Glass Finds And Assorted Beads From Three Tombs At Kursi-Gergesa (Pp. 199–208), Natalya Katsnelson
'Atiqot
Three glass vessels and 45 pieces of jewelry were retrieved from the tombs discovered behind the apse wall of the church at Kursi. Among the vessels is a mold-blown, hexagonal jug with a rare symbolic motif, hitherto unknown from an excavated context. The finds also included two glass pendants, a ribbed bracelet and many beads of varied shapes and sizes, made of glass, carnelian, resin, bone and coral. Two of the beads were decorated: a mosaic-glass bead and a carnelian bead with a drawn pattern. The entire assemblage is typical of the sixth–early seventh centuries CE.
Three Canaanite Design Scarabs, One Egyptian Obsidian Scarab And One Syrian Cylinder Seal From A Burial Cave Near Ras ‘Ali, In Naḥal Zippori (Pp. 1–11), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
Four scarabs and a cylinder seal were unearthed in a burial cave near Ras ‘Ali, in Naḥal Zippori. Three of the scarabs are made of glazed steatite and one, of obsidian; the seal is made of serpentine. The three glazed steatite scarabs are locally made Canaanite products, while the obsidian scarab seems to have been imported from Egypt. The cylinder seal is a Syrian product that was imported from the Syrian coast, most probably from Ugarit. All the glyptic finds are typical of MB IIC in Canaan (sixteenth century BCE).
Rescue Excavations At The Early Bronze Age Site Of Qiryat Ata—Area O (With Contributions By Raphael Greenberg, Hamoudi Khalaily And Henk K. Mienis) (Pp. 27–60), Amir Golani
'Atiqot
The excavation at Qiryat Ata, Area O, was undertaken in the southern, peripheral zone of the site. Three primary settlement episodes were revealed: Phases 3 and 2 date to EB IB and consist of two buildings and associated surfaces, while Phase 1 dates to EB II and mainly consists of a large fortification wall. These three phases correlate with the three main occupation strata (III–I) that have been identified at the site. The finds in Area O include two large and homogenous pottery assemblages, dating to EB IB and EB II; four cylinder-seal impressions; flints, representing a relatively ‘clean’ EB …
Wall Paintings From The Late Roman Or Early Byzantine Period In Cave 4 At Ben Shemen (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–50*; English Summary, P. 139), Talila Michaeli
Wall Paintings From The Late Roman Or Early Byzantine Period In Cave 4 At Ben Shemen (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–50*; English Summary, P. 139), Talila Michaeli
'Atiqot
Traces of simple wall paintings, painted in fresco technique with reddish brown paint, were found in Arcosolium Cave 4 at Ben Shemen. The depiction of a wreath might be connected with Christian funerary art, symbolizing the victory of Christ and his believers; however, the wreath may have framed an inscription with the name of the deceased or his portrait. The dating is difficult, since reddish brown monochrome paintings appear in Israel in tombs dating from the mid-third to the fifth centuries CE. Therefore, only a general date can be attributed to the paintings: the final phase of the Roman or …
A Lead Coffin From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Ohad, Kibbutz Bet Guvrin (With A Contribution By Natalya Katsnelson) (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–18*; English Summary, P. 136), Daniel Varga, Rina Talgam
A Lead Coffin From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Ohad, Kibbutz Bet Guvrin (With A Contribution By Natalya Katsnelson) (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–18*; English Summary, P. 136), Daniel Varga, Rina Talgam
'Atiqot
In a tomb hewn into soft limestone (qirton) at Ḥorbat Ohad, a lead coffin and its lid were uncovered. Within the coffin were the bones of a female, aged 17–20 years and an intact candlestick-type glass bottle. The coffin is decorated with mythological scenes—a winged Eros hunting a lion, and drunken Heracles holding a drinking vessel while riding a carriage driven by two centaurs—as well as geometric and floral motifs. Similar lead coffins are frequently found along the Israeli and Phoenician coast, and are known also from inland sites. The decorative motifs on the coffin, as well as the glass …
An Israelite Basketry-Box Sealing From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–12), Baruch Brandl
An Israelite Basketry-Box Sealing From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–12), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
A clay sealing was retrieved from the Iron Age II building uncovered in the Western Wall Plaza excavations. It was identified as Israelite, based on typological and stylistic grounds, as well as on the geo-political distribution of such seals. The basketry-box sealing seems to have reached Judah either during the ninth century BCE, or in the hands of a refugee during the last decades of the eighth century BCE, between 850 and 722 BCE.
