Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Investigation Of Deposition Parameters On The Structural Properties And Hardness Of Tialn Films Deposited Via Reactive Pulsed Dc Magnetron Sputteringinvestigation Of Deposition Parameters On Structural Properties And Hardness Of Tialn Films Deposited By Reactive Pulsed Dc Magnetron Sputtering, Jariyaporn Rukkun, Kamon Aiempanakit, Pimchanok Reakaukot, Witthawat Wongpisan, Kirati Waree, Montri Aiempanakit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this work, titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) films were deposited on a silicon substrate via reactive pulsed DC magnetron sputtering. The effect of deposition parameters such as nitrogen gas flow rate, substrate temperature, and bias voltage on the structural and mechanical properties of TiAlN films was investigated. The crystal structure, morphology, and hardness of TiAlN films were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, and nanoindentation. An improved crystallinity of TiAlN films was obtained by varying the substrate temperature and bias voltage. The morphology of the TiAlN film exhibited a columnar structure, and the morphology gradually …

Improving Corrosion Resistance Of 3d Printed Ti-6al-4v By Tin Coating, Surada Nisaimun, Phitsanu Poolcharuansin, Patama Visuttipitukul, Pitichon Klomjit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

TiN thin films were deposited on biomaterial 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V substrates using two methods including direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The coating times were compared between 5 min and 25 min. HiPIMS was developed based on DCMS by increasing degree of ionization in plasma and power densities in the order of kWcm-2 compared to Wcm-2 of DCMS. The film characteristics and mechanical properties were investigated by glancing incident x-ray diffractometer (GIXRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). Electrochemical behavior was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 1 M …

Characteristic Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy Response Of Tetrakis (4-Sulfonatophenyl) Porphyrin Doped Polyaniline Toward Fe3+ Ion, Chatr Panithipongwut Kowalsk, Meatawadee Buntee, Prasit Pattananuwat

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Here, we report a selective colorimetric chemosensor toward Fe3+ ion detection by the combination of sensitizer and hole transport consisting of polyaniline and tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin. Interestingly, the presence of tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin moiety on polyaniline can enhance the optical limiting properties of polyaniline, allowing the fluorophore signal for chemical sensor. The performance sensing behaviors toward metal ion are observed by the ultraviolet-Visible and fluorescence properties. The sensing of polyaniline-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin toward Fe3+ ion exhibits a linear response in the concentration range of 0.01 M to 1.0 × 10-4 M over the other transition metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, …

The Study On Un-Doped/Boron Doped/Un-Doped Triple Seg In Vertical Nand Flash Memory, Woong Lee, Chaeho Kim, Joonsuk Lee, Sehun Park, Yonghan Roh

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Selective epitaxial growth (SEG) plays a critical role in vertical NAND flash memory because it serves as a ground select line (GSL) transistor, which is used to control the cell current in the vertical channel. In this study, different channel hole sizes between the adjacent hole and away hole from the common source line (CSL) were detected after vertical channel etch (VCE). This discrepancy severely impacts the boron concentration of SEG applied through ex-situ boron implantation, and results in large GSL Vth variations. Novel in-situ boron-doping of triple-layered un-doped/boron doped/un-doped SEG was developed to solve the high variation of the …

Microwave-Assisted Ecofriendly Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis By Varieties Of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat: Assessing Their Antioxidant, Photocatalytic And Antibacterial Activities, Mathivathani Kandiah, Laknee Nawamali De Silva

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Based on recent developments in the field of Nanobiotechnology, this study is aimed at the assessment of antioxidant, photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat varieties (brown, yellow, purple, pink, salmon pink and white), where five varieties produced AgNPs except white. Antioxidant assays such as total flavonoid content, total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging assays such as ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical scavenging assays were performed. Photocatalytic activity was assessed by the degradation of the model dye methylene blue. Anti-bacterial activity was determined on Staphylococcus aureus and …

