Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Band Alignments Of Metal/Oxides-Water Interfaces Using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics, Yong-Bin Zhuang, Jun Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Band alignments of electrode-water interfaces are of crucial importance for understanding electrochemical interfaces. In the scenario of electrocatalysis, applied potentials are equivalent to the Fermi levels of metals in the electrochemical cells; in the scenario of photo(electro)catalysis, semiconducting oxides under illumination have chemical reactivities toward redox reactions if the redox potentials of the reactions straddle the conduction band minimums (CBMs) or valence band maximums (VBMs) of the oxides. Computational band alignments allow us to obtain the Fermi level of metals, as well as the CBM and VBM of semiconducting oxides with respect to reference electrodes. In this tutorial, we describe …

Recent Progress Of Bifunctional Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Electrodes In Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cells, Tian-Long Zheng, Ming-Yu Ou, Song Xu, Xin-Biao Mao, Shi-Yi Wang, Qing-Gang He

Journal of Electrochemistry

Unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs), which oxidize hydrogen to water to generate electrical power under thefuel cells (FCs) mode and electrolyze water to hydrogen under the water electrolysis (WE) mode for recycling, areknown as clean and sustainable energy conversion devices. In contrast to the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) andhydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the hydrogen electrode side, the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the oxygen electrode side requires highly efficient bifunctional oxygencatalysts. Conventional precious metal oxygen catalysts combine Pt and IrO₂ with excellent ORR and OER activities toachieve bifunctional electrocatalysis performance, but …

Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Taking The Initial Stage Of Cu Electrodeposition On Au(111) As An Example, Zhuo Tan, Kai-Xuan Li, Bing-Wei Mao, Jia-Wei Yan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM) plays an important role in the field of electrochemistry, which can obtain potential-dependent structural information of electrode surface with high spatial resolution and observe some reaction processes in electrolyte solutions, and provide a powerful way to understand the interfacial structure and electrode processes from the perspective of high spatial resolution. In this article, the study of electrodeposition of Cu on Au (111) by ECSTM is taken as an example to introduce the experimental methods required for ECSTM and share our experience with other electrochemical groups. Firstly, the working principle of STM is introduced so that …

Twin-Solute, Twin-Dislocation And Twin-Twin Interactions In Magnesium, Materials Yue, Jian Wang, Jian-Feng Nie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Magnesium alloys have received considerable research interest due to their lightweight, high specific strength and excellent castability. However, their plastic deformation is more complicated compared to cubic materials, primarily because their low-symmetry hexagonal closepacked (hcp) crystal structure. Deformation twinning is a crucial plastic deformation mechanism in magnesium, and twins can affect the evolution of microstructure by interacting with other lattice defects, thereby affecting the mechanical properties. This paper provides a review of the interactions between deformation twins and lattice defects, such as solute atoms, dislocations and twins, in magnesium and its alloys. This review starts with interactions between twin boundaries …

Atomistic Simulations Of Twin Facets Associated With Three-Dimensional { []011 } Twins In Magnesium, Qiyu Zeng, Mingyu Gong, Houyu Ma, Yao Shen, Jian-Feng Nie, Jian Wang, Yue Liu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional (3D) twin domains through the migration of twin facets. This occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections (TDs), which can pile up to create twin facets. A comprehensive under- standing of twin facets associated with 3D twins, including their atomic structures and energies, is crucial for understanding deformation twinning. In this study, we propose a molecular statics/dynamics (MS/MD) approach to determine characteristic twin facets enclosing 3D non-equilibrium/equilibrium { [] 011 } twin domains, which has been much less studied than the counterpart { [] 012 } twin domains. The stability …

The Essential Work Of Fracture In Peridynamics, Christer Stenström, Kjell Eriksson, Florin Bobaru, Stefan Golling, Pär Jonsén

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this work, the essential work of fracture (EWF) method is introduced for a peridynamic (PD) material model to characterize fracture toughness of ductile materials. First, an analytical derivation for the path-independence of the PD J -integral is provided. Thereafter, the classical J -integral and PD J-integral are computed on a number of analytical crack problems, for subsequent investigation on how it performs under large scale yielding of thin sheets. To represent a highly nonlinear elastic behavior, a new adaptive bond stiffness calibration and a modified bonddamage model with gradual softening are proposed. The model is employed for two …

Mesoporous Particle Embedded Nanofibrous Scaffolds Sustain Biological Factors For Tendon Tissue Engineering, Chiara Rinoldi, Ewa KijeńSka-GawrońSka, Marcin Heljak, Jakub Jaroszewicz, Artur KamińSki, Ali Khademhosseini, Ali Tamayol, Wojciech Swieszkowski

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In recent years, fiber-based systems have been explored in the frame of tissue engineering due to their robustness in recapitulating the architecture and mechanical properties of native tissues. Such scaffolds offer anisotropic architecture capable of reproducing the native collagen fibers’ orientation and distribution. Moreover, fibrous constructs might provide a biomimetic environment for cell encapsulation and proliferation as well as influence their orientation and distribution. In this work, we combine two fiber fabrication techniques, such as electrospinning and wet-spinning, in order to obtain novel cell-laden 3D fibrous layered scaffolds which can simultaneously provide: (i) mechanical support; (ii) suitable microenvironment for 3D …

