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A Pilot Mixed Methods Study Examining Factors Affecting Return To Work Among African American Stroke Survivors, Kristin D. Ashley Jan 2022

A Pilot Mixed Methods Study Examining Factors Affecting Return To Work Among African American Stroke Survivors, Kristin D. Ashley

All ETDs from UAB

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a highly prevalent and disabling condition among African Americans. Although there is limited research regarding barriers and facilitators to return to work among stroke survivors, evidence suggests that African American stroke survivors return to work (RTW) less frequently than Caucasians. Most of the research on this topic has been conducted in European countries, leaving significant knowledge gaps on RTW among African Americans in the United States. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect RTW for African American stroke survivors and then build upon those results to better understand facilitators and barriers to RTW. …

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The Relationship Between State Level Funding, Designated Trauma Centers, And Trauma Related Morbidity, Ginger Henry Jan 2022

The Relationship Between State Level Funding, Designated Trauma Centers, And Trauma Related Morbidity, Ginger Henry

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This study examined the relationship of funding and the number of designated trauma centers and age-adjusted trauma mortality across the 50 states. State level funding was defined as monies that were paid to the designated trauma hospitals in aggregate by state and by year for the years 2008 to 2017. The number of designated trauma hospitals were considered in the categories of total number of state trauma hospitals and designation levels 1 through 4. Age-adjusted mortality included the ICD-10 codes for trauma from the WISQARS database. The strategic adaptation theory was used to inform the trauma hospital manager’s need to …

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Mice With Ghrh Deficiency Are Resistant To The Detrimental Health Effects Of High Fat Diet, Joseph Jablonsky Jan 2022

Mice With Ghrh Deficiency Are Resistant To The Detrimental Health Effects Of High Fat Diet, Joseph Jablonsky

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According to our previous study, mice with a CRISPR/Cas9 mediated deletion of the GHRH gene have decreased bodyweight, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), energy expenditure compared to wild type animals, and increased insulin sensitivity and enhanced longevity. Calorie restriction enhances lifespan and delays multiple aging related phenotypes; however it is not known how these animals respond to nutritional stressors such as high fat diet (HFD) during the aging process. We subjected 18 month old GHRH-/- male and female mice to a high fat diet to determine differences in response to HFD in aged animals. After HFD exposure, GHRH-/- mice have increased …

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Spike-And-Slab Additive Models And Scalable Algorithms For High Dimensional Data Analysis, Boyi Guo Jan 2022

Spike-And-Slab Additive Models And Scalable Algorithms For High Dimensional Data Analysis, Boyi Guo

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There are proposals that extend classical additive models (AMs) to accommodate high-dimensional data (p >> n) using group sparse regularization. However, the sparse regularization may induce excess shrinkage when estimating smooth functions, damaging predictive performance. Moreover, most of these AMs consider an “all-in-allout” approach for functional selection, rendering them difficult to answer if nonlinear effects are necessary. While some Bayesian models can address these shortcomings, model fitting can create a new challenge, scalability. In this dissertation, we propose Bayesian hierarchical additive models to address the previous shortcomings: we consider the smoothing penalty for proper shrinkage of curve interpolation via reparameterization. A …

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Three Essays On Federally Qualified Health Centers: Competition, Patient-Centered Medical Home Adoption, Quality Quartiles Ranking And Financial Performance, Hani Al-Maliki Jan 2022

Three Essays On Federally Qualified Health Centers: Competition, Patient-Centered Medical Home Adoption, Quality Quartiles Ranking And Financial Performance, Hani Al-Maliki

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he following three essays examine the Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) industry. The first essay attempts to provide a description on what constitutes a competitive environment for FQHCs located in California, the second explores the impact of FQHC market competition on Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) adoption, and the third essay aims to test the relationship between the adoption of PCMH and FQHCs’ performance. The first essay utilizes Porter's Five Forces model to identify competitive forces in the FQHCs environment to fill a gap in the literature. Building on the first essay, the second essay using Porter’s generic strategies explores …

