Digital Commons Network^™

Human Biomarker Discovery And Predictive Models For Disease Progression For Idiopathic Pneumonia Syndrome Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Daniela M. Schlatzer, Jean-Eudes Dazard, Rob M. Ewing, Serguei Ilchenko, Saada Eid, Mark R. Chance, Kenneth R. Cooke

Faculty Scholarship

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is the only curative therapy for many malignant and non-malignant conditions. Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) is a frequently fatal complication that limits successful outcomes. Preclinical models suggest that IPS represents an immune mediated attack on the lung involving elements of both the adaptive and the innate immune system. However, the etiology of IPS in humans is less well understood. To explore the disease pathway and uncover potential biomarkers of disease, we performed two separate label-free, proteomics experiments defining the plasma protein profiles of allogeneic SCT patients with IPS. Samples obtained from SCT recipients without …

Susceptibility Of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), At Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico, To Different Insecticides, Difabachew K. Belay, Randy M. Huckaba, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a polyphagous migratory pest, which is endemic to the Western Hemisphere and attacks more than 80 plant species including maize, sorghum, cotton, rice, millet, peanut, alfalfa, and other cultivated and wild plant species. Presence of multiple generations and the ability to migrate and feed on a wide range of host plants makes FAW one of the most severe economic pests throughout the Western Hemisphere. In corn, yield losses due to FAW damage can reach up to 32% in the United States and 45–60% in Nicaragua. Insecticides are used as major …

North Central Region Soil Survey Conference Field Tour

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Composition Of The Adult Digestive Tract Bacterial Microbiome Based On Seven Mouth Surfaces, Tonsils, Throat And Stool Samples, Nicola Segata, Susan Kinder Haake, Peter Mannon, Katherine P. Lemon, Levi Waldron, Dirk Gevers, Curtis Huttenhower, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background: To understand the relationship between our bacterial microbiome and health, it is essential to define the microbiome in the absence of disease. The digestive tract includes diverse habitats and hosts the human body’s greatest bacterial density. We describe the bacterial community composition of ten digestive tract sites from more than 200 normal adults enrolled in the Human Microbiome Project, and metagenomically determined metabolic potentials of four representative sites.

Results: The microbiota of these diverse habitats formed four groups based on similar community compositions: buccal mucosa, keratinized gingiva, hard palate; saliva, tongue, tonsils, throat; sub- and supra-gingival plaques; …

Metabolic Reconstruction For Metagenomic Data And Its Application To The Human Microbiome, Sahar Abubucker, Nicola Segata, Johannes Goll, Alyxandria M. Schubert, Jacques Izard, Brandi L. Cantarel, Beltran Rodriguez-Mueller, Jeremy Zucker, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Bernard Henrissat, Owen White, Scott T. Scott, Barbara Methé, Patrick D. Schloss, Dirk Gever, Makedonka Mitreva, Curtis Huttenhower

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Microbial communities carry out the majority of the biochemical activity on the planet, and they play integral roles in processes including metabolism and immune homeostasis in the human microbiome. Shotgun sequencing of such communities’ metagenomes provides information complementary to organismal abundances from taxonomic markers, but the resulting data typically comprise short reads from hundreds of different organisms and are at best challenging to assemble comparably to single-organism genomes. Here, we describe an alternative approach to infer the functional and metabolic potential of a microbial community metagenome. We determined the gene families and pathways present or absent within a community, as …

Multifunctional Cd4 Cells Expressing Gamma Interferon And Perforin Mediate Protection Against Lethal Influenza Virus Infection, Deborah M. Brown, Sarah Lee, Maria De La Luz Garcia-Hernandez, Susan L. Swain

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

CD4 effectors generated in vitro can promote survival against a highly pathogenic influenza virus via an antibody-independent mechanism involving class II-restricted, perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. However, it is not known whether CD4 cells activated during influenza virus infection can acquire cytolytic activity that contributes to protection against lethal challenge. CD4 cells isolated from the lungs of infected mice were able to confer protection against a lethal dose of H1N1 influenza virus A/Puerto Rico 8/34 (PR8). Infection of BALB/c mice with PR8 induced a multifunctional CD4 population with proliferative capacity and ability to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in …

