Digital Commons Network^™

Effective Use Of Hearing Aids For Acquisition Of Spoken Language For Learners With Hearing Impairement: Case Of Kisumu County, Kenya, Alice Anyango Auma

Master of Education

The world is waking up to resolve the need to ensure broad-based inclusivity and equity for the hearing impaired. Kenya, a developing nation, is taking deliberate and conscious efforts towards this desired inclusive end, very much in line with Sustainable Development Goals. This study investigated the effective use of hearing aids for the acquisition of spoken language for learners with hearing impairment at St. Joseph’s School for the Deaf in Kisumu County Kenya. The study site was chosen purposively as it was a public primary school for the HI with sufficient access to appreciable governmental and non-governmental investments of HAs …

Considerations For Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Patients During Hospitalization: A Narrative Review Of What We Need To Know In The Age Of Second-Generation Basal Insulin Analogs, Sherwin C. D'Souza, Davida F. Kruger

Endocrinology Articles

With the availability of second-generation basal insulin analogs, insulin degludec (100 and 200 units/ml [degludec]) and insulin glargine 300 units/ml (glargine U300), clinicians now have long-acting, efficacious treatment options with stable pharmacokinetic profiles and associated low risks of hypoglycemia that may be desirable for many patients with type 2 diabetes. In this narrative review, we summarize the current evidence on glycemic control in hospitalized patients and review the pharmacokinetic properties of degludec and glargine U300 in relation to the challenges these may pose during the hospitalization of patients with type 2 diabetes who are receiving outpatient regimens involving these newer …

The Hydration Status Of Female Collegiate Soccer Players Over Consecutive Training And Match Days, Holly E. Clarke, Rebekah S. Carpenter, Katie Spain-Mansmann, James Kyle Taylor, Matthew M. Schubert

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Graduate Research

Purpose: Hydration has been shown to play a pivotal role in sport. Soccer is a team sport in which the integrity of all players is vital for team performance; thus, individual player hydration status is important. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the hydration status of female collegiate soccer players during regular season.

Methods: Sixteen collegiate female soccer players (age: 20.4 ± 0.8 years; height: 163.6 ± 6.9 cm; weight: 65.3 ± 12 kg) provided urine over 9 days to monitor their hydration status. Hydration was determined by urine specific gravity (U_sg). U_sg was …

Society For Immunotherapy Of Cancer Clinical And Biomarkers Data Sharing Resource Document: Volume Ii-Practical Challenges., Alessandra Cesano, Michael A Cannarile, Sacha Gnjatic, Bruno Gomes, Justin Guinney, Vaios Karanikas, Mohan Karkada, John M Kirkwood, Beatrix Kotlan, Giuseppe V Masucci, Els Meeusen, Anne Monette, Aung Naing, Vésteinn Thorsson, Nicholas Tschernia, Ena Wang, Daniel K Wells, Timothy L Wyant, Sergio Rutella

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The development of strongly predictive validated biomarkers is essential for the field of immuno-oncology (IO) to advance. The highly complex, multifactorial data sets required to develop these biomarkers necessitate effective, responsible data-sharing efforts in order to maximize the scientific knowledge and utility gained from their collection. While the sharing of clinical- and safety-related trial data has already been streamlined to a large extent, the sharing of biomarker-aimed clinical trial derived data and data sets has been met with a number of hurdles that have impaired the progression of biomarkers from hypothesis to clinical use. These hurdles include technical challenges associated …

Childhood Trauma And Attachment, Marcia Mihalovic

Counselor Education Capstones

According to statistics, 13% of children by the age of nine will have experienced 4 or more trauma related events (Finkelor et al., 2007, as cited by Cummings et al., 2017). These traumatic events have been linked to increased potential for health, educational, social-emotional, and relational concerns in a child’s future. Additionally, these trauma events have a significant impact on the child’s developing brain. Studies as explored in this paper, link the forming of secure attachments as vital. to resiliency and brain rewiring. The proposed parent/caregiver psychoeducation program consists of interwoven aspects from The Whole-Brain Child (Siegel, 2015), Trust-Based Relational …

