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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Plasmonic Nanostructures For Biosensor Applications, Akshitha Gadde Jan 2015

Plasmonic Nanostructures For Biosensor Applications, Akshitha Gadde

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Improving the sensitivity of existing biosensors is an active research topic that cuts across several disciplines, including engineering and biology. Optical biosensors are the one of the most diverse class of biosensors which can be broadly categorized into two types based on the detection scheme: label-based and label-free detection. In label-based detection, the target bio-molecules are labeled with dyes or tags that fluoresce upon excitation, indicating the presence of target molecules. Label-based detection is highly-sensitive, capable of single molecule detection depending on the detector type used. One method of improving the sensitivity of label-based fluorescence detection is by enhancement of …

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Control Design And Performance Analysis For Autonomous Formation Flight Experimentss, Caleb Michael Rice Jan 2015

Control Design And Performance Analysis For Autonomous Formation Flight Experimentss, Caleb Michael Rice

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autonomous Formation Flight is a key approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and managing traffic in future high density airspace. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's) have made it possible for the physical demonstration and validation of autonomous formation flight concepts inexpensively and eliminates the flight risk to human pilots. This thesis discusses the design, implementation, and flight testing of three different formation flight control methods, Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID); Fuzzy Logic (FL); and NonLinear Dynamic Inversion (NLDI), and their respective performance behavior. Experimental results show achievable autonomous formation flight and performance quality with a pair of low-cost unmanned research fixed …

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Impacts Of Forest Management And Habitat Change On Declining Avian Species In West Virginia, Christina Slover Jan 2015

Impacts Of Forest Management And Habitat Change On Declining Avian Species In West Virginia, Christina Slover

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Understanding the impacts of forest management and severe storms on avian communities can assist decision making for specific wildlife and timber management goals. This is important because even carefully managed forests will be influenced by a combination of anthropogenic activities and non-anthropogenic forces. I studied the effects of prescribed burning and severe storm events on vegetation structure and avian community diversity and structure in the Monongahela National Forest in central West Virginia. I observed dramatic responses from vegetation structure to prescribed burning but few changes in avian abundances. I measured further impacts, particularly understory vegetation structure, in our forest stands …

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School Climate, Early Adolescent Development, And Identity: Associations With Adjustment Outcomes, Megan Lorraine Smith Jan 2015

School Climate, Early Adolescent Development, And Identity: Associations With Adjustment Outcomes, Megan Lorraine Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Early adolescence is a time of risk and exploration for young people. In a period of development marked by increasing independence, young people are still learning the skills necessary for success in their adult lives. Positive development is impacted not only by individual characteristics, but also by the environments and social supports present. Adolescents spend a significant amount of time in schools, thus schools are an important context to study in regards to positive adolescent outcomes. Self Determination Theory (SDT, Deci & Ryan, 2000) posits that the degree to which an individual's basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness …

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Cultivating Intelligent Consumption: The United States Food Administration And Food Control During World War I, James H. Smith Jan 2015

Cultivating Intelligent Consumption: The United States Food Administration And Food Control During World War I, James H. Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines government food control in the United States during the First World War. More specifically, it looks at the food conservation program, and the associated propaganda, formulated by the United States Food Administration (USFA). The USFA was a wartime government agency headed by future president Herbert Hoover. I argue that the philosophy guiding the Food Administration's food control program was clearly influenced by a particular strain of progressivism that men like Hoover subscribed to. Using the input of experts in various fields such as nutrition, physiology, and advertising, the government was able to present a message to the …

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Synchronization Of Coupled And Periodically Forced Chemical Oscillators, Razan Snari Jan 2015

Synchronization Of Coupled And Periodically Forced Chemical Oscillators, Razan Snari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Physiological rhythms are essential in all living organisms. Such rhythms are regulated through the interactions of many cells. Deviation of a biological system from its normal rhythms can lead to physiological maladies. The tremor and symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease are thought to emerge from abnormal synchrony of neuronal activity within the neural network of the brain. Deep brain stimulation is a therapeutic technique that can remove this pathological synchronization by the application of a periodic desynchronizing signal. Herein, we used the photosensitive Belousov--Zhabotinsky (BZ) chemical reaction to test the mechanism of deep brain stimulation. A collection of oscillators are …

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Building An Understanding: What Motivates Teachers To Use Science In Motion, Karen M. Spuck Jan 2015

Building An Understanding: What Motivates Teachers To Use Science In Motion, Karen M. Spuck