Paramecium Bursaria Chlorella Virus 1 Proteome Reveals Novel Architectural And Regulatory Features Of A Giant Virus, David D. Dunigan, Ronald Cerny, Andrew T. Bauman, Jared C. Roach, Leslie C. Lane, Irina V. Agarkova, Kurt William Wulser, Giane M. Yanai-Balser, James Gurnon, Jason C. Vitek, Bernard J. Kronschnabel, Adrien Jeannard, Guillaume Blanc, Chris Upton, Garry A. Duncan, O. William Mcclung, Fangrui Ma, James L. Van Etten

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The 331 kilobase pairs chlorovirus PBCV-1 genome was re-sequenced and annotated to correct errors in the original 15 year old sequence; forty codons was considered the minimum protein size of an open reading frame. PBCV-1 encodes 416 predicted protein encoding sequences and 11 tRNAs. A proteome analysis was also conducted on highly purified PBCV-1 virions using two mass-spectrometry based protocols. The mass spectrometry-derived data were compared to PBCV-1 and its host Chlorella variabilis NC64A predicted proteomes. Combined, these analyses revealed 148 unique virus-encoded proteins associated with the virion (about 35% of the coding capacity of the virus) and one host …

Composting Manure And Other Organic Materials, Charles S. Wortmann, Charles A. Shapiro

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The Composting Process

Composting is the aerobic decomposition of manure or other organic materials in the thermophilic temperature range (104-149oF). Composted material is odorless, fine-textured, and low-moisture. It can be bagged and sold for use in gardens or nurseries, or used as fertilizer on cropland with little odor or fly breeding potential. Composting improves the handling characteristics of any organic residue by reducing its volume and weight. Composting can kill pathogens and weed seeds.

Disadvantages of composting organic residues include loss of nitrogen and other nutrients, time for processing, cost for handling equipment, available land for composting, odors, marketing, diversion …

Urinary Copper Elevation In A Mouse Model Of Wilson’S Disease Is A Regulated Process To Specifically Decrease The Hepatic Copper Load, Lawrence W. Gray, Fangyu Peng, Shannon A. Molloy, Venkata S. Pendyala, Abigael Muchenditsi, Otto Muzik, Jaekwon Lee, Jack H. Kaplan, Svetlana Lutsenko

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Body copper homeostasis is regulated by the liver, which removes excess copper via bile. In Wilson’s disease (WD), this function is disrupted due to inactivation of the copper transporter ATP7B resulting in hepatic copper overload. High urinary copper is a diagnostic feature of WD linked to liver malfunction; the mechanism behind urinary copper elevation is not fully understood. Using Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) imaging of live Atp7b^‒/^‒ mice at different stages of disease, a longitudinal metal analysis, and characterization of copper-binding molecules, we show that urinary copper elevation is a specific regulatory process mediated …

Influence Of Aphid Honeydew On The Foraging Behavior Of Hippodamia Convergens Larvae, Swapna R. Purandare, Brigitte Tenhumberg

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

1. Environmental cues associated with prey are known to increase predator foraging efficiency. Ladybird larvae are major predators of aphids. The sugary excretion of aphids (honeydew) has been proposed to serve as a prey-associated cue for ladybird larvae.

2. Ladybird larvae are regularly found on the ground moving between plants or after falling off plants. The use of prey-associated cues would be particularly beneficial for ladybird larvae on the ground in that such cues would help them to decide which plants to climb because aphids are patchily distributed within as well as amongst plants and, as a result, many plants …

The Quest For The Perfect Prostate Biopsy Continues, Leonard G. Gomella

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Pravastatin Or 12/15 Lipoxygenase Pathway Inhibitors On Indices Of Diabetic Nephropathy In An Experimental Model Of Diabetic Renal Disease, Hayam I. Gad

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To attenuate the effects of early streptozotocin-induced diabetes on renal functions through supplementation with either pravastatin or 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitors. METHODS: The study was carried out at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from November 2010 to November 2011. Rats were assigned to control rats (group I) receiving vehicle; normoalbuminuric diabetic rats receiving vehicle (group IIa), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (group IIb), NDGA + insulin (group IIc), pravastatin (group IId) or pravastatin + insulin (group IIe); and microalbuminuric diabetic rats receiving vehicle (group IIIa), NDGA (group IIIb), NDGA + insulin (group IIIc), pravastatin (group IIId) or pravastatin + insulin …