Improvement Of The Superconducting Properties Of Carbon Addition On Bi1.6pb0.4sr2 Ca2cu3o10+Δ Prepared Through The Two-Step Sintering Process, Dini Rizqi Dwikunti Siregar, Sigit Dwi Yudanto, Septian Adi Chandra, Eka Feby Ronauli Lubis, Syahrul Humaidi, Nono Darsono

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The effects of the addition of carbon nanoparticles and nanotubes on the Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ (BPSCCO) have been reported. BPSCCO samples were synthesized using the sol-gel method. BPSCCO with nominal composition was sintered at 840°C for 30 h, then grounded and added an amount of carbon. Pure and carbon added BPSCCO were sintered at 840°C for 30 hours. Resistivity measurements were carried out to determine the superconducting properties of the samples. We found that the addition of carbon nanoparticles and nanotubes increased the critical zero temperature (Tc-zero) of BPSCCO from 94.67 K to 97.8 K and 102.03 K for the pure BPSCCO, …

Stress Softening Characteristics Of Thin Monoholar Rubber Flat Slab, Kulyuth Boonseng, Chatchai Waiyapattanakorn, Prayoon Surin

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Thin monoholar rubber flat slab gives rise to unconventional mechanical properties under tension loading not found in thin solid rubber flat slab. However there has been no proper report on its stress softening characteristics. Stress softening is an important phenomenon occurring in all elastomeric materials under cyclic tension loading. Parameters pertinent to stress softening investigated in this research are stress-strain characteristics, permanent set strain and hysteresis loss energy of the thin monoholar rubber flat slab in comparison with the thin solid rubber fat slab when undergoing 7 cycles of stretching. Noticeable differences of stress-strain hysteresis loops diminution of the thin …

Photoelectrochemical Cathodic Protection Of Amorphous Zinc Oxide Coating On Hot Rolled Steel Ss400 In A 3 Wt% Nacl Solution And A Na2s-Naoh Solution, Phatchara Wipataphan, Worapot Sripianem, Naw Blessing Oo, Thanate Na Wichean, Boossayamas Dachbumroong, Oratai Jongprateep, Gasidit Panomsuwan, Naray Pewnim, Ratchatee Techapiesancharoenkij

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The photoelectrochemical cathodic protection of amorphous ZnO thin-film coating on hot rolled steel SS400, in the 3 wt% NaCl environment, was investigated. The ZnO thin film was coated on a SS400 substrate at 200℃ using the spray pyrolysis technique. The x-ray diffractometry analysis confirmed the amorphous ZnO coatings. Two different types of the electrochemical cells were used: a single-cell and a double-cell system. Two different types of the photoelectrolytic solutions were compared: (i) 0.1 M Na2S + 0.2 M NaOH and (ii) 3 wt% NaCl solution. The ZnO-coated SS400 samples were subjected to potentiostatic polarization testing under dark and UV …

Influence Of Graphite Feedstock On The Characteristics Of Silver-Decorated Graphene Oxide And Antimicrobial Property, Ebrahim Mahmoudi, Wei Lun Ang, Gasidit Panomsuwan, Oratai Jongprateep, Abdul Wahab Mohammad, Law Yong Ng, Muneer M. Ba-Abbad

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Graphite from different sources has significant influence on the properties of graphene oxide (GO) and reactivity of GO towards further modification with other nanoparticles. However, such effect has not yet been properly explored. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and antimicrobial property of GO decorated with silver nanoparticles (known as Ag-GO composite) where the GO is synthesized via modified Hummer’s method from various graphite feedstock, namely natural graphite flake (NGF), natural graphite powder (NGP), and synthetic graphite powder (SGP). The Ag-GO nanocomposite was then synthesized using chemical reduction methods. Antimicrobial properties of the Ag-GO were tested using the standard …

Preparation Of A Mixed Al/Sc Nano-Oxide Derived From The Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Via The Sulfuric Acid Roasting–Leaching–Precipitation Process, Razieh Habibpour, Eslam Kashi, Mehdi Janfada

