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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Technological Mediation Analysis On Constructive Design Research: A Case Study Of Trust, Daniela Delgado Ramos Oct 2023

Technological Mediation Analysis On Constructive Design Research: A Case Study Of Trust, Daniela Delgado Ramos

IASDR Conference Series

Undoubtedly, new technological artifacts, systems, and platforms can have a major impact on the social context of any community. In his book Bowling Alone, Putnam points out how technology has fueled individualization and ultimately the erosion of the American community(Putnam, 2000). My research is interested in trust as a specific factor essential for navigating social life(Luhmann, 1973), which is also said to be affected by the adoption of various technologies (Ashmore & Restrepo-Forero, 2013; Brennan, 2021; Danaher & Sætra, 2022). Furthermore, my research is contextualized in Colombia, the country with the second lowest level of interpersonal trust in the world …

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Snapping (Identities) Through Design Forward, Sara Iebole Oct 2023

Snapping (Identities) Through Design Forward, Sara Iebole

IASDR Conference Series

«Social norms are powerful. People will mostly do what they see others do. It’s how the human animal learns to succeed. What we learn from the curricula of conventional education pales in comparison to what we learn by watching the actual behavior of the teachers and students around us.» (Mau, 2020). This reflection, in relation to design as a discipline capable of enacting transformative processes in society - defining it through the formalization of roles and possibilities, as well as to stereotypes and forms of oppression - offers an inspiring perspective of the subject matter. In fact, Design is a …

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Designing Healing From Eating Disorders: Systemic And Imaginative Approaches., Silvia Neretti Oct 2023

Designing Healing From Eating Disorders: Systemic And Imaginative Approaches., Silvia Neretti

IASDR Conference Series

This abstract presents the final exploration of my Ph.D. research on Designing Healing from Eating Disorders (ED). The following wishes to be presented in the Doctoral and Postgraduate Consortium, under the theme “Organization and Policies”. The goal of the research is to develop design guidelines and methods, fabricated through participatory design approaches, that provide imaginary and socially embedded alternatives to show what it could mean to care for mental health systemically, while moving away from consequences of the biomedical model’s history, understandings, and exclusions of factors, in the construction of mental disorders and treatments. The research focuses on the experience …

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Co-Creating Narratives Of Usefulness, Elisa Cardamone Oct 2023

Co-Creating Narratives Of Usefulness, Elisa Cardamone

IASDR Conference Series

Health and social care are moving increasingly towards digital platforms and greater knowledge of people’s lifestyles and habits through numbers (Sharon 2016, 2017; Sharon & Zandbergen 2017; Rooksby et al. 2014; Swan 2013). However, among ageing populations, digital devices often enter households just to be forgotten in cupboards due to their lack of “usefulness” (Kim et al. 2022; Spann and Stewart 2018). Research shows that people aged 65 and older tend to use fewer technologies and to do so less frequently than younger individuals (Smith 2014). How can we empathise with the lived experience of ageing populations, designing devices that …

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Mindfulness For Designers. An Integration Of Mindfulness, Design Education And Reflective Practices, Alberto Iberbuden Oct 2023

Mindfulness For Designers. An Integration Of Mindfulness, Design Education And Reflective Practices, Alberto Iberbuden

IASDR Conference Series

How should we educate designers to enable them to address the challenges of a complex, unpredictable, and interconnected future? What are the specific competences that designers need to address these challenges, and what pedagogical approaches are necessary to cultivate these competences? Although educators are shaping multiple paths to explore these issues, the complex nature of these questions demands holistic, multidisciplinary, and empathic approaches, rather than mechanical and outdated ones to envision educational systems that meet their students' needs. Researchers have become interested in mindfulness as a potential tool to improve educational practices. Mindfulness simply means paying attention in a certain …

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Exploring And Facilitating Daoism's Contributions To Design Prototype, A Case Study From A "More-Than-Human" Social Innovation Project: Hokkhi, Jixiang Jiang, Shu Zhang, Yizao Wu Oct 2023

Exploring And Facilitating Daoism's Contributions To Design Prototype, A Case Study From A "More-Than-Human" Social Innovation Project: Hokkhi, Jixiang Jiang, Shu Zhang, Yizao Wu

