Modeling Of Crash Risk For Realistic Artificial Data Generation: Application To Naturalistic Driving Study Data,
2021
University of Central Florida
Modeling Of Crash Risk For Realistic Artificial Data Generation: Application To Naturalistic Driving Study Data, Lauren Hoover
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Most safety performance analysis employs cross-sectional and time-series datasets, posing an important challenge to safety performance and crash modification analysis. The traditional safety model analysis paradigm relying on observed data only allows relative comparisons between analysis methods and is unable to establish how well the methods mimic the true underlying crash generation process. Assumptions are made about the data, but whether the assumptions truly characterize the safety data generation in the real world remains unknown. To address this issue, this thesis proposes the generation of realistic artificial data (RAD). In developing a prototype RAD generator for crash data, we mimic …
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation In The Context Of Connected Vehicles And Mobile Sensing,
2021
University of Central Florida
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation In The Context Of Connected Vehicles And Mobile Sensing, Pei Li
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Recently, with the development of connected vehicles and mobile sensing technologies, vehicle-based data become much easier to obtain. However, only few studies have investigated the application of this kind of novel data to real-time traffic safety evaluation. This dissertation aims to conduct a series of real-time traffic safety studies by integrating all kinds of available vehicle-based data sources. First, this dissertation developed a deep learning model for identifying vehicle maneuvers using data from smartphone sensors (i.e., accelerometer and gyroscope). The proposed model was robust and suitable for real-time application as it required less processing of smartphone sensor data compared with …
Safety And Operations Of Urban Arterials Incorporating The Context Classification System,
2021
University of Central Florida
Safety And Operations Of Urban Arterials Incorporating The Context Classification System, Nada Mahmoud
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Urban arterials connect multiple areas in the city and encourage non-motorist activities. Hence, the safety and operations on urban arterials is vital as they improve the mobility of daily commuters and road users. This research aims to facilitate traffic operations on urban arterials by proposing multiple mythological approaches to estimate and predict turning movement counts at signalized intersections using traffic data from adjacent intersections. Further, it aims to improve the safety by developing crash prediction models, identifying the hotspots for multiple crash types, and indicating the factors contributing to operating speed as well as non-motorist crashes. The analyses included tuning, …
Mechanically Spliced Precast Bridge Columns,
2021
South Dakota State University
Mechanically Spliced Precast Bridge Columns, Ted Sjurseth
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mechanical bar splices provide an alternative to the traditional method of lap splicing to achieve reinforcement bar continuity in reinforced concrete. Even though mechanical bar splices can be used as new precast column connections to accelerate the bridge construction (ABC), The use of bar couplers in the plastic hinge region of bridge columns is prohibited by the current US codes since the effects of bar couplers on the seismic behavior of columns is not fully investigated. A bridge column including precast columns with couplers located in a high seismic region must be designed to handle large inelastic lateral deformations. The …
Smart Parking Systems: Reviewing The Literature, Architecture And Ways Forward,
2021
Old Dominion University
Smart Parking Systems: Reviewing The Literature, Architecture And Ways Forward, Can Biyik, Zaheer Allam, Gabriele Pieri, Davide Moroni, Muftah O' Fraifer, Eoin O' Connell, Stephan Olariu, Muhammad Khalid
Computer Science Faculty Publications
The Internet of Things (IoT) has come of age, and complex solutions can now be implemented seamlessly within urban governance and management frameworks and processes. For cities, growing rates of car ownership are rendering parking availability a challenge and lowering the quality of life through increased carbon emissions. The development of smart parking solutions is thus necessary to reduce the time spent looking for parking and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The principal role of this research paper is to analyze smart parking solutions from a technical perspective, underlining the systems and sensors that are available, as documented in the …
See-Trend: Secure Traffic-Related Event Detection In Smart Communities,
2021
Old Dominion University
See-Trend: Secure Traffic-Related Event Detection In Smart Communities, Stephan Olariu, Dimitrie C. Popescu
Computer Science Faculty Publications
It has been widely recognized that one of the critical services provided by Smart Cities and Smart Communities is Smart Mobility. This paper lays the theoretical foundations of SEE-TREND, a system for Secure Early Traffic-Related EveNt Detection in Smart Cities and Smart Communities. SEE-TREND promotes Smart Mobility by implementing an anonymous, probabilistic collection of traffic-related data from passing vehicles. The collected data are then aggregated and used by its inference engine to build beliefs about the state of the traffic, to detect traffic trends, and to disseminate relevant traffic-related information along the roadway to help the driving public make informed …
Identifying Origin-Destination Trips From Gps Data – Application In Travel Time Reliability Of Dedicated Trucks,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Identifying Origin-Destination Trips From Gps Data – Application In Travel Time Reliability Of Dedicated Trucks, Li Zhao, Ying Li
Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs
