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Moving Beyond Giving Free Food: Specific Targeting And Tailoring In Response To Child Food Insecurity, Maryah Stella Fram, Edward A. Frongillo Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining Eating Attitudes And Behaviors In Collegiate Athletes, The Association Between Orthorexia Nervosa And Eating Disorders, Nancy A. Uriegas, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Kelly Pritchett, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Orthorexia nervosa (Orthorexia) is an eating attitude and behavior associated with a fixation on healthy eating, while eating disorders (EDs) are clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders associated with marked disturbances in eating that may cause impairment to psychosocial and physical health. The purpose of this study was to examine risk for Orthorexia and EDs in student-athletes across sex and sport type and determine the association between the two. Student-athletes ( = 1,090; age: 19.6 ± 1.4 years; females = 756; males = 334) completed a survey including demographics, the ORTO-15 test (values), the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26; >20 score), and additional …

Structured Ambassador Program For Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities In The Preschool Setting, Aspen Pitcher, Abby Wendel

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and developmental disabilities (DD) have multiple opportunities to participate in the community through a variety of programs. Most programs show significant benefits in immersing individuals with ID/DD in social and physical contexts. Ashley, Fossey, and Bigby (2019) explain that participation for individuals with ID/DD is influenced by motivation, abilities, and environmental conditions. The environment plays a key role in supporting or hindering occupational engagement for individuals with ID/DD (Ashley et al., 2019). The research supports the use of vocational programs, intergenerational programs, and peer mentorship to improve the quality of life for individuals with ID/DD …

Ot Is The Missing Link In Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction, Hope Schuster, Michaela Mayhood

Occupational Therapy Capstones

PURPOSE: The purpose of this scholarly project was to examine research regarding postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). As there is no current literature regarding POCD and occupational therapy, this project serves to be the first of its kind to address the role. Within this scholarly project, the literature reviewed served to generate an article for OT Practice, highlighting the role of occupational therapy and education about POCD.

General Anxiety And Overeating In Undergraduate Students, Claire Graff, Sharon M. Pearcey, Ginny Zhan

The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research

Existing research on the relations between anxiety and overeating is multifaceted, contradictory, and often focused on clinical, non-diverse populations. This is an exploratory study to clarify the relationship between anxiety and eating behaviors in a group of undergraduate students with a wide range of weights and mental health statuses. Specifically, this study primarily assesses relationships among general anxiety and overeating patterns. The overeating patterns assessed are binge-eating, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. This study supplements the primary research focus by adding the following variables: self-regulation, cognitive restraint, body mass index (BMI), and body satisfaction. Through an online questionnaire, 390 male …

Sensitization To A Milk Allergen Induces Differential Behavioral And Neurological Responses In Allergic C57bl/6j And Balb/Cj Mice, Nicholas Smith

Theses and Dissertations

Studies have highlighted an association between food allergies and neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Though the precise mechanism behind this relationship is unknown, it marks a potential novel therapeutic strategy outside of traditional neuropharmacological intervention. Food allergy is a heterogeneous disorder of the immune system characterized by an immune response that occurs reproducibly to a given food. Chronic allergen exposure in patients with mild or non-anaphylactic food allergies may cause or exacerbate psychiatric conditions. However, the variability in food allergies due to factors like genetic background introduces selection bias for individuals with overt anaphylactic …

Women Socioeconomic Status: The Repercussion Of Illiteracy, Case Study: Charlotte, Sierra Leone, Anthonette Quayee

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Illiteracy has affected women in Sierra Leone, by limiting their abilities to participate in governmental, domestic, and economic activities. As a result of the limited opportunities, women are faced with various challenges that impact their social livelihood. For example, women are deprived from making decisions in their homes because of low educational status. Sierra Leone has an adult literacy rate of 43.21%. The male literacy rate is 51.65% and the female literacy rate is 34.85%, creating a huge gap between both sexes (UNESCO, 2018). The impacts of illiteracy also affect youngsters, as early marriage takes the trend, and literacy programs …

The Effects Of Lycopene And The Mediterranean Diet On Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review, Natalie Alexis Silk

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most widespread cancers diagnosed in men in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. PCa will be a major cancer-related burden both socially and economically in the near future. It has been shown that dietary intake of natural anti-inflammatory agents are capable of inhibiting cancer progression, but due to the nature of dietary studies it is difficult to accurately conclude that diet is capable of impacting chronic diseases and mortality. This systematic review aims to collect and evaluate literature focused on PCa progression and the natural …

Arabinoxylan Structural Profiling Of Cool-Season Pasture Grasses Via High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography With Pulsed Amperometric Detection (Hpaec-Pad) Analysis Of Endoxylanase Digests, Glenna Erin Joyce

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Arabinoxylan (AX) is a major structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of monocots such as cereal grains and pasture grasses. The variety of AX structural components and substitution patterns contribute to AX structural diversity between different monocot species as well as plant tissues.