Marble Items From The Late Byzantine Buildings Along The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 135–142; English Summary, P. 96*), Ira Barash
'Atiqot
Marble items found in the excavation at Tel Shiqmona include fragments of chancel screens, one of them decorated with the head of an animal—a ram or sheep; Corinthian capitals, characteristic of the fifth–sixth centuries CE; a column; carved items; and pavers and wall liners. Most of the marble items were found in a building that was probably a church, located in Area D/E.
The Mosaic From The Building (Church?) On The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 143–145; English Summary, P. 97*), Ira Barash
'Atiqot
The mosaic was discovered in a building identified as a church, which was uncovered in Area D/E at Tel Shiqmona. The tesserae, of limestone, occur in shades of white, black, turquoise, red and yellow. The pattern of the central carpet is one of intertwined circles that form a motif of adjacent Maltese crosses. Based on the ceramic finds that were recovered from the bedding and the fill below it, the mosaic should be dated to the beginning of the seventh century CE.
Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl
Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl
'Atiqot
Three metal finger rings were found in a repository in a burial cave, excavated at South Ḥorbat Tittora. The rings are all-metal products, and they are relatively well-preserved. They were dated to the Persian period (fifth–fourth centuries BCE), based on their shape, decoration and excavated parallels. They comprise a welcome addition to the relatively small number of all-metal rings from the Persian period that has been found in the country.
A Scarab From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–23*), Othmar Keel
A Scarab From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–23*), Othmar Keel
'Atiqot
A scarab was found in a quarry west of the Iron Age four-room house unearthed in the Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem. The scarab, made of baked steatite, is fragmentary, and was probably trapezoidal. On its base are traces of the name of the Egyptian god Amun-Re. Based on the features of the scarab and the inscription, the object was most probably produced during the time of Dynasty XXII (945–713 BCE).
“The Lord Will Roar From Zion” (Amos 1:2): The Lion As A Divine Attribute On A Jerusalem Seal And Other Hebrew Glyptic Finds From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations (Pp. 1*–13*), Tallay Ornan, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, Shua Kisilevitz, Benjamin Sass
“The Lord Will Roar From Zion” (Amos 1:2): The Lion As A Divine Attribute On A Jerusalem Seal And Other Hebrew Glyptic Finds From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations (Pp. 1*–13*), Tallay Ornan, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, Shua Kisilevitz, Benjamin Sass
'Atiqot
A stamp seal bearing the image of a roaring lion and a Hebrew legend was found during the excavations of the Western Wall Plaza, Jerusalem. It is the first seal with a lion motif to be published from Iron Age II Jerusalem, and one of only a few from Judah bearing a lion motif. Two other glyptic finds include a fragment of a scaraboid, inscribed in Hebrew, and a bulla, with a palmette and traces of a Hebrew inscription. These finds are an important addition to the growing corpus of both inscribed and uninscribed seals that have been unearthed in …
Member In The Entourage Of Yahweh: A Uraeus Seal From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 15*–20*), Tallay Ornan
Member In The Entourage Of Yahweh: A Uraeus Seal From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 15*–20*), Tallay Ornan
'Atiqot
A seal engraved with a four-winged uraeus was discovered in the area near the Iron Age four-room house in the Western Wall Plaza excavations, Jerusalem. The rendering is schematic, emphasizing the unsophisticated workmanship of the seal. This seal joins quite a few similar late eighth- or seventh-century BCE representations from Judah, hinting at an association of the four-winged uraeus with Yahwistic symbolism.
A Graeco-Egyptian Amulet From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 89*–92*), Gabriel Mazor
A Graeco-Egyptian Amulet From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 89*–92*), Gabriel Mazor
'Atiqot
A magical amulet was found in the Roman-Byzantine civic center of Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’an). It is made of cobalt glass and engraved with an intaglio design on the obverse and an incised Greek inscription on the reverse. The amulet is related to digestive healing practices that prevailed in the Graeco-Roman world. Medical amulets of this type were widespread and are generally dated to the Roman period (second–third centuries CE); however, an early Byzantine dating for similar amulets has also been suggested. It seems reasonable that magical amulets of the Graeco-Egyptian type were still in use or even newly manufactured, either …
An Engraved Carnelian Gem From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 83*–88*), Gabriel Mazor
An Engraved Carnelian Gem From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 83*–88*), Gabriel Mazor
'Atiqot
An intact carnelian gemstone was retrieved from the fill of the western therma in the Roman civic center of Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’an), along with an assortment of pottery and coins from the Roman and Byzantine periods. The gem, originally set in a ring, depicts Heracles in a scene of one of his labors: the overcoming of the Nemean lion. Based on its workmanship, style and provenience, it seems most likely that the gem dates to the second century CE.
