Digital Commons Network^™

What Are The Predictors Of Malignancy In Inflammatory Bowel Disease?, Zülal İstemi̇han, Bi̇lger Çavuş, Ali̇ Emre Bardak, Ayşe Merve Kirkoğlu, Cansu Kiziltaş, Rüveyda Si̇lay, İbrahi̇m Volkan Şenkal, Zi̇ya İmanov, Kenan Nuri̇yev, Aynure Rüstemzade, Sezen Genç, Mi̇ne Güllüoğlu, Asli Çi̇fci̇başi Örmeci̇, Kadi̇r Demi̇r, Fati̇h Beşişik, Sabahatti̇n Kaymakoğlu, Fi̇li̇z Akyüz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aimː This study aims to investigate the prevalence of malignancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) followed up in a tertiary reference center.

Materials and methodsː IBD patients with at least 6 months of follow-up from the gastroenterology clinic between 2000 and 2022 wereevaluated retrospectively in a tertiary center. Patient information was obtained from the patient registration system.

Resultsː There were 697 patients in the study, 320 (45.9%) of these were female. The mean age of the patients at IBD diagnosis was 33.4± 13.1 years. The mean follow-up time was 93.1 ± 64.8 (median 84, IQR (25–75) (36–144)) months. …

Incidence Of And Risk Factors For Hyperoxemia Among Potentially Critically Ill Patients Treated In The Wards: A Retrospective Study, Mehmet Nuri̇ Yakar, Doğukan Şenberber, Ozan Balkabak, Nurgazy Shermatov, Kaan Köşker, Seli̇n Elden, Emel İbi̇şoğlu, Begüm Ergan, Volkan Hanci, Necati̇ Gökmen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The literature shows a link between hyperoxemia and poor outcomes, whereas this association remains unclear in hospital wards. This study aims to determine the incidence of hyperoxemia in hospital wards and its risk factors.

Materials and methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent an evaluation by an intensivist between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020, while receiving treatment in hospital wards, were included in the study following ethics committee approval. Patients with hypoxemia (partial pressure of oxygen [PaO2] < 60 mmHg), a condition related to Coronavirus disease 2019, a hospital stay < 1 day, or missing data were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups: normoxemia (60 mmHg ≤ PaO2 < 120 mmHg) and hyperoxemia.

Results: The incidence of hyperoxemia was 42.2%. Patients with hyperoxemia had longer hospital stays and higher intensive care unit …

Comparison Of Novel Diard-Hbv Dna Qpcr Kit With The Artus Hbv Qs-Rgq Kit For Quantification Of Hbv Dna In Clinical Samples, Ülker Çuhaci, Hande Toptan, Bengül Durmaz, Mehmet Köroğlu, Riza Durmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) leads to widespread chronic infections that may result in long-term complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of sensitive molecular methods for HBV DNA quantitation has provided significant contributions for diagnosis and monitoring of disease. The current study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performances of a novel DiaRD HBV qPCR kit (novel kit) in comparison with the artus HBV QS-RGQ kit (comparator kit).

Materials and methods: A total of 288 plasma samples—105 HBV DNA-positive and 183 HBV DNA-negative—were tested using both kits. The diagnostic and quantitative results of the novel kit were compared …

The Morphologic Structure Of Some Wing Muscles In The Common Pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus), Beste Demi̇rci̇, Murat Erdem Gülti̇ken

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Avians use significant amounts of energy during flight that is supplied by muscles. The Common Pheasant, a member of the Phasianidae family, can fly swiftly over short distances and flies to evade predators. Pheasant species are terrestrial and have a global distribution. This investigation aimed to analyze the anatomical structure of skeletal muscles in pheasants. A cohort of 20 adult pheasants consisting of an equal number of females and males (10 each) was used. Dissections were performed on 5 females and 5 male pheasants for macroscopic evaluation. The remaining samples underwent immunohistochemical staining using an antimyoglobin antibody to measure the …