Three-Dimension Anatomy-Based Planning Optimization For High Dose Rate Vaginal Vault Brachytherapy, Yasir A. Bahadur, Ashraf H. Hassouna, Camelia T. Constantinescu, Adly F. Naga, Noor M. Ghasal, Mohamed E. Elsayed

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively compare 3-dimension (3D)-inverse planning optimization with 2 conventional planning methods in vaginal vault high-dose-rate brachytherapy. METHODS: We randomly selected 26 patients with endometrium cancer, treated with external beam radiotherapy followed by intracavitary high-dose-rate brachytherapy. The study was carried out in the Radiotherapy Unit of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between July 2010 and October 2011. For each brachytherapy fraction, dose-volume-histograms were analyzed for 3 different dose prescription protocols: 0.5 cm from the applicator9s tip, 0.5 cm along the applicator9s surface, and inverse planning. RESULTS: Dose-volume-histogram analysis showed a significant difference (p<0.001) between the 3 treatment planning methods regarding clinical-target-volume prescribed dose coverage: 26.7%±5.4% versus 48.5%±6.7% versus 68.6%±7.5%. The doses received by the volumes of 2 cm3 of organs-at-risk were (p<0.001): rectum: 4.6±1.1 Gy versus 2.8±0.5 Gy versus 3.3±0.5 Gy; sigmoid: 1.4±0.8 Gy versus 0.7±0.3 Gy versus 0.9±0.5 Gy; and bladder: 3.7±1.0 Gy versus 2.3±0.5 Gy, versus 2.7±0.6 Gy. CONCLUSION: Three-dimension inverse planning provides the ability to balance the target dose coverage against the sparing of organs at risk. For vaginal vault high-dose-rate inverse planning brachytherapy, the use of a CT scan only for the first fraction of treatment is feasible, and the dosimetric impact is minimal.

Home Ranges Of Female Rio Grande Turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo Intermedia) In Southern Texas, Eric Reyes Ramirez, Megan C. Clayton, Cody W. Lawson, Stephen M. Burns, Rafael Guarneros-Altimirano, Stephen J. Demaso, William P. Kuvlesky Jr., David G. Hewitt, J. Alfonso Ortega-Santos, Tyler A. Campbell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We captured and placed radio transmitters on 27, 37, and 51 female Rio Grande turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) on the Encino, Norias, and Laureles divisions of King Ranch, respectively, in Brooks, Kenedy, and Kleberg counties, Texas. Mean annual sizes of home ranges were 838–5,867 ha, which were larger than most individual holdings of private property in Texas. Conservation plans should take this into consideration.

Archaeological Investigations Of Control And Autonomy At The Colony Farm Of The Michigan State Asylum, 1880-1950, Alison Thornton

Masters Theses

This project is designed to look into mechanisms of control and patient autonomy in institutional confinement, using Colony Farm in Kalamazoo, Michigan as a case study. I have chosen to specifically examine landscape, architecture, foodways, and personal goods/dress as avenues in which to parse out information regarding control and autonomy. The main themes throughout this paper are work as a cure, patient labor, and the blurring of roles between patients, staff members, and paid hired workers. These themes are intertwined with landscape, architecture, foodways, and personal goods/dress and highlight the contradictions inherent in institutional confinement, especially in the context of …

Integrating Depositional Facies And Stratigraphy In Characterizing Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoirs: Trenton Group Of The Albion-Scipio Trend, Michigan, Marcel R. Robinson

Masters Theses

Reservoir characterization of carbonate rocks requires understanding the role of depositional and diagenetic parameters in reservoir distribution. This is especially true for the diagenetically-altered and structurally-influenced Trenton-Black River reservoirs of the Michigan Basin. Evaluating the depositional evolution and reservoir characteristics of component depositional facies through modeling and stratigraphic reconstruction would aid in exploration and characterization through providing a prediction tool for reservoir distribution, both within and outside of the Michigan Basin.

