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2021

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'Vermillion' Sweetpotato, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark, Tara P. Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon, C. Scott Stoddard Jan 2021

'Vermillion' Sweetpotato, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark, Tara P. Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon, C. Scott Stoddard

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of The Small Changes, Healthy Habits Pilot Program: Its Influence On Healthy Eating And Physical Activity Behaviors Of Adults In Louisiana, Praja Adhikari, Elizabeth Gollub Jan 2021

Evaluation Of The Small Changes, Healthy Habits Pilot Program: Its Influence On Healthy Eating And Physical Activity Behaviors Of Adults In Louisiana, Praja Adhikari, Elizabeth Gollub

Faculty Publications

The community-based Small Changes, Healthy Habits (SCHH) program was developed to teach skills and techniques to help adults in Louisiana make and maintain small behavioral changes in their food selection, preparation, and consumption, and in physical activity routines. The content of this four-week program included habit formation and goal setting techniques; physical activity guidance; strategies for a healthier home food environment; a grocery store tour focused on label reading for healthier food selections; basic knife and cooking skills. The program was piloted at ten sites throughout the state. A survey with 14 core items was applied before and after the …

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Host Genotype And Tissue Type Determine Dwv Infection Intensity, Hannah J. Penn, Michael Simone-Finstrom, Sarah Lang, Judy Chen, Kristen Healy Jan 2021

Host Genotype And Tissue Type Determine Dwv Infection Intensity, Hannah J. Penn, Michael Simone-Finstrom, Sarah Lang, Judy Chen, Kristen Healy

Faculty Publications

Varroa mite-vectored viruses such as Deformed wing virus (DWV) are of great concern for honey bee health as they can cause disease in individuals and increase colony mortality. Two genotypes of DWV (A and B) are prevalent in the United States and may have differential virulence and pathogenicity. Honey bee genetic stocks bred to resist Varroa mites also exhibit differential infection responses to the Varroa mite-vectored viruses. The goal of this project was to determine if interactions between host genotype could influence the overall infection levels and dissemination of DWV within honey bees. To do this, we injected DWV isolated …

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A Multivariate Multiple Third-Variable Effect Analysis With An Application To Explore Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Obesity, Qingzhao Yu, Bin Li Jan 2021

A Multivariate Multiple Third-Variable Effect Analysis With An Application To Explore Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Obesity, Qingzhao Yu, Bin Li

Faculty Publications

Third-Variable effect refers to the intervening effect from a third variable (called mediators or confounders) to the observed relationship between an exposure and an outcome. The general multiple third-variable effect analysis method (TVEA) allows consideration of multiple mediators/confounders (MC) simultaneously and the use of linear and nonlinear predictive models for estimating MC effects. Previous studies have found that compared with non-Hispanic White population, Blacks and Hispanic Whites suffered disproportionally more with obesity and related chronic diseases. In this paper, we extend the general TVEA to deal with multivariate/multi-categorical predictors and multivariate response variables. We designed algorithms and an R package …

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Studying Morphological, Physiological, And Molecular Regulation Of Stomatal Conductance And Its Relationship To Water Use Efficiency In Alfalfa, Surbhi Gupta Jan 2021

Studying Morphological, Physiological, And Molecular Regulation Of Stomatal Conductance And Its Relationship To Water Use Efficiency In Alfalfa, Surbhi Gupta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), being a leguminous, highly fibrous, and proteinaceous plant has always been one of the top choices for the forage production but has high cost of irrigation in many dry and warm areas such as California and Arizona. Thus, a reduction of irrigation by using the higher water use efficiency (WUE) varieties can help the growers in reducing the cost and is critical for sustainable agriculture production. WUE is closely related to water loss through transpiring stomata. A study in our lab reported that Riverside (RS) an alfalfa genotype that has naturized in the national grassland in South …

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Matchless Organization: The Confederate Army Medical Department, Dale C. Smith Jan 2021

Matchless Organization: The Confederate Army Medical Department, Dale C. Smith

Civil War Book Review

Hasegawa shows that phenomena endemic to the Confederacy’s government and culture—namely material want and overwrought independence—hampered attempts to systematize and rationalize the Confederate Army’s medical department. Reviewer Dale C. Smith believes “anyone with a serious interest in the War of the Rebellion medicine should read it.”