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Science education reform documents call for instructional practices that include scientific equipment and materials. Often, these types of resources are inaccessible for schools, especially those which are rural and socio-economically challenged, due largely to budgetary considerations. Science outreach partnerships are able to bridge the gap between what is called for in science education reform documents and the realities of many schools. Science in Motion is a science outreach partnership project located in rural Northwestern Pennsylvania, supported by state funds, that provides equipment, curricular materials, and professional development free of charge for area science educators. Teacher participation in this project is …

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Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome In West Virginia: Trends, Risks, And Effectiveness Of In Utero Exposure Detection, Meagan E. Stabler Jan 2015

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome In West Virginia: Trends, Risks, And Effectiveness Of In Utero Exposure Detection, Meagan E. Stabler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examined neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in West Virginia (WV). Specifically, three studies were conducted that investigated state and regional trends, risks related to NAS, and effectiveness of in utero exposure detection. The first study described regional incidence rates, trends of antenatal drug class-specific exposures, and NAS diagnoses in WV between 2007 and 2013. The findings indicated a 4-fold increase in WV statewide incidence rates of NAS during this time period, which was three times the national annual average. The second study identified the risk of NAS, risk of NAS requiring pharmacologic treatment, and odds of NAS controlling for …

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Enhancement Of Rna Splicing By The Nutrient-Regulated Splicing Factor Srsf3, Amanda L. Suchanek Jan 2015

Enhancement Of Rna Splicing By The Nutrient-Regulated Splicing Factor Srsf3, Amanda L. Suchanek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nutritional status is a powerful regulator of intracellular function. Dietary status can increase or decrease the rate of RNA splicing, thereby affecting gene expression; however, few molecular mechanisms have been identified that are responsible for this type of regulation.;The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene has provided a useful tool for the study of nutrient-regulated splicing because accumulation of G6PD mRNA is dependent solely on changes in the rate of mRNA splicing in response to nutritional stimuli, consistent with its enzymatic role of converting dietary energy to fatty acids. Treatment of primary hepatocytes in culture with insulin or feeding a high-carbohydrate, low …

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The Effect Of Tert-Butylhydroquinone, An Nrf2-Are Signaling Pathway Inducer, On Oxidative Stress-Related Neurodegeneration, Jiahong Sun Jan 2015

The Effect Of Tert-Butylhydroquinone, An Nrf2-Are Signaling Pathway Inducer, On Oxidative Stress-Related Neurodegeneration, Jiahong Sun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Oxidative stress is actively involved in stroke pathogenesis; however, almost all the antioxidants that have been applied into the clinical trials fail to improve ischemic stroke outcomes. We note that most drug candidates have very limited diversity of antioxidative activities. tBHQ is a food additive, which is considered to be safe for human consumption. As both an antioxidant and an Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway inducer, tBHQ can directly eliminate ROS and activates the expression of all the antioxidative genes under Nrf2-ARE regulation. My dissertation investigated the potential clinical application of tBHQ for ischemic stroke treatment by using both in vitro glutamate-induced …

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The Influence Of Memory Enhancement Techniques On Children's Testimony, Ria M. Travers Jan 2015

The Influence Of Memory Enhancement Techniques On Children's Testimony, Ria M. Travers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Eyewitness testimony is often key evidence in court cases, but it is often difficult to obtain accurate eyewitness memories (Loftus, Miller, & Burns, 1978). This is especially true when this testimony must be acquired from preschool children because young children have been found to be susceptible to suggestive interviewing techniques (Krackow & Lynn, 2003). Several aspects of children's cognitive capabilities have been found to influence their suggestibility, including their source monitoring abilities, or their abilities to trace the source of memories (Ceci & Bruck, 1993). Therefore, source monitoring ability provides a possible point of intervention to decrease children's suggestibility. Source …

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Microbiology In Shale: Alternatives For Enhanced Gas Recovery, Yael Tarlovsky Tucker Jan 2015

Microbiology In Shale: Alternatives For Enhanced Gas Recovery, Yael Tarlovsky Tucker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The gas-productive part of the Marcellus Shale occurs in the Appalachian basin at depths of 1.5 to 2.5 km (5,000 to 8,000 ft.), where most geologists generally assume that thermogenic processes occurring over geologic time periods are the only source of natural gas. This is because these sediments are believed to be sterile due to conditions these sediments have endured in the past, which are beyond those that most organisms are currently known to withstand. Recently, Marcellus shale drilling processes have allowed for the study of the microbiology of these sediments by analysis of microorganisms carried in "produced" waters that …

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Improved Periodicity Mining In Time Series Databases, Nithin Uppalapati Jan 2015

