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A Principled Methodology: A Dozen Principles Of Software Effort Estimation, Ekrem Kocaguneli Dec 2012

A Principled Methodology: A Dozen Principles Of Software Effort Estimation, Ekrem Kocaguneli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Software effort estimation (SEE) is the activity of estimating the total effort required to complete a software project. Correctly estimating the effort required for a software project is of vital importance for the competitiveness of the organizations. Both under- and over-estimation leads to undesirable consequences for the organizations. Under-estimation may result in overruns in budget and schedule, which in return may cause the cancellation of projects; thereby, wasting the entire effort spent until that point. Over-estimation may cause promising projects not to be funded; hence, harming the organizational competitiveness.;Due to the significant role of SEE for software organizations, there is …


Psychosocial Concerns In Pediatric Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients, Janelle M. Mentrikoski Dec 2012

Psychosocial Concerns In Pediatric Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients, Janelle M. Mentrikoski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Obstetric brachial plexus injuries (OBPI) occur during childbirth when the child's shoulder blade gets stuck on the mother's pubic bone, resulting in damage to nerves in the child's shoulder. Due to the possible visible nature (e.g., injured arm may be shorter than the non-injured arm) and mobility limitations (e.g., difficulties in raising the injured arm to brush one's teeth) associated with these injuries, youth with OBPI may experience psychosocial difficulties. However, little research has examined the psychosocial functioning in this population. The current study sought to investigate possible predictors of social functioning and self-concept in youth with OBPI. This study …


Expanding Training Opportunities For Parents Of Children With Autism, Jennifer Lee Suppo Aug 2012

Expanding Training Opportunities For Parents Of Children With Autism, Jennifer Lee Suppo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that parents who have children diagnosed with autism can obtain and apply knowledge of a research-based support for their children by utilizing a prescribed, self-directed, online program, giving families another possible method of obtaining training to help meet the discrepancy that exists between need and service. The design was a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design that was used to test knowledge obtained from treatment. Additionally, the researcher examined parents' application of knowledge and perceptions regarding the treatment. The results demonstrate that parents who receive training using this method can obtain and …


Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones Aug 2012

Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous research investigating risk recognition in female victims of child sexual abuse has focused on college-aged women and young adults to the exclusion of adolescent females, who are just entering the stage where dating and sexual relationships are becoming important. Research with college-aged women and young adults has demonstrated that women with a history of child sexual abuse are less likely to detect risk cues in social environments. Understanding how adolescents perceive risky situations is important in preventing the trajectory from child sexual abuse to later adult victimization. It also is important to understand deficits in risk perception across a …


Color-Blind: The Effects Of A Reporter's Race On Framing, Gregory A. Cranmer Aug 2012

Color-Blind: The Effects Of A Reporter's Race On Framing, Gregory A. Cranmer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous literature has established the widespread use of frames that contrast athletes' physical (i.e., the "brawn" frame) and mental abilities (i.e., the "brain" frame) in mediated sports content, especially in verbal commentary. An athlete's race has been extensively studied as a key variable that determines which frames are implemented by media institutions, as Black athletes are framed in the brawn frame and White athletes are framed in the brain frame. The current study analyzed the presence, salience, and valence of brawn and brain frames of Heisman finalists in newspaper articles. This study extended previous research by examining (a) written content, …


Developing A Practical Consumable Reinforcer For The Experimental Analysis Of Human Operant Behavior, Emily Hill Morris Aug 2012

Developing A Practical Consumable Reinforcer For The Experimental Analysis Of Human Operant Behavior, Emily Hill Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two projects tested the reinforcing efficacy of a reduction in effort associated with a computer-based laboratory task. In both projects, college students could earn points exchangeable for money by working on an Imposed task or, by executing a changeover response, they could earn the points on an Alternate task. Of interest was whether access to the Alternate task would reinforce the changeover response. In Project 1 the students tracked a moving target on the screen. In the Imposed task the target was programmed to move faster and change directions more frequently relative to the target in the Alternate task. Despite …


Systems With Session-Based Workloads: Assessing Performance And Reliability, Nikola Janevski Aug 2012

