Characterizing The Load Deformation Behaviour Of Steel Deck Diaphragms,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Characterizing The Load Deformation Behaviour Of Steel Deck Diaphragms, P. O'Brien, S. Florig, C. D. Moen, M. R. Eatherton
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Lateral loads flow through a building’s horizontal roof and floor diaphragms before being transferred to the vertical lateral force resisting system (e.g. braced frames, moment frames or shear walls). These diaphragms are therefore a critical structural component in the resistance of lateral loads. A review of the literature shows that a large number of experimental programs have been performed to obtain the in-plane load-deformation behavior of steel deck and concrete on steel deck diaphragms. The tested diaphragm behavior was found to be dependent on a set of factors including loading protocol, fastener type, fastener size and spacing, and more. There …
Experiments On Column Base Stiffness Of Long-Span Cold-Formed Steel Portal Frames Composed Of Double Channels,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Experiments On Column Base Stiffness Of Long-Span Cold-Formed Steel Portal Frames Composed Of Double Channels, H. B. Blum, K. J. R. Rasmussen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel haunched portal frames are popular structures in industrial and housing applications. They are mostly used as sheds, garages, and shelters, and are common in rural areas. Cold-formed steel portal frames with spans of up to 30m (100 ft) are now being constructed in Australia. As these large structures are fairly new to the market, there is limited data on their feasibility and design recommendations. An experimental program was carried out on a series of portal frame systems composed of back-to-back channels for the columns, rafters, and knee braces. The system consisted of three frames connected in parallel with …
Application Of The Direct Strength Method To Steel Deck,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Application Of The Direct Strength Method To Steel Deck, Randall Keith Dudenbostel, Thomas Sputo
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
With the reorganization of the AISI S100 Standard, the Direct Strength Method (DSM) takes a position of equal footing with the Equivalent Width Method (EWM) for calculating the strength of cold-formed steel cross sections. The majority of previous DSM studies focused on C and Z profiles, while little study of panel sections, especially steel deck sections, has been performed. A study was undertaken to determine and compare the behavior and usable strength of existing floor and roof deck sections with both DSM and EWM. The Cornell University – Finite Strip Method (CUFSM) software was used for the elastic buckling analysis, …
Finite Element Modeling Of Concrete Shrinkage In Composite Deck Slabs,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Finite Element Modeling Of Concrete Shrinkage In Composite Deck Slabs, Vitaliy V. Degtyarev
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents finite element models of composite deck slabs subjected to restrained concrete shrinkage. The models created in ANSYS and validated against test data were based on the assumption of the full shear interaction between the deck and the concrete and accounted for concrete creep, cracking, and nonlinear stress-strain relationship. Concrete shrinkage was modeled by temperature changes applied to concrete. The effects of different shrinkage profiles, concrete creep, and deck slab properties on the long-term concrete and deck strains are presented. Future research work is outlined.