Private Farms, Public Power: Governing The Lives Of Dairy Cattle, Jessica Eisen

Journal of Food Law & Policy

It is widely assumed that laws governing dairy productioninclude substantial protection of animals’ interests—that in some way the state is regulating the treatment of farmed animals and protecting them against the worst excesses of their owners’ selfinterest. In fact, across jurisdictions in Canada and the United States, the standards governing farmed animal protection are not established by elected lawmakers or appointed regulators, but are instead primarily defined by private, interested parties, including producers themselves. As scholars of animal law have noted, this has contributed to weak and ineffectual legal protection of the interests of farmed animals. The present study will …

Can Small Farmers Survive?: Problems Of Commercializing The Milk Value Chain In Pakistan, Erum Sattar

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Milk in Pakistan is infused with the self-understanding of a nation. British colonial administrators laid the modern-day foundations of the country’s structure through land grants to small farmers. In an agricultural country where nearly forty percent of the population remains food insecure, rearing animals is a way of life in the rural areas where milk remains an important source of animal protein. Selling the daily surplus that families don’t consume is a significant source of earnings for cash poor families – and here an unprecedented change is taking place within dairy management and milk procurement systems. The scale of this …

The U.S. Dairy Industry In The 20th And 21st Century, George B. Frisvold

Journal of Food Law & Policy

At the beginning of the 20th Century, the U.S. dairy industry was comprised of millions of small-scale operations producing for their own or for very local consumption. By the end of the 20th Century, the industry was dominated by large-scale producers marketing products via large cooperatives. Improvements in transportation, advances in animal breeding and feeding technologies, and scale economies have allowed the industry to be more competitive on global markets, where there is now active international trade in dairy products. Major government programs to support dairy farm income date back to Depression-era problems facing the industry. Federal programs to support …

The Effect Of Using Native Versus Nonnative Language On The Participation Level Of Medical Students During Pbl Tutorials, Maha M. Al Turki, Mohamud S. Mohamud, Emad Masuadi, Mohammed A. Altowejri, Abdullah Farraj, Henk G. Schmidt

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Language competency has been perceived to be a significant barrier to both learning and interaction in university. However, most studies in this field confine themselves to perceptions of students. This study focused on actual behaviors in small group discussions. It explored whether linguistic differences affect the level of participation between students who conduct discussions in their native Arabic language and those who participate in a second language, being English. Method: An experimental study conducted at a Saudi medical school. First-year medical students were assigned randomly to attend two small-group discussions either in Arabic or in English. All sessions were …

Sensory Approach To Self-Regulation For Adolescent Survivors Of Sex Trafficking: An Occupational Therapist's Perspective, Elyse Harmon

Student Capstone Papers

Adolescent survivors of sex trafficking (SST) are susceptible to being in a continual dysregulated arousal state due to lack of mastery in self-regulation. During the trafficking experience, many adolescent SST experience severe trauma and are deprived of opportunities that foster essential regulatory capacities needed for occupational engagement. The use of sensory-based approaches that focus on addressing arousal dysregulation and the impact it has on occupation is an evidence-based practice grounded in occupational therapy research.

This capstone sought to support community reintegration for adolescent SST through the development of sensory-based programming that fosters self-regulation, a skill necessary for occupational participation. A …

Early Marriage And Early Childbearing In South Asia: Trends, Inequalities, And Drivers From 2005 To 2018, Samuel Scott, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Sumanta Neupane, Priyanjana Pramanik, Priya Nanda, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Kaosar Afsana, Purnima Menon

Woman and Child Health

Early marriage (EM) and early childbearing (ECB) have far-reaching consequences. This study describes the prevalence, trends, inequalities, and drivers of EM and ECB in South Asia using eight rounds of Demographic and Health Survey data across 13 years. We report the percentage of ever-married women aged 20-24 years (n = 105,150) married before 18 years (EM) and with a live birth before 20 years (ECB). Relative trends were examined using average annual rate of reduction (AARR). Inequalities were examined by geography, marital household wealth, residence, and education. Sociodemographic drivers of changes for EM were assessed using regression decomposition analyses. We …