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A Population-Based Assessment Of Severe Maternal Morbidity Among Non-Hispanic Black Women In The United States, Lisa R. Allen Jan 2022

A Population-Based Assessment Of Severe Maternal Morbidity Among Non-Hispanic Black Women In The United States, Lisa R. Allen

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Non-Hispanic Black women (Black women) are disproportionately affected by adverse maternal health outcomes as compared to women of other races. Little is known about the distribution of adverse maternal health outcomes among Black women. Using the 2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), a nationally representative sample of hospital discharges in the United States (U.S.) from January 1 through December 31, 2014, we examined severe maternal morbidity (SMM) experienced during delivery hospitalization among Black women. We conducted population-based, cross-sectional studies to examine the distribution of SMM prevalence; assess within-race …

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A Framework For Enterprise Systems Based On Process Improvement, Abdulrahman Alharthi Jan 2022

A Framework For Enterprise Systems Based On Process Improvement, Abdulrahman Alharthi

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We introduce a framework for enterprise systems based on process-centered analysis. Because technology has drastically altered many aspects of our lives, such as work, leisure, travel, government, and company interactions worldwide, companies must strategically consider the Internet of Things in order to thrive in the new economy. Tanik and Jololian offered early work in this area, and included an analysis of the T-Strategy introduced by R.T. Yeh et al. in their book “Zero-time.” Our approach builds on this decade-old work, and involves the introduction of information flow analysis to process improvement [1]. We have identified two key points: centralization and …

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A Framework For Designing Blockchain Systems In A Smart City Setting, Mohammad Alhefdi Jan 2022

A Framework For Designing Blockchain Systems In A Smart City Setting, Mohammad Alhefdi

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As main characteristics of successful smart cities, the high demand for increased data security and accessibility and citizen engagement mean the role of blockchain technology has begun to increase. Nonetheless, blockchain technology also faces several challenges, which have slowed its adoption. In response, this dissertation introduces a framework for designing blockchain systems in a smart city setting and considers the smart city and blockchain challenges. Researchers have proposed several smart city models that study and analyze the complexity of smart cities to improve city security, functionality, services, and smartness. The proposed information-theoretical modeling approach to generate an innovated blockchain model …

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Teaching Economic Values: A Mixed Methods Study Of Kindergarten Curricula, Values, Practices, And Teachers' Perspectives In Saudi Arabia, Hanaa Abualsoud Jan 2022

Teaching Economic Values: A Mixed Methods Study Of Kindergarten Curricula, Values, Practices, And Teachers' Perspectives In Saudi Arabia, Hanaa Abualsoud

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The primary purpose of this study was to investigate Saudi teachers' practices in developing economic values for kindergarten children, in Eastern region (Qatif city). The researcher also looked at teachers' awareness of Saudi Vision 2030 educational goals. The research was conducted using a convergent mixed methods design. In the quantitative strand, data was collected from 263 teachers using questionnaires. Data was collected from seven knowledgeable teachers using semi-structured interviews in the qualitative strand. The qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed independently through content analysis for the qualitative data and a Google Forms for quantitative data. Results from both strands were …

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Teacher Perception, Experience, And Attitudes On Student Achievement In A Title I High School In Central Alabama, Marvin Augusta Carter Jan 2022

Teacher Perception, Experience, And Attitudes On Student Achievement In A Title I High School In Central Alabama, Marvin Augusta Carter

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The purpose of this study was to share the lived experiences of teachers regarding how they supported student achievement in a Title I high school. After almost 60 years of Title I initiatives, the achievement gap between students in poverty and other more affluent students has not changed in any statistically significant manner (Jimenez-Castellanos, 2010). Due to the lack of academic growth for students in Title I schools as compared to students in non-Title I schools, parents, policymakers, and other stakeholders have increased pressure on educators and educational researchers to identify student achievement barriers and implement the use of effective …

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The Relationship Between Nurse And Therapy Staffing Levels And The Medicare Patient-Driven Payment Model Reimbursement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Roland T. Shapley Jan 2022