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this study, three methods were used and compared for the selectable extraction of aluminum/ scandium with the least amount of iron in red mud (RM) samples from the Iran alumina plant in Jajarm as follows: 1) RM direct acid leaching with H2SO4, 2) RM washing with hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid before leaching with H2SO4, and 3) RM sulfuric acid roasting-leaching-precipitation.  The aim was to extract the highest amount of scandium while preventing the leaching of other metals, especially iron. Due to any discriminative features, the selective separation of Al/Sc with …

Interface Characterization In Tungsten Fiber/Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composite, Mohammad Ammar Mofid, Mostafa Jafarzadegan

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this research, Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloy is used as the base material to form tungsten fiber reinforced BMG composites. The composites are synthetized using melt infiltration casting method and their microstructure and compressive properties are investigated. Two different infiltration times of 10 min and 15 min are used to produce the composites. The microstructural evaluation of the interface between tungsten fiber and BMG matrix reveals that a narrow reaction band emerges between the tungsten wires and BMG alloy. Some portions of this layer are broken into the fine Zr/W-rich particles …

Impact Of Blended Salt Anti-Icers/Deicers On Properties Of Asphalt Binders, Nurudeen A. Abidoye

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Anyone who has ever attempted to remove a layer of ice from a roadway or sidewalk by plowing or shoveling knows it is no easy task when the ice is firmly bonded to the asphalt/concrete surface. Winter anti-icing/deicing operations are moral choices that mankind has made to combat winter storms. This research is aimed at evaluating the macro and nano structural impacts of (anti-icing/de-icing) salt on aged and unaged asphalt binders. The macro structural impacts focused on the rheological and creep properties, and the nano structural impacts focused on the surface topography, adhesion force, and modulus of asphalt binders. Rheological …

Review On Machining Of Additively Manufactured Nickel And Titanium Alloys, Navneet Khanna, Kishan Zadafiya, Tej Patel, Yusuf Kaynak, Rizwan Abdul, Rahman Rashid, Ana Vafadar

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The machining of nickel and titanium-based superalloy components is very expensive and involves unusually high lead times compared with other engineering metals such as steels and aluminum. This has led to the development of most suitable additive manufacturing (AM) processes to fabricate these difficult-to-machine metals into near-net shape parts, thereby reducing the lead time and material waste, and significantly increasing productivity. Nonetheless, finish machining is still required on the AMed metal components to meet the dimensional and surface requirements of the application. Several research studies have investigated the machinability of AMed nickel and titanium alloy workpieces and have compared the …

Dry Reforming Of Methane Using Microwave Irradiated Metal Oxide/Coal Char Catalysts, Anthony Carter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research focuses on the synthesis of both shaped and amorphous powder materials, the combination of these materials with dried Powder River Basin (PRB) coal char, and their reactionary properties with methane and carbon dioxide gasses with conventional and microwave (MW) heating. The first goal of this project was to synthesize shaped micro and nano sized particles with ideal dielectric properties for converting electromagnetic energy into heat and proven capabilities of activating methane. These particles were synthesized via solvothermal, hydrothermal, and co-preceptory treatments alone and onto the surface of dried PRB coal char. PRB is a sub-bituminous, low-ranking coal (LRC) …

Direct Numerical Simulation Of A Pulsatile Flow In A Stenotic Channel Using Immersed Boundary Method, Siamak Mirfendereski, Jae Sung Park

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

A three-dimensional direct numerical simulation model coupled with the immersed boundary method has been developed to simulate a pulsatile flow in a planar channel with single and double one-sided semicircular constrictions. For relevance to blood flow in large arteries, simulations have been performed at Reynolds numbers of 750 and 1000. Flow physics and resultant wall shear stress (WSS)-based hemodynamic parameters are presented. The instantaneous vortex dynamics, mean flow characteristics, and turbulent energy spectra are evaluated for flow physics. Subsequently, three WSS-based parameters, namely the time-averaged WSS, oscillatory shear index, and relative residence time, are calculated over the stenotic wall and …

Test-Retest Reliability And Minimal Detectable Change Of The Computerized Dynamic Posturography Proprio For Adults With Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury, Guilherme Manna Cesar, Thad W. Buster, Judith M. Burnfield

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Purpose: Balance deficits after brain injury, including reactive recovery from unexpected perturbations, can persist well after rehabilitation is concluded. While traditional clinical assessments are practical, the anticipatory nature of the tasks may mask perceptible balance control. Computerized dynamic posturography can directly quantify capacity to respond to unexpected, external perturbations. This study examined the reliability of the computerized dynamic posturography assessment with the device PROPRIO® 4000 in adults with traumatic brain injury and created the minimal detectable change for its standardized test.