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Caregiver Treatment Consumption In An Experimental Treatment Marketplace, Delaney J. Darragh Jan 2021

Caregiver Treatment Consumption In An Experimental Treatment Marketplace, Delaney J. Darragh

Faculty Publications

Behavioral economics is an approach to understanding consumer behavior by integrating behavioral science with economic principles. Behavioral economics incorporates traditional economic principles with operant learning approaches. There is limited research examining how individuals consume psychological and behavioral treatments. This is especially the case for treatments designed for children. The current study used data from a previously collected sample to explore gender differences in an experimental treatment marketplace (ETM). Experimental treatment marketplaces are generally used to evaluate choices between goods and services (e.g., types of behavior interventions). An ETM was developed to evaluate treatment consumption when levels of evidence differed between …

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A Recipe For Success: Celebrating Faculty And Increasing Institutional Repository Participation, Josh Cromwell Jan 2021

A Recipe For Success: Celebrating Faculty And Increasing Institutional Repository Participation, Josh Cromwell

Faculty Publications

When it comes to adding faculty publications to an institutional repository, time is of the essence. Many publishers allow authors to upload postprints to their institutional repositories; however, faculty do not tend to maintain their postprints for a long period after publication. How can librarians encourage faculty to report new publications in a timely manner? This recipe calls for hosting a reception honoring faculty with new publications, which combines a celebration of faculty achievement with outreach to increase IR uploads.

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High-Performance Biocomposite Polyvinyl Alcohol (Pva) Films Modified With Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs), Tannic Acid (Ta), And Chitosan (Cs) For Food Packaging, Ruowen Tan, Feng Li, You Zhang, Zihui Yuan, Xuefei Feng, Wansong Zhang, Ting Liang, Jiwen Cao, Cornelis F. De Hoop, Xiaopeng Peng, Xingyan Huang Jan 2021

High-Performance Biocomposite Polyvinyl Alcohol (Pva) Films Modified With Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs), Tannic Acid (Ta), And Chitosan (Cs) For Food Packaging, Ruowen Tan, Feng Li, You Zhang, Zihui Yuan, Xuefei Feng, Wansong Zhang, Ting Liang, Jiwen Cao, Cornelis F. De Hoop, Xiaopeng Peng, Xingyan Huang

Faculty Publications

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely applied in industries for its low cost, nontoxicity, biodegradability, and renewable advantages. However, its unstable structure may not meet some strong physical and mechanical needs. In order to enhance the performances of the PVA film, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), tannic acid (TA), and chitosan (CS), working as a reinforcer, a crosslinker, and an antimicrobial agent, respectively, were introduced into the PVA matrix. The results indicated that CNCs, TA, and CS were evenly distributed and cohesively incorporated within the PVA matrix, which contributed to the good mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of biocomposite PVA films. Besides, …

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Effects Of Caloric Restriction On Human Physiological, Psychological, And Behavioral Outcomes: Highlights From Calerie Phase 2, James L. Dorling, Stephan Van Vliet, Kim M. Huffman, William E. Kraus, Manjushri Bhapkar, Carl F. Pieper, Tiffany Stewart, Sai Krupa Das, Susan B. Racette, Susan B. Roberts, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin Jan 2021

Effects Of Caloric Restriction On Human Physiological, Psychological, And Behavioral Outcomes: Highlights From Calerie Phase 2, James L. Dorling, Stephan Van Vliet, Kim M. Huffman, William E. Kraus, Manjushri Bhapkar, Carl F. Pieper, Tiffany Stewart, Sai Krupa Das, Susan B. Racette, Susan B. Roberts, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Caloric restriction (CR) is a strategy that attenuates aging in multiple nonhuman species. The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) trials are part of a research program aiming to test the effects of CR on aging and longevity biomarkers in humans. Building on CALERIE phase 1, CALERIE phase 2 (CALERIE 2) was the largest study to date to assess sustained CR in healthy humans without obesity. In a 24-month randomized controlled trial comprising 218 participants at baseline, CALERIE 2 showed that moderate CR, 11.9% on average, induced improvements in aging-related biomarkers without adversely affecting psychological …