An Investigation Of The Association Of Gdf9-C.260g>A Polymorphism With Lamb Live Weight In The Akkaraman Breed, Şeyma Kökkaya, Fadi̇me Daldaban, Davut Bayram, Mehmet Ulaş Çinar, Korhan Arslan, Bi̇lal Akyüz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the relationship between the Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF9) gene polymorphism and birth weight, as well as weights on days 30, 60, 90, was investigated in Akkaraman lambs, one of the indigenous sheep breeds of Türkiye. For this purpose, a total of 314 lambs were genotyped by PCR-RFLP method for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) c.260G>A in the GDF9 gene. While GG and GA genotypes were observed in the studied breed, the AA genotype was not observed. The results showed that Akkaraman lambs were in Hardy–Weinberg (H–W) equilibrium for the GDF9-c.260G>A polymorphism (p < 0.05). In this study, a significant association was observed between GDF9-HhaI polymorphism and 30th day weight and 60th day weight in Akkaraman lambs. When the animals were analyzed according to birth type, it was observed that this factor was associated with birth weight, as well as weights on days 30, 60, and 90. It is suggested that the c.260G>A coded SNP …

Growth Curve And Serum Calcium And Magnesium Concentrations In Duck Breeders (Anas Boschas) From Hatching To The Prelaying Period Reared Under Subtropical Conditions, Vanessa Peripolli, Fabiano Dahlke, Ellen Karen Dos Santos, Maila Palmeira, Stelamaris Dezen, Robert Lenock, Elizabeth Schwegler, Juahil Martins De Oliveira Júnior, Ivan Bianchi, Paula Gabriela Da Silva Pires, Betina Raquel Cunha Dos Santos, Andressa Fernanda Campos, Fabiana Moreira

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Optimizing duck production requires understanding growth variability and monitoring serum calcium and magnesium levelsas health indicators. This study aimed to analyze the growth curve, mortality, and serum calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels in White Mallard ducks from hatching to the prelaying period in subtropical conditions. A total of 1100 females and 270 males were raised for 146 days. At hatch, day 6 (D6), D13, D23, D34, D50, D64, D80, D94, D111, and D146, ducks were weighed separately to assess body weight (BW). Blood samples were collected at hatch, D50, D94, and D146 to determine serum calcium and magnesium levels. …

A Morphological Study On Acanthocephalan Species From Wild Birds In Northern Türkiye, Mehmet Öztürk, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The phylum Acanthocephala contains approximately 1300 acanthocephalan species. So far, only nine acanthocephalan species of wild birds have been reported in Türkiye. To study the context of acanthocephalan diversity in wild birds in Türkiye, we examined 193 birds from 69 species belonging to 16 orders. Acanthocephalans were found in seven bird species: Centrorhynchus aluconis in Buteo buteo and Buteo rufinus, Centrorhynchus spinosus in Buteo buteo and Strix aluco, Mediorhynchus papillosus in Iduna icterina, Mediorhynchus tenuis in Luscinia svecica, Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus in Erithacus rubecula and Turdus merula, Polymorphus contortus in Anas platyrhynchos, and Sphaerirostris turdi in Turdus merula. Except for Plagiorhynchus …

Work Extracting And Second Law-Like Inequalities From Non-Extensive Small Systems With Feedback, Mehdi Mirzaee, Saman Amiri

Turkish Journal of Physics

The Gibbs-Boltzmann entropy effectively characterizes systems with a significant reliance on initial conditions. Nonetheless, the majority of materials generally exhibit behavior that is independent of their initial conditions. Conversely, Tsallis entropy—a nonextensive entropy that underpins nonextensive statistical mechanics—provides a comprehensive framework for modeling systems that engage with their environment. In this study, we derive the Tsallis formulation of the Clausius inequality in a quantum context and establish an upper limit for the work that can be extracted from a small system within the framework of nonextensive quantum statistical mechanics. Furthermore, by utilizing a principle from quantum information theory—which posits that …