Systems With Session-Based Workloads: Assessing Performance And Reliability, Nikola Janevski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many systems, including the Web and Software as a Service (SaaS), are best characterized with session-based workloads. Empirical studies have shown that Web session arrivals exhibit long range dependence and that the number of requests in a session is well modeled with skewed or heavy-tailed distributions. However, models that account for session workloads characterized by empirically observed phenomena and studies of their impact on performance and reliability metrics are lacking.;For assessing performance, we use a feedback queue to account for session-based workloads in a physically meaningful way and use simulation to analyze the behavior of the Web system under Long …


Physicochemical Properties Of Alaska Pollock (Theragra Chalcogramma) Surimi Seafood Nutrified With Powdered Cellulose Fiber And Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Alicia Debusca Aug 2012

Physicochemical Properties Of Alaska Pollock (Theragra Chalcogramma) Surimi Seafood Nutrified With Powdered Cellulose Fiber And Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Alicia Debusca

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Surimi is minced deboned fish meat that has been washed of lipids, sarcoplasmic proteins, and other impurities. Surimi seafood, also known as "imitation crabmeat", is widely enjoyed in the United States; however, it is not currently nutrified with fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and salt substitute. In the present study, preliminary experimentation was done to determine the optimal level of fiber addition. Powdered cellulose was added to Alaska Pollock surimi gels at levels of 0% (control), 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% fiber. The objectives of this initial study were to determine effect of dietary fiber on 1) color and textural …


A Case Study: How Students In A Small Rural West Virginia County Spend Their Out Of School Time, Veronica R. Wilcox Aug 2012

A Case Study: How Students In A Small Rural West Virginia County Spend Their Out Of School Time, Veronica R. Wilcox

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

How youth spend their Out of School Time (OST) has a significant impact on their development. Youth get developmental assets from an integration of home, family, school, church, friends, neighbors, community, activities, and positive youth development programs -- there are numerous inputs outside of school. Knowing how they spend their Out of School Time will allow the discovery of ways to improve youth development. A case study of all fifth, seventh, and ninth graders in a small rural West Virginia county was conducted using a questionnaire to determine how they spent their Out of School Time. Youth were asked about …


Comparison And Discrimination Of Aged And Laundered Fibers By Uv-Vis Microspectrophotometry And Colorimetry, Sushana S. Wiliams Aug 2012

Comparison And Discrimination Of Aged And Laundered Fibers By Uv-Vis Microspectrophotometry And Colorimetry, Sushana S. Wiliams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fibers are commonly encountered trace evidence materials that are observed and analyzed in forensic science. The analysis of fibers currently relies upon chromatography, microscopy, spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (1, 2). While most features of fibers are easily established, the determination and comparison of one important attribute, color, is complex(3, 4). Factors such as environmental conditions may play an important role when identifying, analyzing and comparing color between questions and known fiber samples.;While color can be evaluated subjectively, it can also be characterized instrumentally. This property may observe subtle or significant differences when fibers have been exposed to aging and laundering. …


Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence Aug 2012

Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Manding (requesting) is a vital component of successful language development and allows children to access reinforcers in their environment. When training mands, caregivers may not implement the training program as designed ("treatment integrity failures"). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of incorrect-item delivery (Experiment 1) and response-independent item delivery (Experiment 2) across four levels of treatment integrity (0%, 40%, 70%, and 100%) on mand acquisition. A total of six children (three in each experiment), who communicated vocally using full sentences and engaged in some independent manding participated in the study. During Experiment 1, two of …


C-Peptide Improves Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Redox Balance By Preventing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress And Enhancing Nadph Synthesis, Himani Vejandla Aug 2012

C-Peptide Improves Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Redox Balance By Preventing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress And Enhancing Nadph Synthesis, Himani Vejandla

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

C-peptide, a by-product of insulin biosynthesis, has been shown to ameliorate diabetes-induced renal impairment. Yet, the mechanisms underlying this protective benefit remain unclear. Our studies have shown that C-peptide improved renal peritubular capillary blood flow and reduced vascular oxidants. NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), appears to be critical to this effect via the actions of numerous vasoprotective systems. Further, our experiments in type I diabetic mice resulted in a significant reduction in renal endothelial NADPH that is subsequently restored with C-peptide. We hypothesized that C-peptide provides protection to renal cortical endothelial cells during type I diabetes by restoring the …


