Improvements To The Prediction Of Brace Forces In Z-Purlin Roof Systems With Support + Third Point Bracing,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Improvements To The Prediction Of Brace Forces In Z-Purlin Roof Systems With Support + Third Point Bracing, Michael W. Seek
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The Component Stiffness Method is a displacement compatibility method used to analyze C- and Z- section supported roof systems. The method provides a detailed analysis of the flexibility in the roof system and the distribution of forces as they flow out of the system. Parametric studies of the equations for typical roof systems have shown that by ignoring the flexibility of some of the components, the method can be simplified with little impact on the anchorage forces calculated. Changes have also been made to the way in which cross section deformations are incorporated into the method. This paper focuses on …
Numerical Investigation Of Cold-Formed Steel Top Hat Purlins,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Numerical Investigation Of Cold-Formed Steel Top Hat Purlins, Asraf Uzzaman, Andrzej M. Wrzesien, Robert Hamilton, James B. P. Lim, David Nash
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper considers the use of cold-formed steel top-hat sections for purlins as an alternative to conventional zed-sections. The use of such top-hat sections may be viable for use in cold-formed steel portal framing systems, where both the frame spacing and purlin span may be smaller than in conventional hot-rolled steel portal frames. Furthermore, such sections are torsionally stiffer than zed-sections, and so have a greater resistance to lateral-torsional buckling. They also do not require the installation of anti-sag rods. The paper describes non-linear elasto plastic finite element analyses conducted on top-hat sections. The results of twenty-seven tests on four …
Influence Of Diagonal Bracing Restraint On Cold-Formed Steel Perforated Columns Under Axial Compression,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Influence Of Diagonal Bracing Restraint On Cold-Formed Steel Perforated Columns Under Axial Compression, Chong Ren, Xianzhong Zhao
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents a numerical investigation on the influence of diagonal bracing restraint on cold-formed steel perforated columns subjected to axial compression. Finite element method (FEM) is employed to analyse the structural behaviour of perforated columns. The results obtained from the present study highlight the influence of diagonal bracing restraint on post-buckling of columns, and the distortional-flexural mode interaction is also discussed. Furthermore, the accuracy of the present model is validated by comparing the results against the available experimental data.
Development Of A Novel Pinned Connection For Cold-Formed Steel Trusses,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Development Of A Novel Pinned Connection For Cold-Formed Steel Trusses, Chris D. Mathieson, G. Charles Clifton, James B. P. Lim
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel trusses are a popular form of construction for light-weight buildings, particularly portal frame structures, for which spans up to 25m are increasingly common. In these long span trusses, providing high strength connections with sufficient elastic stiffness is a current limitation to developing cost-effective solutions. A novel pin-jointed truss connection named the Howick Rivet Connector (HRC) has been tested, firstly in a T-joint arrangement, then in a truss assemblage to determine its reliable strength and stiffness. Results showed that the HRC performs similarly to a bolted connection in terms of failure modes observed and loads reached. Additionally, the process …
Towards Load-Deformation Models For Screw-Fastened Cold-Formed Steel-To-Steel Shear Connections,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Towards Load-Deformation Models For Screw-Fastened Cold-Formed Steel-To-Steel Shear Connections, C. D. Moen, D. A. Padilla-Llano, S. Corner, C. Ding
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper summarizes results from an experimental program considering single-fastened cold-formed steel-to-steel shear connections. Fastener motion (displacement and tilting angle) and bearing deformation occurring on the connecting members at the fastener location were captured using an automated, optical non-contact measurement procedure. The results are used to relate cold-formed steel-to-steel shear connection load-deformation response to tilting and bearing response. A general steel-to-steel single shear fastener load-deformation equation is also proposed and demonstrated.