Kabasura Kudineer Choornam, A Medicinal Polyherbal Formulation, Modulates Human Macrophage Polarization And Phagocytic Function, Asli Korkmaz, Duygu Ünüvar, Si̇nem Günalp, Derya Göksu Helvaci, Duygu Sağ

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Kabasura kudineer choornam (KKC) is a polyherbal formulation of 15 ingredients. It has antiinflammatory and antimicrobial properties and are effective in managing the symptoms of H1N1 swine flu and COVID-19. However, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the effect of KKC on the polarization and function of primary human macrophages.

Materials and methods: Human monocyte-derived macrophages (M0 macrophages) pretreated with KKC extract were polarized into M1, M2a, or M2c subtypes. The expression of the M1/M2 polarization markers was analyzed using qPCR, flow cytometry, and ELISA, and the phagocytosis capacity of …

Different Hypoxic Response Of Human Cavii And Caenorhabditis Elegans Homologous Genes Cah-3, Cah-4, Cah-5, Sümeyye Aydoğan Türkoğlu, Aysu Bozkurt, Fatma Poyrazli, Derya Okuyan

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: A number of carbonic anhydrase (CA) family proteins have been implicated in cancer. They contribute to the hypoxic microenvironment. CAVII is often downregulated in colorectal carcinoma and it has been associated with increased tumor size, node metastasis, and adverse clinical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on CAVII protein in human colon cancer and prostate cancer cells. In addition, the regulation of CAH genes in Caenorhabditis elegans was examined. These are homologous to CAVII in humans.

Materials and methods: CAVII expression was analyzed in different cell lines such as human colon cancer (SW480 …

Mir-9-5p Alleviates The Development Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm By Regulating The Differentiation Of Cd4+Il-10+T Cells Via Targeting The Crosstalk Between Nrf2 And Nf-Κb Signaling Pathways, Hongfu Liu, Jinyi Zhang, Lubin Li, Benxiang Yu, Chunlei Zhang, Wenqiang Niu, Yawen Cheng, Hengyang Dong, Yukun Zhang, Xinlin Luo, Yanlian Xiong, Yueming Wang

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a gradual segmental dilatation of the abdominal aorta, is associated with a high mortality rate. The pathophysiological molecular mechanisms underlying AAA remain unclear. In recent years, changes in miRNA levels have been reported to be involved in the development and treatment of AAA. This study aimed to investigate the potential targets and underlying mechanisms of miR-9-5p in attenuating AAA progression by modulating the inflammatory response.

Materials and methods: Biochemical kits were used to measure the levels of inflammatory factors, antioxidant enzyme activity, and serum oxidative stress in normal and AAA model mice. miR-9-5p overexpression was …

Lactic Acid Bacteria Alleviate Neuronal Excitotoxicity And Extend Caenorhabditis Elegans Lifespan, Bao Le, Thi Nhat Hong Nguyen, Seung-Hwan Yang

Turkish Journal of Biology

Aim: Neuronal cell death plays a critical role in the development of neurological disorders associated with aging. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (hkLAB) on neuroblastoma cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.

Materials and methods: We pretreated heat-killed Lactobacillus fermentum CNU384 (hkCNU384), L. brevis CNU386 (hkCNU386), L. helveticus CNU395 (hkCNU395), and L. paracasei CNU396 (hkCNU396) at a concentration of 10⁹ CFU/mL to investigate their neuroprotective effects on glutamate-induced SH-SY5Y cells and their impact on the lifespan of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced C. elegans.