Perfect Matching And Circuit Cover Of Graphs, Dong Ye Aug 2012

Perfect Matching And Circuit Cover Of Graphs, Dong Ye

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The research of my dissertation is motivated by the Circuit Double Cover Conjecture due to Szekeres and independently Seymour, that every bridgeless graph G has a family of circuits which covers every edge of G twice. By Fleischner's Splitting Lemma, it suffices to verify the circuit double cover conjecture for bridgeless cubic graphs.;It is well known that every edge-3-colorable cubic graph has a circuit double cover. The structures of edge-3-colorable cubic graphs have strong connections with the circuit double cover conjecture. In chapter two, we consider the structure properties of a special class of edge-3-colorable cubic graphs, which has an …


Estimation Of Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) Diets Using Fatty Acid Signature Analysis, Edward J. Mcginley Aug 2012

Estimation Of Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) Diets Using Fatty Acid Signature Analysis, Edward J. Mcginley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Accurate estimates of diets are essential for the management of fisheries, especially when this information is used to construct food webs for a system. Traditionally, these studies have relied on examining the stomachs contents through direct observation of sacrificed fish, or using instruments to "flush" the items from the stomach. These methods only provide information on the recent feeding history. Fatty acid analysis is a biochemical technique that offers promise for examining diets in fish over a longer time scale than just the last few prey species consumed. The goal of this dissertation was to examine the feasibility and efficacy …


Artificial Intelligence Assisted History Matching -- Proof Of Concept, Alireza Shahkarami Aug 2012

Artificial Intelligence Assisted History Matching -- Proof Of Concept, Alireza Shahkarami

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

History matching is the process of adjusting uncertain reservoir parameters until an acceptable match with the measured production data is obtained. Complexity and sub-optimal knowledge of reservoir characteristics makes this process time-consuming with high computational cost. In the past, computer-assisted history matching has attempted to make this process faster; however, the degree of success of these techniques continues to be a subject for debate.;In this study, the objective is to prove and examine the application of a relatively new Artificial Intelligence based technology (Surrogate Reservoir Model -- SRM) to assist the history match process. SRM is a prototype of full-field …


Investigating Changes In Productivity Of An Old Growth Juniperus Stand: A Physiological And Isotopic Approach, Scott E. Spal Aug 2012

Investigating Changes In Productivity Of An Old Growth Juniperus Stand: A Physiological And Isotopic Approach, Scott E. Spal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Forest ecosystems play a central role in the global carbon cycle and are a major part of the terrestrial carbon sink. For more accurate predictions of terrestrial C sequestration models require a mechanistic understanding of how carbon cycling in trees and forests responds to atmospheric CO 2, temperature, and precipitation. With this comes a need for a greater understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved with changes in forest productivity as trees and forests age. This research used an old growth stand of Juniperus virginiana (Eastern red cedar) in the Central Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia to examine how carbon assimilation …


In-Situ Surface Deformation And Ir Emission Measurements For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Huang Guo Aug 2012

In-Situ Surface Deformation And Ir Emission Measurements For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Huang Guo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Direct utilization of coal syngas in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can potentially be an efficient technology for next generation clean power generation. Long-term durability is an important requirement for the application of SOFC technology. The useful working life of SOFCs depends on the material degradation which is due to the aggressive environment at the operating conditions. In addition to the electrochemical performance, the mechanical integrity of the fuel cell anode is also essential for successful long-term operation.;Material degradation may occur due to several mechanisms depending on the environment and loading conditions. It is reported that SOFC anodes are susceptible …


Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots For High-Efficiency Optoelectronic Conversions, Yiqiang Zhang Aug 2012

Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots For High-Efficiency Optoelectronic Conversions, Yiqiang Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Monodispersed colloidal quantum dots (QDs) synthesized by low-cost solution methods have many attractive properties, including high wavelength tunability, efficient luminescence, narrow emission bandwidth, and strong broadband absorption. They therefore offer a new class of materials for efficient optoelectronic conversions in various devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, and thin-film solar cells. Despite the recent rapid progress, the development of QD-based devices is still in its infancy. For instance, both the external quantum efficiency of QD-LEDs and power conversion efficiency of QD solar cells reported in the literature are only a few percent, far below those of state-of-the- art inorganic and …