A Combined Direct Analysis And Direct Strength Approach To Predict The Flexural Strength Of Z-Purlins With Paired Torsion Braces,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
A Combined Direct Analysis And Direct Strength Approach To Predict The Flexural Strength Of Z-Purlins With Paired Torsion Braces, Michael W. Seek, Chris Ramseyer, Ian Kaplan
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A series of 12 Base Tests for Z-section purlins with paired interior torsional braces and one flange attached to a flexible horizontal diaphragm are evaluated with the Direct Strength Method. Rather than use the conventional constrained bending stress approximation, a direct analysis philosophy is adopted where cross section stress distributions are calculated using a displacement compatibility approach. With a flexible diaphragm typical of a standing seam roof system, these stresses can deviate substantially from the constrained bending approximation and can significantly impact predicted local and distortional buckling behavior. The displacement compatibility approach incorporates estimates of load imbalances and second order …
Advanced Modeling Of Cold-Formed Steel Walls Under Fire,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Advanced Modeling Of Cold-Formed Steel Walls Under Fire, J. C. Batista Abreu, N. Punati, K. R. Prasad, B. W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper discusses an advanced finite element model able to simulate the structural response of cold-formed steel walls during standard fire tests. The model includes experimental thermo-mechanical properties of materials, geometric imperfections, and temperature distributions on studs and sheathing boards. The model is capable of reasonably predicting the thermal bowing of walls, and estimating the shape, size and amount of joint openings between gypsum boards over time of fire exposure. Numerical results validated with experimental data indicate that the maximum out-of-plane displacements due to thermal gradients occur near the wall mid-height. Early in the heating process, joint openings develop on …
Characterization Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Diaphragm Response Under In-Plane Loading And Influence Of Non-Structural Gypsum Panels,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Characterization Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Diaphragm Response Under In-Plane Loading And Influence Of Non-Structural Gypsum Panels, Patrick Latreille, Violetta Nikolaidou, Colin A. Rogers, Dimitrios G. Lignos
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The in-plane response of CFS framed diaphragm structures subjected to seismic excitation is not well understood. At present, the North American AISI S400 Standard does not include a seismic design procedure for CFS framed diaphragms for use in Canada, and offers limited information for their use in the US. In addition, the effect of non-structural components on the lateral strength and stiffness of the diaphragm component has yet to be explored. In an effort to provide insight into the complex nature of the diaphragm structure and the influence of non- structural components an experimental program was initiated in the Jamieson …
Sheathing Overlapping And Attachment Methods For Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls With Corrugated Steel Sheathing,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Sheathing Overlapping And Attachment Methods For Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls With Corrugated Steel Sheathing, Mahsa Mahdavian, Wenying Zhang, Cheng Yu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel (CFS) shear walls sheathed with corrugated steel sheathing are a feasible solution to non-combustible high structural performance CFS shear walls in mid-rise buildings. Corrugated steel sheathings have high in-plane strength and stiffness due to the cross sectional shape of the sheet. This paper presents an experimental study on two specific issues: (1) the sheathing overlapping configurations and their impact to the shear wall performance, (2) the attachment method for sheathing to framing. For the overlapping issue, one overlap and two overlaps in the corrugated sheets were experimentally investigated, it was found that the overlap differences did not cause …
Simulating The Seismic Performance Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Buildings Using Corrugated Sheet Shear Walls,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Simulating The Seismic Performance Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Buildings Using Corrugated Sheet Shear Walls, Wenying Zhang, Mahsa Mahdavian, Yuanqi Li, Cheng Yu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel framed shear wall sheathed with corrugated steel sheets is a promising shear wall system for low- and mid-rise constructions at high wind and seismic zones due to its advantages of non-combustibility, high shear strength, and high shear stiffness. A lot of work has been done on this subject. However, all the previous work is focused on the wall panel levels and more research work is needed on the entire building systems. The objective of this paper is to investigate the response of a cold-formed steel framed building with corrugated sheet sheathing subjected to earthquake excitation primarily through nonlinear …
Experimental Tests For The Seismic Response Evaluation Of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls Sheathed With Nailed Gypsum Boards,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Experimental Tests For The Seismic Response Evaluation Of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls Sheathed With Nailed Gypsum Boards, Luigi Fiorino, Vincenzo Macillo, Maria Teresa Terracciano, Tatiana Pali, Bianca Bucciero, Raffaele Landolfo
