Effect Of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Normalization In Microarray Gene Selection,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Normalization In Microarray Gene Selection, Prema Ramasamy, Premalatha Kandhasamy
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Analysis of gene expression data is essential in microarray gene expression in order to retrieve the required information. Gene expression data generally contain a large number of genes but a small number of samples. The complicated relations among the different genes make analysis more difficult, and removing irrelevant genes improves the quality of results. This paper presents two fuzzy preprocessing techniques, using a fuzzy set (FS) and intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), to normalize datasets. In the feature selection part, four statistical methods were used. Using three publicly available gene expression datasets, the fuzzy normalization techniques were compared with two standard …
A Compact Branch-Line Coupler Design Using Low-Pass Resonators And Meandered Lines Open Stubs,
2018
TÜBİTAK
A Compact Branch-Line Coupler Design Using Low-Pass Resonators And Meandered Lines Open Stubs, Fatemeh Hosseinkhani, Saeed Roshani
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A compact 1.5 GHz microstrip branch-line coupler with harmonic suppression, using low-pass resonators and meandered lines open stubs, is designed and fabricated in this paper. Both significant size reduction and harmonics suppression are achieved in the proposed structure using U-shape low-pass resonators and meandered lines open stubs. The proposed coupler shows more than 24 dB suppression for harmonics (2nd up to 10th). The proposed coupler size has been reduced by almost up to 81{\%} compared to the typical one. The designed coupler is simulated using Advanced Design System software. The measured results verify the simulation data of the designed coupler.
A Comparative Study On Different Types Of Metamaterials For Enhancement Of Microstrip Patch Antenna Directivity At The Ku-Band (12 Ghz), Bi̇lal Tütüncü, Hami̇d Torpi̇, Bülent Urul
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper proposes improving the directivity of microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) by using metamaterials. Four different metamaterial types are used as a flat lens in front of the MPA, respectively, which are tuned to 12 GHz (Ku-band) resonance frequency. Thus, it can be decided which metamaterial is more proper for antenna directivity enhancement at this band. One additional new metamaterial structure is proposed in this paper, which is called a Euro-shaped resonator, and other metamaterials used are the triangular split ring resonator, symmetrical ring structure, and split ring resonator. The permeability and permittivity of metamaterials are extracted from the S …
Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna Characterization For Retinal Prosthesis Systems,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna Characterization For Retinal Prosthesis Systems, Ademola Oluwaseun Kaka, Mehmet Toycan, Stuart Douglas Walker
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
We describe a miniaturized antenna design for retinal prosthesis applications that enhances data transfer between the implant and external camera. The circularly polarized and conformal 2.4--2.48 GHz microstrip patch antenna was simulated inside the vitreous humor and is intended for biomedical applications. Modified Hilbert and serpentine geometries were used for the proposed implant antenna design. Capacitive radiator loading offered miniaturized dimensions of 5.8 $\times $ 6.5 $\times $ 2 mm$^{3}$ (width $\times $ height $\times $ thickness mm$^{3})$. A truncated design enhanced the intrinsic circular polarization characteristics to $>$3 dB axial ratio. Polydimethylsiloxane substrate and superstrate materials were used …
Investigating The Experimental Limits Of The Brewster's Angle Method,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Investigating The Experimental Limits Of The Brewster's Angle Method, Can Sümer, Alp Kuştepeli̇, Mehmet Sali̇h Di̇nleyi̇ci̇
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
We present the method, analysis, and experimental results of the Brewster's angle method commonly used for determining the refractive indices of optical films. We show the significance of the intersection of reflectance curves, in that the necessity for substrate refractive index and film layer thickness knowledge are both eliminated. We present the conditions for the existence of the second intersection of reflectance curves and introduce a method for determining the refractive index of the substrate layer by using the angular information alone. Analytical results reveal impressive practical sensitivity and accuracy limits for the method, where the experimental results also support …
A New Inset-Fed Uwb Printed Antenna With Triple 3.5/5.5/7.5-Ghz Band-Notched Characteristics,
2018
TÜBİTAK
A New Inset-Fed Uwb Printed Antenna With Triple 3.5/5.5/7.5-Ghz Band-Notched Characteristics, Avez Syed, Rabah Wasel Aldhaheri
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A novel low-profile inset-fed ultrawideband printed antenna with triple band-notched characteristics is proposed. Wide inverted U-shaped and crescent-shaped slots are used to achieve first and second notched bands in the 3.3--3.7 GHz and 5.1--5.9 GHz ranges for WiMAX and WLAN systems, respectively. Additionally, an altered ground plane with an open-ended L-shaped slot generated a third notched band in the 7.25--7.85 GHz range for downlink of X-band satellite communication systems. The center frequencies of the stop bands are adjusted by altering the parameters of corresponding slots. The antenna prototype is built on a 28 mm $\times $ 24 mm Rogers RT/duroid …
A New Method For Detecting Jittered Pri In Histogram-Based Methods,
2018
TÜBİTAK
A New Method For Detecting Jittered Pri In Histogram-Based Methods, Mostafa Bagheri, Mohammad Hossein Sedaaghi