IASDR Conference Series

In the face of the current environmental crises and the emergent debate over how we as a species should respond to it, local-context discussions, research, and practice are rapidly growing in a number of regions. Within the confines of the design community, there is an ever-growing view of these discussions as representing a culturally diverse perspective on design, as opposed to the current Western-centric design shaped by modernism and capitalist market economies, and as representing the emergence of an emerging design scene of pluriverse. This study extends the concept of the oyster reef conservation project referred to as "Hokkhi," produced …

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How Students Perceive Lecturers' Gestures? An Exploration In Gesture-Meaning Matching Toward Embodied Pedagogical Agent Design, Lai Wei, Kenny K. N. Chow Oct 2023

How Students Perceive Lecturers' Gestures? An Exploration In Gesture-Meaning Matching Toward Embodied Pedagogical Agent Design, Lai Wei, Kenny K. N. Chow

IASDR Conference Series

Many studies have demonstrated that meaningful gestures, such as the iconic and the metaphoric, may considerably assist students’ comprehension and enhance their learning engagement. Additionally, virtual lecturers have positively influenced students' online learning experiences. Yet, there seems to be no concrete evidence of how students recognize these gestures. Investigating the comprehension of lecturers' natural gestures from the perspective of students has the potential to inform the creation of embodied gestural pedagogical agents (PA). This paper conducted empirical studies investigating how students recognized and interpreted lectures’ gestures in real-life design classes. By analysing four sets of paired cases, which consist of …

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Fostering Social Inclusion: Empathic Approaches For Migrant-Centred Design, Vanessa Cesário, Paulo Bala, Shuhao Ma, Valentina Nisi Oct 2023

Fostering Social Inclusion: Empathic Approaches For Migrant-Centred Design, Vanessa Cesário, Paulo Bala, Shuhao Ma, Valentina Nisi

IASDR Conference Series

In recent decades, the field of design, particularly interaction design, has brought attention to the experiences of migrants with technology. A key aspect of this research has been the active involvement of displaced communities in the design process, through the implementation of empathic design approaches. These approaches place significant value on subjective and experiential perspectives fostering a thought process in which individuals seek to understand others by relating to their experiences. Following this empathic approach, this work focuses on the design for and with migrants, by engaging long-term migrants through a focus group and a participatory activity. The aim of …

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Design Interventions Are Not Received Equally: Ssi And Mediated Influences In Decision-Making, Meichun Liu, Tsailu Liu Oct 2023

Design Interventions Are Not Received Equally: Ssi And Mediated Influences In Decision-Making, Meichun Liu, Tsailu Liu

IASDR Conference Series

Many artifacts are designed with the purpose of intervening in human behaviour and influencing decisions. However, their persuasive effect can depend on the users and circumstances. Our study focuses on personal and situational factors in people’s decision-making under technology-mediated social influence, or “mediated influence.” We displayed the information of the majority decisions to provide references when participants performed tasks. The statistical results show that people were affected by the mediated influence, which accelerates the process of consensus formation among community members. However, those scoring low on susceptibility to social influence (SSI) generally regarded the references as impeding their decision-making, except …

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Raising The Ceiling: The Impact Of Design-Based Differentiation On Product Pricing, Ian Parkman Oct 2023

Raising The Ceiling: The Impact Of Design-Based Differentiation On Product Pricing, Ian Parkman

IASDR Conference Series

This study employs survey questionnaire data from the athletic footwear context to clarify how design-based differentiation effects consumers’ perceptions of the most significant driver of product performance: pricing. Specifically, we asked highly involved respondents to rate the User Value; Social Value, Significance Value, Utility Value, Emotional Value, and Spiritual Value imbued by a specialized Trail Runner shoe, a technically sophisticated Lightweight Racer, and a basic Value Runner alongside their Willingness to Pay (WTP) operationalized through the Van Westendorp Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM). Rather than asking consumers for a single, specific price, the PSM provides a more realistic range of indicators …

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Giahs Metaverse: Innovative Digital Transformation Of Agricultural Heritage, Chiju Chao, Yin Li, Yu Chen, Qirui Wang, Yidan Wu, Zhiyong Fu Oct 2023

Giahs Metaverse: Innovative Digital Transformation Of Agricultural Heritage, Chiju Chao, Yin Li, Yu Chen, Qirui Wang, Yidan Wu, Zhiyong Fu