The advancement of data collection technologies has brought an upsurge in GPS applications. For example, travel behaviour research has benefited from the integration of multiple sources of Global Positioning System (GPS) data. However, the effective use of such data is still impeded by the challenge in data processing. For instance, GPS data, despite providing detailed spatial movement information, do not label the starting and finishing points of a trip, especially for commercial trucks. Hence, there is a critical need to develop a trip identification method to effectively use the trajectory data provided by GPS without additional information. This paper focused …
Crash Analysis And Development Of Safety Performance Functions For Florida Roads In The Framework Of The Context Classification System,
2021
University of Central Florida
Crash Analysis And Development Of Safety Performance Functions For Florida Roads In The Framework Of The Context Classification System, Ma'en Al-Omari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Nowadays, technology is employed in many safety applications and countermeasures that would enhance traffic safety by influencing some crash-related factors. Therefore, crash-related factors must be determined for every roadway element by the development of safety performance functions. Safety performance functions (SPF) are employed to predict crash counts at the different roadway elements. Several SPFs have been developed for the various roadway elements based on different classifications such as functional classification and area type. Since a more detailed classification of roadway elements leads to more accurate crash predictions, multiple states have developed new system to categorize roads based on a comprehensive …
Optimization Of Transit Smart Card Data Publishing Based On Differential Privacy,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Optimization Of Transit Smart Card Data Publishing Based On Differential Privacy, Chenxi Chen
Masters Theses
“Privacy budget allocation is a key step of the differential privacy (DP)-based privacy-preserving data publishing (PPDP) algorithm development, as it directly impacts the data utility of the released dataset. This research describes the development of an optimal privacy budget allocation algorithm for transit smart card data publishing, with the goal of publishing non-interactive sanitized trajectory data under a differential privacy definition. To this end, after storing the smart card trajectory data with a prefix tree structure, a query probability model is built to quantitatively measure the probability of a trajectory location pair being queried. Next, privacy budget is calculated for …
Monitoring Of Microscopic Traffic Behavior For Safety Applications Using Temporal Logic,
2021
University of Central Florida
Monitoring Of Microscopic Traffic Behavior For Safety Applications Using Temporal Logic, Mariam Wessam Hassan Mohamed Nour
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Smart cities are revolutionizing the transportation infrastructure by the integration of technology. However, ensuring that various transportation system components are operating as expected and in a safe manner is a great challenge. One of the proposed solutions is traffic monitoring systems which collect and analyze traffic data for the safe operation and management of the overall system. Even though traffic safety analysis has been tied to crash data, surrogate safety measures (SSM) have recently emerged as a replacement. SSM can provide a convenient alternative for understanding the impact of conflicts on overall road safety. Traditionally, conflicts were studied through manual …
Applying Machine Learning Techniques To Improve Safety And Mobility Of Urban Transportation Systems Using Infrastructure- And Vehicle-Based Sensors,
2021
University of Central Florida
Applying Machine Learning Techniques To Improve Safety And Mobility Of Urban Transportation Systems Using Infrastructure- And Vehicle-Based Sensors, Zubayer Islam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The importance of sensing technologies in the field of transportation is ever increasing. Rapid improvements of cloud computing, Internet of Vehicles (IoV), and intelligent transport system (ITS) enables fast acquisition of sensor data with immediate processing. Machine learning algorithms provide a way to classify or predict outcomes in a selective and timely fashion. High accuracy and increased volatility are the main features of various learning algorithms. In this dissertation, we aim to use infrastructure- and vehicle-based sensors to improve safety and mobility of urban transportation systems. Smartphone sensors were used in the first study to estimate vehicle trajectory using lane …
Assessing Freeway Crash Risk Using Crowdsourced Waze Incident Alerts,
2021
University of Kentucky
Assessing Freeway Crash Risk Using Crowdsourced Waze Incident Alerts, Eugene Boasiako Antwi
Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering
Traffic data obtained through crowdsourcing are becoming more accessible to traffic agencies due to advancements in smartphone technology. Traffic managers aim to use this data to complement their conventional sources of data and provide additional context in their analysis. In this study, Waze incident alerts are integrated with GPS-Probe speed data and Kentucky State Police (KSP) crashes to assess their impact on traffic flow and safety on freeways in Kentucky. The analysis showed that the presence of a vehicle on the shoulder is associated with about 36.7% of freeway crashes in Kentucky. The presence of a vehicle on the shoulder …
Evaluation Of Unconventional Signalized Intersections On Arterial Roads And A Proposition For A Novel Intersection Design,
2021
University of Central Florida
Evaluation Of Unconventional Signalized Intersections On Arterial Roads And A Proposition For A Novel Intersection Design, Ma'en Al-Omari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Several unconventional intersection designs were proposed and implemented to enhance traffic safety and operation at intersections. The efficiency of these intersection designs was not sufficiently evaluated in the previous research because of the limited implementation of such designs. However, with the growing interest in the implementation of unconventional intersections by municipalities and transport agencies, it has become a need for a comprehensive evaluation of their safety and operational benefits. Therefore, this dissertation aims to evaluate the safety and operational aspects of unconventional intersection designs by employing different research approaches: crash analysis, microscopic simulation, and driving simulation. Firstly, this dissertation evaluated …