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Histogram-based methods are among the best methods for deinterleaving, because of their easy implementation. However, they have a basic defect when they encounter a jittered pulse repetition interval (PRI). Jittered PRI is one of the most sophisticated patterns for electronic warfare (EW) receivers. In jittered PRI, the time among successive pulses varies in a totally random manner; thus its detection is very complicated. In this paper we present a new method for extracting jittered PRI from histogram-based methods. Simulation results demonstrate excellent performance of the proposed method in normal as well as hard circumstances where a higher missing pulse rate …
Composite Vector Quantization For Optimizing Antenna Locations,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Composite Vector Quantization For Optimizing Antenna Locations, Zekeri̇ya Uykan, Riku Jantti
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, we study the location optimization problem of remote antenna units (RAUs) in generalized distributed antenna systems (GDASs). We propose a composite vector quantization (CVQ) algorithm that consists of unsupervised and supervised terms for RAU location optimization. We show that the CVQ can be used i) to minimize an \textit{upper bound} to the cell-averaged SNR error for a desired/demanded location-specific SNR function, and ii) to maximize the cell-averaged \textit{effective} \textit{SNR}. The CVQ-DAS includes the standard VQ, and thus the well-known squared distance criterion (SDC) as a special case. Computer simulations confirm the findings and suggest that the proposed …
Ab Initio Study Of The Structural, Electronic, And Magnetic Properties Of Co$_{2}$Fega And Co$_{2}$Fesi And Their Future Contribution To The Building Of Quantum Devices, Abdallah Oumsalem, Yamina Bourezig, Zakia Nabi, Badra Bouabdallah
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
How small can an electronic device be and still function? How many atoms are needed for such device? At what point will the semiconductor fabrication technology be unable to construct anything smaller? These are common questions asked by researchers, and the answers indicate the short-term limitations on the use of semiconductor technology. When we reach these limitations, we can propose two methods to solve these problems: first, we could continue using semiconductor technology, alongside the development of new theories and techniques to counter quantum effects caused by the miniaturization of electronic devices like transistors and microprocessors. Second, we could exploit …
Digital Image Copy-Move Forgery Detection Based On Discrete Fractional Wavelet Transform,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Digital Image Copy-Move Forgery Detection Based On Discrete Fractional Wavelet Transform, Amanjot Kaur Lamba, Neeru Jindal, Sanjay Sharma
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
With the advancement of sophisticated cameras and image editing software tools, digital image tampering techniques are frequently used without leaving visual cues behind. Digital image copy-move forgery is a kind of image manipulation that involves copying and pasting of a certain section (or sections) within the same digital image. Generally, this is done with false intentions of hiding important information or providing false information in an image. In view of this, the focus of the present paper is to propose a discrete fractional wavelet transform-based scheme for identification of duplicated regions in the image. The test image is split into …
Dynamic Simulation Of The Cad Model In Simmechanics With Multiple Uses,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Dynamic Simulation Of The Cad Model In Simmechanics With Multiple Uses, Jiri Zátopek, Zdenek Ú?Ední?Ek, José Machado, João Sousa
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
When designing a mechatronic system, several steps are taken into account. One of the main steps is the design of a CAD model representing the physical part of the system, and another major point is the development of the mathematical model necessary for the respective controller design. This paper combines both design steps and shows the advantages of using this approach. First, a CAD model is created considering the kinematic and dynamic behavior of the system as well as respective material properties. This CAD model is, in parallel, used for both purposes: as the main basis for developing a mathematical …
Gradient Domain Photomontage Via Interactive Object Selection,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Gradient Domain Photomontage Via Interactive Object Selection, Beki̇r Di̇zdaroğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
One of the most critical steps in photomontage is marking an object that is to be copied from a source image to a target image efficiently. Some unexpected and unwanted effects such as bleeding usually occur on the resulting image if the object is roughly marked, copied, and then pasted to the target region, even when using the Poisson equation approach. Moreover, original color information for the pasted object cannot be preserved, and color values for the boundary pixels of the pasted object may change and/or blurriness may occur when using some methods described in the literature. The proposed methods …
Gait Pattern Discrimination Of Als Patients Using Classification Methods,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Gait Pattern Discrimination Of Als Patients Using Classification Methods, Süleyman Bi̇lgi̇n, Zahi̇de Eli̇f Akin
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a mortal and idiopathic neurodegenerative disturbance of the human motor system. The disturbances of locomotion due to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) consisting of ALS, Parkinson disease (PD), and Huntington disease (HD) cause some abnormal fluctuations in gait signals. The investigation into gait patterns of NDDs provides significant information in order to develop new biomedical diagnosis devices. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the best discrimination method of ALS among control subjects (Co.), PD patients, and HD patients. The D2, D4, D5, and D6 detailed components, which were determined as critical features extracted from …
Two-Stage Feature Selection Using Ranking Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm For Recognition Of Acceleration Activity, Muhammad Noorazlan Shah Zainudin, Md Nasir Bin Sulaiman, Norwati Mustapha, Thinagaran Perumal, Raihani Mohamed