Methods: Ten adults (ages 21–55 years) with chronic (average 10 ± 6 years post-injury) severe (loss of consciousness 2–75 …

Large-Scale Synthesis Of Compressible And Re-Expandable Three-Dimensional Nanofiber Matrices, Alec Mccarthy, Lorenzo Saldana, Daniel Mcgoldrick, Johnson V. John, Mitchell Kuss, Shixuan Chen, Bin Duan, Mark A. Carlson, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Due to their biomimetic properties, electrospun nanofibers have shown great potential in many biomedical fields. However, traditionally-produced nanofibers are typically two-dimensional (2D) membranes limiting their applications. Herein, we report a large-scale synthesis of compressible and reexpandable three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber matrices for potential biomedical applications. The reproducible mass production of such matrices is achieved using a multiple-emitter electrospinning machine with a controlled environment (e.g., temperature, humidity, and air flow rate) followed by an innovative gas-foaming expansion. The modified 20-emitter circular array with 3D-printed needle caps is capable of maintaining stable Taylor cones under extremely high flow rates. The introduction of such …

A Novel Large Animal Model Of Smoke Inhalation-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Premila D. Leiphrakpam, Hannah R. Weber, Andrea Mccain, Roser Romaguera Matas, Ernesto Martinez Duarte, Keely L. Buesing

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is multifactorial and can result from sepsis, trauma, or pneumonia, amongst other primary pathologies. It is one of the major causes of death in critically ill patients with a reported mortality rate up to 45%. The present study focuses on the development of a large animal model of smoke inhalation-induced ARDS in an effort to provide the scientific community with a reliable, reproducible large animal model of isolated toxic inhalation injury-induced ARDS. Methods: Animals (n=21) were exposed to smoke under general anesthesia for 1 to 2 h (median smoke exposure=0.5 to 1 L of …

Assembly Of Close-Packed Ferroelectric Polymer Nanowires Via Interface-Epitaxy With Res2, Dawei Li, Shuo Sun, Kun Wang, Zahra Ahmadi, Jeffrey E. Shield, Stephen Ducharme, Xia Hong

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The flexible, transparent, and low-weight nature of ferroelectric polymers makes them promising for wearable electronic and optical applications. To reach the full potential of the polarization-enabled device functionalities, large-scale fabrication of polymer thin films with well-controlled polar directions is called for, which remains a central challenge. The widely exploited Langmuir–Blodgett, spin-coating, and electrospinning methods only yield polymorphous or polycrystalline films, where the net polarization is compromised. Here, an easily scalable approach is reported to achieve poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) thin films composed of close-packed crystalline nanowires via interface-epitaxy with 1T′-ReS₂. Upon controlled thermal treatment, uniform P(VDF-TrFE) films restructure into …

Reducing Corrosion Of Additive Manufactured Magnesium Alloys By Interlayer Ultrasonic Peening, M. P. Sealy, R. Karunakaran, S. Ortgies, G. Madireddy, A. P. Malshe, K. P. Rajurkar

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Additive manufad (AM) magn alloys corrode rapidly due to tensile stress and coarse microstructures. Cyclically combining (hybridizing) additive manufacturing with interlayer ultrasonic peening was proposed as a solution to improve corrosion resistance of additive manufactured magnesium WE43 alloy through strengthening mechanisms and compressive residual stress. Applying interlayer peening work hardened discrete layers and formed a glocal integrity of regional grain refinement and subsurface compressive residual stress barriers. Tensile residual stress that typically accelerates corrosion decreased 90%. Results showed time-resolved control over corrosion was attainable by interlayer peening, and local corrosion within print cells decreased 57% with respect to as-printed WE43.