Effects Of Daily 24-Gram Doses Of Rice Or Whey Protein On Resistance Training Adaptations In Trained Males, Jessica M. Moon, Kayla M. Ratliff, Julia C. Blumkaitis, Patrick S. Harty, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Richard A. Stecker, Brad S. Currier, Andrew R. Jagim, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Large (48-g), isonitrogenous doses of rice and whey protein have previously been shown to stimulate similar adaptations to resistance training, but the impact of consuming smaller doses has yet to be compared. We evaluated the ability of 24-g doses of rice or whey protein concentrate to augment adaptations following 8 weeks of resistance training.

A Theacrine-Based Supplement Increases Cellular Nad+ Levels And Affects Biomarkers Related To Sirtuin Activity In C2c12 Muscle Cells In Vitro, Petey W. Mumford, Shelby C. Osburn, Carlton D. Fox, Joshua S. Godwin, Michael D. Roberts

Faculty Scholarship

There is evidence in rodents to suggest that theacrine-based supplements modulate tissue sirtuin activity as well as other biological processes associated with aging. Herein, we examined if a theacrine-based supplement (termed NAD3) altered sirtuin activity in vitro while also affecting markers of mitochondrial biogenesis. The murine C2C12 myoblast cell line was used for experimentation. Following 7 days of differentiation, myotubes were treated with 0.45 mg/mL of NAD3 (containing ~2 mM theacrine) for 3 and 24 h (n = 6 treatment wells per time point). Relative to control (CTL)-treated cells, NAD3 treatments increased (p < 0.05) Sirt1 mRNA levels at 3 h, as well as global sirtuin activity at 3 and 24 h. Follow-up experiments comparing 24 h NAD3 or CTL treatments indicated that NAD3 increased nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and SIRT1 protein levels (p < 0.05). Cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels were also elevated nearly two-fold after 24 h of NAD3 versus CTL treatments (p < 0.001). Markers of mitochondrial biogenesis were minimally affected. Although these data are limited to select biomarkers in vitro, these preliminary findings suggest that a theacrine-based supplement can modulate select biomarkers related to NAD+ biogenesis and sirtuin activity. However, these changes did not drive increases in mitochondrial biogenesis. While promising, these data are limited to a rodent cell line and human muscle biopsy studies are needed to validate and elucidate the significance of these findings.

Prevention Of Pediatric Mortality Associated With Malaria: An Exhaustive Literature Review, Taylor Mosley

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Malaria, a disease that is preventable yet frequently fatal, disproportionately affects pediatric African populations at a rate that results in a child under the age of 5 dying every two minutes. Since 1955, the World Health Organization has contributed to a significant reduction in the morbidity and mortality of malaria; however, progress has stalled in recent years. In some countries, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa, cases have increased since 2015. This literature review seeks to identify factors associated with this incline, as well as what interventions can have the greatest impact to prevent pediatric mortality in areas with the largest …

Improving Clinicians’ Access To Patient Education And Va Resource Information, Ella Bermudez

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Abstract

Problem: In a western US Veterans Administration (VA) hospital system, patient education materials are provider-specific, not standardized, and not located in a central, readily available location.

Context: How does a patient education tool affect the clinicians' delivery of health education in increasing health literacy compared to written information alone in the US veteran population? An integrated literature review was performed using Cochrane, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), Scopus, CINAHL, and PubMed databases to address the PICOT question above and determine the impact of patient education tools on health literacy and patient engagement. The literature recommended improving patient education for better …

Calorie Restriction For Enhanced Longevity: The Role Of Novel Dietary Strategies In The Present Obesogenic Environment, James L. Dorling, Corby K. Martin, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Calorie restriction (CR) is a potent modulator of longevity in multiple species. A growing body of evidence shows that sustained periods of CR without malnutrition improves risk factors involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders in humans. Innovative dietary strategies such as intermittent fasting and protein restriction have recently emerged as alternative approaches that improve markers of aging. Some of these newer strategies might provide benefits for healthy aging with little to no CR and therefore, compared to traditional CR, may be easier to follow. Further to providing an update of CR studies …