An Empirical Analysis To Control Product Counterfeiting In The Automotive Industry's Supply Chains In Pakistan,
2021
Technological University Dublin
An Empirical Analysis To Control Product Counterfeiting In The Automotive Industry's Supply Chains In Pakistan, Saad Akhter Jaffery
Doctoral
The counterfeits pose significant health and safety threat to consumers. The quality image of firms is vulnerable to the damage caused by the expanding flow of counterfeit products in today’s global supply chains. The counterfeiting markets are swelling due to globalization and customers’ willingness to buy counterfeits, fueling illicit activities to explode further. Buyers look for the original parts are deceived by the false (deceptive) signals’ communication. The counterfeiting market has become a multi-billion industry but lacks detailed insights into the supply side of counterfeiting (deceptive side). The study aims to investigate and assess the relationship between the anti-counterfeiting strategies …
Identification Of Crash Contributing Factors In Av Involved Crashes,
2021
West Virginia University
Identification Of Crash Contributing Factors In Av Involved Crashes, Md Tanvir Ashraf
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) can dramatically reduce the number of traffic crashes and associated fatalities by eliminating the avoidable human-errors related crash contributing factors. Many companies have been conducting pilot tests on public roads in several states in the United States and other countries to accelerate AV mass deployment. AV pilot operations on California public roads saw 251 AV-involved crashes (as of February 2020). These AV-involved crashes provide a unique opportunity to investigate AV crash risks in a mixed traffic environment. This study collected the AV crash reports from the California Department of Motor Vehicles and applied the Decision Tree (DT), …
Identifying The Links Between Mental Frameworks, Context Features, And Driver Attention In Complete Streets Environments,
2021
University of Central Florida
Identifying The Links Between Mental Frameworks, Context Features, And Driver Attention In Complete Streets Environments, Patricia Tice
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Complete street systems integrate a wide range of users in the same space, with unequal risks and responsibilities. This makes driver attention a critical factor in assuring the safety of vulnerable users. The Conditioned Anticipation of People psychological model of driver attention proposes that drivers reflexively reengage their metacognitive processes when they anticipate visually interacting with the human face or form due to the neurological priority that the brain places on human recognition. To test this model, an eye-tracking tabulation was generated from the SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study that measured midsegment percent of time on-task and multitasking behavior for 200 …
A Comparison Of The Effectiveness And Integration Capability Of Personal Aerial Vehicles (Pav) Into The Existing Transportation Network Of The City Of Los Angeles,
2021
The University of Akron
A Comparison Of The Effectiveness And Integration Capability Of Personal Aerial Vehicles (Pav) Into The Existing Transportation Network Of The City Of Los Angeles, Alec Perkins
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
Traffic demands on the current infrastructure network is becoming more strained as populations migrate and increase, particularly in large cities. Therefore, city officials, transportation and traffic authorities and researchers, and city inhabitants themselves are always striving to find faster and more efficient means of transportation. With the rise of new technologies such as autonomous vehicles and drones, the applications for transportation are endless. Therefore, this paper will describe and explore the operations, and consequently the efficacy, of Personal Aerial Vehicles (PAV), also known as Urban Air Mobility (UAM). The machines, while still hypothetical, are being researched extensively by some of …
Side Impact Collisions: Trucks Versus Sedans,
2021
The University of Akron
Side Impact Collisions: Trucks Versus Sedans, Mackenzie Cheyney
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The proposed project will cover the effects of FMVSS 214 addendum to include light trucks. The addition of side door beams, air bags, and a dynamic performance requirement are the main points of FMVSS 214 which will be discussed. The effects of these safety measures will be compared between light trucks and sedans. NHTSA reports regarding the effects of FMVSS 214 will be reviewed in this paper. Based on the NHTSA literature reviews, further recommendations will be made.
Roundabouts: A Study In Green,
2021
The University of Akron
Roundabouts: A Study In Green, Benjamin Shaub
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The purpose of this project was to provide insight on the subject of the implementation of roundabouts as an alternative to traditional intersections. Specifically, this project focuses primarily on intersection improvement projects performed by the City of Green, a municipality local to Akron, Ohio. The report discusses many of the considerations that contributed to roundabout conversion being established as the preferred improvement for the State Route 619-Pickle Rd and State Route 619-Myersville Rd intersections located within the City of Green, along with additional details pertaining to these two public projects (completed in 2018 and 2019 respectively). The intent of this …
Seismic Performance Of Mechanically Spliced Precast Bridge Columns With New Couplers,
2021
South Dakota State University
Seismic Performance Of Mechanically Spliced Precast Bridge Columns With New Couplers, Evan Greeneway
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lap splicing is not always the most economical or practical approach to achieve reinforcement bar continuity. Mechanical bar splices, or bar couplers, are one alternative that may be far more practical. Currently, the US codes do not allow for the use of bar couplers in the plastic hinge region for RC members in areas of high seismic activity. There has not been enough research into the couplers behavior when subjected to significant inelastic lateral deformations. The Lohr Structures Laboratory was used to conduct an experimental study on campus of South Dakota State University to evaluate the seismic performance of mechanically …