A Strong And Ductile Cobalt-Free Solid-Solution Fe30ni30mn30cr10 Multi-Principal Element Alloy From Hot Rolling, Hans Pommerenke, Jiaqi Duan, Nathan Curtis, Victor Delibera, Adam Bratten, Andrew Hoffman, Mario Buchely, Ronald O'Malley, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most of the face-centered cubic (FCC) multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) developed thus far contain cobalt. for many applications, it is either required or beneficial to avoid cobalt, since cobalt has long-term activation issue (for nuclear applications), is expensive, and is considered a critical material. in addition, FCC structured solid-solution MPEAs tend to have relatively low strength. an FCC solid-solution Fe30Ni30Mn30Cr10 (at %) MPEA was fabricated via arc melting, followed by homogenization at 1100 °C for 12 h. the alloy was hot rolled at 1100 °C with a total reduction of up to 97 %. the microstructure was characterized, and mechanical …

The Plastics Collection Reference Packet, Special Collections Research Center

Special Collections Research Center

This reference packet is an informational tool to support further research into the history of plastics—whether interested in companies, individuals within the plastics industry's history, historical plastics materials, essays, and more. All content featured within this packet was previously published on the former plastics.syr.edu website as part of a Syracuse University Libraries and Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) partnership established in 2007 with the Plastics Pioneers Association (PPA)—an association of plastics industry professionals interested in preserving the plastics industry's past.

Neurocomputing And Interfacing Digital Tasting System: Research, Design, And Evaluation, Amira J. Zaylaa, Ahmad El Hajj

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The continuous evolution in computing and interfacing has been extended to develop multi-sensory experiences in many domains such as neurological, auditory, vision, and haptic domains. So far, only a few remarkable system approaches have been approved to be serving the taste sensation digitally. Although taste sensation is linked to the brain, there is a lack of optimal neurocomputing digital taste sensation systems. Our study provides a new neurocomputing method to digitally stimulate the sense of taste by electrical stimulation on the human tongue. We aim to link chemical stimulation and electrical stimulation in order to design an electronic interface for …

Methods And Surface Materials Repair For Concrete Structures – A Review, Lelian W. Elkhatib, Adel Elkordi, Jamal Khatib

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Concrete is a very critical material that may require maintenance and possible repair periodically, especially in important structure such as bridges. In general, concrete in structures (e.g. reinforced concrete) may be subjected to cracks due to a variety of reasons. These include, design and external environments such as the ingress of harmful ions into the concrete, unexpected extra loads including earthquakes. These cracks can affect not only the appearance of the structure but more importantly the structural performance of concrete and the integrity of the concrete structure. Therefore, when cracks occur a proper repair method should be selected, based on …

Nitric Oxide: Physiological Functions, Delivery, And Biomedical Applications, Syed Muntazir Andrabi, Navatha Shree Sharma, Anik Karan, S. M. Shatil Shahriar, Brent Cordon, Bing Ma, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule that has a central role in signaling pathways involved in numerous physiological processes (e.g., vasodilation, neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and tumor growth). Due to its gaseous form, NO has a short half-life, and its physiology role is concentration dependent, often restricting its function to a target site. Providing NO from an external source is beneficial in promoting cellular functions and treatment of different pathological conditions. Hence, the multifaceted role of NO in physiology and pathology has garnered massive interest in developing strategies to deliver exogenous NO for the treatment of various regenerative and biomedical …

Design And Development Of Ultrabroadband, High-Gain, And High-Isolation Thz Mimo Antenna With A Complementary Split-Ring Resonator Metamaterial, Ammar Armghan, Khaled Aliqab, Meshari Alsharari, Osamah Alsalman, Juveriya Parmar, Shobhit K. Patel

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The need for high-speed communication has created a way to design THz antennas that operate at high frequencies, speeds, and data rates. In this manuscript, a THz MIMO antenna is designed using a metamaterial. The two-port antenna design proposed uses a complementary splitring resonator patch. The design results are also compared with a simple patch antenna to show the improvement. The design shows a better isolation of 50 dB. A broadband width of 8.3 THz is achieved using this complementary split-ring resonator design. The percentage bandwidth is 90%, showing an ultrabroadband response. The highest gain of 10.34 dB is achieved …

An Aptamer-Based Microelectrode With Tunable Linear Range For Monitoring Of K+ In The Living Mouse Brain, Yuan-Dong Liu, Jia-Run Li, Li-Min Zhang, Yang Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Potassium ion (K⁺) is widely involved in several physiopathological processes, and its abnormal changes are closely related to the occurrence of brain diseases of cerebral ischemia. In vivo acquirement of K⁺ variation is significant to understand the roles of K⁺ playing in brain functions. A microelectrode based on single-stranded DNA aptamers was developed for highly selective detection of K⁺ in brain, in which the aptamer probes were designed to contain an aptamer part for specific recognition of K⁺, an alkynyl group used for stable confinement of aptamer probe on the gold surface, and …