Qcm Sensor Arrays, Electroanalytical Techniques And Nir Spectroscopy Coupled To Multivariate Analysis For Quality Assessment Of Food Products, Raw Materials, Ingredients And Foodborne Pathogen Detection: Challenges And Breakthroughs†, David K. Bwambok, Noureen Siraj, Samantha Macchi, Nathaniel E. Larm, Gary A. Baker, Rocío L. Pérez, Caitlan E. Ayala, Charuksha Walgama, David Pollard, Jason D. Rodriguez, Souvik Banerjee, Brianda Elzey, Isiah M. Warner, Sayo O. Fakayode

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Quality checks, assessments, and the assurance of food products, raw materials, and food ingredients is critically important to ensure the safeguard of foods of high quality for safety and public health. Nevertheless, quality checks, assessments, and the assurance of food products along distribution and supply chains is impacted by various challenges. For instance, the development of portable, sensitive, low-cost, and robust instrumentation that is capable of real-time, accurate, and sensitive analysis, quality checks, assessments, and the assurance of food products in the field and/or in the production line in a food …

Mobilization Of Iron Stored In Bacterioferritin Is Required For Metabolic Homeostasis In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Achala N.D. Punchi Hewage, Leo Fontenot, Jessie Guidry, Thomas Weldeghiorghis, Anil K. Mehta, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Iron homeostasis offers a significant bacterial vulnerability because pathogens obtain essential iron from their mammalian hosts, but host-defenses maintain vanishingly low levels of free iron. Although pathogens have evolved mechanisms to procure host-iron, these depend on well-regulated iron homeostasis. To disrupt iron homeostasis, our work has targeted iron mobilization from the iron storage protein bacterioferritin (BfrB) by blocking a required interaction with its cognate ferredoxin partner (Bfd). The blockade of the BfrB–Bfd complex by deletion of the bfd gene (∆bfd) causes iron to irreversibly accumulate in BfrB. In this study we …

Development Of A Degree-Day Model To Predict Egg Hatch Of Aedes Albopictus, Kristen B. Healy, Emily Dugas, Dina M. Fonseca

Faculty Publications

Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, is an important nuisance mosquito species and known vector of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Despite their cosmopolitan distribution around the world, there is a paucity of accurate predictive models based on rates of development at different temperatures (degree-day models). These types of models can benefit mosquito control districts by predicting when to target early-season larval development, when populations are likely at their lowest levels. In this study, we determined the effect of temperature and nutrient levels on the development rates and male and female adult size of 2 Ae. albopictus populations: …

17Β-Estradiol Promotes Acute Refeeding In Hungry Mice Via Membrane-Initiated Erα Signaling, Kaifan Yu, Yanlin He, Ilirjana Hyseni, Zhou Pei, Yongjie Yang, Pingwen Xu, Xing Cai, Hesong Liu, Na Qu, Hailan Liu, Yang He, Meng Yu, Chen Liang, Tingting Yang, Julia Wang, Pierre Gourdy, Jean Francois Arnal, Francoise Lenfant, Yong Xu, Chunmei Wang

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Objective: Estrogen protects animals from obesity through estrogen receptor α (ERα), partially by inhibiting overeating in animals fed ad libitum. However, the effects of estrogen on feeding behavior in hungry animals remain unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of 17β-estradiol (E2) and ERα in the regulation of feeding in hungry female animals and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Wild-type female mice with surgical depletion of endogenous estrogens were used to examine the effects of E2 supplementation on acute refeeding behavior after starvation. ERα-C451A mutant mice deficient in membrane-bound ERα activity and ERα-AF20 mutant mice lacking ERα transcriptional activity …