The Relationship Between Nurse And Therapy Staffing Levels And The Medicare Patient-Driven Payment Model Reimbursement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Roland T. Shapley

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The Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM) brought about a paradigm shift in the way skilled nursing facilities are reimbursed, by linking complexity of care to beneficiary need, expanding case-mix adjusted components by including a non-therapy ancillary and speech language pathology component, and limiting the volume of therapy services provided. The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc upon the nursing home industry that gave rise to high patient and staff infections and fatalities, declining occupancy rates, and nursing shortages, compelling the Department of Health and Human Services to provide $4.9 billion in CARES Funding to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Using Payroll Based Journal, …

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Shared Savings Bonus In Mssp And Its Association With Length Of Participation, Terry D. Knight Jan 2022

Shared Savings Bonus In Mssp And Its Association With Length Of Participation, Terry D. Knight

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Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are integrated groups of providers responsible for reducing cost and improving quality for a group of individuals. Medicare began using these organizations in 2012, after the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), to move away from traditional fee-for-service reimbursement. This alternative payment model is the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP). MSSP affords ACOs the opportunity to receive a portion of the savings they achieve if specific cost targets and quality benchmarks are met. Length of participation time in the alternative payment model may increase the ACOs’ ability to achieve savings. The analysis of MSSP savings …

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Applying The Hospitalist Model Of Care To Cardiovascular Acute Care Delivery, Ginger K. Biesbrock Jan 2022

Applying The Hospitalist Model Of Care To Cardiovascular Acute Care Delivery, Ginger K. Biesbrock

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The hospitalist model for managing patients in the hospital setting has been in existence for over 20 years. The hospitalist model for non-specialty care has been found to improve the efficiency of care, maintain quality of care, and support a higher degree of guideline adherence. However, there has been little research focusing on the use of the hospitalist model for specialty care. As cardiovascular programs have begun to adopt the hospitalist model, many are asking if this model is more effective than the traditional model. The main concern is the potential disruption to the patient-physician relationship that occurs with the …

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The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On College Students With Disabilities Or Pre-Existing Conditions: A Qualitative Dissertation, Caro Celestine Holmes Wolfner Jan 2022

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On College Students With Disabilities Or Pre-Existing Conditions: A Qualitative Dissertation, Caro Celestine Holmes Wolfner

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The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a global and multifaceted impact on public health. The onset of the pandemic has resulted in widespread campus closures and transitions from in-person classes to online learning, further exacerbating the mental health crisis brought about by the pandemic. The effects of federal and state regulations have influenced the psychological well-being and mental health of many, more notably for college students with disabilities or pre-existing conditions. However, COVID-19 research on college students with disabilities or pre-existing conditions is limited and mostly international, thus it is of great importance to address these limitations. This phenomenological study …

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Analysing The Structural Dynamics Of Retinoid X Receptor Using Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry, Nathalia Melo Jan 2022

Analysing The Structural Dynamics Of Retinoid X Receptor Using Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry, Nathalia Melo

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Nuclear receptors (NR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that are targets for drug discovery due to their ability to directly modulate gene expression. There are 48 NRs and approximately half of them require heterodimerization with retinoid X receptor (RXR) to function. Targretin (bexarotene) is an FDA-approved RXR specific (rexinoid) currently used to treat Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL); however, it causes hyperlipidemia toxicities. A functionally similar rexinoid developed at UAB, 9-cis-UAB30 (UAB30), is non-toxic and weak agonist in the liver. While UAB30 shows promise as a low toxicity chemopreventative drug, the mechanism of UAB30 action at the molecular level is poorly understood. …

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Elucidating The Role Of Stat4 In Cd4 T Cell Mediated Pathogenicity, Ashlyn E. Anderson Jan 2022

Elucidating The Role Of Stat4 In Cd4 T Cell Mediated Pathogenicity, Ashlyn E. Anderson