Results: Our findings indicate that hkCNU395 and hkCNU396 protected against glutamate-induced cell death …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

Thionine Modulates Tau Phosphorylation In An Alzheimer’S Disease Cell Culture Model, Seda Önder, Kevser Bi̇beroğlu, Özden Tacal

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Tau protein, which is crucial for sustaining the cytoskeletal network by assisting microtubule construction, contributes significantly to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The hyperphosphorylation of tau causes it to detach from microtubules (MTs), leading to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in neurons, which ultimately results in cell death. Thionine (TH), a cationic phenothiazine-structured compound, has been the topic of extensive research due to its interesting physicochemical properties. It is a common biological dye, especially useful in histology due to its strong affinity for biological membranes. Furthermore, TH serves as a photosensitizer in phototherapy. It has a phenothiazine …

Chelidonium Majus L.-Containing Gel May Improve Diabetic Wound Healing By Modulating Mmp-2, Mmp-9, And Collagen Levels, Kaan Kaltalioğlu, Eli̇f Naz Gürsoy, Barbaros Balabanli, Zeki̇ Aytaç, Şule Coşkun Cevher

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Delayed wound healing in diabetic patients is a significant complication that reduces quality of life, prompting the continuous investigation of new therapeutic agents. This study designed to explore the dose-dependent effects of different parts of Chelidonium majus L. (CM), a medicinal plant traditionally used for skin disorders, on diabetic skin wounds.

Materials and methods: In diabetic rats, full-thickness excisional wounds were formed. CM-containing gels (aerial parts at 3%, 6%, 9% and root at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) were developed and applied to the wounds. After the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed, and wound healing activity was assessed macroscopically, histopathologically, …

Optimization And Model Averaging Of Histogram-Based Place Cell Firing Rate Maps Using The Point Process Framework, Murat Okatan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The firing rate of hippocampal place cells depends on the spatial position of the organism in an environment. This position dependence is often quantified by constructing spike-in-location and time-in-location histograms, the ratio of which yields a firing rate map. The purpose of this study is to present a new method for optimizing the spatial resolution of histogram-based firing rate maps. It is pointed out that histogram-based firing rate maps are conditional intensity functions of inhomogeneous Poisson process models of neural spike trains, and, as such, they can be optimized through model selection within the point process framework. The point process …

Anatomical And Palynological Studies On Turkish Primula Taxa (Primulaceae) And Their Taxonomic And Phylogenetic Significance, Deni̇z Ulukuş, Esengül Özkaymakoğlu, Rebecca Stubbs, Hüseyi̇n Baykal, Kami̇l Coşkunçelebi̇, Osman Tugay, Barbara Keller, Elena Conti, Ferhat Celep

Turkish Journal of Botany

Anatomical (scape, pedicel, leaf lamina, and leaf midrib) and pollen morphological features of 11 taxa belonging to the genus Primula subgen. Primula (P. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, P. vulgaris subsp. rubra, and P.megaseifolia, P. meyeri,P. elatior subsp. pallasii, P. pseudoelatior, P. veris subsp. columnae, P. veris subsp. macrocalyx) and subgen. Aleurita (P. longipes, P. algida and P. auriculata) were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy to shed light on the existing taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships. The anatomical and palynological features of the majority of the taxa studied were revealed for the first time in this study. In anatomical studies, the …

Effect Of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate And Three Commercial Detergents On The Growth And Physiological Parameters Of The Filamentous Green Alga Cladophora Sp., Eduardo Ruíz-Hernández, Alma Socorro Sobrino-Figueroa, César Abelardo González Ramírez, José Roberto Villagómez-Ibarra

Turkish Journal of Botany

Surfactants are pollutants of environmental concern. Released in large volumes into aquatic environments, they have detrimental effects on the growth and physiological functions of living organisms. This study aimed to determine physiological effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and three commercial detergents on filamentous alga Cladophora sp. It followed the methodological guidelines of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to test seven concentrations of SDS (0, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg/L) and six concentrations of commercial detergents (0, 1, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg/L) using three replicates in a fully randomized design. At the …