The Pottery And Stone Objects From A Roman-Period Farmstead At El-Qabu, South Of Ashqelon (Pp. 21*–28*), Yehudah Rapuano
The Pottery And Stone Objects From A Roman-Period Farmstead At El-Qabu, South Of Ashqelon (Pp. 21*–28*), Yehudah Rapuano
'Atiqot
The ceramic finds from the site at El-Qabu comprise for the most part locally manufactured vessels, along with a few imported wares. The repertoire includes plain-ware utilitarian vessels produced on the southern coastal plain along with imported examples of Eastern Terra Sigillata Ware (ESA) and two foreign amphorae. The pottery is exceptionally homogeneous, ranging in date from the second century to the late third and possibly the very beginning of the fourth century CE. Among the finds were a figurine (of mourning Isis?) and a disc-lamp, decorated with what was probably an erotic scene. These pagan themes seem to give …
A Stone Seal From The Alone Abba Oil Press (Hebrew, Pp. 83–85; English Summary, P. 87), David Amit
A Stone Seal From The Alone Abba Oil Press (Hebrew, Pp. 83–85; English Summary, P. 87), David Amit
'Atiqot
A rectangular stone seal, made of soft limestone, was found during excavations in the Alone Abba oil press. A rectangular double frame delimits the design on the face of the seal, a rendering of a dove with an olive branch. This motif indicates a connection between the seal and the oil press, representing the olive oil produced in the oil press. As the seal was found in a pre-Christian context, it was almost certainly Jewish.
Temple Furniture From A Favissa At ‘En Hazeva (Pp. 107–175), Sara Ben-Arieh
Temple Furniture From A Favissa At ‘En Hazeva (Pp. 107–175), Sara Ben-Arieh
'Atiqot
The finds from the favissa at ‘En Hazeva represent a cultic assemblage that had been used in a temple that existed at the site at the end of the Iron Age and was intentionally buried. The objects retrieved from the favissa included anthropomorphic statues, cylindrical stands, bowls, goblets, tripod cups, pomegranate-shaped pendants, stone altars and a stone human statue. The cultic vessels are well-grounded in the religious iconography of the Ancient Near East in general and the Levant in particular. These finds resemble those from Ḥorbat Qitmit, where they were defined as Edomite. However, no indication of the deity worshipped …
Scarabs From A Burial Cave Near Ḥorbat Zelef (Pp. 47–57), Othmar Keel, Stefan Münger
Scarabs From A Burial Cave Near Ḥorbat Zelef (Pp. 47–57), Othmar Keel, Stefan Münger
'Atiqot
Fourteen scarabs were retrieved from the Late Bronze Age I burial level at Ḥorbat Zelef. The assemblage is relatively homogeneous, mostly dating to the Middle Kingdom, some are imported from Egypt and some are local products. Their placement within a well-dated LB I burial context upholds that they were preserved for several generations as heirlooms, and finally used as a funerary deposit.
