Digital Commons Network^™

Using The Memorial Sloan Kettering Frailty Index To Identify Patients At High Risk For Postoperative Intensive Care Unit Admission, Specialized Advanced Care Unit Admission, And 30-Day Readmission, Timothy J. Donoghue

Theses and Dissertations

Frailty is roughly defined as an accumulation of physiological, emotional, cognitive, and social deficits that impair a person’s response to stressful events. A frailty diagnosis has been associated with poor outcomes following surgical procedures. Cancer surgical patients aged 65 or older represent a vulnerable population susceptible to being frail and the potential associated complications that can accompany frailty. Measuring frailty is an objective risk assessment that identifies increased risk better than age or American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) score such that frailty can independently predict poor surgical outcomes.

Frailty is not specifically a result of having cancer, disability, …

Knowledge, Perception, And Clinical Management Strategies Of Us Pediatric Dentists On Molar Incisor Hypomineralization, Courtney T. Brashier

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this cross-sectional, survey-based study is to determine current US pediatric dentists’ knowledge, perceptions, and clinical management strategies for patients with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).

Methods: Following appropriate protocol and authorizations, all active pediatric dentists, general dentists, and post-doctoral student members identified by the 2020 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s membership list were invited to partake in an anonymous email survey. Data regarding participants sociodemographic, education, and clinical backgrounds were collected in addition to information obtained from MIH-focused questions. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to compare and analyze data. A significance level was set at …

Preventing Obesity: A Social Ecological Exploration Of Centers For Disease Control Prevention Strategies And Guidance Toward Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, And Communities, Ryan Kelly

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Obesity has reached nearly 40% of the adult public in the United States, costing the citizen taxpayer over $200 billion annually in healthcare costs. Those suffering from obesity deal with multiple physical and mental repercussions. Through a content analysis of four Centers for Disease Control (CDC) documents and guided by the conceptual framework of the social ecological model, this research explores the federal approach to preventing obesity. The analysis finds that CDC solutions to obesity involve connecting people to each other and healthier choices, an orientation toward local public administration, and an emphasis on environmental and infrastructure improvements. The …

Symptom Self-Management In Adolescents Following A Concussion, Amanda Hodges

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Adolescents experience a variety of symptoms following a concussion that affect their everyday life. Initial management consists of physical and cognitive rest followed by a gradual return to activities while monitoring symptoms. Managing concussion symptoms in adolescents is a challenge due to their lifestyle and developmental needs but it is the key to improving adolescents’ lives. Symptom self-management is the prevention and control of symptoms and has been shown to improve health outcomes but has not been studied in adolescents with concussion symptoms. Using the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT), the purpose of this study was to …

Building A Cultural And Scholar Identity In Adolescent Black Males, Emily E. Firkus

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Black male students in the United States have been the focus of interest in education for a long time. Much professional development is centered around closing the Achievement or Opportunity Gap as the progress of Black students is not as great as their White peers. Research shows that Black male students want to be seen and valued in classrooms by their teachers, other adults in school, and peers. They want to experience equitable and fair disciplinary practices. They want to be held to high expectations and rigorous course options available to them. Schools need to provide opportunities for Black male …

Evaluation Of Myfitnesspal’S Recommended Protein Intake Compared To The United States Recommended Dietary Allowances, Matthew C. Kokos, Christina Dobrowski, Aarika Merrill, Shaekira L. Niehuser, Teresa Bigand, Ross J. Bindler

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Wage Enslavement: How The Tax System Holds Back Historically Disadvantaged Groups Of Americans, David Gamage, Goldburn P. Maynard Jr.

Faculty Publications

Despite the importance placed on equality of opportunity within United States political culture, the existing tax system inhibits historically disadvantaged groups from building wealth or catching up with historically more privileged groups. This effectively then traps many members of historically disadvantaged groups into a continued cycle of dependence on tax-disfavored wage and salary income, a phenomenon that we metaphorically label as “wage enslavement.” This Article explains this phenomenon and then calls for reform.