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Adipose Depot-Specific Effects Of 16 Weeks Of Pioglitazone On In Vivo Adipogenesis In Women With Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Ursula White, Mark D. Fitch, Robbie A. Beyl, Marc K. Hellerstein, Eric Ravussin Jan 2021

Adipose Depot-Specific Effects Of 16 Weeks Of Pioglitazone On In Vivo Adipogenesis In Women With Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Ursula White, Mark D. Fitch, Robbie A. Beyl, Marc K. Hellerstein, Eric Ravussin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Aims/hypothesis: In vitro and rodent studies suggest that pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, can promote adipogenesis in adipose tissue (AT); however, there is a lack of in vivo studies in humans to support these findings. The objectives of this randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial were to test if pioglitazone stimulates in vivo adipogenesis in the subcutaneous adipose tissue depots and if these measures were related to metabolic health outcomes in women with obesity. Methods: Forty-one healthy women with obesity (20 black; 21 white; 29 ± 6 years; BMI 32.0 ± 1.7 kg/m2; 44.0 ± 3.6% body fat) were randomised to consume 30 mg/day …

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Effect Of An Office-Based Intervention On Visceral Adipose Tissue: The Workactive-P Randomized Controlled Trial, James L. Dorling, Christoph Höchsmann, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Robbie Beyl, Corby K. Martin Jan 2021

Effect Of An Office-Based Intervention On Visceral Adipose Tissue: The Workactive-P Randomized Controlled Trial, James L. Dorling, Christoph Höchsmann, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Robbie Beyl, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Office-based activity reduces sedentariness, yet no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed how such activity influences visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study examined the effect of an office-based, multicomponent activity intervention on VAT. The WorkACTIVE-P RCT enrolled sedentary office workers (body mass index: 31.4 (standard deviation (SD) 4.4) kg/m2 ) to an intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 20) group. For 3 months, the intervention group received an office-based pedal desk, further to an intervention promoting its use and increased walking. The control group maintained habitual activity. At baseline and follow-up, VAT, cardiometabolic disease risk markers, physical activity, …

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Leucine And Sildenafil Combination Therapy Reduces Body Weight And Metformin Enhances The Effect At Low Dose: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Candida J. Rebello, Michael B. Zemel, Orville Kolterman, Gilbert Alexander Fleming, Frank L. Greenway Jan 2021

Leucine And Sildenafil Combination Therapy Reduces Body Weight And Metformin Enhances The Effect At Low Dose: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Candida J. Rebello, Michael B. Zemel, Orville Kolterman, Gilbert Alexander Fleming, Frank L. Greenway

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background:This study evaluated the potential of activating the fuel-sensing enzymes Adenine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase and the deacetylase sirtuin1, to promote weight loss. We tested the efficacy of a fixed dose combination of the amino acid leucine and 2 well-characterized agents with established safety profiles to modulate energy metabolism and facilitate weight loss.Study Question:Will a combination of l-leucine with low-dose metformin and sildenafil produce a novel synergistic interaction that reduces body weight?Study Design:We conducted a 24-week randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect on weight loss of leucine 1.1 g and sildenafil 1.0 mg or 4.0 mg, with and without metformin …

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Agronomic And Environmental Performance Of Biochar Amendment In Alluvial Soils Under Subtropical Sugarcane Production, Negar Tafti, Jim Wang, Lewis Gaston, Jong Hwan Park, Meng Wang, Scott Pensky Jan 2021

Agronomic And Environmental Performance Of Biochar Amendment In Alluvial Soils Under Subtropical Sugarcane Production, Negar Tafti, Jim Wang, Lewis Gaston, Jong Hwan Park, Meng Wang, Scott Pensky

Faculty Publications

This study investigated the amendment of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCBB) on soil fertility, crop yield, and nutrient loss in two different-textured soils under sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production. Eleven megagrams per hectare of freshly incorporated biochar increased yield of plant cane by 22% in light-texture soil (LS) and 12% in heavy-textured soil (HS). Although the overall yield of the ratoon crop was lower, the biochar treatment produced 20 and 14% higher yields than the control at the LS and HS sites, respectively. Biochar increased soil carbon (Csoil) across LS and HS sites by 15% and decreased the soil C/N ratio by …