Seals And Figurines From The Beginning Of The Early Chalcolithic Period At Ha-Gosherim (Hebrew, Pp. 1–26; English Summary, Pp. 81*–83*), Nimrod Getzov
Seals And Figurines From The Beginning Of The Early Chalcolithic Period At Ha-Gosherim (Hebrew, Pp. 1–26; English Summary, Pp. 81*–83*), Nimrod Getzov
'Atiqot
Excavations at Ha-Gosherim yielded a rich and unique assemblage of artistic objects from the beginning of the Early Chalcolithic period (fifth millennium BCE): twenty-two stone stamp-seals and two bone female figurines. Made of local stone, most of the seals appear to have been manufactured on-site; however, a few seals were apparently made of chlorite and seem to have been brought to the site as finished artifacts. The designs on the seals vary and comprise geometric patterns alongside faunal and floral motifs, and even human faces or masks. This large assemblage of seals attests to the strong ties the Ha-Gosherim settlement …
Excavations In The Mamillah Area, Jerusalem: The Medieval Fortifications (Pp. 125–152), Ronny Reich, Eli Shukron
Excavations In The Mamillah Area, Jerusalem: The Medieval Fortifications (Pp. 125–152), Ronny Reich, Eli Shukron
'Atiqot
A fortification line, comprising a wall and a tower, was exposed outside the Jerusalem Old City wall and parallel to it, northwest of Jaffa Gate. The lower part of the wall was rock-cut, while its upper part was constructed of stones set in a grayish mortar (preserved only in the eastern part). The finds include pottery dating from the Roman-Byzantine periods and mainly, to the twelfth–early thirteenth centuries CE; stones bearing mason’s marks, mostly geometric, in secondary use; and two coins. Also found were stone architectural elements; fragments of wall paintings (frescos) depicting the head of the Madonna, and a …
Burial Caves From The Second Temple And Byzantine Periods On The Western Slope Of Mount Of Olives, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 47*–59*; English Summary, Pp. 158–160), Amit Re’Em, Zubair ‘Adawi, Tal Ilan
Burial Caves From The Second Temple And Byzantine Periods On The Western Slope Of Mount Of Olives, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 47*–59*; English Summary, Pp. 158–160), Amit Re’Em, Zubair ‘Adawi, Tal Ilan
'Atiqot
Three burial caves that were part of the eastern burial ground (necropolis) of Jerusalem during the Second Temple and the Byzantine periods were revealed. Two of the caves (Nos. 3, 4) were hewn during the Second Temple period and reused in the Byzantine period, and one (No. 2) was hewn and used during the Byzantine period. Cave 3 yielded wood remains and nails, probably attesting to burial in wooden coffins during the Byzantine period. Cave 4 yielded fragments of nine limestone ossuaries, decorated in patterns well-known from the Jerusalem area. Three of the ossuaries bore inscriptions of Jewish names in …
Remains Of A Hall North Of Caesarea (With A Contribution By Donald T. Ariel) (Hebrew, Pp. 57–61; English Summary, Pp. 57–58), Gershon Edelstein
Remains Of A Hall North Of Caesarea (With A Contribution By Donald T. Ariel) (Hebrew, Pp. 57–61; English Summary, Pp. 57–58), Gershon Edelstein
'Atiqot
A large hall, in the shape of a long octagon with two interior, semicircular apses, was revealed. Four marble column bases were found in situ in the northern apse, and remains of a black-and-white mosaic floor survived in the center of the hall. These remains were probably part of a public building (bathhouse?) or a large private dwelling in the northern suburbs of Byzantine Caesarea.
Early Roman And Early Byzantine Glass Vessels From T2 And T4 Near Ḥorbat Zikhrin (Hebrew, Pp. 59–63; English Summary, P. 76*), Ruth E. Jackson-Tal
Early Roman And Early Byzantine Glass Vessels From T2 And T4 Near Ḥorbat Zikhrin (Hebrew, Pp. 59–63; English Summary, P. 76*), Ruth E. Jackson-Tal
'Atiqot
Eleven glass vessels were retrieved from two double-arcosolia tombs (T2, T4) near Ḥorbat Zikhrin. The finds from T2 included a bowl, a jar, a bottle and an amphoriskos dating from the fourth–fifth centuries CE. The finds from T4 were free-blown, and included a bowl rim and bottle base from the first–second centuries CE and several beads. An exceptional find is a cast-and-cut seal, dated to the sixth–fourth centuries BCE, which is probably an heirloom attesting to the affluent status of the deceased.
A Burial Cave Of The Second Temple Period In The Arnona Quarter, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 15*–29*; English Summary, Pp. 154–156), Ya‘Akov Billig
A Burial Cave Of The Second Temple Period In The Arnona Quarter, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 15*–29*; English Summary, Pp. 154–156), Ya‘Akov Billig
'Atiqot
The cave has one burial chamber. In its center is a rectangular, rock-hewn standing pit, flanked by three benches and six loculi (kokhim), and two repositories. All of the kokhim, save one, were sealed with their blocking stones. Found on the benches and in the kokhim were ten ossuaries with their covers and one single cover. One of the ossuaries (No. 1) was inscribed with Aramaic and Hebrew inscriptions; the others were incised, decorated or painted. Numerous objects were discovered in the cave, including pottery vessels, stone vessels, a stone spindle whorl, glass inlays, glass beads, a bone kohl spoon, …
A Byzantine Church At Qiryat Ata(With A Contribution By Ariel Berman) (Pp. 165–176), Fanny Vitto
A Byzantine Church At Qiryat Ata(With A Contribution By Ariel Berman) (Pp. 165–176), Fanny Vitto
'Atiqot
Part of a Byzantine-period church was revealed during an excavation conducted at Qiryat Ata. The church was basilical in plan, oriented roughly eastward. The nave was paved with a polychrome mosaic, exhibiting a geometric pattern that was dated on stylistic grounds to the second half of the sixth century CE. Small limestone fragments decorated with geometric motifs were found on the mosaic floor, probably belonging to a chancel screen. The finds included pottery and glass vessels of Late Byzantine date. The church probably belongs to a rather prosperous settlement that existed within the present limits of Qiryat Ata.