Results indicate that reservoir development is controlled by primary rock fabric related to depositional facies. Depositional and stratigraphic reconstructions show facies distribution trends occur consistently and therefore predictably away …

Promoting Understanding Of Informed Consent, Michael N. Reynolds

Masters Theses

Several studies have shown that research participants who have consented to participate in a study often have limited comprehension of the information presented in the informed consent process. This study compared performance on an end-of-study consent document information retention measure between a read-and-sign consent procedure control group and an enhanced consent procedure experimental group. The enhanced consent procedure consisted of a pre-consent educational module and a question-and-answer style consent document. The control group scored an average of 78.7% correct on the multiple-choice question measure of participant retention of information contained within the consent documents. The experimental group scored an average …

The Relation Among Essential Habitat, Ocean Acidification, And Calcification On The Nantucket Bay Scallop (Argopecten Irradians), Bryanna Joy Broadaway

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

The relation among essential habitat, ocean acidification, and calcification in Argopecten irradians (Lamarck 1819) was examined through field and laboratory research. Three major questions were addressed: 1) What habitat conditions are associated with abundant populations of bay scallops in Nantucket Harbor? 2) How might future predictions of ocean pH decline affect the biomineralization of shell by bay scallop across juvenile and adult life stages? 3) Are there biochemical indicators that can inform our understanding on how the bay scallop may cope with ocean acidifying events? Elemental fingerprinting of adult and juvenile Nantucket bay scallop shells, A. irradians, revealed distinct element/Ca …

Management Of Land Use Land Cover Through The Application Of Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems And Simulation, Praveen Jha

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Deforestation and degradation of forest areas, including those in the Protected Areas (PAs), are major concerns in India. There were 2 broad objectives of the study: the technological objective pertained to the development of state-of-art programs that could serve as Decision Support Systems while finalizing plans and policy interventions, while the other objective aimed at generating geo-spatial data in 2 PAs. A part of the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, Manas Tiger Reserve (MTR), Assam, India having an area of 2837.12 sq km and an important part of Rajaji-Corbett Tiger Conservation Unit, Rajaji National Park (RNP), Uttarakhand, India, having an area …

Meanings And Typologies Of Duboisian Double Consciousness Within 20th Century United States Racial Dynamics, Marc E. Black

Graduate Masters Theses

Americans still have more work ahead before we can come together and laugh together as a race-conscious people. This thesis is about the sad and painful work we need to do so we can heal and rejoice as a truly free and equal partnership of all our various communities. To tie ourselves together through and after our healing of our racial conflicts, we will share a special intimacy, a human connection, where our shared culture, our partnership, (overlapping with our primary cultures) includes our high proficiency at understanding how we appear to each other. This new cultural understanding and partnership …

Lis Curriculum Review Using Focus Group Interviews Of Employers, Khalid Mahmood

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction

The employers of library and information science graduates are many and varied in nature. Designing an LIS educational program for diversified needs and expectations of the employers is very difficult. Library schools are always expected to get input from the consumers of their product about their changing expectations and needed skill set of the graduates. IFLA guidelines (2000) and ALA standards (2008) for LIS educational programs also acknowledge the employers’ right to know whether a given program is of good standing. They recommend the involvement of employers in planning and evaluation of program goals/objectives and curriculum. They also recommend …

Montclair Magazine (Spring/Summer 2012), Montclair State University

Montclair: The magazine of Montclair State University

No abstract provided.

Human Dignity And Health Law: Personhood In Recent Bioethical Debates, Zachary R. Calo

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

A Stream Would Rise From The Earth, And Water The Whole Face Of The Ground: The Ethical Necessity For Wetlands Protection Post-Rapanos, Kristen L. Holm-Hansen

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Customary Adoptions For Non-Indian Children: Borrowing From Tribal Traditions To Encourage Permanency For Legal Orphans Through Bypassing Termination Of Parental Rights, Paula Polasky

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

A Cross-Cultural Analysis Of Women's Sexual Health, Ariel Manu Eastburn

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Life Of Water, Sherry Pogorzelski

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Reducing The Enviromental Impact Of Horse Keeping, Amanda R. Shere

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Articulating Sexuality: A Critical History Of Gay And Lesbian Anthropology, Carly Fox

Social Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to explore anthropological discourses regarding sexuality and relate them to the lived experiences of individuals. The paper is divided into two interrelated sections: historical and theoretical. Section one identifies a subfield within anthropology, gay and lesbian anthropology, most prominently represented by The Society of Lesbian and Gay Anthropologists (SOLGA), and traces its emergence within the wider discipline of anthropology. It highlights the foundational scholars and theoretical shifts that have been crucial in defining the subfield as it is today and looks at how early anthropologists approached sexuality in general, and same- sex sexuality in …

Aging Out Of Foster Care: A Review Of Best Practices Towards Prevention And Amelioration, Katherine Lukov Stock

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.