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Maternal Gdm Status, Genetically Determined Blood Glucose, And Offspring Obesity Risk: An Observational Study, Qiying Song, Leishen Wang, Huikun Liu, Zhaoxia Liang, Yuhang Chen, Dianjianyi Sun, Weiqin Li, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang, Marly Augusto Cardoso, Gang Hu, Lu Qi Jan 2021

Maternal Gdm Status, Genetically Determined Blood Glucose, And Offspring Obesity Risk: An Observational Study, Qiying Song, Leishen Wang, Huikun Liu, Zhaoxia Liang, Yuhang Chen, Dianjianyi Sun, Weiqin Li, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang, Marly Augusto Cardoso, Gang Hu, Lu Qi

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the associations of genetically determined maternal blood glucose levels with obesity-related outcomes among children from pregnancies with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 1,114 mothers with (N = 560) and without (N = 554) GDM and their children were included in the present study. A maternal genetic risk score (GRS) for blood glucose was constructed on the basis of 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified from a recent genome-wide association study. Results: It was found that maternal GRS for blood glucose showed different associations with offspring risk of overweight …

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Effects Of Lifestyle Intervention Of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus On Offspring Growth Pattern Before Two Years Of Age, Jing Li, Jinnan Liu, Cuiping Zhang, Gongshu Liu, Junhong Leng, Leishen Wang, Weiqin Li, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Juliana C.N. Chan, Xilin Yang Jan 2021

Effects Of Lifestyle Intervention Of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus On Offspring Growth Pattern Before Two Years Of Age, Jing Li, Jinnan Liu, Cuiping Zhang, Gongshu Liu, Junhong Leng, Leishen Wang, Weiqin Li, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Juliana C.N. Chan, Xilin Yang

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Global Health Risk Factors: Physical Inactivity, Fiona Bull, Regina Guthold, Daniel J. Friedman, Peter Katzmarzyk Jan 2021

Global Health Risk Factors: Physical Inactivity, Fiona Bull, Regina Guthold, Daniel J. Friedman, Peter Katzmarzyk

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Regular physical activity improves physical and mental health across all ages, and provides many social, environmental, and economic co-benefits. Physical activity includes all forms of active recreation, sports participation, cycling and walking for transportation, as well as activity undertaken at home or for work. Despite well-established benefits, one quarter of adults and three quarters of adolescents are not sufficiently active. The policy and practice of promoting physical activity integrates multidisciplinary knowledge from across clinical and social medicine, exercise science, health psychology, public health, transport, and environmental studies, to improve global health. With increasing recognition of its role in promoting better …

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Association Between The Consumption Of Breakfast And The Recommendation Of Physical Activity And The Nutritional Status In Children, Eduardo Rossato De Victo, Gerson Ferrari, Dirceu Solé, Carlos André Miranda Pires, Timóteo Leandro Araújo, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo Jan 2021

Association Between The Consumption Of Breakfast And The Recommendation Of Physical Activity And The Nutritional Status In Children, Eduardo Rossato De Victo, Gerson Ferrari, Dirceu Solé, Carlos André Miranda Pires, Timóteo Leandro Araújo, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

The scope of this article is to associate breakfast consumption (BC) with moderate to vi-gorous physical activity (MVPA) intensity and the nutritional status of children aged 9-11. The sample consisted of 432 children from São Caetano do Sul participating in the International Study of Childhood Obesity Lifestyle and the Environment. Data were collected between 2012 and 2013. The weekly BC was obtained using the self-reported method. To measure MVPA, children used ac-celerometers and were classified into two groups (< 60 versus ≥60 min/day). The nutritional status was presented by body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression models were used, adjusted for gender, age, race, parental educational level and eating score. The mean BC was 5.25 (CI95%: 5.1-5.4) days/week and the MVPA was 59.29 (CI95%: 57.3-61.7) min/day. In the total sample, 55.8% of the children did not perform ≥60 min/day of MVPA and 50.2% were overweight or obese. The daily BC was not associated with MVPA, however, it reduced the odds of children being overweight or obese (OR: 0.51; CI95%: 0.34-0.76; p=0.001). Daily BC reduced the odds of excess weight or obesity in children, though it did not increase the chances of children meeting the recommendations of MVPA. Public policies should encourage daily BC to prevent excess weight or obesity.