Estrogen Receptor-Α Expressing Neurons In The Ventrolateral Vmh Regulate Glucose Balance, Yanlin He, Pingwen Xu, Chunmei Wang, Yan Xia, Meng Yu, Yongjie Yang, Kaifan Yu, Xing Cai, Na Qu, Kenji Saito, Julia Wang, Ilirjana Hyseni, Matthew Robertson, Badrajee Piyarathna, Min Gao, Sohaib A. Khan, Feng Liu, Rui Chen, Cristian Coarfa, Zhongming Zhao, Qingchun Tong, Zheng Sun, Yong Xu

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Brain glucose-sensing neurons detect glucose fluctuations and prevent severe hypoglycemia, but mechanisms mediating functions of these glucose-sensing neurons are unclear. Here we report that estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vlVMH) can sense glucose fluctuations, being glucose-inhibited neurons (GI-ERαvlVMH) or glucose-excited neurons (GE-ERαvlVMH). Hypoglycemia activates GI-ERαvlVMH neurons via the anoctamin 4 channel, and inhibits GE-ERαvlVMH neurons through opening the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Further, we show that GI-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the medioposterior arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (mpARH) and GE-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the dorsal Raphe nuclei (DRN). Activation of ERαvlVMH …

Estrogen-Sensitive Medial Preoptic Area Neurons Coordinate Torpor In Mice, Zhi Zhang, Fernando M.C.V. Reis, Yanlin He, Jae W. Park, Johnathon R. Divittorio, Nilla Sivakumar, J. Edward Van Veen, Sandra Maesta-Pereira, Michael Shum, India Nichols, Megan G. Massa, Shawn Anderson, Ketema Paul, Marc Liesa, Olujimi A. Ajijola, Yong Xu, Avishek Adhikari, Stephanie M. Correa

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Homeotherms maintain a stable internal body temperature despite changing environments. During energy deficiency, some species can cease to defend their body temperature and enter a hypothermic and hypometabolic state known as torpor. Recent advances have revealed the medial preoptic area (MPA) as a key site for the regulation of torpor in mice. The MPA is estrogen-sensitive and estrogens also have potent effects on both temperature and metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that estrogen-sensitive neurons in the MPA can coordinate hypothermia and hypometabolism in mice. Selectively activating estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons was sufficient to drive a coordinated depression of metabolic rate and body …

Metabolic Adaptation: Is It Really An Illusion?, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Validity And Feasibility Of Image-Assisted Methods For Dietary Assessment, Christoph Höchsmann, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Accurately quantifying dietary intake is essential to understanding the effect of diet on health and evaluating the efficacy of dietary interventions. Self-report methods (e.g., food records) are frequently utilized despite evident inaccuracy of these methods at assessing energy and nutrient intake. Methods that assess food intake via images of foods have overcome many of the limitations of traditional self-report. In cafeteria settings, digital photography has proven to be unobtrusive and accurate and is the method of choice for assessing food provision, plate waste, and food intake. In free-living conditions, image capture of food selection and plate waste via the user’s …

Genetic Variation In Lean Body Mass, Changes Of Appetite And Weight Loss In Response To Diet Interventions: The Pounds Lost Trial, Xiang Li, Tao Zhou, Hao Ma, Yoriko Heianza, Catherine M. Champagne, Donald A. Williamson, George A. Bray, Frank M. Sacks, Lu Qi

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Aim: To investigate whether the genetic risk score (GRS) for lean body mass (LBM) modified the effects of weight-loss diets on changes in appetite and adiposity among overweight and obese individuals. Participants and Methods: In the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS Lost) trial, we included 692 adults who were randomly assigned to one of four diets varying in macronutrient intake. A GRS was calculated using five single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with LBM. Results: The LBM-GRS was not associated with the baseline LBM measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a subgroup (50%) of the study population. We found …

2020 Who Guidelines On Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour For Children And Adolescents Aged 5–17 Years: Summary Of The Evidence, Jean Philippe Chaput, Juana Willumsen, Fiona Bull, Roger Chou, Ulf Ekelund, Joseph Firth, Russell Jago, Francisco B. Ortega, Peter T. Katzmarzyk