IASDR Conference Series

Global Important Agriculture Heritage Systems (GIAHS) is a form of heritage published by FAO that integrates cultural, ecological, economic, and agricultural factors. Formerly, the digital transformation of GIAHS mainly concerned object models or data storage. A significant part of its intangible heritage, such as cultural stories and traditional skills, was not adequately preserved digitally. The Metaverse is now offering an innovative approach which can build interactive systems and provide powerful possibilities for the digital transformation of the GIAHS. We, therefore, conducted a six-week design workshop in which 10 groups designed the GIAHS Metaverse to summarize this approach's advantages and design …

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Investigating The Impact Of Digital Fabrication On Architecture Design Practice Through A Taxonomy, Daniela Silva, Alexandra Paio Oct 2023

Investigating The Impact Of Digital Fabrication On Architecture Design Practice Through A Taxonomy, Daniela Silva, Alexandra Paio

IASDR Conference Series

The integration of digital tools in architecture has transformed the design process, but the full potential of digital fabrication remains unexplored. This study examines the importance of digital fabrication in architecture design and suggests more suitable methods. Digital fabrication offers architects new ways to address complex tasks and innovate construction techniques, yet misconceptions persist about the role of digital tools in project-based research. The investigation analyzes the impact of digital fabrication on architecture design and research methods, employing a taxonomy to categorize approaches and uncover connections within the design process. By studying select architecture firms, the research uncovers new modes …

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How The Genai Sex Education Advisor Became Feasible: Exploring The Future Design Principles For Child Sex Education In The Community, Xiaoling Lin, Shuai Sun, Xuan He, Ai Zhang Oct 2023

How The Genai Sex Education Advisor Became Feasible: Exploring The Future Design Principles For Child Sex Education In The Community, Xiaoling Lin, Shuai Sun, Xuan He, Ai Zhang

IASDR Conference Series

Children's sexual sensitivity in community settings poses challenges for caregivers who struggle to address inquiries appropriately. Establishing trust is crucial, as it affects children's willingness to seek help in case of abuse. Generative AI (GenAI) presents an opportunity to bridge the gap between expert counselling and wider populations. This study aimed to identify barriers, perceived advantages, limitations, and functional preferences of caregivers to accept GenAI-powered conversational agent that assist with child sex education. We chose ChatGPT as the design probe, providing caregivers with sex education guidance and analyzed the data using Grounded Theory. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use …

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Envisioning Sustainable Smartphone Alternatives: A Plurishop Approach, Ines Petra Junge, Alma Leora Culén Oct 2023

Envisioning Sustainable Smartphone Alternatives: A Plurishop Approach, Ines Petra Junge, Alma Leora Culén

IASDR Conference Series

The increasingly precarious possible futures underscore the urgent need to reassess our lifestyles, consumption patterns, and interventions for the benefit of humanity, the planet, and the coexisting species. The ability to imagine radically different, desirable, and sustainable alternatives to products, services, and systems is crucial yet challenging, calling for creativity, new approaches, and methods. This paper discusses envisioning sustainable smartphone alternatives and pathways toward a strongly sustainable smartphone industry. We employ the ‘plurishop’, a workshop-based method that addresses several distinct inquiries into a design program of interest, in our case, that of envisioning sustainable smartphone alternatives. The plurishop was set …

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Exploring The Use Of A Digital Twin In Theatre Stage Design, Emma Kirjavainen, Matilda Kalving, Juri Etto, Ashley Colley Oct 2023

Exploring The Use Of A Digital Twin In Theatre Stage Design, Emma Kirjavainen, Matilda Kalving, Juri Etto, Ashley Colley

IASDR Conference Series

The rapid development of technology has brought new methods and tools to physical space planning, offering opportunities to save time and materials. We present a case study where virtual reality (VR) was used for previsualization in the design of a theater production. A digital twin, i.e., a virtual environment matching the exact dimensions and visual appearance of the physical theatre stage was developed. During the design of a theater production, the potential of the approach was evaluated together with theater design and production experts with different backgrounds. We report that VR has can play a useful role in the context …

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Fostering Collaboration Between Start-Ups And Students For Mutually Beneficial Inspiring Learning, Morgan Ricard, Anna Meroni Oct 2023

Fostering Collaboration Between Start-Ups And Students For Mutually Beneficial Inspiring Learning, Morgan Ricard, Anna Meroni