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While the exact cause of many autoimmune diseases is currently unknown, many genetic factors are associated with increased disease susceptibility such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in the STAT4 gene locus. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 4 (STAT4) is critical for the development and function of Th1 cells; however, many Th1 associated molecules are dispensable for CD4 mediated inflammation such as IFNγ, T-bet, and IL-12Rβ2, suggesting that STAT4 may function outside of the Th1 cell lineage. Importantly, Stat4 has recently been correlated with an inflammatory Th17 cell phenotype. Using a murine model of neuroinflammation, we illustrate that Th17 intrinsic STAT4 …

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Behavioral, Environmental, Social, Psychosocial, And Physiological Factors That Impact The Relationship Between Chronic Lung Disease Status And Susceptibility To Electronic Cigarette Use Or Actual Electronic Cigarette Use, Mohammed M. Alqahtani Jan 2022

Behavioral, Environmental, Social, Psychosocial, And Physiological Factors That Impact The Relationship Between Chronic Lung Disease Status And Susceptibility To Electronic Cigarette Use Or Actual Electronic Cigarette Use, Mohammed M. Alqahtani

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There is surge increase in e-cigarettes among adult vulnerable population such as individuals with chronic lung disease (CLD). Currently, there is a lack of understanding of the factors that may lead to the increase use of e-cigarettes or susceptibility of ecigarette use among individuals who have a history of CLD. Thus, it is crucial to recognize the characteristics of the individuals with CLD and adults without CLD who are susceptible to using e-cigarettes because this may pave the way for the prevention and reduction of tobacco use by identifying the different factors and eventually targeting the related risk factors. In …

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Factors Influencing Balance And Muscle Tone In Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Mansour M. Alotaibi Jan 2022

Factors Influencing Balance And Muscle Tone In Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Mansour M. Alotaibi

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition prevalent in children globally and continues to persist into adulthood. Executive function (EF) impairments are core ADHD deficits, specifically response inhibition, and believed to drive ADHD symptoms. Psychostimulant medications (PS) is the first line treatment to manage ADHD symptoms. Overall, individuals with ADHD are at greater risk of falls and physical injuries compared to healthy individuals. Perhaps adults with ADHD balance impairments are secondary to ankle plantarflexor (PF) spasticity. Using psychostimulant medications (PS) improves PF spasticity and postural control in children with ADHD, but the effects on adults with ADHD are unclear. Furthermore, …

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Role Of Dietary Compounds On Modulation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms And Gut Microbiota In Prevention Of Breast Cancer, Manvi Sharma Jan 2022

Role Of Dietary Compounds On Modulation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms And Gut Microbiota In Prevention Of Breast Cancer, Manvi Sharma

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Breast cancer is the second leading causes of mortality among women living in the United States, representing a major public health issue. The current chemoprevention therapies can result into various adverse effects. Therefore, the use of dietary bioactive compounds has been of great interest due to their safer, non-toxic and efficacious properties. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate found in various cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli sprouts (BSp) and green-tea polyphenols (GTPs) contain a major polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). These compounds have been shown to exhibit several anticancer properties especially as an epigenetic modifier. We investigated the efficacy of BSp or GTPs …

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Bacterial Community Structures And Species Delimitation Of Five-Armed Luidia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Michelle D. Shilling Jan 2022

Bacterial Community Structures And Species Delimitation Of Five-Armed Luidia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Michelle D. Shilling

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Luidia spp. (Family Luidiidae) are important predators in the benthic food web and are abundant in near-shore, shallow soft-bottom habitats throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico. Climate change-related environmental changes, such as ocean warming and acidification, are rapidly intensifying in this region and can have consequences for species diversity as well as individual sea star health through modification of host-associated bacterial communities. Our knowledge of sea star-associated bacterial community structure and dynamics is limited and conflicting genetic evidence has called into question the accuracy of species delimitation of five-armed Luidia in the northern GOM. The primary purpose of this dissertation …

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Molecular Mechanism And Impact Of Sox2 Regulation By The Transforming Growth Factor-Ss Members In Ovarian Cancer Survival And Metastasis, Zainab Shonibare Jan 2022