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) released in 2020 updated global guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for children, adolescents, adults, older adults and sub-populations such as pregnant and postpartum women and those living with chronic conditions or disabilities. Objective: To summarize the evidence on the associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and health-related outcomes used to inform the 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for children and adolescents aged 5–17 years. Methods: The update of the WHO guideline recommendations for children and adolescents utilized and systematically updated the evidence syntheses on physical activity and sedentary …

A Multivariate Multilevel Analysis Of Youth Motor Competence. The Peruvian Health And Optimist Growth Study, Carla Sofia Pinho Dos Santos, Alcibíades Bustamante, Donald Hedeker, Olga Vasconcelos, Rui Garganta, Go Tani, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

We use a multivariate multilevel model to study the links between physical fitness (PF) and gross motor coordination (GMC) and investigate the influence of predictors affecting their levels across age. We sampled 7918 Peruvians, aged 6-15 years, from sea-level, Amazon region and high-altitude. Composite markers of GMC and PF were derived (GMCz and PFz, respectively). BMI, biological maturation, and stunting were assessed. School characteristics were obtained via an objective audit. School contexts explained 35% of the associations between PFz and GMCz, whereas children's characteristics explained 65% of the total variation. On average, with increasing age, there was a greater increase …

New Global Guidelines On Sedentary Behaviour And Health For Adults: Broadening The Behavioural Targets, Paddy C. Dempsey, Stuart J.H. Biddle, Matthew P. Buman, Sebastien Chastin, Ulf Ekelund, Christine M. Friedenreich, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Michael F. Leitzmann, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Hidde P. Van Der Ploeg, Juana Willumsen, Fiona Bull

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: In 2018, the World Health Organisation (WHO) commenced a program of work to update the 2010 Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, for the first-time providing population-based guidelines on sedentary behaviour. This paper briefly summarizes and highlights the scientific evidence behind the new sedentary behaviour guidelines for all adults and discusses its strengths and limitations, including evidence gaps/research needs and potential implications for public health practice. Methods: An overview of the scope and methods used to update the evidence is provided, along with quality assessment and grading methods for the eligible new systematic reviews. The literature search update …

Advancing The Global Physical Activity Agenda: Recommendations For Future Research By The 2020 Who Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior Guidelines Development Group, Loretta Dipietro, Salih Saad Al-Ansari, Stuart J.H. Biddle, Katja Borodulin, Fiona C. Bull, Matthew P. Buman, Greet Cardon, Catherine Carty, Jean Philippe Chaput, Sebastien Chastin, Roger Chou, Paddy C. Dempsey, Ulf Ekelund, Joseph Firth, Christine M. Friedenreich, Leandro Garcia, Muthoni Gichu, Russell Jago, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Estelle Lambert, Michael Leitzmann, Karen Milton, Francisco B. Ortega, Chathuranga Ranasinghe, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Anne Tiedemann, Richard P. Troiano, Hidde P. Van Der Ploeg, Juana F. Willumsen

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: In July, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) commenced work to update the 2010 Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health and established a Guideline Development Group (GDG) comprising expert public health scientists and practitioners to inform the drafting of the 2020 Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior. The overall task of the GDG was to review the scientific evidence and provide expert advice to the WHO on the amount of physical activity and sedentary behavior associated with optimal health in children and adolescents, adults, older adults (> 64 years), and also specifically in pregnant and postpartum women …

Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Zbtb16 Coordinates The Response To Energy Deficit In The Mouse Hypothalamus, Helia Cheng, Schuyler J. Pablico, Jisu Lee, Ji Suk Chang, Sangho Yu

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The central nervous system controls feeding behavior and energy expenditure in response to various internal and external stimuli to maintain energy balance. Here we report that the newly identified transcription factor zinc finger and BTB domain containing 16 (Zbtb16) is induced by energy deficit in the paraventricular (PVH) and arcuate (ARC) nuclei of the hypothalamus via glucocorticoid (GC) signaling. In the PVH, Zbtb16 is expressed in the anterior half of the PVH and co-expressed with many neuronal markers such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh), oxytocin (Oxt), arginine vasopressin (Avp), and nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1). Knockdown (KD) of …