Time Trends Of Overweight And Obesity Among Schoolchildren In Kuwait Over A 13-Year Period (2007-2019): Repeated Cross-Sectional Study, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Nawal Alqaoud, Ali H. Ziyab, Faheema Alanezi, Monica Subhakaran, Reem Sharaf Alddin, Hueiwang Anna Jeng, Muge Akpinar-Elci

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study aimed to examine age-specific trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren in Kuwait over a 13-year period (2007 to 2019) using the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) definitions.

Design: Using cross-sectional approach, Kuwait Nutrition Surveillance System (KNSS) objectively measured weight and height of schoolchildren over a 13-year period. Log-binomial regression models were used to examine age-specific trends of obesity and overweight over the study period.

Setting: Public primary, middle, and high schools in all provinces of Kuwait.

Participants: Schoolchildren aged 5-19 …

Assessment Of Cooking Matters Facebook Platform To Promote Healthy Eating Behaviors Among Low-Income Caregivers Of Young Children In The United States: A Pilot Study, Qi Zhang, Jill Panichelli, Leigh Ann Hall

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

How best to deliver healthy-eating education through social media among a low-income population remains understudied. To assess the impact of the Cooking Matters (CM) Facebook page on healthy eating behaviors among low-income caregivers, we conducted a pre–post survey of new CM Facebook followers in early 2020. A convenience sample was recruited at baseline from WICShopper app users and the CM Facebook page. The recruited sample included 397 low-income caregivers of a child younger than 6 who never followed CM Facebook. Among the baseline caregivers, 184 completed the follow-up survey. Paired t-test and McNemar–Bowker tests were conducted to compare the outcomes …

Stunting And Combined Overweight With Stunting Among Schoolchildren In Kuwait: Trends Over A 13-Year Period, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Nawal Alqaoud, Reem Sharaf Alddin, Faheema Alanezi, Monica Subhakaran, Anne Dumadag, Ahmed N. Albatineh

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the sex- and age-specific trends of stunting and combined overweight with stunting among schoolchildren over a 13-year period in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: The Kuwait Nutrition Surveillance System objectively measured the height of 172,573 schoolchildren (5–19 years) over a 13-year period (2007–2019). Data on gender and date of birth were extracted from school records. Stunting was defined as height 2 standard deviations (SD) below the World Health Organization growth reference median. Logistic regression models were used to examine the trends of stunting over the study period while stratifying by gender. Results: In males, the …

Challenges Facing Schools In Rural America, Mara Casey Tieken, Mk Montgomery

All Faculty Scholarship

Last May, author Mara Tieken attended graduation at a high school in a small, mostly African-American town in the rural Arkansas Delta. This school is not much to look at. But for this rural town, it is everything: close relationships, strong academics, the community’s hope and future. Across the United States are thousands of rural schools just like this one, which against all odds are trying to make it work—a challenge that has only grown with the current pandemic.

Kids Count: State Of The Child, 2021, Tennessee Commission On Children And Youth

Kids Count/State of the Child in Tennessee Reports

This report provides an overview of information on healthy infants, children and teens; child/teen well-being; education; economic security; and demographics.

Evaluating Winter Malting Barley Grain Yield With Fractional Green Canopy Cover, Gregory J. Mcglinch, Stephen J. Jacquemin, Laura E. Lindsey

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Because of growth in the craft brewing industry, farmers in the eastern United States are planting winter malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to meet demands for locally sourced grain. However, given that barley is a relatively new crop in this region, basic agronomic information relating to stand assessment is needed. This is particularly relevant in this region, as climatic variability from extreme temperature fluctuations during the winter and spring can reduce a barley stand, creating the need for farmers to estimate grain yield potential. The objective of the research was to evaluate the relationship between spring stem counts, fractional …

Technical Study: Agriculture Associate Degree Annual Program Outcomes Assessments, 2020-21, Lake Campus, Wright State University

Annual Program Outcomes Assessments - All

This report reviews Wright State University's Technical Study: Agriculture Associate Degree program for the 2020-2021 academic year.