Molecular Mechanism And Impact Of Sox2 Regulation By The Transforming Growth Factor-Ss Members In Ovarian Cancer Survival And Metastasis, Zainab Shonibare

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Ovarian cancer is the second most common and deadliest cancer of the female reproductive system affecting women in the United States and worldwide. The poor survival outcome seen in ovarian cancer is attributed to the subtleness of its early-stage symptoms, resulting in a majority of patients at initial diagnosis presenting with an advanced-stage disease with metastasis to other parts of the body. Hence, there is an urgent need to better understand the molecular etiology of metastasis to help develop effective therapeutic options and improve clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer patients. Ovarian cancer, an intra-abdominal cancer, most preferably undergoes metastasis via …

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Filtration And Adsorption Performance Of Activated Carbon Fiber: Applications For Respiratory Protection, Margaret C. Summers Jan 2022

Filtration And Adsorption Performance Of Activated Carbon Fiber: Applications For Respiratory Protection, Margaret C. Summers

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Activated Carbon Fiber (ACF) is an adsorbent material that can be used to re-move volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air. Unlike granular adsorbents that are currently used in organic vapor respirators, ACF is a self-supporting fiber structure that can be tailored into non-woven forms and can potentially be used to support particu-late filtration. While ACF-containing respirators first appear in patent literature in the 1980s, the use of ACF in respiratory protection has not been widely considered in the PPE market in the intervening years. To develop the concept of an ACF-containing N95 that offers particulate filtration in addition to …

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Promoting The Safe Mobility Of Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Austin M. Svancara Jan 2022

Promoting The Safe Mobility Of Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Austin M. Svancara

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Having access to adequate transportation is important for employment, healthcare, and community involvement needs. Unfortunately, the transportation needs of many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are currently not being met. Despite having the capability to achieve licensure, a significant portion of high functioning individuals with ASD are delaying licensure or not getting their driver’s license at all. High functioning individuals with ASD are likely to have the capacity to operate a motor vehicle safely, supporting the proposition that there are existing barriers to licensure beyond the contributing role of ASD traits. This dissertation examined the perceived driving styles and …

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Alzheimer Disease Special Care Units And Nursing Homes' Organizational Performance, Giovanna Pilonieta Ortiz Jan 2022

Alzheimer Disease Special Care Units And Nursing Homes' Organizational Performance, Giovanna Pilonieta Ortiz

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Alzheimer’s disease special care units (AD SCUs) have been adopted to provide specialized care for people with dementia in nursing homes. However, the effects of environmental and organizational factors on AD SCUs adoption by nursing homes and their influence on nursing homes' organizational performance remains unclear. Guided by Resource Dependence Theory, Donabedian’s Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) framework and the Resource-Based View of Firms perspective, the purpose of the three papers included in this dissertation was to provide empirical evidence of the contextual and organizational factors that influence AD SCUs adoption among nursing homes and how the adoption of AD SCUs impact nursing …

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Defect Properties Determined By Photo-Induced Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Carbon-Doped Gallium Nitride Substrates, Subash Paudel Jan 2022

Defect Properties Determined By Photo-Induced Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Carbon-Doped Gallium Nitride Substrates, Subash Paudel

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GaN is being investigated as an active material in light-emitting diodes and high electron mobility transistors. Recently, it has attracted researchers’ attention for high-power applications due to its larger bandgap and electric breakdown field compared to other well‐known semiconductors such as Si, GaAs, and SiC. High-power applications in electronic devices often require semi-insulating layers or substrates for homoepitaxial growth. However, as-grown GaN is n-type due to the presence of unintentional donors. The acceptor impurities like carbon must be added to create semi-insulating material. Although it is established that incorporating carbon impurity makes semi-insulating GaN, the defect responsible and the process …

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Magnetic Ordering In The High-Pressure Phases Of Rare Earth Elements Holmium And Dysprosium Revealed By Neutron Diffraction, Christopher S. Perreault Jan 2022

Magnetic Ordering In The High-Pressure Phases Of Rare Earth Elements Holmium And Dysprosium Revealed By Neutron Diffraction, Christopher S. Perreault