Improved Periodicity Mining In Time Series Databases, Nithin Uppalapati

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Time series data represents information about real world phenomena and periodicity mining explores the interesting periodic behavior that is inherent in the data. Periodicity mining has numerous applications such as in weather forecasting, stock market prediction and analysis, pattern recognition, etc. Recently, the suffix tree, a powerful data structure that efficiently solves many strings related problems has been used to gather information about repeated substrings in the text and then perform periodicity mining. However, periodicity mining deals with large amounts of data which makes it difficult to perform mining in main memory due to the space constraints of the suffix …

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1, 2, 3-Triazole As The Directing Group For Metal-Catalyzed C-H Activation, Xiaohan Ye Jan 2015

1, 2, 3-Triazole As The Directing Group For Metal-Catalyzed C-H Activation, Xiaohan Ye

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

1,2,3-Triazoles as versatile directing group for selective sp 2 and sp3 C--H activation: cyclization vs substitution .;A selective cyclization and substitution was achieved with designated 1,2,3-triazole acid auxiliary groups as directing groups under Pd catalyzed C--H activation conditions. Both sp2 and sp3 C--H bonds were effectively activated, giving the desired products in good yields. This result revealed the first successful example of exclusive substitution using 1,2,3-triazole ligands, while other triazole-containing directing groups dominantly gave cyclization under identical conditions.;Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C--H Olefination with Removable 1,2,3-Triazole Directing Group.;Ortho-olefination of arenes was achieved with removable 1,2,3-triazole auxiliary through Pd-catalyzed C--H activation. Excellent …

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Decellularized Matrix And Cartilage Regeneration: A Focus On Developing A Matrix With Anti-Inflammation And Micromechanical Properties, Ying Zhang Jan 2015

Decellularized Matrix And Cartilage Regeneration: A Focus On Developing A Matrix With Anti-Inflammation And Micromechanical Properties, Ying Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is predicted to be the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide by the year 2020. Stem cell-based therapy is a promising biological approach for the treatment of cartilage defects. However, adult stem cells tend to become replicatively senescent when they are expanded on conventional plastic flasks. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) provides an expansion system to rejuvenate and maintain the chondrogenic phenotype of stem cells for cartilage repair. In addition, joints with cartilage defects normally have inflammation to some extent; several stimuli, such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Interleukin-1 (IL-1), reportedly induce apoptosis of chondrocytes. The tolerance of …

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Cellulose Based Materials As A Template For The Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles For Antimicrobial Applications, Tuhua Zhong Jan 2015

Cellulose Based Materials As A Template For The Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles For Antimicrobial Applications, Tuhua Zhong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Copper has been used as a broad-spectrum biocide for centuries, showing effective antimicrobial performance against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Among various forms of copper, copper nanoparticles is attracting particular attention because of its high surface area and crystal morphology that will enhance copper antimicrobial properties. However, the high tendency of copper particles to aggregate at a nanoscale remains as a drawback for the development of copper-based nanostructured products. In this research, cellulose-based materials were utilized as a template and stabilizer for copper nanoparticles, and the resulting hybrid material was used as bi-functional material in thermoplastic resins improving the final antimicrobial …

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Emotion Regulation In Families Of Children With Behavior Problems Versus Nonclinical Comparisons, Lauren Borduin Quetsch Jan 2015

Emotion Regulation In Families Of Children With Behavior Problems Versus Nonclinical Comparisons, Lauren Borduin Quetsch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The following study explored the relationship between emotion regulation in children with and without externalizing behavior problems and their caregivers. The study examined emotion regulation in both clinical and comparison samples. The main research question for the study was determining if there was a link between parent and child emotion regulation in both clinical and comparison samples. Sixty families were collected from two rural populations in the United States. Families referred for parent training with children ages 2 through 8 were recruited for a clinical sample (n = 34) along with a nonclinical comparison group (n = 26). A blocking …

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Promoting Parents' And Children's Well-Being Through Parent-Child Gratitude Interventions, Meagan A. Ramsey Jan 2015

Promoting Parents' And Children's Well-Being Through Parent-Child Gratitude Interventions, Meagan A. Ramsey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gratitude is a positive emotion that leads to enhanced relationship resources and emotional well-being for children and adults alike. Given the many benefits of gratitude, researchers have examined several types of gratitude interventions. However, it is unclear how the effectiveness of different gratitude interventions compare for youth or how these interventions operate in the family setting. Therefore, this study examined how parents could cultivate their children's (ages 8-13) gratitude and how two gratitude interventions---counting blessings and relational gratitude---enhanced parents' and children's daily gratitude, relationship satisfaction, and emotional well-being over the course of a week-long intervention and if effects were maintained …

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Fundamental Study Of Nano-Scale Adhesion And Friction Properties Of Graphene In Ambient Air And Liquid Environments, Sai Suvineeth Ramayanam Jan 2015