Osteoporosis Knowledge, Health Communication, And Prevention Behaviors Among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Male And Female College Students, Kaitlyn Ashley Armstrong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Osteoporosis is a chronic degenerative bone disease affecting roughly 53 million Americans. Attainment of peak bone mass during young adulthood plays an essential role in osteoporosis prevention, and specific behaviors affecting the achievement of peak bone mass include adequate intake of dietary calcium and participation in weight-bearing physical activity. Prior research has established the links between knowledge and health communication, particularly parental communication, with engaging in healthy behaviors such as adequate calcium intake and physical activity among college students, less is known about how these relationships manifest in this population for osteoporosis prevention. Exploring additional factors such as self-efficacy that …

The Connection Between Body Modification And Personality, Taylor Ann Shoemaker

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Previous research has been inconsistent in its findings regarding the associations between body modifications (e.g., piercings, tattoos, augmentation, scarification, split tongue) and the Big Five personality traits (i.e., openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism). All traits have been found to be significantly correlated with body modification in at least one study, but their significance differed from study to study. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between body modification and each domain of personality concurrently to add to the literature surrounding differences between modified and unmodified individuals. To participate in this study, participants were asked …

A Multiple Goals Perspective On Burnout Disclosure And Support Among Attending Physicians, Alison N. Buckley

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

Burnout is a common experience among physicians and has been identified as a precursor to substance abuse and suicide ideation. When not addressed, burnout can have many negative personal, relational and professional consequences. Research about the burnout experience is limited due to the taboo nature of the topic. The present study used a multiple goals theoretical perspective to examine how physicians disclose burnout in order to access social support. Attending physicians from various specialties (N = 30) participated in one-on-one interviews and were asked to discuss their burnout experience, conversational goals during burnout disclosure, catalysts and barriers for disclosure, and …

Lehigh Valley Topper Cancer Institute: 2021 Statistical Report, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Lehigh Valley Topper Cancer Institute

No abstract provided.

Dale And Frances Hughes Cancer Center Lehigh Valley Hospital–Pocono: 2021 Statistical Report, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Lehigh Valley Topper Cancer Institute

No abstract provided.

Analytic Hierarchy Process: An Innovative Technique For Culturally Tailoring Evidence-Based Interventions To Reduce Health Disparities, Jaime A. Corvin, Isabella Chan, Claudia X. Aguado, Ian Dollman, Junius Gonzales

Global Health Faculty Publications

Latinos in the United States represent a disproportionate burden of illness and disease and face barriers to accessing health care and related resources. Culturally tailored, evidence-based interventions hold promise in addressing many of these challenges. Yet, ensuring patient voice is vital in the successful development and implementation of such interventions. Thus, this paper examines the application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to inform the augmentation and implementation of an evidence-based chronic disease self-management programme for underserved Latinos living with both minor depression and chronic illness. The process of AHP allows for direct input from the individuals that would utilize such …

“Eyes In The Home”: Addressing Social Complexity In Veterans Affairs Home-Based Primary Care, Elizabeth Catherine Hulen, Avery Laliberte, Sarah S. Ono, Somnath Saha, Samuel T. Edwards

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

BACKGROUND: Home-Based Primary Care (HBPC) has demonstrated success in decreasing risk of hospitalization and improving patient satisfaction through patient targeting and integrating long-term services and supports. Less is known about how HBPC teams approach social factors.

OBJECTIVE: Describe HBPC providers’ knowledge of social complexity among HBPC patients and how this knowledge impacts care delivery.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Between 2018 and 2019, we conducted in-person semi-structured interviews with 14HBPCproviders representing nursing,medicine, physical therapy, pharmacy, and psychology, at an urban Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center. We also conducted field observations of 6 HBPC team meetings and 2 home visits.

APPROACH: We …

Advancing Student Achievement Through Elementary And Secondary Education Act Waivers, Justin Lam

Minnesota Law Review Headnotes, Vols. 94-106 (2009-2022)

No abstract provided.