IASDR Conference Series

This two-voiced paper is the result of a student-teacher interaction in which the teacher simply paves the floor for a student’s narrative and commentary, from their perspective, of an innovative project-based studio experience. By partnering with an incubation and start-up program for social innovators in Milan, university faculty considered how to design a studio to stimulate both students and innovators in their different educational and personal trajectories by organising "pairs of teams" with the same design goal(s), conscientious of social innovation, environmental sustainability within a circular economy, and striving for radical solutions. The team for which this student-author is sharing …

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The Agency Of Graphic Design Towards Promoting Collective Awareness Of Heritage Inscriptions: A Study On The Erosion Of Palestinian Traditional Iconography, Belal Herbawi, Abhishek Chatterjee, Heitor Alvelos Oct 2023

The Agency Of Graphic Design Towards Promoting Collective Awareness Of Heritage Inscriptions: A Study On The Erosion Of Palestinian Traditional Iconography, Belal Herbawi, Abhishek Chatterjee, Heitor Alvelos

IASDR Conference Series

This article discusses research to establish the extent of contemporary Palestinian graphic design's knowledge of traditional iconography and inclination towards its application in modern-day workflows. What new perspectives can graphic design contribute to heritage design? This paper discusses answers to these questions by examining the meanings and contents of the traditional Palestinian inscriptions by confirming those meanings and realizing the value of employing these inscriptions in the context of vibrant and developed creative industries in Palestine. Heritage has become an important research topic in recent decades and is now emerging as a priority area with research councils. Increasingly framed as …

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Perception Change For Circular Economy Through The Practice Of Plastic Recycling System With Local Residents, Shoichi Kanzaki, Maiko Kaneda, Shuji Soga Oct 2023

Perception Change For Circular Economy Through The Practice Of Plastic Recycling System With Local Residents, Shoichi Kanzaki, Maiko Kaneda, Shuji Soga

IASDR Conference Series

The need for a transition from a linear economy to a circular economy is required to solve global problems such as climate change, biodiversity, waste and air pollution. In this study, we defined the challenge to the transition to a circular economy as 'lack of consumer interest and awareness', and the research focused on changes in consumers' perceptions towards the circular economy. Seeking embodiment as a key concept for perception change, we conducted the practice of plastic circulation experiment, Cap-No-Sonogo, with the participation of residents in Kokubunji City, Tokyo. We clarified two perspectives of resource circulation obtained through embodiment among …

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Design For Expanding Interaction And Cognitive Enhancement In Virtual Reality, Youngil Cho Oct 2023

Design For Expanding Interaction And Cognitive Enhancement In Virtual Reality, Youngil Cho

IASDR Conference Series

How does a human have a natural interactive feeling in the virtual space as the same or more as in the real world? For the expanding interaction in the virtual space which is the more important axis of evaluation between “I” as subject-oriented and “target” as object-oriented? The present research gives an insight into the role of self-consciousness in embodied cognition, the ability to recognize an object's physical location as well as the physical relationships between objects with a focus on the evaluation axes between the subject and object. The results show that self-consciousness types and oriented evaluation axis influence …

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Stairway To Heaven: Designing For An Embodied Experience With Satellite Data, Thea Overby Hansen, Maria Leis Jensen, Line Schack Tonnesen, Anders Sundnes Løvlie Oct 2023

Stairway To Heaven: Designing For An Embodied Experience With Satellite Data, Thea Overby Hansen, Maria Leis Jensen, Line Schack Tonnesen, Anders Sundnes Løvlie

IASDR Conference Series

This paper explores the design of an interactive installation in a science center which facilitates an embodied experience with satellite data. This addresses a central concern for experience design in museums, which is the question of how to integrate technologies well in the visitor experience, sometimes referred to as “experience blend”. We present the design and evaluation of a visualization triggered by movement in a physical staircase to let visitors explore data about satellites at different orbits. The evaluation demonstrates strong experience blend, and points towards similar design opportunities for other institutions interested in finding new uses for mundane pathways …

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Improving The Patient-Doctor Relationship To Fight Antimicrobial Resistance Through Data Literacy Promoted By A Women-Centred Participatory Practice, Ginevra Terenghi Oct 2023

Improving The Patient-Doctor Relationship To Fight Antimicrobial Resistance Through Data Literacy Promoted By A Women-Centred Participatory Practice, Ginevra Terenghi