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Neutron diffraction experiments on rare earth metals dysprosium (Dy) and holmium (Ho) have been performed to high pressure and low temperature using novel large-volume diamond anvil cells (DAC) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Neutron diffraction is necessary to determine the magnetic structure of these materials due to the intrinsic spin property of neutrons. High pressure neutron diffraction experiments have historically been limited in the pressure and temperature range achievable due to the use of Paris-Edinburgh (PE) press, however new advances in large volume diamond anvil cells allows a much broader range of pressures …

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The Influence Of Sleep Duration And Sleep Efficiency On Abdominal Adiposity And Blood Pressure In Adolescents Ages 16 To 18 Who Participated In The Cleveland Children's Sleep And Health Study: A Secondary Data Analysis, Shameka Rodgers Phillips Jan 2022

The Influence Of Sleep Duration And Sleep Efficiency On Abdominal Adiposity And Blood Pressure In Adolescents Ages 16 To 18 Who Participated In The Cleveland Children's Sleep And Health Study: A Secondary Data Analysis, Shameka Rodgers Phillips

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Introduction: Abdominal adiposity and blood pressure (BP) are two major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the world. The impact of abdominal adiposity and BP on health, particularly CVD, begins in childhood. Older adolescents tend to have the highest prevalence of abdominal adiposity and BP in the pediatric population. Despite interventions like diet and exercise, the prevalence of excess abdominal adiposity and elevated BP continues to increase during late adolescence. Evidence suggests that sleep duration and sleep efficiency impact abdominal adiposity and BP in adults and the pediatric population, but limited studies have …

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Applying Pet Imaging To Cancer Immunotherapy To Improve Clinical Outcomes, Kirsten M. Reeves Jan 2022

Applying Pet Imaging To Cancer Immunotherapy To Improve Clinical Outcomes, Kirsten M. Reeves

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The use of biomarkers has significantly enhanced patient outcome by improving diagnosis, personalizing therapy, and monitoring therapeutic response yet most cancers remain non-responsive. Thus, there is a need to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms and tumor microenvironment to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Molecular imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) are used to assess response during oncology therapy. Molecular imaging can also provide a noninvasive approach to accurately quantify biomarkers correlated with the tumor microenvironment, including glucose metabolism and hypoxia. 18F-Fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) hypoxia targeted cellular uptake has been shown to correlate with negative …

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Non-Mean Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Parameters And Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Analysis Of Pooled Population- And Community-Based Studies, Swati Sakhuja Jan 2022

Non-Mean Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Parameters And Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Analysis Of Pooled Population- And Community-Based Studies, Swati Sakhuja

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High mean blood pressure (BP) on ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is a strong risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), an early manifestation of hypertension-related cardiovascular disease (CVD). Typically, 48-72 systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) readings are obtained on a 24-hour ABPM recording. The large number of readings from ABPM allows for the estimation of parameters beyond mean BP that capture level and fluctuation in BP over 24-hours, which may be useful for identifying individuals at high risk for CVD. The measures of BP level other than mean BP obtained from ABPM recording include BP load (percentage of …

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Modeling Local Heat-Exposure Vulnerability And Canopy-Level Thermal Comfort In Different Urban-Vegetation Morphology, Samain Sabrin Jan 2022

Modeling Local Heat-Exposure Vulnerability And Canopy-Level Thermal Comfort In Different Urban-Vegetation Morphology, Samain Sabrin

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Globally, most cities experience Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) phenomena which increase the heat accumulation rate within city areas compared to the suburban and rural areas. In addition, poor air quality results in a higher prevalence of heat-related mortalities-morbidities and acute respiratory diseases. Vulnerability to UHIs impacts and air pollution varying in neighborhood scale is a function of factors including temperature pattern, the concentration of major air pollutants, land surface characteristics, socioeconomic factors, vulnerable age groups, and people's susceptibility to heat and pollution. Therefore, identifying vulnerability becomes crucial to adapt to changing climate and plan for mitigation strategies. Chapter one proposes …

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