Determining The Disability Status Of Adult Patients Post General Intensive Care Unit (Icu) Discharge At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi Using The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(Whodas)., Khadija Ahmed

Master of Medicine in Anaesthesiology

Background: Critical care has evolved throughout the years since the polio outbreak when the first ICU was set up in the USA. There is an increasing number of survivors of critical illness. The survivors have been shown to have prolonged physical, cognitive, and psychological impairments. There is no current information on the status of this patient post-ICU in Africa. Objectives: To measure the disability status of adult patients post general Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Discharge Using WHODAS 2.0.To determine the factors associated with the degree of disability. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional analytical study. Patients admitted to AKUHN ICU, were …

Disabling Injustice In The Higher Education Classroom, Daniel W. Eadens, Danielle M. Eadens, Christopher Lanterman

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This chapter explores perspectives in higher education classrooms, specifically the need for social justice in education through inclusive and universal design/ universal design for learning (UD/UDL). The authors contacted colleagues regarding what worked to change paradigms and perspectives around issues of social justice and advocacy in classrooms. Three themes emerged, mirroring those of the literature reviewed: scholarly strategies, structured activities, and amplifying marginalized voices. The authors also discuss how accessible and inclusive approaches disable injustice and ableism in higher education classrooms by recognizing disability as an element of diversity and the need for inclusive approaches on college campuses and beyond. …

Prevalence And Severity Of Malnutrition In People Living With Hiv On Chronic Haemodialysis In Dar Es Salaam., Hanifa Mbithe

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus is still a global burden more so in sub-Saharan Africa. Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease are important comorbid conditions that are prevalent in HIV-infected individuals. Patients who are HIV positive and on hemodialysis have triple risk factors for development of malnutrition (i.e. Human immunodeficiency virus, chronic kidney disease, and haemodialysis). Malnutrition greatly impacts these patient’s morbidity and mortality and thus the great need to address this gap which will improve their prognosis. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in people living with HIV on chronic …

Effect Of Drying Process On Functional Properties Of Chicken Breast Powder And Application In High Protein Pancake, Kiatkhajorn Thassanasuttiwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Drying is one of food preservative methods. However, several drying methods are applied using different drying conditions and techniques that could affect the quality and functional properties of dried products. Chicken breast powder is an upcoming alternative high protein source to replace the consumption of whey protein powder, especially Asian people who are lactose intolerant. Therefore, this presentation aimed to prepare and compare three types of dried chicken breast powder produced from different drying methods. Physical properties of low lactose and protein rich pancakes using chicken breast powder were then determined. There are three drying methods all operated at 65 …

Prevalence Of Canine Atopic Dermatitis And Distribution Of Causative Allergens In Bangkok, Sopon Sornsanit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a pruritic allergic skin disease caused by an overreaction to environmental allergens. The diagnosis of CAD is made on the basis of the patient's history, physical examination, and exclusion of other pruritic skin diseases. Allergen-specific IgE serology (ASIS) is one of the most frequently recommended tests in veterinary dermatology for identifying causative allergens. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of CAD and the types of allergens that cause it in atopic dogs using ASIS in the Bangkok metropolitan area. The study was divided into two sections. Between 2015 and 2019, 383 …

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2021, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

The Interplay Between Environmental Exposures And Covid-19 Risks In The Health Of Children, P D. Sly, B A. Trottier, C M. Bulka, S A. Cormier, P D. Sly, R C. Fry, K W. Kim, S Kleeberger, P Kumar, P J. Landrigan, K L. Carlsen, A Pascale, F Polack, M Ruchirawat, H J. Zar, W A. Suk

Faculty Publications

Background: An unusual feature of SARS-Cov-2 infection and the COVID-19 pandemic is that children are less severely affected than adults. This is especially paradoxical given the epidemiological links between poor air quality and increased COVID-19 severity in adults and that children are generally more vulnerable than adults to the adverse consequences of air pollution. Objectives: To identify gaps in knowledge about the factors that protect children from severe SARS-Cov-2 infection even in the face of air pollution, and to develop a transdisciplinary research strategy to address these gaps. Methods: An international group of researchers interested in children's environmental health was …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Consumer Food Wastejel Codes, B E. Roe, K Bender, D Y. Qi

Faculty Publications

Perhaps no phenomenon has so quickly and radically altered household production parameters and daily food patterns as the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We contemplate the immediate and longer-term implications of this public health crisis on the amount of food wasted by consumers. We conclude that the pandemic and its aftermath may improve household skills and management practices in a manner that reduces day-to-day household food waste. However, pandemic-driven disruptions may induce larger intermittent purges of food due to changes in work patterns and food service and food retailing availability. We recommend several steps to reduce waste as the pandemic …