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The European project named "Energy Efficient LIghtweight-Sustainable-SAfe- Steel Construction" (Project acronym: ELISSA) is devoted to the development and demonstration of cold-formed steel (CFS) modular systems. In particular, these systems are nano-enhanced prefabricated lightweight steel skeleton/dry wall construction with improved thermal, vibration/seismic and fire performance, resulting from the inherent thermal, damping and fire spread prevention properties. The different building performances are studied and improved by means of experimental and numerical activities organized on three scale levels: micro-scale, meso-scale and macro-scale. In particular, the evaluation of the seismic performance is carried out at the University of Naples by means tests on connections …
Development Of A Method To Generate A Simplified Finite Element Model For An Electrical Switchboard Cabinet,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Development Of A Method To Generate A Simplified Finite Element Model For An Electrical Switchboard Cabinet, Edwin Lim, Barry J. Goodno, James I. Craig
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Electrical switchboards are one of the key pieces of equipment used in operations of most critical facilities such as hospitals and emergency services buildings. Unfortunately, past observations have shown that the switchboard cabinet and its contents may be vulnerable to damage or failure during an earthquake. An electrical switchboard cabinet is a complex structure typically constructed using cold-formed steel frame members enclosed by steel panels and containing a variety of switchgear and bus bars. The panels are usually fastened to the steel members by screws, and the steel members are connected together by bolts or screws. The structural behavior of …
Full-Scale Experimental And Numerical Study About Structural Behavior Of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Building Affected By Ground Settlements Due To Land Subsidence,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Full-Scale Experimental And Numerical Study About Structural Behavior Of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Building Affected By Ground Settlements Due To Land Subsidence, Jose A. Ortiz-Lozano, Luis A. Hernández-Castillo, Martin Hernández-Marín, Jesús Pacheco-Martínez, Mario E. Zermeño-Deleón, Raúl Salinas-Salinas
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Land subsidence phenomenon due to ground water withdrawal is a current problem in many places around the world, particularly in the shallows of Mexico. This causes ground differential settlements that affect structures, mainly dwellings and buildings based on reinforced concrete and masonry. Eventually, these structural materials do not exhibit an adequate performance beyond a certain level of angular distortion. This work presents the experimental and numerical results about a study regarding the performance of a full-scale thin-walled cold-formed steel building affected by angular distortions simulating ground differential settlements due to land subsidence. The experimental stage consisted in the design and …
Design Method For Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Beams With Built-Up Box Section,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Design Method For Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Beams With Built-Up Box Section, Ying-Lei Li, Yuan-Qi Li
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Built-up sections has been extensively used in cold-formed thin-walled steel structures. The structural behaviour and moment capacity of built-up box beams, which is consisted of nested C and U-sections, are the major concerns in this paper. A finite element model for built-up box beams was firstly developed and validated by existing test results. The effects of screw configuration and the global buckling behaviour of built-up box beams were investigated by parametric analysis. Then, the simple superposition method and equivalent cross-section method were introduced and adopted to estimate the moment capacity of built-up box beams bending about major or minor axis. …
Design Of Industrial Cold-Formed Steel Rack Upright Frames For Loads In Cross-Aisle Direction,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Design Of Industrial Cold-Formed Steel Rack Upright Frames For Loads In Cross-Aisle Direction, Francesc Roure, Teoman Peköz, M. Rosa Somalo, Jordi Bonada, M. Magdalena Pastor, Miquel Casafont
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper summarizes research on the cross-aisle stiffness and strength of industrial cold-formed steel rack upright frames for loads in cross-aisle direction. Tests were carried out at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain on joints as well as entire upright frames. A possible rather simple analysis procedure is developed and described.
Behavior Of Steel Sheet Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Walls Subjected To Combined Lateral And Vertical Loads,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Behavior Of Steel Sheet Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Walls Subjected To Combined Lateral And Vertical Loads, Pengchun Jia, Wenying Zhang, Mahsa Mahdavian, Nathan Derrick, Cheng Yu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents an experimental investigation of the behavior of cold-formed steel (CFS) framed walls sheathed by steel sheets subjected to both lateral and gravity loads. The research focuses were on the collapse limit of the CFS shear wall using steel sheet sheathing and the shear resistance of CFS bearing walls. The test results showed that the gravity load has limited impact to the CFS shear wall’s behavior and performance. The CFS bearing wall could provide considerable shear resistance and it shall be considered in numerical modeling CFS buildings.