The rumen is the first digestion site of masticated food material in cattle and provides 70% of energy to host through fermentation of forage. There are many species of pasture grasses that act as a forage source. Differences in AX structure found in these pasture grasses may impact rumen microbial fermentation. Understanding the AX structure of …

Predicting Tomorrow: Optimizing The Early Detection Of Disease And Disease Recovery In Dairy Calves Using Precision Technologies, Melissa Cantor

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The leading causes of morbidity and mortality in preweaned dairy calves are diarrhea and bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD). The delayed detection of these diseases in calves can also delay intervention and disease recovery. The overarching objective of this dissertation was to follow a cohort of calves daily for the first 90 days of life for naturally occurring clinical BRD bouts and diarrheal bouts. The objective answered if feeding behaviors and activity levels were different in at-risk calves during BRD development and BRD recovery from an antimicrobial intervention. Furthermore, the potential of colostrum replacer as a feeding intervention strategy to …

Influence Of Dietary Manipulation On The Relationship Between Temperament Measures And Growth In Beef Cattle: Endophyte Exposure, Phytogenic Supplementation, And Controlled Feeding, Paul Shanks

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The influence of dietary factors (including endophyte exposure, phytogenic supplementation, and controlled feeding) on relationships between exit velocity (EV), growth performance in grazing and finishing cattle, and carcass characteristics were explored. Two grazing studies were conducted evaluating EV effects on cattle grazing both toxic and nontoxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. Cattle were followed through two subsequent finishing studies and an additional beef cattle finishing beef cattle study was also conducted. Results from these studies agree with many literature reports indicating that EV measures relate to growth performance and associated carcass traits in beef cattle being fed high energy diets in confinement, …

Monocyte Abundance And White Blood Cell Expression Of Prolactin And Nf-Kb Pathway Genes In Beef Steers Are Altered By Grazing Toxic Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue And Lipopolysaccharide Challenge, Cecilia Winfrey

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Experiment 1 tested the hypothesis that ad libitum consumption of a 1:1 blend (MIX) of sodium selenite (ISe) and SELPLEX vs solely ISe as selenium (Se) supplements (27 ppm) in a vitamin-mineral mix (V-M) by steers subjected to summer-long grazing of toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (TE) would ameliorate the negative effects of TE by positively affecting the expression pattern of prolactin (PRL) and NF-kB pathway genes by circulating leukocytes (WBC). Experiment 2 tested the hypothesis that the MIX form of supplemental Se also would ameliorate the negative effects of in vitro blood lipopolysaccharide challenge (LPS) on WBC gene expression. The …

The Role Of The Gut Microbiome In Autoimmune Disorders, Sierra Baxter

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), it is estimated that over 24 million Americans are diagnosed with autoimmune disorders, and the cases are increasing (2005). A significant risk factor that has been linked to the formation of these diseases is the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome of the adult plays a vital role in the efficacy of the immune system. The purpose of this research and systematic literature review is to determine how the gut microbiome can influence autoimmune disorders. In this review, five databases were searched including PubMed, DynaMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Clinical Key. A variety …

Treatment Of Mosh And The Effects On Fertility, Julie Harmon

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism (MOSH) is often underdiagnosed in the young male population.

The current standard of care for hypogonadism in the older male population typically includes testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

• The purpose of this study is to highlight available treatment options for MOSH in the younger population and the various effects on fertility.

• The method utilized was a systematic review of the current literature that targeted studies of obese males below the age of 65 treated for secondary hypogonadism.

• This review highlights some of the current recommendations, including lifestyle changes, and compares the use of TRT …

Childhood Obesity: Adding Metformin To Lifestyle Modification For Weight Reduction, Kelli Strege

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

One of the most challenging health conditions primary care providers face is combating the ever-rising incidence of obesity, especially among children. The objective of this literature review is to determine the effects of metformin implemented in addition to lifestyle modification for the treatment of childhood obesity. Efficacy, to include change in weight, BMI, insulin resistance, and overall safety of metformin was studied. The online databases searched in this review were PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL. Literature chosen for review included randomized control trials, meta-analysis, and systematic reviews published between 2015 and 2020. Much of the studied research indicates positive …