Deciphering The Apomixis Reproductive Trait And Its Manipulation Strategies To Enhance Crop Improvement, Mohd Razik Midin, Aiesyaa Majdiena Emlee, Mohamad Azimi Shaharudin, Fadzlin Qistina Fauzan, Siti Fatimah Zakaria, Emelda Rosseleena Rohani, Farah Ayuni Farinordin

Turkish Journal of Botany

In plants, apomixis is the process of asexual reproduction when seeds are produced from the maternal tissues of the ovule. Gametophytic and sporophytic apomixis develop with distinctive mechanisms and are molecularly triggered either by hybridization or polyploidization. As apomixis involves meiosis suppression and parthenogenesis, these events are likely to be genetically driven. T he apomictic trait is associated with several genes that need a diploid or aneuploid gamete for their transfer in polyploid species. T he molecular mechanisms driving apomixis in various plant species have been explained by previous investigations into apomictic genes. Apomixis offers agronomic advantages, such as reducing …

Biochemical And Proteomic Analyses Explain The Role Of Thiourea In Improving Tolerance Against Cadmium Toxicity In Maize, Mustafa Yildiz, Hakan Terzi̇, Nurgül Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Botany

Thiourea (TU), a sulfur-containing compound, is recognized for its ability to ameliorate the deleterious impacts of metal ions on plant growth. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms by which TU regulates metabolic activities in maize (Zea mays L.) under cadmium (Cd) stress remain largely unexplored. This study seeks to clarify how TU (35 μM) mitigates or enhances tolerance to Cd toxicity (50 μM) through physiological and proteomic methods. Cd exposure resulted in inhibited plant growth, leaf chlorosis, and lipid peroxidation; however, the addition of TU reduced Cd toxicity by decreasing Cd accumulation and modulating antioxidant enzyme activity. The global proteome profile was …

The Effects Of S-Metolachlor On Some Fatty Acids And Fatty Acids Gene Expressions In Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.), Gi̇zem Nardemi̇r, Güleray Ağar, Mahmut Si̇nan Taşpinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius (L.)) is one of the widely studied plants due to its resistance to abiotic stress, suitability for summer and winter cultivation, rich in nutrients and linoleic acid. Thus, it has become more important compared to other oil plants in recent years. Weed infestation affects the growth of this cultivated plant during the greening period. S-metolachlor is one of the widely used herbicides that prevent the growth of weeds. In this study, three different doses of S-metolachlor (1, 2 and 4 g of active substance/L) were applied to two different safflower genotypes (Dinçer and Remzibey-05), and their effects …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Analytical Solution And Stability Of Ψ-Prabhakar Delayed Systems: Application To Antibiotic Production, Mustafa Aydin

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The analytical solution of the linear ψ -Prabhakar delay differential equations is explored using the method of variation of parameters, in which a ψ -general delayed exponential matrix function is introduced. The ψ -Prabhakar calculus is enhanced in terms of the semi-group property, inversion results, and several simplified calculations and relations. The system's stability is analyzed within the framework of Ulam-Hyers stability. Finally, the theoretical findings are validated through an application to antibiotic production.

On The Solutions Of Difference Equations Of The Volterra Type, Hakan Adigüzel

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we conduct a thorough analysis of the qualitative behavior of solutions to three different types of difference equations of the Volterra type. Utilizing the principles of discrete calculus and various well-known inequalities, we have presented our findings. To conclude our theoretical findings, we provide several examples that illustrate full alignment with the findings.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Zoology

No abstract provided.