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Nutritional Status, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Diet, And Lifestyle In Childhood: An Analysis Of Respiratory Diseases In Adolescence, Eduardo Rossato De Victo, Gerson Ferrari, Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo, Carlos André Miranda Pires, Timóteo Leandro Araújo, Peter Todd Katzmarzyk, Dirceu Solé Jan 2021

Nutritional Status, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Diet, And Lifestyle In Childhood: An Analysis Of Respiratory Diseases In Adolescence, Eduardo Rossato De Victo, Gerson Ferrari, Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo, Carlos André Miranda Pires, Timóteo Leandro Araújo, Peter Todd Katzmarzyk, Dirceu Solé

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and lifestyle in childhood with respiratory diseases during adolescence. Methods: Prospective study conducted in Saõ Caetano do Sul, Saõ Paulo-Brazil, as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE). During childhood, indicators of lifestyle (body composition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet) and family environment were measured in 2012 and 2013. After five years, participants answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases (asthma and/or rhinitis). Analyses were determined by logistic regression. Results: …

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Bioenergetics Of Islet Preparations In A Pilot Clinical Trial Of Peri-Transplant Hydroxychloroquine For Autologous Islet Transplantation, Ruth E. Mcdowell, Khawla F. Ali, Saloni Lad, Vicente T. San Martin, Rita Bottino, Matthew Walsh, Tyler Stevens, William Wilke, John P. Kirwan, Betul Hatipoglu Jan 2021

Bioenergetics Of Islet Preparations In A Pilot Clinical Trial Of Peri-Transplant Hydroxychloroquine For Autologous Islet Transplantation, Ruth E. Mcdowell, Khawla F. Ali, Saloni Lad, Vicente T. San Martin, Rita Bottino, Matthew Walsh, Tyler Stevens, William Wilke, John P. Kirwan, Betul Hatipoglu

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The inflammatory response is an obstacle to success in both allogeneic and autologous islet transplantation. In autologous islet transplantation (AIT), however, the recipient is also the donor, permitting pretreatment of donor/recipient for a controlled duration prior to transplantation. We sought to exploit this feature of (AIT) by pretreating donor/recipients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation (TPAIT) to test the hypothesis that peri-transplant treatment with the FDA-approved anti-inflammatory hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) improves graft function. In this randomized placebo-controlled pilot clinical study, patients (n = 6) were treated with oral HCQ for 30 days prior to and 90 days …

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Digital Tools To Support Family-Based Weight Management For Children: Mixed Methods Pilot And Feasibility Study, Amanda E. Staiano, Jenelle R. Shanley, Holly Kihm, Keely R. Hawkins, Shannon Self-Brown, Christoph Höchsmann, Melissa C. Osborne, Monique M. Leblanc, John W. Apolzan, Corby K. Martin Jan 2021

Digital Tools To Support Family-Based Weight Management For Children: Mixed Methods Pilot And Feasibility Study, Amanda E. Staiano, Jenelle R. Shanley, Holly Kihm, Keely R. Hawkins, Shannon Self-Brown, Christoph Höchsmann, Melissa C. Osborne, Monique M. Leblanc, John W. Apolzan, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Family-based behavioral therapy is an efficacious approach to deliver weight management counseling to children and their parents. However, most families do not have access to in-person, evidence-based treatment. We previously developed and tested DRIVE (Developing Relationships that Include Values of Eating and Exercise), a home-based parent training program to maintain body weight among children at risk for obesity, with the intent to eventually disseminate it nationally alongside SafeCare, a parent support program that focuses on parent-child interactions. Currently the DRIVE program has only been tested independently of SafeCare. This study created the “mHealth DRIVE” program by further adapting DRIVE …

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Beyond Weight Loss: Current Perspectives On The Impact Of Calorie Restriction On Healthspan And Lifespan, Maryam Kebbe, Joshua R. Sparks, Emily W. Flanagan, Leanne M. Redman Jan 2021

Beyond Weight Loss: Current Perspectives On The Impact Of Calorie Restriction On Healthspan And Lifespan, Maryam Kebbe, Joshua R. Sparks, Emily W. Flanagan, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Introduction: Changes to mental, physical, and physiological functions drive the complex processes underlying the variable progression of human aging. Nutritional interventions are one of the most promising non-pharmacological therapeutics to attenuate aging in humans. This narrative review aims to describe the implications of moderate and prolonged calorie restriction (CR) in healthy adults without obesity that occur beyond weight loss. Areas covered: Findings from CR studies, such as the CALERIE (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy) trials, the most rigorous trials to date examining a prolonged 25% CR, are described. The main areas covered include; changes to …