Association Between Learning Methods And Analgesic Opioid Abuse, Nicole Marie Blanchard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Opioids are an extremely addictive class of medication used to treat pain; overprescribing practices and chronic misuse has led to an epidemic that continues to grow. The opioid epidemic not only has the potential to cause injury or even death but also has a large impact on the U.S. economy. Research regarding determinants of abuse are needed to improve safeguards for opioid abuse prevention. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if learning capabilities and/or learning medium preference are correlated with analgesic opioid abuse. The social-ecological model was used to evaluate the social levels of influence for abuse …

Perceptions And Experiences Of Sickle Cell Disease Patients And Parents/Caretakers On Alternative Treatment Options For Pain Management, Elizabeth Hagan Asamoah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is marked by excruciating chronic pain, commonly known as pain crisis. SCD healthcare practitioners (HCPs) have been employing palliative care as a mainstream treatment option to manage SCD pain crises using mainly opioid analgesics for years. Due to the current opioid crisis, however, it has become imperative to explore alternative regimens to manage the pain and associated comorbidities of SCD. Thus, the goals of this study included exploring alternative treatment options for SCD pain crisis management with the intent of decreasing SCD patients’ dependency on opioid-based or related analgesics while reducing the frequency of pain crises …

Teachers Perceptions Of Using Persuasive Technologies To Prevent And Reduce The Incidence Of Childhood Obesity, John E. Stephens

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research of middle school health/physical education teachers’ perceptions regarding using technology in educational settings to help prevent and reduce the incidence of childhood overweight and obesity is lacking. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into those perceptions because that insight could be used to encourage teacher promotion of technology-based childhood obesity prevention initiatives in educational settings. Ajzen and Fishbein’s theory of planned behavior was used to support the conceptual framework. The research questions for this study were focused on teachers’ perceptions regarding using technology in educational settings to help prevent and reduce the incidence of childhood overweight …

Staff Education Regarding Breastfeeding For Perinatal Nurses, Shannon Nicole Long

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractExclusive breastfeeding in the U.S. is the optimal form of nutrition up to the age of 1 year; however, the current U.S. rate of 49% and Kentucky rate of 39% fall below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 60.6%. Researchers have shown that perinatal nurses often lack knowledge to ensure mothers begin and maintain this optimal form of human nourishment. Framed within the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model of instructional design, the purpose of this project was to present a continuing education program on breastfeeding for 10 staff nurses at the target hospital. The program presented was the …

Understanding Parent/Child Experiences Affecting Obesogenic Behavior In Children, Jean Gaffney

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Families living in an inequitable food environment are impacted by limited access to healthier foods inventory. Habitual consumption of foods lacking adequate nutritional value increasingly contributes to the heightened prevalence of obesity and premature death from non-communicable chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. This basic qualitative analysis examined factors that impact parental decisions in food choices among obese and overweight children. The study explores the level of understanding held by low-income parents/caregivers as it relates to basic nutritional knowledge. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory framed the study. A purposeful sample of eight parents/caregiver between the age of 18-50, parenting …

New Graduate Nurses’ Transfusion Training Views: Reflection On Experiences With Adverse Reactions, Hind Jaber-Daou

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract:New graduate nursing students transitioning to becoming professionals undergo education and training to gain knowledge and competence about transfusions. Nonetheless, new graduate nurses experience stress during a blood transfusion adverse reaction, which can be associated with lack of knowledge and inadequate training. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gather data from new graduate nurses who described their lived experiences with patients exhibiting symptoms of adverse reactions, how they reflected on their emotional effects, and the influences of the training on their knowledge and confidence. The research was grounded in social cognitive theory that centers on the concept of …

Diabetic Education For Nurses To Enhance Patient Outcomes, Jacklyn Obeng

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is metabolic disease that causes elevated blood glucose levels resulting in long-term health complications and medical costs. This project was aimed at addressing the lack of confidence and knowledge staff had when teaching patients diabetes self-management interventions. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based educational program for staff working in an outpatient clinic in the northeastern United States. The analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model and Watson’s theory of human caring provided frameworks for the project development and implementation. A diabetic nurse educator, a family nurse practitioner, and the chief medical officer served as …

The Relationship Between Cross-Cultural Psychological Capital And Organizational Commitment, Steven Andrew Snell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

For many organizations, the cultural demographics of the workforce reflect the growing diversity of the global workforce. Effective intercultural interactions require individuals to have several personal psychological resources, including cross-cultural psychological capital (PsyCap). Without such resources, employees may not have the ability to effectively work with individuals from other cultures, making working in these environments stressful. These stressful situations may negatively impact employee commitment levels, potentially increasing turnover rates. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence that employees’ cross-cultural PsyCap has on their organizational commitment (OC) as indicated by the three-component model of OC. To date, researchers …

Zoning Out: Urban Agriculture, Sustainability, And Development In Portland, Oregon, Brian Elliott