Material Properties Of Cold-Rolled Thin-Walled Steel Plates At Elevated Temperatures,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Material Properties Of Cold-Rolled Thin-Walled Steel Plates At Elevated Temperatures, Zhen Nie, Yuanqi Li
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
It is highly important to clarify the high temperature mechanical properties in the design of cold-formed steel structures under fire condition due to the unique deterioration feature in material properties under fire environment and associated reduction to the mechanical performance of members. This paper presents the material properties of coupons cut from raw cold-rolled thin-walled steel plates at elevated temperatures. A set of high temperature extensometer with a range of 12.5mm relative to 50mm gauge was employed in the experiments, which could collect more displacement data between the gauge scope before the coupon fail. The coupons were extracted from original …
On The Direct Strength Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns Falling In Local-Distortional Interactive Modes,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
On The Direct Strength Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns Falling In Local-Distortional Interactive Modes, André Dias Martins, Dinar Camotim, Pedro Borges Dinis
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper present and discusses proposals for the codification of efficient design approaches for cold-formed steel columns affected by local-distortional (L-D) interaction. These proposals, based on the Direct Strength Method (DSM), were developed, calibrated and validated on the basis of experimental and numerical (shell finite element) failure load data concerning columns with several cross-section shapes and obtained from investigations carried out by various researchers. Three types of L-D interaction are taken into account, namely “true L-D interaction”, “secondary local bifurcation L-D interaction” and “secondary distortional bifurcation L-D interaction”. Moreover, previously available DSM-based design approaches to handle column L-D interactive failures …
First-Order Generalized Beam Theory For Curved Members With Circular Axis,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
First-Order Generalized Beam Theory For Curved Members With Circular Axis, Nuno Peres, Rodrigo Gonçalves, Dinar Camotim
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents a first-order Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) formulation for thin-walled members with circular axis and undergoing complex global-distortional-local deformation. The fundamental equations are derived on the basis of the usual GBT kinematic assumptions (Kirchhoff, Vlasov and wall in-plane inextensibility), leading to a formulation able to retrieve accurate solutions with only a few cross-section deformation modes (cross-section DOFs). It is shown that the classic Winkler and Vlasov theories can be recovered from the derived formulation. A GBT-based finite element is use to analyze numerical examples illustrating the application and potential of the proposed formulation.
Web Crippling Strength Of Cold-Formed Duplex Stainless Steel Lipped-Channel Sections With Web Openings Subjected To Interior-One-Flange Loading,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Web Crippling Strength Of Cold-Formed Duplex Stainless Steel Lipped-Channel Sections With Web Openings Subjected To Interior-One-Flange Loading, Amir M. Yousefi, James B. P. Lim, Asraf Uzzaman, Ying Lian, G. Charles Clifton, Ben Young
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed stainless steel sections are becoming more widely used in the residential and commercial sectors due to their high corrosion resistance and high strength-to-weight ratio. However, their susceptibility to web crippling at points of concentrated loading is well-known to be an important design issue. In addition, web openings are also become popular, as they improve ease of installation of services. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effect of web crippling on cold-formed duplex stainless steel lipped channel-sections, having such openings, under the interior-one-flange (IOF) loading condition. 742 non-linear elasto-plastic finite element analyses are undertaken, with web …
A Finite Element Method For Distortional Buckling Analysis Of Thin-Walled Members,
2016
Missouri University of Science and Technology
A Finite Element Method For Distortional Buckling Analysis Of Thin-Walled Members, Sheng Jin, Xiao Jiana, Rui Chenga, Shidong Niea, Mingyue Chenga
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents a method for distortional buckling analysis of thin-walled members without assuming longitudinal shape of buckling modes. In this method, the pure distortional elastic buckling loads and deformation modes are achieved by performing a linear buckling analysis of a specially constrained finite element model of the thin-walled member in ANSYS. The constraints on each cross-section are applied independently and can be divided into two parts. The first part, by which distortional buckling can be distinguished from local buckling, depicts the transvers deformation of a cross-section, while the second part originated from longitudinal displacement patterns of distortional modes is …