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Constrained Learning Of Task-Related And Spatially-Coherent Dictionaries From Task Fmri Data, Sreekrishna Ramakrishnapillai, Harris R. Lieberman, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos, Kori Murray, Preetham Shankapal, Owen T. Carmichael Jan 2021

Constrained Learning Of Task-Related And Spatially-Coherent Dictionaries From Task Fmri Data, Sreekrishna Ramakrishnapillai, Harris R. Lieberman, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos, Kori Murray, Preetham Shankapal, Owen T. Carmichael

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Dictionary learning and sparse coding techniques overcome limitations of traditional voxel-level analyses of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data by identifying broader temporal and spatial patterns of brain activity. However, prior applications of these methods to task-related fMRI data are not simultaneously optimized to find temporal patterns of activity that change in concert with changes in task conditions and spatial patterns that leverage existing neuroscience knowledge. In this study we present a new sparse dictionary learning method that uses prior knowledge of the temporal pattern of task conditions and the locations of brain regions hypothesized to be involved in …

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Eat Clean And Safe Food: A Food-Based Dietary Guideline For The Elderly In South Africa, Makenzie Miller, Wilna Oldewage-Theron, Carin Napier Jan 2021

Eat Clean And Safe Food: A Food-Based Dietary Guideline For The Elderly In South Africa, Makenzie Miller, Wilna Oldewage-Theron, Carin Napier

Faculty Publications

As the population of elderly individuals in South Africa (SA) grows, there is a need to promote the continued health of these persons as they progress through the life cycle. Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) for the SA elderly were developed to address this need. These thirteen guidelines for the elderly collectively offer a basis of health practices that the elderly can follow to ensure that they are taking the right steps toward maintaining their health. While the guideline ‘Eat clean and safe food’ is not included in the current SA FBDGs, this recommendation is of particular importance to the …

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Food And Beverages Promoting Elderly Health: Six Food-Based Dietary Guidelines To Plan Good Mixed Meals For Elderly South Africans, Sanjoy Saha, Upasana Mukherjee, Makenzie Miller, Li Ling Peng, Carin Napier, Heleen Grobbelaar, Wilna Oldewage-Theron Jan 2021

Food And Beverages Promoting Elderly Health: Six Food-Based Dietary Guidelines To Plan Good Mixed Meals For Elderly South Africans, Sanjoy Saha, Upasana Mukherjee, Makenzie Miller, Li Ling Peng, Carin Napier, Heleen Grobbelaar, Wilna Oldewage-Theron

Faculty Publications

Studies have shown that the elderly are at a higher risk of developing malnutrition due to physiological and pathological changes. Several studies have confirmed that older South Africans have insufficient dietary diversity, resulting in nutritional deficiencies. Furthermore, poor and uninformed dietary choices are associated with the development of several diseases and increased mortality. Following the Elderly Food Based Dietary Guidelines (EFBDGs) related to promoting elderly health could ensure that the elderly have an adequate intake of nutritious foods. This paper provides an overview of six FBDGs relating to promoting health and is based on the South African Food Based Dietary …

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Effects Of Immersion In Fermented Tea Liquid And Steam Treatments On Physicochemical Properties And Ginsenoside Profiles Of Korean Ginseng, Peerarat Doungtip, Kyung Tack Kim, Hee Do Hong, Shin Eun Ju, Jae Woong Choi, Thanyaporn Siriwoharn, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Sujinda Sriwattana Jan 2021

Effects Of Immersion In Fermented Tea Liquid And Steam Treatments On Physicochemical Properties And Ginsenoside Profiles Of Korean Ginseng, Peerarat Doungtip, Kyung Tack Kim, Hee Do Hong, Shin Eun Ju, Jae Woong Choi, Thanyaporn Siriwoharn, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Sujinda Sriwattana