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper examines the recent history of urban planning policy in and around Portland, Oregon with respect to efforts to enhance local agriculture. Despite recent and ongoing efforts to promote distribution and direct sale of local food products in the city, I argue that the dominant effect of the Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) in place since the 1970s has been to push agricultural production further from the most populous areas of the city. Whereas the UGB at present cannot include areas zoned specifically for agricultural use, I argue that it must reformed to allow for "agricultural reserves" within the boundary. …

Assessing The Impact Of Teacher Self-Efficacy On Teacher Led Physical Activity, Donovan Willard-Lee Ross

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

Many children are not meeting national physical activity recommendations and are sedentary during the school day. This has led teachers to implement classroom physical activity to increase movement of their students. This dissertation focused on student perceptions of classroom physical activity and teacher self-efficacy to implement it. This dissertation includes three studies focusing on classroom physical activity: (1) student perceptions of classroom physical activity, (2) an examination of the relationship between teacher self-efficacy and implementation of classroom physical activity, and (3) a description of factors related to teacher implementation of classroom physical activity, including methods of implementation and teacher confidence. …

Nutritional Access And Resource Knowledge In College, Darra Perdaems

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Nearly 20% of college students are food insecure, compared to 14.5% of the general population who face food insecurity. Factors that influence this include rising tuition costs, lack of affordable housing in college towns, and an increase in first-generation and/or low-income students. Moreover, food insecurity has a notable effect on physical and mental health and overall academic performance. College years are an important intervention time for nutritional practices as students are making sovereign choices and assuming responsibility for their health decisions that will ultimately shape their lifestyles. We conducted focus groups with UM college students to gauge their dietary habits …

A Weight-Loss Intervention Augmented By A Wearable Device In Rural Older Adults With Obesity: A Feasibility Study, John A. Batsis, Curtis L. Petersen, Matthew L. Clark, Summer B. Cook, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, Rima I. Al-Nimer, Dawna Pidgeon, David Kotz, Todd A. Mackenzie, Stephen J. Bartels

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background

Older persons with obesity aged 65+ residing in rural areas have reduced access to weight management programs due to geographic isolation. The ability to integrate technology into health promotion interventions shows a potential to reach this underserved population. Methods

A 12-week pilot in 28 older rural adults with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) was conducted at a community aging center. The intervention consisted of individualized, weekly dietitian visits focusing on behavior therapy and caloric restriction with twice weekly physical therapist-led group strengthening training classes in a community-based aging center. All participants were provided a Fitbit Flex …

Women In Combat Boots: U.S. Servicewomen’S Collective Self-Esteem And Adherence To Weight Regulations, Latavia Monét Ford

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Women’s bodies are scrutinized and objectified in western societies broadly. For servicewomen however, the military is a specific site where women’s bodies receive close examination and scrutiny. Military members must adhere to height-based weight standards to remain in compliance. For servicewomen, the military is an important part of their life, and as such, it has a pivotal role in shaping their identity. The purpose of this study is to examine women’s experiences of managing and responding to the weigh-ins, particularly the ways it shapes their collective self-esteem. Data for this study consist of ten qualitative interviews conducted with servicewomen. Findings …

Evaluation Of Bioaccessibility And Functional Properties Of Kombucha Beverages Fortified With Different Medicinal Plant Extracts, Canan Ece Tamer, Şehi̇me Gülsün Temel, Senem Suna, Azi̇me Özkan Karabacak, Tülay Özcan, Lütfi̇ye Yilmaz Ersan, Berra Türkol Kaya, Ömer Utku Çopur

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, sweetened black and green tea were utilized as substrate for kombucha fermentation. Linden, lemon balm, sage, echinacea, mint, and cinnamon infusions were added to kombucha to design a novel beverage with improved functional and organoleptic characteristics. After fermentation, the antioxidant capacity (AC) of the kombucha increased by 13.96% 2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), 48.90% ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 55.54% cupric reducing AC (CUPRAC). On days 0 and 9 of storage, the bioaccessibility of the total phenolics and AC (FRAP and CUPRAC) in all of the samples showed a significant increase after gastric and intestinal digestion when compared …

Comparative Characteristics Of The Amino Acid Composition In Amaranth Accessions From The Vir Collection, Diana Sokolova, Tatyana Shelenga, Olga Zvereva, Alla Solovieva

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The development of products that fully meet the criteria for a healthy diet is one of the main trends in nutrition quality improvement worldwide. Amaranth, a leader in protein quality, has significant potential. A comparative study of the protein complex in leaf biomass has been conducted for the first time for Amaranthus spp. grown for various uses. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of the amino acid composition and identify the relationships among its components in the amaranth leaf biomass. For this purpose, gas-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed. Based on the data of …