Fundamental Study Of Nano-Scale Adhesion And Friction Properties Of Graphene In Ambient Air And Liquid Environments, Sai Suvineeth Ramayanam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The aim of this study is to understand the fundamental tribological interactions of model contacts developed between a 'single' asperity silicon tip and a few layer graphene surface in ambient air, ionic liquid, and lubricating oil environments. The motivation to investigate such fundamental interactions stems from the need to gain an understanding of the tribological properties, morphology and defects of few layer graphene with respect to different synthesis methods including both bottom-up and top-down approaches. In particular, the surface properties of atomically thin sheets of graphene synthesized by three methods; (i) liquid phase exfoliation of graphene, (ii) chemical reduction of …

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Using Enhanced Sampling Molecular Dynamics To Probe The Binding Process Of The Membrane Insertion Peptide Phlip, Yue Ren Jan 2015

Using Enhanced Sampling Molecular Dynamics To Probe The Binding Process Of The Membrane Insertion Peptide Phlip, Yue Ren

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Peptides with the ability to bind and insert into the cell membrane are an ever-growing field of research due to their potential biomedical applications. pH (Low) Insertion Peptide (pHLIP), which is a water-soluble polypeptide derived from helix C of bacteriorhodopsin, has the ability to insert into a membrane at acidic pH to form a stable transmembrane alpha-helix. The insertion process takes place in three stages: pHLIP is unstructured and soluble in water at neutral pH (state I), unstructured and bound to the surface of a membrane at neutral pH (state II), and inserted into the membrane as an alpha-helix at …

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Kinematic Basis For Body Specific Locomotor Mechanics And Perturbation Responses, Ryan B. Ross Jan 2015

Kinematic Basis For Body Specific Locomotor Mechanics And Perturbation Responses, Ryan B. Ross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Animals have evolved mechanical and neural strategies for locomotion in almost every environment, overcoming the complexities of their habitats using specializations in body structure and animal behavior. These specializations are created by neural networks responsible for generating and altering muscle activation. Species specific musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology determine how locomotion is controlled through the transformation of motor patterns into body movements. Furthermore, when these species specific locomotor systems encounter perturbations during running and walking their behavioral and mechanical attributes determine how stability is established during and after the perturbation. It is still not understood how species specific structural and behavioral …

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Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty Jan 2015

Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Through careful analysis of a material's properties, devices are continually getting smaller, faster and more efficient each day. Without a complete scientific understanding of material properties, devices cannot continue to improve. This dissertation uses optical spectroscopy techniques to understand light-matter interactions in several oxide materials with promising uses mainly in light harvesting applications. Linear absorption, photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy are primarily used on europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles, copper gallium oxide delafossites doped with iron, and cadmium selenide quantum dots attached to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.;Europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles have promising applications for linking to biomolecules. Using Fourier-transform infrared …

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Kruppel-Like Factor 4 (Klf4) Regulates Protumorigenic Signaling In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (Tnbc) Cells, Sriganesh B. Sharma Jan 2015

Kruppel-Like Factor 4 (Klf4) Regulates Protumorigenic Signaling In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (Tnbc) Cells, Sriganesh B. Sharma

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The zinc-finger pluripotency factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) exerts context dependent roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and the pathobiology of many malignancies, including breast cancer. Despite the multitude of studies focused on the role of KLF4 across these contexts, the signaling programs that are regulated by this factor in breast cancer cells remain unclear. In this dissertation we deliniate three KLF4-dependent protumorigenic signaling axes that endow triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells with enhanced capacity to resist cell stress.;In the first study (Chapter 2), we found that KLF4 promotes the expression of two microRNAs (miRs), miR-206 and miR-21 (miR-206/21), …

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Regulation And Function Of The Cancer Stem Cell Transcription Factors Gli1 And Kruppel-Like Factor 4, Daniel B. Vanderbilt Jan 2015

Regulation And Function Of The Cancer Stem Cell Transcription Factors Gli1 And Kruppel-Like Factor 4, Daniel B. Vanderbilt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Transcription factors are crucial to the normal and pathologic biology of cells. Aberrant genetic regulation underlies all facets of cancer, including metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and other clinically relevant manifestations. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and GLI1, transcription factors that interact with DNA through conserved zinc finger domains, are implicated in human malignancy. The stability of GLI1 protein is a central determinant of Hedgehog pathway signaling output, and is regulated through interaction with the F-box protein beta-TrCP. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, GLI1 may be activated by oncogenic mechanisms. While KLF4 is not specific to any discrete signal pathway, KLF4 is well-characterized in …