Faculty Publications

The study was performed to investigate some changes in physicochemical characteristics and ginsenoside profiles of Korean ginseng after being subjected to immersion in fermented tea liquid (FTL) [at a ratio of ginseng powder: FTL; 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8, w/w] and steam treatments (with and/or without steam). The ratio at 1:4 w/w showed the highest yield of bioactive components and was, therefore, selected to evaluate the effects of steam conditions [temperatures (60, 80, and 100°C) and times (1, 2, and 3 hr)]. The sample treated with FTL, regardless of the steam treatment, had darker color and higher antioxidant activity (IC50 for …

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Comparison Of Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Measurements In Adolescents Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Chelsea L. Kracht, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Amanda E. Staiano Jan 2021

Comparison Of Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Measurements In Adolescents Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Chelsea L. Kracht, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Excess abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. VAT is mainly measured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), yet dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is more affordable and available. The purpose was to compare adolescent VAT values obtained by MRI and DXA. A sample of 330 adolescents 10–16 years of age were recruited (52.3% female, 58.5% White). Abdominal VAT was measured using a General Electric (GE) Discovery MRI scanner with imaging software. A whole-body DXA (GE iDXA) scan was performed, and software calculated VAT within the android region. Wilcoxon signed-rank t-tests were used to determine differences …

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Perceptions Of A Pragmatic Family-Centered Approach To Childhood Obesity Treatment, Betty M. Kennedy, Genevieve Davison, Lauren A. Fowler, Erika Rodriguez-Guzman, Myra L. Collins, Alison Baker, Stephen Cook, Jeanne Lindros, Denise E. Wilfley, Ava J. Zebrick, Amanda E. Staiano Jan 2021

Perceptions Of A Pragmatic Family-Centered Approach To Childhood Obesity Treatment, Betty M. Kennedy, Genevieve Davison, Lauren A. Fowler, Erika Rodriguez-Guzman, Myra L. Collins, Alison Baker, Stephen Cook, Jeanne Lindros, Denise E. Wilfley, Ava J. Zebrick, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: Few studies have examined both parent and child preferences regarding family-based weight management programs (WMPs) delivered in primary care settings, especially among racial minority populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions that parents and their children/adolescents have about the components that should be included in a family-based WMP and to identify perceived preferences, benefits, and/or barriers to participation. Methods: A sample of 60 participants (30 parents and 30 children/adolescents) participated in 1 of 5 separate structured focus groups, using probing questions and the nominal group technique (NGT). Parents reported demographics for themselves and their children/adolescents. …

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Effect Of Hydrological Fluctuation On Nutrient Stoichiometry And Trade-Offs Of Carex Schmidtii, Dongjie Zhang, Qing Qi, Shouzheng Tong, Jim Wang, Mingye Zhang, Guanglei Zhu, Xianguo Lu Jan 2021

Effect Of Hydrological Fluctuation On Nutrient Stoichiometry And Trade-Offs Of Carex Schmidtii, Dongjie Zhang, Qing Qi, Shouzheng Tong, Jim Wang, Mingye Zhang, Guanglei Zhu, Xianguo Lu

Faculty Publications

Nutrient stoichiometry and trade-offs focusing on the mass balance of multiple nutrient elements play important roles in the response mechanism of plants to environmental stresses in wetlands. Nonetheless, little is known about the response dynamics and trade-offs of nutrient elements of wetland plants, especially potassium (K), under hydrological fluctuation conditions. Greenhouse experiments have been undertaken to assess the effects of initial water level (DW), water-level amplitude (AW), lasted time and their interactions on the response processes of nutrient stoichiometry of Carex schmidtii. Plant nutrient trade-offs and limitation were investigated under multiple hydrological fluctuation conditions. Results showed that plant nitrogen (N), …

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Influence Of Preharvest Management Strategies In Beef Cattle On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality, Erin Gubbels Jan 2021

Influence Of Preharvest Management Strategies In Beef Cattle On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality, Erin Gubbels

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overall goal of this thesis project was to better understand the influence of preharvest management strategies at critical growth and development periods on beef performance and meat quality. This was accomplished through two primary objectives: 1) to investigate the effects of maternal prepartum dietary energy source during mid- and late-gestation on growth performance, carcass composition, and meat quality of offspring and 2) to compare the influence of two low stress weaning methods with conventional weaning on post-weaning performance and carcass characteristics of steers. For objective 1, Angus-based cows from two sources (n = 129 from South Dakota State University, …

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