IASDR Conference Series

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the current biggest public health concerns, especially urgent regarding antibiotic consumption caused by urinary tract infections, which affect women the most. Improving diagnosis and prescription help in reducing resistance development. For this reason, data literacy is suggested to enhance individuals' ability to recognize and describe symptoms and promote bottom-up data and information collection. A participatory approach to self-tracking practices, based on data visualization and physicalization, emerged in this direction to facilitate women in defining new methods of self-care valuation, promoting female agency, autonomy and knowledge creation. Based on the findings from the interdisciplinary literature review …

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Design Intervention To Aid Young Indians In Identifying Triggers Of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (Gad), Nilanjana Bairagi, Ajithsenb Selvadhas, Sowndarya Acharya Oct 2023

Design Intervention To Aid Young Indians In Identifying Triggers Of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (Gad), Nilanjana Bairagi, Ajithsenb Selvadhas, Sowndarya Acharya

IASDR Conference Series

Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is an emotional and fear-based, recurrent response to a perceived or real threat. It causes difficulty in dealing with every-day experiences. It afflicts 13.9% of the urban residents in India and requires a proactive approach to coping. GAD is not caused by stress but rather is sensitive to stress. Varying stimuli lead to automatic, unexpected and intense reactions called triggers. Awareness about triggers helps one understand their emotional thresholds and supports self-management. The existing literature provides a multi-variant perspective about nudges that cause anxiety. However, localised probing is minimal in India due to a lack of …

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Co-Designing Mental Health Futures: A Case Study On The Development Of A Residential Eating Disorders Facility., Troy Mcgee, Leah Heiss, Myra Thiessen, Gretchen Coombs, Eden Potter, Olivia Hamilton, Cate O'Kane Oct 2023

Co-Designing Mental Health Futures: A Case Study On The Development Of A Residential Eating Disorders Facility., Troy Mcgee, Leah Heiss, Myra Thiessen, Gretchen Coombs, Eden Potter, Olivia Hamilton, Cate O'Kane

IASDR Conference Series

This healthcare co-design project supported the spatial and service design of a new residential eating disorders (ED) facility at a major metropolitan hospital in Melbourne, Australia. We present two interrelated co-design engagements that brought together 35 people, including clinical leaders, frontline providers, lived experience advocates and peer mentors. Our findings are now being used to guide planning for the design and construction of the new facility as part of established architectural planning processes. We mobilised design methodologies to navigate the tensions between the clinical needs of the facility and its staff, along with the multifaceted needs of the future residents …

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A Systematic Thinking On Evaluation Of Community Service Facilities In The Context Of Design, Mao-En He, Chang Liu Oct 2023

A Systematic Thinking On Evaluation Of Community Service Facilities In The Context Of Design, Mao-En He, Chang Liu

IASDR Conference Series

Community Service Facilities are the basic unit that carries the daily activities of residents. The evaluation of community service facilities is the key to ensuring a balance between the supply of facilities and the needs of residents. Existing studies mainly focus on a specific type of facility from the perspective of an independent discipline. A lack of a holistic understanding leads to several problems, such as the incompatibility of different disciplines' perspectives and the inconsistency between evaluation results and users' needs. Design is being considered and explored as a tool for dealing with systems-level issues. We re-cognized the evaluation problem …

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User-Centred Study On Over-The-Counter Medicine Purchasing System Design From The Perspectives Of Consumers And Experts In Japan: A Codesign Case, Guyue Tang, Yue Chang, Megumi Izumisawa, Shinichi Koyama Oct 2023

User-Centred Study On Over-The-Counter Medicine Purchasing System Design From The Perspectives Of Consumers And Experts In Japan: A Codesign Case, Guyue Tang, Yue Chang, Megumi Izumisawa, Shinichi Koyama

IASDR Conference Series

With the promotion of self-medication, designing over-the-counter (OTC) medicine purchasing systems is becoming essential. This study aims to use a tablet-based prototype through a user-centred study, including behavioral and qualitative analysis, to test the usability, comprehend the behavioral differences between consumers and experts, and explore the codesign for the OTC medicine purchasing system. Experts browsed different pages significantly longer than consumers. Meanwhile, experts mentioned more about the medical information issues, while consumers were more inclined to focus on the system's interactive issues. Our results suggest that experts may browse the medical information on each page more carefully. Consumers with relatively …