Fragility Curves For Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Wall Frames Affected By Ground Settlements Due To Land Subsidence,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Fragility Curves For Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Wall Frames Affected By Ground Settlements Due To Land Subsidence, Luis A. Hernández-Castillo, Jose A. Ortiz-Lozano, Martin Hernández-Marín, Jesús Pacheco-Martínez, Mario E. Zermeño-Deleón, Juan J. Soto-Bernal, Jorge Ramos-Ruizflores, Miguel A. Soto-Zamora
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Land subsidence phenomenon due to ground water withdrawal is a current problem in many places around the world, particularly in the shallows of Mexico. This causes ground differential settlements that affect structures, mainly dwellings and buildings based on reinforced concrete and masonry. Eventually, these structural materials do not exhibit an adequate performance beyond a certain level of angular distortion. This work presents the results about a study regarding the performance of thin-walled cold-formed steel wall frames with different sheathing systems affected by angular distortions simulating ground differential settlements due to land subsidence. The wall frames are composed by vertical (studs) …
Fastener-Based Computational Models With Application To Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Fastener-Based Computational Models With Application To Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls, G. Bian, S. G. Buonopane, Hung Huy Ngo, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The objective of this paper is to validate a tool that design engineers could employ to develop mechanics-based predictions of the lateral response of wood-sheathed cold-formed steel (CFS) framed shear walls applicable in a wide variety of situations. Wood framed shear walls enjoy a variety of tools, most notably SAPWood and its predecessor CASHEW, that provide a means to predict the complete hysteretic behavior of a shear wall based on the nail fastener schedule and board selection. The existence of these tools helps engineers in unique design situations, encourages innovation in shear wall design particularly for Type I shear walls, …
Study On The Flexural Capacity Of Cold-Formed Steel Joists-Osb Composite Floors,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Study On The Flexural Capacity Of Cold-Formed Steel Joists-Osb Composite Floors, X. H. Zhou, Y. Shi, R. C. Wang, Y. J. Liu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Two full scale specimens were tested to study the flexural capacity of cold-formed steel joists and OSB (Oriented strand board) composite floors. Test results indicated the composite floors had high bearing capacity and small deformation, and the screw spacing significantly affected the load-carrying capacity. The main failure modes were flexural and torsional buckling of floor joist, and the interactive buckling of compression flange, web and crimp. The wave length of bucking equalled to the adjacent screw spacing. Then the specimens were analyzed by commercial software ANSYS and the nonlinear FEM calculation results agreed well with the test results. Furthermore, detailed …
Acoustic Performance Of Different Cold-Formed Studs In Double-Leaf Walls By Finite Element Analysis And Experiment,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Acoustic Performance Of Different Cold-Formed Studs In Double-Leaf Walls By Finite Element Analysis And Experiment, V. B. Nguyen, T. Morgan, M. A. English, M. A. Castellucci
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel studs are often used in lightweight partition walls to provide structural stability but in the same time they change the acoustic performance of the whole system. The overall design of such lightweight structures for acoustic sound insulation becomes very complicated as the sound passing through stud needs to be quantified. One of the greatest challenges is to characterise the stud’s geometric effects on the sound transmission of the partition walls. This paper presents a Finite Element modelling approach and results into the acoustic performance of cold-formed studs in double-leaf walls which are placed in between a source room …
In-Plane Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel-Framed Shear Wall Panels Sheathed With Fibre Cement Board,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
In-Plane Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel-Framed Shear Wall Panels Sheathed With Fibre Cement Board, Rojit Shahi, Nelson Lam, Emad Gad, Ismail Saifullah, John Wilson, Ken Watson
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Shear wall panels are commonly used as lateral load resisting elements to provide stability of the cold-formed steel-framed houses in Australia against wind and earthquake actions. The effectiveness of their lateral resistance behavior is obtained usually by experimental testing although it can also be done by analytical modeling. This paper presents racking test results of steelframed wall panels with different aspect ratios sheathed with fibre cement board subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading protocol. Performance parameters of the wall panels are obtained from the experimentally observed load-deflection curves using various existing methods and evaluation method is proposed. The evaluation method …
Experimental Seismic Behavior Of The Cfs-Nees Building: System-Level Performance Of A Full-Scale Two-Story Light Steel Framed Building,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Experimental Seismic Behavior Of The Cfs-Nees Building: System-Level Performance Of A Full-Scale Two-Story Light Steel Framed Building, Kara D. Peterman, Rob L. Madsen, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In the summer of 2013, testing of two full-scale cold-formed steel (CFS) framed buildings under seismic excitations took place at the Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Lab (SEESL) at the University at Buffalo. Utilizing the twin shake tables, the two-story building specimens were subjected to ground motions from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. These experiments were conducted as a part of the CFS-NEES experimental effort in an attempt to advance cold-formed steel earthquake engineering and design. Two buildings were tested: the first, a specimen constructed with only structural components (CFS-framed gravity walls, shear walls, floor and roof diaphragms, with OSB sheathing …
Pull-Through Failure Tests Of Thin Steel Roof Battens Under Wind Uplift Loads,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Pull-Through Failure Tests Of Thin Steel Roof Battens Under Wind Uplift Loads, Mayooran Sivapathasundara, Mahen Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Thin profiled steel roof sheeting and battens are increasingly used in the construction of roofing systems of residential, commercial, industrial and farm buildings in Australia. The critical load combination of external wind suction and internal wind pressures that occur during high wind events such as thunderstorms and tropical cyclones often dislocate the roofing systems partially or even completely due to premature roof connection failures. Past wind damage investigations have shown that roof sheeting failures occurred at their screw connections to battens. In most of these cases, the screw fastener head pulled through the thin roof sheeting whilst the screw fasteners …