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Interactions Of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Colletotrichum Acutatum And Trap Crops In Organic Tomato Production, Robert James Voshell Jan 2015

Interactions Of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Colletotrichum Acutatum And Trap Crops In Organic Tomato Production, Robert James Voshell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Colletotrichum spp. (Ascomycota) cause anthracnose of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum). Halyomorpha halys, the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive insect that injures tomato fruits with a piercing/sucking mouthpart.;To determine if H. halys feeding increases incidence of anthracnose on tomato fruit, five experiments were conducted. A 21-day transmission study was performed using detached fruits inside plastic containers in an incubator at 22°C. Tomato fruits receiving stink bugs with Colletotrichum inoculum had significantly higher anthracnose incidence than fruit receiving Colletotrichum inoculum only. A treatment using infested stink bugs (H. halys was placed in a petri dish of sporulating C. …

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Utilizing Early Cellular Changes To Explore Biological Responses To Individual Chemical And Mixture Exposures, Julie Anne Vrana Jan 2015

Utilizing Early Cellular Changes To Explore Biological Responses To Individual Chemical And Mixture Exposures, Julie Anne Vrana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Humans are continuously exposed to a vast number of chemicals, whether it be from the air we breathe, the water we drink, or the medications we take daily. Early cellular changes after exposure to chemical insult, both individual chemicals and mixtures (two or more chemicals) thereof, can offer a wealth of information about cellular adaptation (e.g., cell death or survival decision processes). From this understanding, better prediction models for chemical risk assessment, such as toxicity or carcinogenicity, can be elucidated. Further, these prediction models can greatly improve the large backlog of chemicals waiting to be evaluated for potential adverse effects. …

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Variations In Selenium Concentrations By Photochemical And Temperature-Controlled Iron Cycles, Kendi L. Waltemyer Jan 2015

Variations In Selenium Concentrations By Photochemical And Temperature-Controlled Iron Cycles, Kendi L. Waltemyer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Selenium (Se) concentrations in natural waters may vary over a 24-hour (diel) period in response to temperature changes. Diel cycles of Se have not been reported in coal mine drainage (CMD) waters, and understanding the mechanisms of Se concentration variations in CMD is important for predicting Se fate and mobility. Iron (Fe) is often associated with CMD, and diel cycles of dissolved Fe species concentrations and/or the formation of Fe oxyhydroxide minerals may impact Se mobility. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory setting between July 2014 and April 2015 to determine if selenite (SeIV) concentration changes could be detected in …

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Commercial Real Estate Investment And Economic Development In The Northeast Region Of The United States, Tizita Wasihun Jan 2015

Commercial Real Estate Investment And Economic Development In The Northeast Region Of The United States, Tizita Wasihun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The U.S. commercial real estate (CRE, henceforth) market was pummeled during the great recession. As the economy sees gradual improvements, investment continues to forge ahead from its worst slump, with fresh opportunities as construction rebounds. The debate on the relationship between real estate investment and economic growth has a long history in the economic development literature. Frequently asked questions are, should real estate investment be part of economic development strategies? Does real estate investment have more economic benefits than other investments? Should real estate investment wait until economic growth is achieved? Does real estate investment spur economic growth or, vice …

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Bolted Connection Strength In Pultruded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Structural Shapes, Kayla Danielle Weimert Jan 2015

Bolted Connection Strength In Pultruded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Structural Shapes, Kayla Danielle Weimert

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With the drive for high strength, lightweight component design, the desire for composite materials for structural applications has been increasing in recent years. High strength-to-weight ratio, high stiffness, high fatigue and impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and ease of fabrication are just a few of the advantageous properties of pultruded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The various structural applications of pultruded materials typically require the joining of composites either to composites or to metals. Despite introducing high stress concentrations in the composite material, bolted joints are the most practical connection for civil engineering applications. Bolted connections in glass FRP composites have …

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Investigating College Evolution Instruction: Current Practices And How They Can Be Improved To Overcome Student Barriers To Acceptance, Nicholas Adam Wilbur Jan 2015

Investigating College Evolution Instruction: Current Practices And How They Can Be Improved To Overcome Student Barriers To Acceptance, Nicholas Adam Wilbur

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The United States is ranked very low in acceptance of evolution when compared to other countries of similar socioeconomic status. The resistance to evolution extends to high school students and teachers, where much research has been performed on the topic of evolution education and the context is well understood. The initial goal of my thesis research was to establish a context for evolution education at the post-secondary level, which was accomplished by performing a national survey of evolution instructors. Although there was great variation among high school teachers, college instructors were surprisingly consistent in their training, methodology and personal views. …

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