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Widespread research on activity recognition is becoming an imperative topic for improving the quality of human health. The fast development of sensing technology has become a fundamental platform for researchers to implement a system that could fulfill human needs. Due to privacy interests and low cost, wearable sensing technology is used in numerous physical activity monitoring and recognition systems. While these systems have proved to be successful, it is crucial to pay attention to the less relevant features to be classified. In such circumstances, it might happen that some features are less meaningful for describing the activity. Less complex and …
Laser Printer As A Source Of Sensitive Emissions,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Laser Printer As A Source Of Sensitive Emissions, Ireneusz Kubiak
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Each electronic (electric) device generates electromagnetic emissions during its operation. Most often these emissions are generated unintentionally and they are radiated into the surrounding space in an uncontrolled way. In the case of significant levels of these emissions, they can disturb the operation of other devices or can be used as typical radio emissions. If the nature of their changes corresponds to the processed information occurring in a form of electric signals, the mentioned emissions can be a basis for effective realization of electromagnetic infiltration processes. Most often, these emissions are classified in laboratory conditions using anechoic chambers. Inside such …
A Modeling And Simulation Study About Co$_{2}$ Amount With Web-Based Indoor Air Quality Monitoring,
2018
TÜBİTAK
A Modeling And Simulation Study About Co$_{2}$ Amount With Web-Based Indoor Air Quality Monitoring, Nesi̇be Yalçin, Deni̇z Balta, Ahmet Özmen
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Human breath causes indoor air quality (IAQ) to get worse in overcrowded places such as schools, hospitals, and offices where people spend most of their time, and it is rarely felt. For a healthy and comfortable living environment, pollutant gases must also be monitored in addition to temperature and humidity control. In this respect, carbon dioxide (CO$_{2})$ is considered as one of the main indoor air pollutants to determine ventilation requirements. In this study, a mathematical model and simulator software have been developed to predict CO$_{2}$ concentrations under different indoor conditions and to visualize the predicted results that come from …
Hardware Trojan Detection And Localization Based On Local Detectors,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Hardware Trojan Detection And Localization Based On Local Detectors, Amin Bazzazi, Mohammad Taghi Manzuri Shalmani, Ali Mohammad Afshin Hemmatyar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Hardware Trojans are one of the serious threats with detrimental, irreparable effects on the functionality, security, and performance of digital integrated circuits. It is difficult to detect Trojans because of their diversity in size and performance. While the majority of current methods focus on Trojan detection during chip testing, run-time techniques can be employed to gain unique advantages. This paper proposes a method based on the online scalable detection technique, which eliminates the need for a reference chip. Involving local detectors, this technique assesses the variations in the logical values of each node to find out whether there are Trojans. …
Analyzing Methods Of Network Topologies Based On Chordal Rings,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Analyzing Methods Of Network Topologies Based On Chordal Rings, Damian Ledzinski, Sandra Smigiel, Lukasz Zabludowski
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper presents a methodology for the transmission properties research of networks patterned according to the third-degree chordal graphs. When designing and analyzing ICT systems, it is vital to consider the topology of network components. The telecommunication network structure can be described by a graph. Computing modes or specialized computers are the vertexes and the edges are bidirectional, independent transmission channels that represent the connected nodes. The algorithm is potentially useful for the determination of the impact of diameter and an average path length of the chordal rings on the properties of the transmission network. It is also useful for …
Experimental Realization Of A Multi-Input Buck--Boost Dc--Dc Converter,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Experimental Realization Of A Multi-Input Buck--Boost Dc--Dc Converter, Kushal Kanhav, Madhuri Chaudhari
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, steady and dynamic performance of a multi-input buck--boost DC--DC converter is presented. The converter has the ability to supply energy from storage and renewable energy sources individually to the load. It maintains a constant output voltage under various transient conditions of load as well as source. It has the capability to operate in buck, boost, and buck--boost modes of operation. The mathematical model of the converter is developed, which is further used to design controllers for the converter. A laboratory prototype is developed for experimental realization of the converter. The analysis, design, simulation, and experimental results of …
Frequency Equivalent Circuits For The On And Off State Of An Optically Triggered Switch Based On A Pin Photodiode,
2018
TÜBİTAK
Frequency Equivalent Circuits For The On And Off State Of An Optically Triggered Switch Based On A Pin Photodiode, Ivan Olaf Hernandez-Fuentes, Carlos Villa-Angulo, Jose Manuel Ramirez-Zarate, Raul Rascon-Carmona, Rosa Citalli Anguiano-Cota
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this work we have developed equivalent circuit models for the frequency response of an optically triggered switch based on a positive-intrinsic-negative photodiode (PIN-PD) for the On state (light applied to the PIN-PD) and the Off state (without applying light to the PIN-PD). From measurements it was found the frequency response in Off state behaves as a high-pass filter whereas in the On state as a low-pass filter; this means that depending on the input signal frequency there could be an approach or even an overlap between the output amplitude in the On and in the Off state. The developed …