Comparative Mitogenomics Of Clitellata Reveals Mitogenome Organization Can Affect The Mode Of Phylogeny, Deni̇z Mercan, Austin Horenkamp, Merve Nur Aydemi̇r, Habeş Bi̇lal Aydemi̇r, Kurt Neubig, Nai̇me Arslan, Frank E. Anderson

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Clitellata is a major clade of Annelida that includes almost all freshwater and terrestrial annelids as well as many marine species. Aquatic oligochaetes include the union of the two multispecies families: Naididae and Tubificidae. There has been much debate regarding the phylogeny and classification of the cosmopolitan and diverse Naididae. In this study, the total mitogenome sequences of Potamothrix hammoniensis (Naididae: Tubificinae), Stylaria fossularis, Stylaria lacustris, Chaetogaster diaphanus, Chaetogaster diaphanus sp. B, and Slavina appendiculata (Naididae: Naidinae) were sequenced and characterized and can be accessed from NCBI under accession numbers OQ654101, PP909790, PP909791, PP909792, PP909793, and PP893275, respectively. For comparative …

Reproductive Dynamics Of Diplostraca In The Black Sea: Insights From Hamsilos Bay, Sinop, Türkiye, Funda Üstün

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In the coastal marine ecosystem of the Black Sea, Diplostraca is the second most dominant mesozooplankton after Copepoda. Its parthenogenetic reproductive strategy enables significant population growth from spring (March) to fall (December), contributing substantially to mesozooplankton abundance. This study investigated the fecundity, embryonic development stages, and population structure of four of Diplostraca species in Hamsilos Bay: Evadne spinifera, Pleopis polyphemoides, Penilia avirostris, and Pseudevadne tergestina. Samples were taken every month from three stations between July 2015 and June 2016. Population analysis showed that parthenogenetic females were dominant, reaching up to 100% of the population. Gamogenetic females, females without embryos, and …

Effects Of Dietary Supplementation With Codium Fragile And Fennel Essential Oil On Growth, Enzyme Activity, And Hepatopancreas Histology In Juvenile Narrow-Clawed Crayfish (Pontastacus Leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823), Yavuz Mazlum, Meti̇n Yazici, Şehri̇ban Çek, Mehmet Naz, Musa Türkmen, Oğuz Yaşar Uzunmehmetoğlu, Kemal Dede

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study investigated the impact of different levels of Codium fragile macroalgae (CF) dietary supplementation combined with a fixed concentration of 0.05% fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. dulce Mill.) essential oil (FO) on the growth performance, enzyme activity, and hepatopancreas histological changes of juvenile narrow-clawed crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus (initial average weight = 0.25 ± 0.04 g). A 90-day feeding trial was conducted using four experimental groups: CF + FO (control), 1% CF + FO, 2% CF + FO, and 4% CF + FO. The essential oil yield obtained from the fennel seeds was 2.4%. Anethole was the most abundant component …

Monitoring And Control Of Red Palm Weevil Infestation Using Iot Technology, Harun Çi̇men, İbrahi̇m Çakmak, Mustapha Touray, Selçuk Hazir

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Palms are slow-growing arboreal monocots predominantly distributed across warm regions and are frequently incorporated into parks, gardens, and roadsides. The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is a highly destructive invasive insect that threatens palms. This field study investigated the effectiveness of a seismic sensor system to detect R. ferrugineus larvae on palm trees in the İzmir Metropolitan Municipality Culture Park. This park is home to a diverse collection of palm species, including Washingtonia sp. and Phoenix dactylifera. Seismic sensors were attached to the trunks of palm trees to detect the vibrations caused by feeding R. ferrugineus larvae and calibrated to …

Winter Breeding Of The Long-Eared Owl (Asio Otus) In Türkiye, Alaz Uslu, Gencer Yaprak, Sali̇h Tora Benzeyen, Alper Tüydeş, İbrahi̇m Kaan Özgenci̇l

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The long-eared owl (Asio otus) is a widespread nocturnal raptor found across the Holarctic, inhabiting a variety of wooded habitats with adjacent open areas. While the species is not globally threatened, its population is declining, which is primarily attributed to threats such as habitat degradation, pesticide use, hunting, and disturbance. Although winter breeding has been documented in several European countries, no such records have been reported from Türkiye up to date. In this study, we compiled 11 records of winter breeding long-eared owls from northwest and central Türkiye, based on our field observations and data from rehabilitation centers. The estimated …