Optimal Portfolio And Consumption With Transaction Costs, Zheng Zhang Aug 2012

Optimal Portfolio And Consumption With Transaction Costs, Zheng Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In Chapter 1, we study optimal portfolio and consumption with both fixed and proportional transaction costs. For a power utility function we find an explicit solution to the HJB equation governing the no-transaction region. Based on the explicit solution, we formulate a combined stochastic and impulse control problem as a quasi-variational inequality and find the transaction regions, the no-transaction region, and the boundary curves separating them. We show that the explicit solution we find satisfies the verification theorem and it is also a viscosity solution for the quasi-variational inequality. We present numerical results where we compare the various cases of …


Receiver Operating Characteristics Of The Cap Lie Scale And Correlates Of Impression Management In Parenting Capacity Evaluations, Ryan J. Anderson Aug 2012

Receiver Operating Characteristics Of The Cap Lie Scale And Correlates Of Impression Management In Parenting Capacity Evaluations, Ryan J. Anderson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Child Abuse Potential L scale with a heterogeneous sample of caregivers referred for parenting capacity evaluations. One aim of the study was to assess the measurement properties of the L scale. A second aim was to evaluate the discriminative validity of the L scale by way of its receiver operating characteristics. A third aim of the study was to examine potential correlates of desirable responding on the L scale. The findings from this study provide new information about the psychometric properties of the CAP L …


Using The Concrete-Representational-Abstract Sequence To Connect Manipulatives, Problem Solving Schemas, And Equations In Word Problems With Fractions, Julie L. Reneau Aug 2012

Using The Concrete-Representational-Abstract Sequence To Connect Manipulatives, Problem Solving Schemas, And Equations In Word Problems With Fractions, Julie L. Reneau

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Students with learning disabilities or learning difficulties in mathematics often have difficulties solving word problems with fractions. These difficulties limit students' abilities to solve everyday math problems and develop the skills necessary for higher level mathematics. Prior research on problem solving indicates that direct instruction on problem schemas can improve problem solving performance. Previous research also suggests that instruction using the concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) sequence and instruction with virtual manipulatives can enhance understanding of mathematical concepts. However, a CRA sequence that incorporates virtual manipulatives has not been combined with schema-based instruction to help students solve word problems with fractions. The purpose …


Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale Aug 2012

Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined an observational method for identifying specific behaviors to indicate social anxiety and social withdrawal in preschool children. During an interaction task with a novel adult, 28 children (ages 4 and 5) were observed for specific verbal and non-verbal behaviors (i.e., total utterances, commands, questions, unsolicited conversation, direct responses, eye gaze aversion, non-verbal response, physical distancing, freezing, smiling ) and global behaviors (i.e., shyness, volume or speech, and postural rigidity), theoretically relevant to early childhood social anxiety. Behaviors observed during the interaction task were examined in relation to the parent-reported Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale's social anxiety subscale (Spence, …


Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault Aug 2012

Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are disorders characterized by repetitive and stereotyped behavior. Research shows that these behaviors interfere with typical development and with the acquisition of new skills, including vocal communication. For many children with ASD who are unable to imitate others and who have limited vocal repertoires, few vocal training interventions are available. Research on operant variability, however, indicates that the direct reinforcement of varied sounds may create a larger set of vocal responses. This enlarged response class could then be used to shape functional vocal communication. In the first of three studies, the existing vocal repertoires of 10 …


Preservice Teacher Development Of Perspectives Towards Inquiry Through Classroom Research, Jason Jude Smith Aug 2012

Preservice Teacher Development Of Perspectives Towards Inquiry Through Classroom Research, Jason Jude Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study, I sought to understand how the preservice teachers I worked with, in a five year teacher education program, developed the perspectives and practices necessary to engage in classroom research. I used the literature on classroom research and my own experiences to frame three research questions. I wondered how preservice teachers developed perspectives towards inquiry through preservice classroom research experiences. I also asked how these developing perspectives towards inquiry were manifested as preservice teachers engaged in classroom research. Finally, I asked what barriers and facilitators affected the development of students' developing perspectives towards inquiry. To answer these questions …