A Chalcolithic Burial Cave At Eṭ-Ṭaiyiba (Pp. 1–44), Eli Yannai
A Chalcolithic Burial Cave At Eṭ-Ṭaiyiba (Pp. 1–44), Eli Yannai
'Atiqot
The cave, hewn in soft limestone, is of an irregular oval shape, with high margins that served as benches. A minimum of 38 ossuaries were found in the cave, some open and box-shaped, others closed and house-shaped; ossuary jars and kraters were also found. The ossuaries were decorated with plastic ornamentation, depicting pegs, noses, eyes and rope decoration, as well as painted ornamentation in various patterns, e.g., triangles, lines and arches. Funerary goods included only pottery vessels characteristic of the Chalcolithic period: V-shaped bowls, cornets, amphoriskoi, fenestrated pedestal bowls and cylindrical stands. It seems that the people buried in the …
Chalcolithic Burial Sites At Ma‘Abarot And Tel Ifshar (Pp. 45–63), Yosef Porath
Chalcolithic Burial Sites At Ma‘Abarot And Tel Ifshar (Pp. 45–63), Yosef Porath
'Atiqot
The two burial sites are located in the Sharon plain, south and north of Naḥal Alexander. The kidney-shaped cave at Ma‘abarot was hewn in the kurkar sandstone. All the burials in the cave were secondary. Of the 63 burials identified, 42 were placed in three types of ceramic vessels—house-shaped ossuaries, chest-shaped ossuaries and large domestic kraters—and 21, in ‘bone heaps’. The finds consisted of pottery vessels typical of the Chalcolithic period, e.g., V-shaped bowls and fenestrated bowls and bottles, and a flake from a flint digging tool. At Tel Ifshar, two burial places were discovered, both damaged by infrastructure work. …
Remains Of A Monastery At The Foot Of Tel Ashdod (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–2*; English Summary, P. 233), Shlomo Gudovitch
Remains Of A Monastery At The Foot Of Tel Ashdod (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–2*; English Summary, P. 233), Shlomo Gudovitch
'Atiqot
A mosaic floor was uncovered, consisting of a square surrounding a medallion, in which a seven-line Greek inscription was preserved. It is suggested that the mosaic adorned the entrance to a monastery or a church that existed at the site during the Byzantine period.
Note On A Glazed Bowl With A Medallion Of A Feline From Khirbat Burin (Pp. 215–219), Lev Kapitaikin
Note On A Glazed Bowl With A Medallion Of A Feline From Khirbat Burin (Pp. 215–219), Lev Kapitaikin
'Atiqot
A fragment from a large, Mamluk-period glazed-ware bowl was found in the Khirbat Burin excavations, decorated with a molded relief. The decoration is divided into three registers: the upper register is occupied by a naskh inscription, interrupted by a medallion enclosing a figure of a large feline; the two lower registers are decorated with simple geometric motifs. This vessel type dates from the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries CE, and is reported from many sites in the Levant. It might have been produced in greater Syria.
Burials From The Intermediate Bronze Age And The Roman Period At Bet Dagan (Pp. 23–30), Martin Peilstöcker
Burials From The Intermediate Bronze Age And The Roman Period At Bet Dagan (Pp. 23–30), Martin Peilstöcker
'Atiqot
Nine tombs were excavated: seven dated to the Intermediate Bronze Age (IBA), and two, to the Early Roman period. The IBA tombs were all simple burial pits, dug into hamra soil. The Roman-period tombs were cist graves. The pottery finds from the IBA pits included a bowl, cups, jars, amphoriskoi and a lamp, all resembling Dever’s Southern Family. The finds from the Roman period comprised two pottery vessels and a rare bronze jug with a decorated handle.