Scanning Photoelectrochemical Microscopic Study In Photoinduced Electron Transfer Of Supramolecular Sensitizers-Tio2 Thin Films Systems, Sheng-Ya Zhang, Min Yao, Ze Wang, Tian-Jiao Liu, Rong-Fang Zhan, Hui-Qin Ye, Yan-Jun Feng, Xiao-Quan Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Crafting charge transfer channels at titanium dioxide (TiO₂) based photoanodes remain a pressing bottleneck in solar-to-chemical conversion technology. Despite the tremendous attempts, TiO₂ as the promising photoanode material still suffers from sluggish charge transport kinetics. Herein, we propose an assembly strategy that involves the axial coordination grafting metalloporphyrin-based photosensitizer molecules (MP) onto the surface-modified TiO₂ nanorods (NRs) photoanode, forming the composite MP/TiO₂ NRs photoelectrode. As expected, the resulted unique MP_B/TiO₂ NRs photoelectrode displays significantly improved photocurrent density as compared to TiO₂ NRs alone and MP_A/TiO₂ NRs photoelectrode. Scanning …

Restoration Of Normal Blood Flow In Atherosclerotic Arteries Promotes Plaque Stabilization, Morgan A. Schake, Ian Mccue, Evan T. Curtis, Thomas J. Ripperda Jr., Samuel Harvey, Bryan T. Hackfort, Anna Fitzwater, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, Forrest Kievit, Ryan M. Pedrigi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Blood flow is a key regulator of atherosclerosis. Disturbed blood flow promotes atherosclerotic plaque development, whereas normal blood flow protects against plaque development. We hypothesized that normal blood flow is also therapeutic, if it were able to be restored within atherosclerotic arteries. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^-/-) mice were initially instrumented with a blood flow-modifying cuff to induce plaque development and then five weeks later the cuffwas removed to allowrestoration of normal blood flow. Plaques in decuffed mice exhibited compositional changes that indicated increased stability compared to plaques in mice with the cuff maintained. The therapeutic benefit of decuffingwas comparable …

Recent Developments In Timber Design & Its Impact On Carbon Emissions, Raquel Jackson

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper explores recent developments in timber building designs and its potential towards reducing carbon emissions. Carbon dioxide emissions are a growing issue worldwide as urbanization and industrialization continues to increase. The rising concentration of carbon dioxide emissions pose significant concerns towards public welfare and environmental health. Despite current methods to reduce greenhouse gasses, carbon emissions remain difficult to reduce from steel and concrete industries. Increasing timber use in building design is a possible solution. Increasing more timber in building design can help reduce carbon emissions due to the carbon-absorbing properties of the construction material. Timber as a construction material …

Comparative Cutting Fluid Study On Optimum Grinding Parameters Of Ti-6al-4v Alloy Using Flood, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (Mql), And Nanofluid Mql (Nmql), Jaime Taha-Tijerina, Immanuel A. Edinbarough

Informatics and Engineering Systems Faculty Publications

Titanium alloys have been of paramount interest to the aerospace industry due to their attractive characteristics. However, these alloys are difficult to machine and require grinding post-processes for quality assurance of the products. Conventional grinding takes a long time and uses a flood coolant-lubrication technique, which is not cost effective nor environmentally friendly. Several studies have been performed to prove the viability and benefit of using Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) with vegetable or synthetic-ester fluids. This work aims to find the optimum grinding parameters of creep feed grinding Ti-6Al-4V with a green silicon carbide wheel, using a flood lubrication system …

Morphology And Hemodynamics Of Cerebral Arteries And Aneurysms In A Rare Pair Of Monozygotic Twins, Hang Yi, Zifeng Yang, Luke C. Bramlage, Bryan R. Ludwig

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

In this preliminary study, the underlying pathophysiology mechanisms of cerebral aneurysms (CAs) in monozygotic twins (MTs) were investigated via a rare pair of MTs (twin A and twin B) involving four reconstructed arterial models using preclinical information. First, dimensions and configurated outlines of three-perspective geometries were compared. Adopting an in-vitro validated numerical CA model, hemodynamic characteristics were investigated in the MTs, respectively. Despite expected genetic similarities, morphological comparisons show that configurations of cerebral arteries exhibit significant differences between the twins. The ICA size of twin A is larger than that in twin B (2.23~25.86%), varying with specific locations, attributing to …

The Center For Centering Dome, Olek Piechaczek, Ryan M. Scharf

Architectural Engineering

The Center for Centering seeks to create a large-scale healing center, conducive to individual centering of the mind and body. This mobile installation provides a relaxing, enclosed space while still maintaining a connection to the outdoors. The clients liked the idea of having a pop-up installation that could be easily set up as a touring display. With a deadline for installation looming in June 2022, a team of students had five months to design and manufacture the structure.

In winter 2022, the students developed custom geometry to minimize the number of individual parts and built a ¼ scale model of …