Local Buckling Hysteretic Nonlinear Models For Cold-Formed Steel Axial Members,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Local Buckling Hysteretic Nonlinear Models For Cold-Formed Steel Axial Members, D. A. Padilla-Llano, C. D. Moen, M. R. Eatherton
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper studies the energy dissipation and damage in thin walled members that experience local buckling and presents an approach to model cold-formed steel (CFS) axial members that experience local buckling deformations. The model is implemented in OpenSees using hysteretic models for CFS axial members calibrated using experimental responses. Results from thin-shell element simulations using ABAQUS show that energy dissipation in thin plates dissipates through inelastic strains and yielding that concentrates in damaged zones that extent approximately the length of a buckled half-wave (Lcr). Generally damage accumulates in one zone but when more than one damaged zone occurred …
Design Method Of Bending Load-Carrying Capacity For Sandwich Panels With Different Metal Panel On Both Sides,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Design Method Of Bending Load-Carrying Capacity For Sandwich Panels With Different Metal Panel On Both Sides, Yanli Guo, Xingyou Yao, Kai Liu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The sandwich panels, with plain and shallow grain pressed metal plate as the face sheets, and glass wools, rigid polyurethane foam, and rock wools as core materials, have excellent heat insulation and mechanical behavior, and been used as curtain walls for tall buildings in recent years in China. Since wind load and temperature action are the main actions for curtain walls, the sandwich panels are flexural members. In this paper, the design method and design formula of flexural load-carrying capacity and flexural deflection of a kind of sandwich plates with different metal panel on both sides are discussed and proposed. …
Numerical Simulation On Dynamic Behavior Of A Cold-Formed Steel Framing Building Test Model,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Numerical Simulation On Dynamic Behavior Of A Cold-Formed Steel Framing Building Test Model, Yuanqi Li, Rongkui Ma, Zuyan Shen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A nonlinear dynamic numerical simulation on seismic behavior of a two-story cold-formed steel framing building full-scale shaking table test model was carried out by the way of from components to integral structure. Firstly, refined numerical model of shear wall was established, and restoring force models of screw connections between the framing and sheathings were integrated into the numerical model of shear wall. The refined numerical model of shear wall was verified by tests. Secondly, based on refined numerical model of shear wall and modified exponential “Foschi” skeleton curve, uniform restoring force skeleton curves of two typical shear walls of the …
The 2013 Aisi Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
The 2013 Aisi Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Joshua Buckholt, Richard C. Kaehler, Helen Chen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The 2013 edition of the AISI Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual has been published. The new edition includes updated and newly developed example problems and design aids covering new material in the 2012 edition of the AISI North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (NA Specification). Also published with the Manual are the NA Specification and the Commentary.
Steel Deck Institute Design Manuals For Floor And Roof Deck,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Steel Deck Institute Design Manuals For Floor And Roof Deck, Thomas Sputo
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The Steel Deck Institute (SDI) has developed new design manuals to assist in the use of their consensus floor and roof deck standards. The SDI Floor Deck Design Manual, 1st Edition (FDDM) is based on the requirements of the ANSI/SDI NC-2010 Standard for Non-composite Steel Floor Deck and the ANSI/SDI C-2011 Standard for Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs. The SDI Roof Deck Design Manual, 1st Edition (RDDM) is based on the requirements of the ANSI/SDI RD-2010 Standard for Steel Roof Deck. Both manuals contain information on available deck profiles and finishes, and design and installation information. Additionally, both manuals …
Cold-Formed Steel Channel Sections With Web Stiffeners Subjected To Local And Distortional Buckling — Part Ii: Parametric Study And Design Rule,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Cold-Formed Steel Channel Sections With Web Stiffeners Subjected To Local And Distortional Buckling — Part Ii: Parametric Study And Design Rule, Liping Wang, Ben Young
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A parametric study of cold-formed steel channel sections with web stiffeners subjected to bending was performed using finite element analysis (FEA). An accurate finite element model was used for the parametric study. The parametric study included 75 beams of plain and lipped channel sections with web stiffeners. The beams were simply supported and subjected to four-point bending. The strengths and failure modes of specimens obtained from experimental and FEA results were compared with design strengths predicted using the direct strength method (DSM) specified in the North American Specification for cold-formed steel structures. The comparison shows that the design strengths predicted …
Laser Scanning To Develop Three-Dimensional Fields For The Precise Geometry Of Cold-Formed Steel Members,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Laser Scanning To Develop Three-Dimensional Fields For The Precise Geometry Of Cold-Formed Steel Members, Xi Zhao, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Geometric imperfections play an important role in the performance and behavior of cold-formed steel members. The objective of this paper is to detail a newly developed imperfection measurement rig, where the full three-dimensional (3D) imperfect geometry of a cold-formed steel member can be measured and reconstructed. The measurement results in a dense three-dimensional point cloud that may be utilized to provide precise knowledge of the basic member dimensions (width, angle, radius including variation along the length), frequency content in the member (waviness, local dents, etc.), or directly as the exact geometry of the member. Practical applications of the data include …
Tailoring Compression Performance Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns,
2014
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Tailoring Compression Performance Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns, Talha Ekmekyapar, M. Tolga Göğüş, Mustafa Özakça
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Since thin-walled structural analysis and design procedures are utilized for cold-formed steel columns, it is first necessary to understand thin plate behavior to employ proper cross sections which will serve under compression actions. As is well known, thin plates without any longitudinally and/or laterally stiffening elements usually are not present in structural applications. These stiffening elements significantly improve local buckling and collapse characteristics of plates, providing optimized solutions in terms of strength and cost. In cold-formed steel industry there exist some tailoring methods for columns to use the cross-section material more effectively. Designing lipped channels instead of plain ones or …