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Inspiration For Developing Service Design Prototypes Through Speculative Design - A Case Study In The Field Of Carbon Neutral In The Uk, Ziwei Lin, Yuxuan Wang Oct 2023

Inspiration For Developing Service Design Prototypes Through Speculative Design - A Case Study In The Field Of Carbon Neutral In The Uk, Ziwei Lin, Yuxuan Wang

IASDR Conference Series

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the viability of Speculative Design in the creation of Service Design prototypes. Specifically, how speculative prototypes can facilitate participants' dialogue regarding their genuine visions. Second, this paper examines the performance of seven different speculative prototypes in a single carbon neutrality project in order to elaborate on the necessary characteristics of a speculative prototype. Our findings indicate that it is advantageous to create a service design prototype using Speculative Design. We argue that policymakers and governments can use Speculative Design to increase citizen engagement and collective imagination in projects such as carbon neutrality. …

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Framing The Change(S) In Interaction Design, Mauro Attilio Ceconello, Tommaso Elli, Sangwon Lee, Panos Markopoulos, Margherita Pillan Oct 2023

Framing The Change(S) In Interaction Design, Mauro Attilio Ceconello, Tommaso Elli, Sangwon Lee, Panos Markopoulos, Margherita Pillan

IASDR Conference Series

The discipline of interaction design is witnessing a growing diversification of forms of interactions and the emergence of novel design guidelines. In relation to the contributions presented in the Changing Interactions track of IASDR202 we summarize some of the most pressing challenges that the discipline is currently facing. The discussed topics include the following ones. Conversational and intelligent agents designed to act in several different areas that include automotive and the realm of more than human. Socio-technical systems that respond to human diversity, implementing meaningful experiences that go beyond efficiency and automation. The integration of artificial intelligence in everyday activities …

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An Analysis Of International Design Education Programs Training Students’ Competencies And Skills For Tackling Complex Social Challenges, Xue Pei, Federica Colombo Oct 2023

An Analysis Of International Design Education Programs Training Students’ Competencies And Skills For Tackling Complex Social Challenges, Xue Pei, Federica Colombo

IASDR Conference Series

This paper presents a study investigating the competencies and skills related to dealing with complex social challenges that are taught in top-ranking international design universities and colleges. It starts with a literature review to identify the required competencies and skills for designers to do so. 6 main clusters of skills: obtaining a comprehensive perspective, overcoming disciplinary barriers in collaboration, communication, and negotiation, integrating management logic and mindset, utilising continuously evolving technology, and traditional design skills, as well as 14 sub-clusters of skills are categorised. Afterward, the study analyses the syllabus, program, and course descriptions of 16 design education programs that …

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Photoreflexivity: Supporting Reflexivity For Students In Design Education, Marije Ten Brink, Marije Kanis, Bert Bredeweg, Tamara Witschge, Ben Schouten Oct 2023

Photoreflexivity: Supporting Reflexivity For Students In Design Education, Marije Ten Brink, Marije Kanis, Bert Bredeweg, Tamara Witschge, Ben Schouten

IASDR Conference Series

This paper describes the development and results of the pedagogical photo-based method PhotoReflexivity. This method is designed to support reflexivity for students in design education, which guides them in better understanding and situating themselves in the outside world. To uncover the value of this method, mixed research methods including iterative prototypes were deployed in real-world learning scenarios with design students. Attitudes, behaviour, and reflexive conversations were analysed, from which design patterns and recommendations were derived. It is argued that PhotoReflexivity fills a gap in design education by aiming for extensive and transformational outcomes associated with reflexivity, which previous research has …

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Graphic Standards In Graphic Heritage: Scope, Scale, And Unity Through Multiplicity In Islamic Design, Robert George Harland Oct 2023

Graphic Standards In Graphic Heritage: Scope, Scale, And Unity Through Multiplicity In Islamic Design, Robert George Harland

IASDR Conference Series

The concept of graphic standards is well-known across several disciplines. In design, it is most substantively understood in architecture, but its American origins present a limited aesthetic scope that favours classical architectural norms that overlook non-western architectural traditions. This paper explores their relevance concerning urban heritage and the emerging concept of graphic heritage and explores how the concept may be used to understand the value of repetition and frequency in Islamic art, architecture, and design. The research follows an exploratory hypothesis that seeks to describe and redefine some related concepts that will benefit a cross-disciplinary appreciation of cultural heritage and …

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