The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy Aug 2012

The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computers and the Internet play a substantial role in how adolescents communicate with one another. Social networking websites, in particular, are a popular medium used by adolescents in which users can develop and maintain a large number of relationships from a single profile page. Facebook represents one of the most widely used social networking websites; however, little is known about the types of factors that are associated with the way in which adolescents use it. The present study examined the association of social anxiety and parenting with adolescent Facebook use. One hundred and sixty-two adolescents between the ages of 16 …


A Mixed Methods Analysis Of A Single-Course Strategy To Integrate Technology Into Pete, James D. Wyant Aug 2012

A Mixed Methods Analysis Of A Single-Course Strategy To Integrate Technology Into Pete, James D. Wyant

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: In recent years increased attention has been placed on physical education teachers' use of instructional technology. To date little research has been disseminated regarding the specific strategies physical education teacher education (PETE) programs are employing to prepare pre-service teacher's to use technology. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a domain-specific instructional technology course on advancing change in stages of concern and stages of adoption among pre-service teachers. Methods: A mixed methods process involving qualitative (i.e., weekly journal entries and post-course semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (i.e., pre and post course survey) data collection was employed. …


Effect Of Rigor State, When Processed, On Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fillet Quality, Oluwatoyin E. Adebisi Aug 2012

Effect Of Rigor State, When Processed, On Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fillet Quality, Oluwatoyin E. Adebisi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of rigor development, at time of processing, on weight and length changes, proximate analysis, pH, K-value, color, and texture of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fillets. Texture of cooked fillets was characterized using two instrumental methods: Allo-kramer and Variable blade. Forty-five rainbow trout were harvested and immediately slaughtered using percussive stunning they were stored, following evisceration, at 4°C on ice. Fish were processed at 0, 24, and 48 h postharvest, and fillets were vacuumed packaged and stored for 2 days at 4°C. These storage treatments were applauded in the context of a …


Fast, Collaborative Acquisition Of Multi-View Face Images Using A Camera Network And Its Impact On Real-Time Human Identification, Rohith Bakkannagari Aug 2012

Fast, Collaborative Acquisition Of Multi-View Face Images Using A Camera Network And Its Impact On Real-Time Human Identification, Rohith Bakkannagari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biometric systems have been typically designed to operate under controlled environments based on previously acquired photographs and videos. But recent terror attacks, security threats and intrusion attempts have necessitated a transition to modern biometric systems that can identify humans in real-time under unconstrained environments. Distributed camera networks are appropriate for unconstrained scenarios because they can provide multiple views of a scene, thus offering tolerance against variable pose of a human subject and possible occlusions. In dynamic environments, the face images are continually arriving at the base station with different quality, pose and resolution. Designing a fusion strategy poses significant challenges. …


Development And Testing Of A High Resolution Pet Detector For Prostate Imaging, Evan P. Delfino Aug 2012

Development And Testing Of A High Resolution Pet Detector For Prostate Imaging, Evan P. Delfino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

According to the American Cancer Society one in six men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. Current methods for screening of prostate cancer including various PSA blood tests, as well as the digital rectal exam, are unreliability while current imaging modalities clinically employed (US, CT, MRI) are unable to localize intraprostatic cancer(s). Consequently, diagnosis via core needle biopsy is problematic and a game of chance at best. Therefore, in response to new radiopharmaceuticals applicable to both internal and external prostate cancer visualization and localization, novel prostate specific nuclear medical imagers are being developed.;The first prototype of a …


Reservoir Heterogeneity In A Carbon Sequestration Target: The Donovan Sand Member Of The Rodessa Formation, Citronelle Field, Alabama, Keith Coffindaffer Aug 2012

Reservoir Heterogeneity In A Carbon Sequestration Target: The Donovan Sand Member Of The Rodessa Formation, Citronelle Field, Alabama, Keith Coffindaffer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Citronelle field, located in Mobile County, Alabama, has been chosen as a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) pilot site, and supercritical CO2 has been injected for the combined purposes of long-term storage testing and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The target formation for injection is the Early Cretaceous Donovan Sand of the Rodessa Formation, and is characterized by discontinuous fine- to medium-grained, heterogeneous arkosic fluvial sandstones interbedded with fissile mudstones and micaceous silts. Based upon core analysis of the Donovan Sand, depofacies indicate a fluvio-deltaic/estuarine depositional environment for the Donovan Sand. Probable sources of the …